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    Liver Failure

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    kennfenw
    Acute hepatic failure, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, is a rare but life-threatening condition where the liver suddenly loses its ability to function properly. This can lead to a buildup of toxins and complications such as brain damage, bleeding disorders, and multiple organ failure. Causes include viral infections, drug toxicity, autoimmune disorders, and metabolic diseases. Symptoms include jaundice, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, confusion and coma. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity, and may include supportive care, transplantation, or intensive care including elimination of liver damage factors, energy supply, binding of circulating ammonia, and normalization of metabolism and homeostasis.

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    Liver Failure

    Uploaded by

    kennfenw
    24 views10 pages
    Acute hepatic failure, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, is a rare but life-threatening condition where the liver suddenly loses its ability to function properly. This can lead to a buildup of toxins and complications such as brain damage, bleeding disorders, and multiple organ failure. Causes include viral infections, drug toxicity, autoimmune disorders, and metabolic diseases. Symptoms include jaundice, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, confusion and coma. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity, and may include supportive care, transplantation, or intensive care including elimination of liver damage factors, energy supply, binding of circulating ammonia, and normalization of metabolism and homeostasis.

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    Acute hepatic failure, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, is a rare but life-threatening condition where the liver suddenly loses its ability to function properly. This can lead to a buildup of toxins and complications such as brain damage, bleeding disorders, and multiple organ failure. Causes include viral infections, drug toxicity, autoimmune disorders, and metabolic diseases. Symptoms include jaundice, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, confusion and coma. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity, and may include supportive care, transplantation, or intensive care including elimination of liver damage factors, energy supply, binding of circulating ammonia, and normalization of metabolism and homeostasis.

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    24 views10 pages

    Liver Failure

    Uploaded by

    kennfenw
    Acute hepatic failure, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, is a rare but life-threatening condition where the liver suddenly loses its ability to function properly. This can lead to a buildup of toxins and complications such as brain damage, bleeding disorders, and multiple organ failure. Causes include viral infections, drug toxicity, autoimmune disorders, and metabolic diseases. Symptoms include jaundice, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, confusion and coma. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity, and may include supportive care, transplantation, or intensive care including elimination of liver damage factors, energy supply, binding of circulating ammonia, and normalization of metabolism and homeostasis.

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    Failing Liver: The Acute Hepatic Crisis

    By: Rawan Yaseen


    Group 63
    Introduction:
    Acute hepatic failure, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, is a
    rare but life-threatening condition that occurs when the liver
    suddenly loses its ability to function properly. This can lead to a
    buildup of toxins in the body and severe complications such as
    brain damage, bleeding disorders, and multiple organ failure.
    The causes of acute hepatic failure can vary, but common factors
    include viral infections, drug toxicity, autoimmune disorders, and
    metabolic diseases. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are critical
    for improving outcomes and preventing irreversible damage to the
    liver.
    Symptoms:
    The symptoms of acute hepatic failure can develop rapidly and can
    include jaundice, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, confusion,
    agitation, and coma. Patients may also experience abnormal bleeding,
    low blood sugar, and electrolyte imbalances.
    It is important to note that some patients may not exhibit any
    symptoms until the condition has progressed to a critical stage.
    Therefore, individuals who are at risk of developing acute hepatic
    failure should undergo regular screening tests to monitor liver
    function.
    Diagnosis:
    Diagnosing acute hepatic failure involves a thorough physical
    examination, blood tests, imaging studies, and liver biopsy. The
    blood tests will measure liver function enzymes, bilirubin levels,
    and coagulation factors. Imaging studies such as ultrasound, CT
    scan, and MRI can help identify any structural abnormalities in
    the liver.
    Liver biopsy is a procedure in which a small sample of liver tissue
    is removed and examined under a microscope. This can help
    determine the cause of liver damage and guide treatment
    decisions.
    Treatment:
    The treatment of acute hepatic failure depends on the underlying
    cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, hospitalization
    and supportive care such as fluid and electrolyte replacement,
    nutrition support, and management of complications may be
    sufficient.
    For patients with severe liver damage, liver transplant may be
    necessary. This involves removing the damaged liver and replacing it
    with a healthy liver from a donor. However, due to the limited
    availability of donor organs, not all patients may be eligible for this
    option.
    Complications:
    Acute hepatic failure can lead to several complications such as
    cerebral edema, which is swelling of the brain, and hepatic
    encephalopathy, which is a condition that causes confusion and
    altered mental status. Patients may also experience kidney failure,
    respiratory failure, and sepsis.
    Complications can be life-threatening and require immediate
    medical attention. Therefore, individuals who are at risk of
    developing acute hepatic failure should seek medical care if they
    experience any symptoms or have concerns about their liver
    function.
    Prevention:
    Preventing acute hepatic failure involves avoiding or minimizing
    exposure to known risk factors such as excessive alcohol
    consumption, drug abuse, and exposure to toxic chemicals.
    Individuals with pre-existing liver conditions should also take
    steps to manage their condition and prevent further damage.
    Regular screening tests can help detect liver damage early and
    allow for prompt intervention. It is important to maintain a
    healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise, to
    support liver function.
    Intensive carе includes:
    1. Elimination of hepatonecrosis: а) elimination of the etiologic factor; b) mеmbrаnе
    stabilization (glucocorticoids, drugs supporting osmo- and oncotic pressure); с) restoration
    of the hepatic blood flows (elimination of hуроvolemia, restoration of intestinal motility,
    drainage of thoracic lуmрh duct, cardiac, vasodilating and rheologic remedies); d)
    oxygenotherapy (inhalation of O2 hyperbarooxygenotherapy) with antihypoxants (γ OH-
    butyric acid, barbiturates, vitamin Е) and hepatocytes improving O2 utilization (pangamic
    acid, coenzymе А, cytochrome С, diphosphopyridinnucleotide).
    2. Energy supply - nоt less than 5 g/kg of dry glucose per day as 15% solution with addition
    of 1 U of insulin to 4-6 g of glucose.
    3. Binding of ammonia circulating in blood bу preparations of glutaminic or hydroxysuccinic
    acids, glutathione, arginine.
    4. Provision of lipotransport mechanisms and hepatocyte protection from lipid regeneration
    bу methionine, lipocaine, cholinchloride.
    5.Ferment induction of bilirubin conjugation bу luminal (phenobarbital).
    6. Normalization of vitamin metabolism.
    7. Proteolysis inhibition bу hordox, trasilol, contrical.
    8. Multifunctional remedies for preservation and structure and function
    restoration of hepatocytes - essentiale, eparmefonin.
    9. Normalization of homeostasis indices, including water-electrolyte and acid-
    base metabolism.
    10. Diminishing the velocity of ammonia production bу limitation of protein in
    diet, high cleansing enemas of the gastrointestinal tract, laxatives, probe lavage
    of the stomach, per oral antibiotics, in particular, gentamycinum.
    11. Prevention of the intestinal hemorrhage bу elevating blood coagulation with
    the help of aminocapronic acid, vicasolum, calcium gluconate, vitamin С.
    THANK YOU

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