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Parabola Solutions

This document provides the answer key for an exercise set involving solving quadratic equations with and without a calculator. It explains the steps taken to solve each problem, which involve factoring techniques, using the quadratic formula, finding intercepts and vertices of parabolas, and other skills tested on the SAT Math section. The problems demonstrate how to set up and solve a variety of quadratic equations and interpret features of quadratic functions.

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Preethi Victor
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78 views2 pages

Parabola Solutions

This document provides the answer key for an exercise set involving solving quadratic equations with and without a calculator. It explains the steps taken to solve each problem, which involve factoring techniques, using the quadratic formula, finding intercepts and vertices of parabolas, and other skills tested on the SAT Math section. The problems demonstrate how to set up and solve a variety of quadratic equations and interpret features of quadratic functions.

Uploaded by

Preethi Victor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 9 / THE SAT MATH: PASSPORT TO ADVANCED MATH381

EXERCISE SET 2 ANSWER KEY

No Calculator 9. C 2a(a - 5) + 3a2(a + 1)


Distribute:2a2 - 10a + 3a3 + 3a2
1. 14 (x - 2)(x + 2) = 0
Collect like terms: 3a3 + 5a2 - 10a
FOIL: x2 - 4 = 0
Add 14: x + 10 = 14
2
10. A  Substitute x = 0 to find the y-intercept of each
graph. Only (A) and (B) yield negative y-intercepts, so (C)
2. 6 (a - 3)(a + k) = a2 + 3a - 18
and (D) can be eliminated. Factoring the function in (A)
FOIL: a2 + (k - 3)a - 3k = a2 + 3a - 18
yields y = -(x + 3), which has only a single x-intercept at
Equate coefficients: k - 3 = 3; -3k = -18
x = -3.
Therefore, k = 6.
11. C 2x2 + 8x = 42
3. 50  By the Factor Theorem, the parabola has
Divide by 2: x2 + 4x = 21
x-intercepts at x = -4 and x = -6. The x-coordinate of
Subtract 21: x + 4x - 21 = 0
2
the vertex is the average of these zeros, or -5. To get the
Factor:(x + 7)(x - 3) = 0
y-coordinate of the vertex, we just plug x = -5 back into
Therefore, x = -7 or 3, but since x < 0, x = -7 and
the equation: y = 10(-5 + 4)(-5 + 6) = 10(-1)(1) = -10.
therefore, x2 = (-7)2 = 49.
Therefore, a = -5 and b = -10 and so ab = 50.
12. B  Draw a quick sketch of the parabola. Since it
4. 5 When x = 3, y = 0: 0 = 3(3)2 - k(3) - 12
has a vertex at (4, 7), it must have an axis of symmetry of
Simplify:0 = 27 - 3k - 12
x = 4. The two zeros of the function must be symmetric
Simplify:0 = 15 - 3k
to the line x = 4, and since the zero x = 2 is 2 units to the
Add 3k:3k = 15
left of the axis, the other must by 2 units to the right, at
Divide by 3: k=5
x = 6.
5. 1.8  The x-coordinate of the vertex is the average of
the x-intercepts (if they exist): (-1.2 + 4.8)/2 = 3.6/2 = 1.8.
Calculator
6. 18  The x-coordinate of the vertex is the average of
the x-intercepts (if they exist):
5 = (b + 4)/2 13. 5 2x2 - 4x = 30
Multiply by 2: 10 = b + 4 Divide by 2: x2 - 2x = 15
Subtract 4: 6=b Subtract 15: x2 - 2x - 15 = 0
Substitute x = 5 and y = -3 into equation to find the Factor:(x - 5)(x + 3) = 0
value of a: -3 = a(5 - 6)(5 - 4) = -a Therefore, x = 5 or -3. But since x > 0, x = 5.
Multiply by -1:3 = a
Therefore, ab = (3)(6) = 18 14. 6  Let’s call the one solution a. If it is the only solu-
tion, the two factors must be the same:
7. 2.5 0 = 2x2 - 5x - 12  x2 + bx + 9 = (x - a)(x - a)
Factor:0 = (2x + 3)(x - 4) FOIL: x2 + bx + 9 = x2 - 2ax + a2
Therefore, the zeros are x = -3/2 and x = 4, which have Therefore, b = -2a and a = 9. This means that x = 3
2

a sum of 2.5. Alternately, you can divide the original or -3 and so b = -2(3) = -6 or -2(-3) = 6. Since b must
equation by 2: be positive, b = 6.
0 = x2 - 2.5x - 12
and recall that any quadratic in the form x2 + bx + c = 0 15. 73.6  The y-intercept is simply the value of the
must have zeros that have a sum of -b and a product of c. function when x = 0: y = 5(0 - 3.2)(0 - 4.6) = 73.6.
Therefore, without having to calculate the zeros, we can
see that they have a sum of -(-2.5) = 2.5. 16. 3.9  The x-coordinate of the vertex is simply the
average of the zeros: (3.2 + 4.6)/2 = 3.9.
8. 2.4  We know that one of the zeros is x = -5, and
we want to find the other, x = b. We can use the Factor 17. 7 (2x - 1)(x + 3) + 2x = 2x2 + kx - 3
Theorem: FOIL:2x2 + 5x - 3 + 2x = 2x2 + kx - 3
x2 - ax - 12 = (x + 5)(x - b) Simplify:2x2 + 7x - 3 = 2x2 + kx - 3
FOIL: x2 - ax - 12 = x2 + (5 - b)x - 5b Subtract 2x2 and add 3: 7x = kx
Since the constant terms must be equal, 12 = 5b and Divide by x:7 = k
therefore, b = 12/5 = 2.4.

ch09.indd 381 05-04-2019 23:38:46


382 McGraw-Hill Education: SAT

18. 14 b2 + 20b = 96 21. D  This one is tough. Since this question allows a
Subtract 96: b + 20b - 96 = 0
2 calculator, you could solve this by graphing or with the
Factor:(b - 4)(b + 24) = 0 Quadratic Formula. Remember that a quadratic equa-
Therefore, b = 4 or -24, but if b > 0, then b must tion has no real solution if b2 - 4ac < 0. The only choice
equal 4, and therefore, b + 10 = 14. Alternately, you for which b2 - 4ac is negative is (D). Alternately, if you
might notice that adding 100 to both sides of the original graph the left side of each equation as a function in the
equation gives a “perfect square trinomial” on the left xy-plane (which I only advise if you have a good graph-
side:b2 + 20b + 100 = 196 ing calculator), you will see that the function in (D) never
Factor:(b + 10)2 = 196 crosses the x-axis, implying that it cannot equal 0.
Take square root: b + 10 = ±14
If b > 0: b + 10 = 14 22. A  This quadratic has zeros at x = -6 and
x = -8, so its axis of symmetry is at the midpoint of
19. C  Since the vertex of the parabola is at (3, 7), the zeros, at x = -7.
the axis of symmetry is x = 3. Since x = -1 is 4 units
to the left of this axis, and x = 7 is 4 units to the right 23. C  If the vertex of the parabola is at (6, -1), its
of this axis, f(-1) must equal f(7). axis of symmetry must be x = 6. The y-intercept of the
function is f(0), which is the value of y when x = 0. Since
20. D  y = -2(x - 1)(x - 5) has x-intercepts at x = 1 this point is 6 units to the left of the axis of symmetry,
and x = 5 and a y-intercept of y = -10. (Notice that the its reflection over the axis of symmetry is 6 units to the
function in (C) has only one positive x-intercept at x = 5.) rights of the axis, at f(12).

ch09.indd 382 05-04-2019 23:38:46

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