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    PFE IEEE Ray Marching VS Ray Tracing

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    Tanguy Lepine
    Ray tracing and ray marching are two rendering techniques that are compared. Ray tracing renders 3000 frames of spheres faster than ray marching, taking 60 seconds versus 113 seconds. For simple objects like spheres, ray tracing performs better than ray marching. However, ray marching may perform better than ray tracing for rendering complex objects since it can easily find complex surfaces. Further comparisons of the techniques rendering complex scenes are needed to fully understand which performs better in more common cases.

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    PFE IEEE Ray Marching VS Ray Tracing

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    Tanguy Lepine
    47 views3 pages
    Ray tracing and ray marching are two rendering techniques that are compared. Ray tracing renders 3000 frames of spheres faster than ray marching, taking 60 seconds versus 113 seconds. For simple objects like spheres, ray tracing performs better than ray marching. However, ray marching may perform better than ray tracing for rendering complex objects since it can easily find complex surfaces. Further comparisons of the techniques rendering complex scenes are needed to fully understand which performs better in more common cases.

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    PFE_IEEE__Ray_Marching_VS_Ray_Tracing

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    Ray tracing and ray marching are two rendering techniques that are compared. Ray tracing renders 3000 frames of spheres faster than ray marching, taking 60 seconds versus 113 seconds. For simple objects like spheres, ray tracing performs better than ray marching. However, ray marching may perform better than ray tracing for rendering complex objects since it can easily find complex surfaces. Further comparisons of the techniques rendering complex scenes are needed to fully understand which performs better in more common cases.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    47 views3 pages

    PFE IEEE Ray Marching VS Ray Tracing

    Uploaded by

    Tanguy Lepine
    Ray tracing and ray marching are two rendering techniques that are compared. Ray tracing renders 3000 frames of spheres faster than ray marching, taking 60 seconds versus 113 seconds. For simple objects like spheres, ray tracing performs better than ray marching. However, ray marching may perform better than ray tracing for rendering complex objects since it can easily find complex surfaces. Further comparisons of the techniques rendering complex scenes are needed to fully understand which performs better in more common cases.

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    Ray Marching VS Ray Tracing

    Guillaume Rioual Tanguy Lépine Thomas Quin


    Visual Computing Department Visual Computing Department Visual Computing Department
    CY TECH CY TECH CY TECH
    Cergy, France Cergy, France Cergy, France
    rioualguil@eisti.eu lepinetang@eisti.eu quinthomas@eisti.eu

    A BSTRACT II. S TATE OF A RT


    The field of rendering is evolving at breakneck speed. The first algorithm of Ray Tracing was shown by Arthur
    Machines and techniques are more and more sophisticated Appel [4] in 1968. The aim of this Ray Tracing was to cast
    to ensure visual quality close to reality. Therefore, various rays from the camera to the objects and from the objects
    techniques are at war in a fight for the most qualitative and to the lights. This reproduces a realistic pixelized rendering.
    optimized rendering. Since 1979, J. Turner Whitted [5] came up with recursive
    Ray Tracing algorithm. This allowed a better precision for
    Two technologies stand out: Ray Tracing and Ray color and reflection.
    Marching. The question is: which technology performs the
    best ? This is the question we will try to answer, while
    presenting results comparing the two technologies.

    For this, the objective is to produce two similar scenes


    using both technologies. The idea is to compare them on
    specific criteria, such as quality or rendering time, to realize
    which technology is the most efficient.

    I. I NTRODUCTION
    Image rendering has greatly evolved since its creation,
    images are much more advanced and are rendered faster.
    This evolution is mainly due to two factors : better hardwares Fig. 1. First Ray Tracer rendering : the light source has been moved relative to
    and new algorithms that allow to render more complex image the object. Pixelized rendering, but notice the light going through the opening
    at a faster rate. of the object.

    An example of such an algorithm would be Ray Marching Ray Marching is newer but a bit different from Ray
    [1,3], as its aims is to simulate the flow of light and it is Tracing. While, in Ray Tracing, we look directly at the
    more optimized than ray tracing, it allows the render of intersection between the ray and the object, in Ray Marching,
    images with complex illumination faster than render using we march along the ray in order to find the object intersection
    Ray Tracing. more precisely, thus allowing the rendering of complex object
    surfaces. One example of such an a algorithm would be
    The idea of Ray Tracing was first thought of during the Sphere Tracing [2].
    16th century by Albrecht Dürer. He created a machine called
    the Dürer’s door which used a thread attached to the end of a
    stylus that an assistant moved in order to draw the contours
    of an object.

    Nowadays, rendering is used in a lot of fields such as video


    games or movies. Those are domains that are close to people,
    even more to us, and because the creation and evolution of new
    algorithms is heavely linked to the progression of rendering,
    Fig. 2. Sphere Tracing principle : adaptative step size where we find the
    it makes this subject fascinating. object’s surface at each increment of the ray and move forward along it.
    In the scope of this article, we wanted to show a comparison
    between Ray Marching and Ray Tracing.
    III. E XPERIMENTS AND R ESULTS The Ray Tracing animation hits 3000 frames in about
    In this first experiment, we have rendered 2 animations, 60 sec which give us an overall fps of 50, while the Ray
    one using Ray Tracing, the other using Ray Marching. This Marching animation does the same in 113 sec for an overall
    experiment has for goal to show how Ray Marching compare fps of 26.5.
    to Ray Tracing in the worst case. In order to simulate such a
    case, we will render a lot of objects close to each other and We see that Ray Tracing render frames much quicker than
    we will render only spheres. Ray Marching and without any drops in quality. As such we
    can say that for simple objects like spheres, Ray Tracing
    By doing that, we are decreasing two of the biggest performs way better than Ray Marching.
    advantages of Ray Marching, the adaptative step and the
    capacity to find complex object surface easely. In order to Looking at this result we can safely assume that Ray
    compare these two animations, we will render 3000 frames Marching doesn’t outperform Ray Tracing in all case and
    and then compare rendering time and overall fps. some scenes like the one we made are more easily rendered
    by Ray Tracing than by Ray Marching.
    The tests were carried out on the shadertoy.com site,
    allowing complex shaders to be produced under an intuitive IV. P ERSPECTIVES
    interface. The machine used for rendering runs under
    Windows, equipped with an RTX 2070 and a Ryzen 5 5600X Since we have seen how Ray Marching compares to Ray
    processor. The rendering resolution is 1920x1080px. Tracing in its worst case, the next logic thing to do is to
    show how Ray Marching compare to Ray Tracing in its best
    In both animations, we didn’t notice any differences in the case, by rendering more complex objects.
    quality at which spheres were rendered, sphere boundaries
    were found accurately. another interesting thing to do is to render a scene
    containing a multitude of objects, both simple and complex
    in order to compare Ray Marching to Ray Tracing in a more
    common case.

    Lastly search for new comparaison method, for example


    precisely assessing object rendering quality or implementing
    a system of sample and calculate samples rendering time can
    further improve the comparaison between ray tracing and ray
    marching.

    V. C ONCLUSION
    After working on the comparaison between Ray Tracing
    and Ray Marching, We can be certain about the fact that Ray
    Tracing is better than Ray Marching when we work with
    simple 3D objects.

    When we tried to implement ray tracing with complex 3D


    objects, we encountered some troubles, since the equations
    we needed to resolve in order to compute the collision with
    the ray were particularly difficult. For Ray Marching, it was
    not hard at all since we only needed the length to the nearest
    object.

    If we only cared about the fact taht ray marching is really


    Fig. 3. Graphical quality comparison between Ray Tracing (Top) and Ray
    Marching (Bottom) at first frame of rendering. easy to implement for complex object then we would that Ray
    Marching is far more interesting than Ray Tracing in that case.

    R EFERENCES
    [1] Jamie Wong, Ray Marching and signed distance functions, jamie-
    wong.com, 2016.
    [2] Scratchapixel, Rendering Implicit Surfaces and Distance Fields: Sphere
    Tracing, scratchapixel.com, 2016.
    [3] Michael Walczyk, Ray Marching, michaelwalczyk.com.
    [4] A. Appel, Some techniques for shading machine renderings of solids,
    1968.
    [5] J. Turner Whitted, An Improved Illumination Model for Shaded Display,
    1979.

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