RO_MIMAROPA_WS_Science6_Q4

SCIENCE 6
Fourth Quarter
Week 2
Lesson: Disaster Preparedness on Earthquake and Volcanic Eruption
MELC: Enumerate what to do before, during and after earthquake and
volcanic eruption.

At the end of the day, the pupils will be able to:

1. Enumerate the precautionary measures before, during and after
earthquake and volcanic eruption;
2. Practice the precautionary measures before, during and after
earthquake and volcanic eruption; and
3. Appreciate the precautionary measures before, during and after
earthquake and volcanic eruption.

Essential question

How do we keep ourselves safe when there is an earthquake or a

volcanic eruption?

Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are both dangerous. It is hard

to tell when they are going to happen neither it can be prevented. Here are
some very important things that you should understand in order to
minimize the risks and protect yourself against the harmful effects.

Directions: Read the dialogue of a mother and her child Gabriela about the
safety precautions to be observed before, during, and after the earthquake
and volcanic eruption.

One day, Gabriela, the daughter of Mrs. Brillo was watching a

television program to enrich her understanding of the lesson in Science.
She was watching a Grade 6 video lesson on earthquake and volcanic
eruption when the program was suddenly interrupted for some breaking
news.

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Good morning. Here is a flash report. Early this morning, a

magnitude 5.4 earthquake, which was tectonic in origin, jolted
Occidental Mindoro Province. According to PHIVOLCS, the quake
happened around 4:06 in the morning and the epicenter is
located at 22 kilometers west of Looc Town at a depth of 29
kilometers. Intensity V tremors were felt in the town Lubang,
Occidental Mindoro. The earthquake was also felt in Metro
Manila and other parts of Luzon.

Mom, there is a
BREAKING
breaking news. Looc,
NEWS Occidental Mindoro
was shaken by a
magnitude 5.4
earthquake.

That’s terrible. Hopefully,

nobody was seriously hurt.

I hope everyone is safe and

sound. Mom, can we predict
when and where it is going to
strike? How can we prevent an
earthquake from happening?

So, what should we

Sorry, but there is no way we can
do? What if an
predict or prevent an earthquake from
earthquake hits our
occurring. Nevertheless, with proper
knowledge on safety measures, we can place? What will
lessen its harmful effects. happen to us?

Calm down. Don’t be scared, Gabby. Listen to me carefully. The

government is doing its best to protect and ensure our safety
through the help of PHIVOLCS and NDRRMC.

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The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)

is the government agency tasked to monitor earthquakes and volcanic
activities. It issues warnings to people living in the surrounding areas of a
volcano that shows signs of an eruption. The NDRRMC or National,
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council is the responsible for
ensuring the protection and welfare of the people during disaster or
emergencies. It is a working group composed of various government, non-
government, civil and private sector organizations.

BEFORE

What to do before an earthquake

✓ Check the structure of your house or building. Look for potentially

dangerous things such as step hill slopes, hanging objects, falling
debris, etc.
✓ Familiarize yourself with your home and school. Know the routes
you will take to get out from the building in case of an Earthquake.
✓ Find the place where fire extinguishers, first aid kits, alarms, and
communication facilities are located. Know how to use the said
facilities and equipment.
✓ Prepare an emergency plan to cope with the disaster.
✓ Have a stock of potable water, flashlight, radio, batteries, spare
clothes and some food packed. You may need this in case of
evacuation.

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Now, I know what to prepare.

It’s better to be ready than So you can easily get out of
not. But mom, I wonder why the house.
we need to check and
familiarize our house?

That is a good question! Here are

What about when an some of the important things you
earthquake strikes? need to remember whenever an
What should we do? earthquake happens.

DURING

What to do during an earthquake

✓ Keep calm when you feel the Earthquake. If you are inside the
building, go under a desk or table. If you are outside, stay away
from building of electric post or anything that might fall.
✓ Do not rush to the exit when you are in crowded place like
theatre, mall, train or stadium to avoid stampede.
✓ If you are in a moving car, ask the driver to stop and park the
car away from buildings, electric wires, or posts.
✓ Do not use the elevators during and after an earthquake. You
can be stranded inside the elevator if a power failure occurs.
✓ If you are residing near a coastal area, always be aware of
tsunami. If you feel an earthquake, immediately run to higher
grounds.

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Mom, is it true that No, it is false. We are not

everyone will be safe safe yet even the
once the earthquake is earthquake has already
over? If not, then what stopped. Here is the list
should we do next? of safety measures that
we need to observe to
ensure our safety.

AFTER

What to do after an earthquake

✓ Find a safe place when the earthquake is over. Aftershocks are

likely to follow.
✓ Check the safety of your family members. If someone is missing
or in trouble, seek aid to find them.
✓ Do not attempt to cross bridges and overpasses which may have
been damaged by the earthquake.
✓ Check for fires, if there are any. Some damages from the
earthquake may result to fire. In case you see a fire, locate the
nearest fire control of alarm unit and use it.
✓ Keep yourself updated and alert. Authorities may issue some
instructions to reduce the effects of earthquakes.

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While Gabriela and her mother were talking about the earthquake,
their discussion was abruptly interrupted by another breaking news. The
news was about the raging Taal Volcano. It showed an unusual scene that
looks like an explosion is going to happen again.

It can be recalled that just last January

12, 2020, a phreatomagmatic eruption
took place in Taal Volcano from its main
crater that spewed ashes across
Ash/gas
CALABARZON, Metro manila, and some
clouds
part of central Luzon and Ilocos Region.
crater

And right now, as you can

see Taal Volcano seems to
be exploding again.

Mom, look at the television.

Taal Volcano is in the news. Yes, the volcano shows signs of
What does it mean? Will it be possible eruption, like
erupting again? earthquakes, increasing of
emission of stream, and
rumbling sounds. When these
signs are observed, people
nearby the volcano should make
necessary preparations for safety
before the volcano erupts.

What should the people living

nearby a volcano do?

To lessen the destructive effects of an

impending eruption, the DOST-PHIVOLCS
issued the list of precautionary measures
to do before a volcanic eruption. We must
follow strictly the given warning.

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BEFORE

What to do before a volcanic eruption

✓ Be aware of any unusual volcanic activity.

✓ Listen to the radio or people of authority for safety instructions.
✓ Prepare emergency supplies like flashlights, candles, matches, and
first aid kit.
✓ Stock some food and water.
✓ Evacuate if necessary.
✓ Prepare masks for the nose and mouth. They are to be used in case
of an ash fall or volcanic smog.

Thanks to PHIVOLCS for

keeping us informed and
updated. It is really a need to You are right, Gabby.
be always prepared for any That’s why PHILVOLCS is
disaster. a very important
government agency.

How about
during
volcanic Always remember
eruptions? and practice
What will we these reminders
to avoid any
do?
mishap.

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DURING

What to do during a volcanic eruption

✓ Stay indoors.
✓ Cover your nose with a mask or damp cloth when volcanic ash
or dust present in the air.
✓ Keep your food and water covered.
✓ Stay away from low places; rocks, lava, and mudflows are likely
to flow towards low-lying areas.
✓ Stay in the evacuation center. Avoid going back to your house
while the volcano is erupting.

Now, I realize the importance Yes, my dear, you really have to

of the precautionary observe these safety measures
measures. By strictly to keep yourself away from
following these things, we danger. Aside from that, we
can ensure our safety. have to trust and pray to God.

How about when a

Just like what I have said
volcanic eruption is over?
before, we need to follow the
safety measures. Here are
some reminders to do after
a volcanic eruption.

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AFTER

What to do after a volcanic eruption

✓ After the eruption, do not go back home right away. Wait for
instructions on when it is safe to return home.
✓ Avoid crossing a bridge when lahar flows under it.
✓ Remove ash from your roofs.
✓ Check if your drinking water is clear and if the electrical writings
at home are intact and safe.

Being prepared can reduce fear, anxiety and losses that accompany
disasters. Communities, families, and individuals should know what to do
and where to seek shelter during calamities like earthquake and volcanic
eruption. We need the knowledge about these disasters to reduce the risks
and to protect ourselves from the adverse effects or hazards. Some possible
actions that will help us are by attending seminars, drills and orientation.

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 Activity I. Let’s Recall

Directions: Create a table for the things that you should do before, during,
and after an earthquake and volcanic eruption.

Natural Precautionary Measures

Occurrence Before During After

1. 1. 1.
2. 2. 2.
Earthquake 3. 3. 3.
4. 4. 4.
5. 5. 5.

1.
1.
1.
2.
2.
2.
3.
Volcanic eruption 3.
3.
4.
4.
4.
5.
5.
6.

 Activity II. Let’s Apply!

Directions: Make a simple map of your home or school. Using arrows, draw a
path from the exit point of a building to the designated evacuation area
(center) taking the shortest possible period of time after an earthquake or a
volcanic eruption.
Rubrics
Need
Excellent Good Satisfactory
Improvement
(4) (3) (2)
(1)
Most Some
Following None of the
All directions directions directions
Project direction were
were followed were were
directions followed
followed followed

Own ideas Own ideas Limited ideas

Did not use
Use of and were used and
own idea and
Creativity imagination most of the imagination
imagination
were used time were used

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 Let’s check!
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer from the box.

A. Observe disaster preparedness.

B. Wear masks for the nose and mouth.
C. If you are inside the building, go under a desk or table.
D. Stop and park the car away from buildings, electric wires or post.
E. To know the routes you will take to get out from the building in
case of an earthquake.

1. Why is it important to familiarize yourself with your home and school?

2. How do we keep ourselves safe when there is an earthquake?
3. If you are in a moving car during an earthquake, what will you do?
4. What should people leaving near a volcano do to lessen the destructive
effects of an eruption?
5. What will you do during a volcanic eruption?

 Let’s Think
Directions: Answer the following questions.
1. How do we keep ourselves safe when there is an earthquake or a
volcanic eruption?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. Why is it important to practice precautionary measures before, during,

after earthquake?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

3. What will you include in your emergency kit when preparing for a
volcanic eruption?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

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 Let’s Explore
Directions: Express your ideas through drawing. Do the sets A and set B.
A. Imagine yourself being a survivor of an earthquake. Draw what can
possibly happen after the earthquake.

B. Show by drawing the eruption of the volcano and how people take steps
for their safety.

Need
Excellent (4) Good(3) Satisfactory(2)
Improvement (1)
Most Some
Following All directions None of the
directions directions
Project were direction were
were were
directions followed followed
followed followed
Own ideas Own ideas Limited ideas
Did not use own
Use and were used and
idea and
Creativity imagination most of the imagination
imagination
were used time were used

 Additional Activity
A. Directions: Enumerate the effects of an earthquake. Write your answer
in the fishbone diagram.

Cause Effects

Earthquake

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B. Directions. Categorize the following Precautionary Measures into three:

Before, During and After Volcanic Eruption. To write your answers, fill in
the empty oval shaped figures provided.

Volcanic Eruption

6. Keep your food and water covered.

1. Stay indoors. 7. Stay in the evacuation center.
2. Avoid crossing a bridge when Avoid going back to your house
lahar flows under it. while the volcano is erupting.
3. Remove ash from your roofs. 8. Check if your drinking water is
4. Be aware of any unusual clear and if the electrical wirings
volcanic activity. at home are intact and safe.
5. Listen to the radio or people 9. Stock some food and water.
of authority for safety
10.Evacuate if necessary.
instructions.

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Answer Key

Activity I. Let’s Recall Activity I. Let’s Recall

Earthquake Volcanic Eruption

Before Before
1. Check the structure of your house or building. Look 1. Be aware of any unusual volcanic
for potentially dangerous things such as step hill activity.
slopes, hanging objects, falling debris, etc. 2. Listen to the radio or people of
2. Familiarize yourself with your home and school. authority for safety instructions.
Know the routes you will take to get out from the 3. Prepare emergency supplies like
building in case of an Earthquake. flashlights, candles, matches,
3. Find the place where fire extinguishers, first aid and first aid kit.
kits, alarms, and communication facilities are 4. Stock some food and water.
located. Know how to use the said facilities and 5. Evaluate if necessary.
equipment. 6. Prepare masks for the nose and
4. Prepare an emergency plan to cope with the mouth. They are to be used in
disaster. case of an ash fall or volcanic
5. Have a stock of potable water, flashlight, radio, smog.
batteries, spare clothes and some food packed. You
may need this in case of evacuation. During
1. Stay indoors.
During 2. Cover your nose with a mask or
1. Keep calm when you feel the Earthquake. If you are damp cloth when volcanic ash or
inside the building, go under a desk or table. If you dust present in the air.
are outside, stay away from building of electric post 3. Keep your food and water
or anything that might fall. covered.
2. Do not rush to the exit when you are in crowded 4. Stay away from low places, rocks,
place like theatre, mall, train or stadium to avoid lava, and mudflows are likely to
stampede. flow towards low-lying areas.
3. If you are in a moving car, ask the driver to stop and 5. Stay in the evacuation center.
park the car away from buildings, electric wires, or Avoid going back to your house
posts. while the volcano is erupting.
4. Do not use the elevators during and after an
earthquake. You can be stranded inside the elevator After
if a power failure occurs. 1. After the eruption, do not go back
5. If you are residing near a coastal area, always be home right away. Wait for
aware of tsunami. If you feel an earthquake, instructions on when it is safe to
immediately run to higher grounds. return home.
2. Avoid crossing a bridge when
After lahar flows under it.
1. Find a safe place when the earthquake is over. 3. Remove ash from your roofs.
Aftershocks are likely to follow. 4. Check if your drinking water is
2. Check the safety of your family members. If clear and if the electrical writings
someone is missing or in trouble, seek aid to find at home are intact and safe.
them.
3. Do not attempt to cross bridges and overpasses
which may have been damaged by the earthquake.
4. Check for fires, if there are any. Some damages
from the earthquake may result to fire. In case you
see a fire, locate the nearest fire control of alarm
unit and use it.
5. Keep yourself updated and alert. Authorities may
issue some instructions to reduce the effects of
earthquakes.

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Activity II. Let’s Apply! Let’s check!

Sample plan 1. E
2. C
3. D
4. A
5. B

Let’s Think!

1. During an earthquake we protect ourselves by immediately dropdown,

cover your head and neck underneath a sturdy table or desk, and hold
on to your shelter until shaking stops. For volcanic eruption: you
must wear a dust mask, protect your eyes by wearing goggles, cover your
skin if possible. You have to follow strictly the precautionary measures:
before, during and after. (the answers may vary)
2. Because by being prepared, we can lessen the damage in properties and
loss of lives. (answers may vary)
3. The materials that we need are: flash light and extra batteries, first aid
kit, emergency food and water, can opener, medicines, sturdy shoes,
respiratory protection and eye protection. (answer may vary)

Let’s Explore!
Set A Set B

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References:
Science 6 Beyond Borders. Page 190-195
Into The Future: Science and Health 6. Page 206-209 and 217-218

Prepared by:

EDEN S. BRILLO

Editors:
ARMANDO N. VILLAGRACIA, JR.
DIVINA G. ADIER

Quality Assured by
MARY THERESE C. CASTRO

Reviewed by:
ROSALYN C. GADIANO
ANNA LEAH J. IGNACIO

For inquiries or comments, write or call:

Department of Education – MIMAROPA Region

Meralco Avenue, corner St. Paul Road, Pasig City, Philippines 1600
Telephone No. (02) 863-14070
Email Address: lrmds.mimaroparegion@deped.gov.ph

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