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    Chapter 3

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    linh nguyen
    This document discusses long vowels, diphthongs, and triphthongs in English pronunciation. It outlines the 5 long vowels in English and notes differences from short vowels in tongue position and length. It then explains that diphthongs consist of a glide between two vowels, identifying 8 common diphthongs in English. Finally, it defines triphthongs as a glide between three vowels and provides an example of the triphthong in the word "hour".

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    Chapter 3

    Uploaded by

    linh nguyen
    58 views4 pages
    This document discusses long vowels, diphthongs, and triphthongs in English pronunciation. It outlines the 5 long vowels in English and notes differences from short vowels in tongue position and length. It then explains that diphthongs consist of a glide between two vowels, identifying 8 common diphthongs in English. Finally, it defines triphthongs as a glide between three vowels and provides an example of the triphthong in the word "hour".

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    CHAPTER 3

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    This document discusses long vowels, diphthongs, and triphthongs in English pronunciation. It outlines the 5 long vowels in English and notes differences from short vowels in tongue position and length. It then explains that diphthongs consist of a glide between two vowels, identifying 8 common diphthongs in English. Finally, it defines triphthongs as a glide between three vowels and provides an example of the triphthong in the word "hour".

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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    58 views4 pages

    Chapter 3

    Uploaded by

    linh nguyen
    This document discusses long vowels, diphthongs, and triphthongs in English pronunciation. It outlines the 5 long vowels in English and notes differences from short vowels in tongue position and length. It then explains that diphthongs consist of a glide between two vowels, identifying 8 common diphthongs in English. Finally, it defines triphthongs as a glide between three vowels and provides an example of the triphthong in the word "hour".

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    LONG VOWELS, DIPTHONGS AND TRIPHTHONGS

    English Long Vowels (: is the vowels which tend to be longer than


    the short vowels in similar context.
    e.g: ship – sheep /I/ /i:/
    2. There are 5 long vowels: ɑː, ɔː, uː, ɜː ; iː
    different from the six short vowels
    e.g: I with iː, or ʊ with uː, or æ with ɑː
    differences in quality ( as tougue shape and
    position, and lip position) as well as in length.
    The symbols of long vowels consist of one
    vowels symbols plus a length mark of two
    dots “:”
    I:, o:, u:, a:
    I, a, u, ,,,..
    The length mark is important not because it is
    essential but because it helps learners to
    remember the length difference.
    /iː/ (e.g: beat, mean, peace) – the lips are only
    spread and this results in a rather different
    vowel quality
    /ɜː/ (e.g: bird, fefrn, purse) – the lip position
    is neutral
    /ɑː/ (e.g: card, half, pass) – the lip position is
    neutral
    /ɔː/ (e.g: board, torn, horse) – this vowel is
    almost fully back and has quite strong lip-
    rounding.
    /uː/ (e.g: food, soon, loose) – the lips are only
    moderately rounded

    Dipthongs 1. Pure vowel: a vowel which remains


    constant and does not glide
    2. Diphtongs: is the sounds which consist of a
    movement or glide from one vowel to
    another.
    In terms of length dipthongs are like the long
    vowels.
    8 common dipthongs
    e.g: ɪə, eɪ, əʊ, oʊ,..( though ʊə is increasingly
    rare)
    Remember:
    The first part of diphthongs is much tronger
    than the second part.
    e.g: hear /ɪə/ - ɪ : strong; ə: weak
    - the last part of English diphthongs must not
    be made too strongly.

    The easiest way to remember them is in the


    terms of three groups divided as in this
    diagram

    3. Centring diphthongs glide towards the ə


    vowel, as the symbols indicate.
    ɪə (e.g: “weird” – the starting point is a little
    closer than ɪ in “bit”)
    eə (e.g: “scare” – the starting point is more
    open than the e of “get”)
    ʊə (e.g: “tour” – the starting point similar to
    ʊ in “pull”; many speakers pronounce /ɔː/
    instead.
    4. Closing diphthongs: end with a glide
    towards a closer vowel. Because the second
    part is weak. The important thing is that a
    glide from a relatively more open towards a
    relatively closer vowel is produced.
    Three of the diphthongs glide towards ɪ
    eɪ (e.g: “pain” – the starting point is the
    same as the e of “get”)
    aɪ (e.g: “time” – The first part is open vowel;
    it is quite similar to the ʌ of “cut”)
    ɔɪ (e.g: “voice” – The first part is slightly
    more open than ɔː in “born”)
    Two dipghthongs glide towards ʊ ( the
    toungue move closer to the roof of the mouth
    + a rounding movement of the lips (not large
    one); the second part of the dipthong is weak.
    əʊ (e.g: “load” – The first part is the same as
    for the “schwa” vowel ə; as in the first
    syllable of “about” – The lips may be slightly
    rounded like ʊ )
    aʊ (e.g: “loud” – The first part is similar to aɪ;
    this is an open vowel so ʊ is a large
    movement and tounge often does not reach
    the ʊ position – The lips is only slight lip-
    rounding )

    3. Tripthongs 1. A triphthong is a glide from one vowel to


    another and then to a third
    2. All produced rapidly and without
    interruption.
    e.g: “hour” begin with similar to ɑ: - close
    rounded area of the ʊ position then ends with
    a mid-central vowel (schwa, ə)
    3. 5 closing diphthongs, with ə added on the
    end:

    4. In present-day English the extent of the


    vowel movement is very small, except in very
    careful pronunciation.
    + Tripthong can hardly be heard
    + Resulting sound is difficult to distinguish
    from some of the dipthongs and longvowels
    e.g: fire /faiə/ ‘hour’ - aʊǝ (likely to be heard
    as two syllables)
    7. To help identify these triphthong, some
    example words are given here:

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