Scribd
Upload
22 views

PCE Lecture 3 2 HeatTransfer TemperatureProfiles

The document discusses heat exchangers and temperature profiles of fluids flowing through them. It explains that temperature decreases along the length for fluids being cooled and increases for fluids being heated. Counter-current flow allows the cold fluid temperature to exceed the hot fluid temperature exiting. Cocurrent flow has more uniform wall temperatures while countercurrent flow allows for greater temperature change between fluids. The arrangement depends on the desired temperature difference and whether a fluid is undergoing phase change.

Uploaded by

Daniel Mark
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
22 views

PCE Lecture 3 2 HeatTransfer TemperatureProfiles

The document discusses heat exchangers and temperature profiles of fluids flowing through them. It explains that temperature decreases along the length for fluids being cooled and increases for fluids being heated. Counter-current flow allows the cold fluid temperature to exceed the hot fluid temperature exiting. Cocurrent flow has more uniform wall temperatures while countercurrent flow allows for greater temperature change between fluids. The arrangement depends on the desired temperature difference and whether a fluid is undergoing phase change.

Uploaded by

Daniel Mark
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

Principles of Chemical Engineering

Heat Transfer

Dr. M. Subramanian

Department of Chemical Engineering


SSN College of Engineering

July 16, 2021


Syllabus Contents

Flow arrangement in heat exchangers - Variation of Fluid


temperature in heat exchangers
Objectives

I To understand the variation of temperature of a fluid along


the length of its travel in a heat exchanger.

I To understand the role of flow arrangement of fluids in a heat


exchanger.
Heat Exchanger
A heat exchanger is a device that allows heat from one fluid to
pass to another fluid with a solid surface separating them.
Temperature Profile of a Fluid
Variation of temperature of a fluid along the length of a heat
exchanger is called as the temperature profile of a fluid.
I For a fluid that is getting cooled down, it’s temperature
decreses along the length. For a fluid that is getting heated
up, it’s temperature increses along the length.
I For a fluid undergoing phase change (such as boiling, or
condensation), there is no change of temperature along its
length.

T1 Coolin
g (T
I 1 > T2 )
T2
T Phase change (t1 > t2 )
t1 I t2

Length
Temperature Profiles
Co-Current Flow

Tc,out , cannot exceed Th,out .


T1

Temperature I
T2
t2
I

t1

Length

Cocurrent flow
Temperature Profiles
Counter-Current Flow

Tc,out , out can exceed Th,out .


T1

t2
I Temperature
cross
T2
Temperature

t1

Length

Countercurrent flow
Thermodynamic Violation!

T1

t2 I

J
t1
Temperature

T2

Length
Temperature Profiles with Phase Change
Condenser
Temperature Profiles with Phase Change
Boiler
Cocurrent Arrangement

T1
I T2
I t2
t1

I With cocurrent flow, the wall temperatures throughout the


exchanger will be more uniform than with other flow patterns.
I When the goal is to end up with two fluids that have a
relatively insignificant temperature gap, a parallel flow may be
the ideal solution.
I The dramatic temperature difference at the inlet can cause
thermal stress, which may result in vibrations that lead to
equipment damage.
Countercurrent Arrangement

T1
I
t2 T2
J
t1

I This flow pattern allows for the greatest temperature change


between fluids. The cold-fluid can reach the hottest
temperature of the hot-fluid since it exits at the end where
the hot-fluid enters.
I Since the temperature difference is more consistent, the heat
exchange rate is also more consistent throughout the
exchanger.
Comparison between Co-current and Counter-current

I Since higher mean ∆T between the fluids is possible with


countercurrent, this arrangement leads to the requirement of
reduced heat exchanger size in comparison to cocurrent.

I To achieve greater heat recovery, a counter-current design is


preferred to that of a co-current design.

I If we want to ensure that the temperature of the cold fluid


never exceeds a particular temperature, then co-current
exchanger designs are advantageous.

I Suppose one of the two interacting fluids is undergoing a


phase change due to the heat transfer (e.g.: condensation of
saturated steam), then both designs are identical.
Quiz
1. Refrigerant circulating in the household refrigerator changes it
state from superheated vapor to saturated liquid upon passing
through condenser coils by exchanging its heat with the
ambient air. Draw the temperature profiles for the refrigerant
and the ambient air.
2. Temperature profile for a infinitely long heat exchanger is given
below.

0 ∞
Heat exchanger length −→
What is the nature of flow of fluids? i.e., cocurrent /
countercurrent ?

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy