Makerting Project
Makerting Project
5/15/2023 Behavior on
Purchase of
Laptops
Project on Consumer Buying Behavior
I would like to express my gratitude to Mr. Indra Kumar Shrestha for providing this
opportunity to work on this research. I would like to acknowledge the participants who
generously gave their time and effort in participating in this study. Additionally, I would like
to give thanks to everyone who provided me with support and guidance throughout this
research.
Saviya Maharjan
Roll No: 7
May 2023
I
ABSTRACT
This research project aims to investigate the factors that influence consumer behavior when
purchasing laptops. The study will employ both quantitative and qualitative research methods
to collect data from a sample of laptop buyers. The research will focus on understanding the
role of product features, brand, price, and other variables in the decision-making process. The
findings of this research will provide valuable insights into the consumer decision-making
process and inform marketing strategies for laptop manufacturers and retailers.
II
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This research project aims to investigate the consumer behavior patterns in the purchase of
laptops. The study will use a mixed-method approach that will involve both quantitative and
qualitative data collection methods to obtain a comprehensive understanding of consumer
preferences, motivations, and decision-making processes.
The research will cover a broad range of variables, including demographic factors,
psychographic factors, perceived benefits, price sensitivity, brand loyalty, product features,
and environmental concerns. The data collection methods will include surveys with laptop
buyers.
The research findings are expected to contribute to the understanding of consumer behavior
in the purchase of laptops and inform marketing strategies for laptop manufacturers and
retailers.
III
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT......................................................................................................................I
ABSTRACT..........................................................................................................................................II
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..................................................................................................................III
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................1
1.1 Definition of Consumer Behavior..........................................................................................1
1.2 Importance of Consumer Behavior........................................................................................1
1.3 Reasons for introducing a model of Consumer Buying Behavior..........................................2
1.4 Major Influencing Factors on Consumer Behavior................................................................3
1.4.1 Economic Factor:..................................................................................................................3
1.4.2 Personal Factor.....................................................................................................................3
1.4.3 Social Factor.........................................................................................................................4
1.4.4 Psychological Factor.............................................................................................................4
1.5 Buying Decision Process.......................................................................................................5
1.6 Importance of Branding.........................................................................................................6
1.7 Brand Awareness and its effect on consumer buying.............................................................7
1.8 Perceived Quality and its effect on consumer buying behavior.............................................8
1.8.1. What is perceived quality?.............................................................................................8
1.8.2. Perceived quality effect on consumer buying.................................................................8
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.............................................................................................10
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY..................................................................................11
3.1 Research Objectives...................................................................................................................11
3.1.1. Primary objectives.............................................................................................................11
3.1.2. Secondary Objectives.......................................................................................................11
3.2 Sample Design...........................................................................................................................11
CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION..........................................................12
CHAPTER 5: FINDINGS...................................................................................................................14
CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION............................................................................................................15
CHAPTER 7: RECOMMENDATION................................................................................................16
REFERENCES....................................................................................................................................17
APPENDIX.........................................................................................................................................18
Questionnaire...................................................................................................................................18
List of Participants:..........................................................................................................................20
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Consumer behavior refers to the actions and decisions that consumers make when
purchasing goods or services. It involves the study of how people choose what to buy,
where to buy it, how much to pay for it, and why they make those choices.
Consumer behavior is the actions and decisions that people or households make when
they choose, buy, use, and dispose of a product or service.
Consumer behavior can be defined as the totality of consumers’ decisions with respect
to the acquisition, consumption, and disposition of goods, services, time, and ideas by
human decision making units.
The consumer behavior has a huge impact on the organization’s marketing strategies.
The importance of consumer behavior are:
ii. Helpful for businesses who want to expand their reach into new markets or
demographics.
iii. Helps the companies identify the right combination of product, price, place,
and promotion.
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1.3 Reasons for introducing a model of Consumer Buying Behavior
There are several reasons for introducing a model of consumer buying behavior,
including:
5. Increasing sales and revenue: A model of consumer buying behavior can help
businesses to identify opportunities to increase sales and revenue by
developing products and services that are in line with customer needs and
preferences.
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1.4 Major Influencing Factors on Consumer Behavior
The economic condition of a consumer effect its purchasing decision and choice of a
specific brand or product. There are several economic factors including Personal
Income, Family income, Income expectations, Savings, Consumer credit and other
economic factors. The economic situation of the nation also tend to influence the
consumer behavior. Consumers react to most of the change in the economic situation
around them by changing their consumption. People become scared to spend and too
careful with what they do with their money. The whole buying process can be
changed from being a more limited decision-making buying behavior to become an
extensive decision-making buying behavior.
Personal factors can also affect the consumer behavior. The personal factor consists of
age & stages of life cycle, occupation, personality, lifestyle and values which affects
the consumer buying behavior.
Consumer buying behavior is always dynamic and change at the different stages of
age and different stages of life cycle or different stages of relationship. A person
changes the taste of buying goods at different ages of life.
Occupation is a part of personal factor which affect the consumer buying behavior.
Companies should focus on occupation of consumer during the making of pricing of a
product or develop a product. A consumer occupation affects its buying behavior
towards any goods or services.
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Lifestyle of a person create a different image in the society. A customer doesn’t buy
only a product, he buys a lifestyle as well. The companies can take the advantages
from the study of consumer lifestyle. The companies can make the marketing strategy
after the study of consumer’s lifestyle.
The social factor is one of the most affected factor which effect on consumer buying
behavior. The social factor includes the group, social network, online social network
and family of a person. The word-of-mouth is also a part of social factor which
influenced the consumer buying behavior. The word-of-mouth is the strongest factor
which influence the consumer buying behavior. A person can influence more by
his/her family or friends rather than the other persons such as salesperson of a
company and so on. Nowadays, the peoples are more spending time on online social
media and they also enhance the social network. These factors act as major
influencing factors on consumer behavior.
The psychological factor also affects the consumer buying behavior. It is also known
as internal factor. The psychological factor includes four factors motivation,
perception, learning and belief.
Every person has different needs such as physiological needs, biological needs, social
needs etc. The nature of the needs is that, some of them are most pressing while others
are least pressing. Therefore a need becomes a motive when it is more pressing to
direct the person to seek satisfaction.
Perception is the action of the motivation. When a motivated person gives a good
response in favor of the product then the perception towards that product called
positive perception. If a motivated person gives a bad response for any product then
the perception towards that product called negative perception. Perception is the most
important part of the psychological factor. The companies should clear its product
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specification and companies should focus on creating a positive perception of the
products.
Customer possesses specific belief and attitude towards various products. Since such
beliefs and attitudes make up brand image and affect consumer buying behavior
therefore marketers are interested in them. Marketers can change the beliefs and
attitudes of customers by launching special campaigns in this regard.
i. Need Recognition: Need Recognition is the first stage of the buying decision
process. It appears when the consumer recognizes a perceptible and big
enough difference between the actual level of satisfaction of a certain need and
the amount of satisfaction that he longs for. In the need recognition, the
companies can find out the need of the consumer and creates marketing
strategies
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iii. Evaluation of Alternatives: After information research and the identification of
possible alternatives, the consumer goes to the next phase of the decision
buying process, the evaluation of the existent alternatives. The identification
of the attributes is the first aspect of the evaluation process. The second aspect
in the evaluation of alternatives is the consumer’s beliefs and attitudes. The
beliefs about the attributes and benefits of a product influence the consumer’s
buying decision. If the companies understand the evaluation process of
consumer then the companies can take the benefit from the consumer
evaluation of alternatives process.
iv. Purchase Decision: This is the fourth stage of consumer buying decision-
making process. The consumer has decided to buy a product after collecting
information from several sources, evaluate it and decided for the where to
purchase and what to purchase. Consumer purchase the brand or product
which he/she gives the highest rank in the evaluation stage.
v. Post- purchase behavior: The buying decision process does not end with the
purchase decision, but with the post-purchase evaluation. In this phase, the
consumer analyses the extent to which his purchase decision was good or not
which depends in the relationship between the consumer’s expectations and
the product’s perceived performance. If the consumer expectation meets the
product which he/she perceived, then consumer may satisfy. If the consumer
expectation does not meet the product which he/she perceived, then consumer
will dissatisfy.
The function and art of branding is a major contributor to the success of a product or
service sold by the company that markets it. Branding plays a crucial role in
marketing, and some of the reasons are as follows:
1. Builds brand recognition and awareness: Effective branding helps your target
audience to recognize your brand and remember it.
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2. Enhances customer loyalty: Consistent branding that resonates with your
customers will help to increase customer loyalty and encourage repeat
purchases.
4. Increases perceived value: Effective branding can increase the perceived value
of your products or services, allowing you to charge higher prices.
5. Attracts new customers: A strong brand can help you to attract new customers,
especially when they are recommended by your satisfied customers.
Brand awareness is the fundamental and foremost limitation in any brand related
search. Brand awareness refers to the degree to which consumers are familiar with
and recognize a particular brand. When a consumer is going to buy something he
considers a brand. It is an important factor in consumer buying behavior as it can
influence their decision-making process. Some the ways that brand awareness can
affect consumer buying are:
2. Trust and credibility: When consumers are aware of a brand, they may
perceive it as more trustworthy and credible. This can give them more
confidence in their purchasing decision.
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4. Decision-making process: Brand awareness can also impact the consumer's
decision-making process by influencing their consideration set. Consumers
may be more likely to consider a brand they are aware of when making a
purchase decision.
Perceived quality can have a significant impact on consumer buying behavior. When
consumers perceive a product or service to be of high quality, they are more likely to
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purchase it and become loyal customers. Here are some ways that perceived quality
can affect consumer buying:
2. Higher price tolerance: Consumers may be willing to pay a higher price for a
product or service that they perceive to be of higher quality. This is because
they may believe that the product or service is worth the extra cost.
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CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
Wahida Farzana (2012) this study is to explore how consumers’ psychological factors
(Motivation, perception, and attitude) are associated with brand equity (brand loyalty,
brand association, perceived quality, and brand awareness) of laptop. The result
revealed that, consumers’ motivation to use laptop and brand association criteria work
separately. They consider battery lifetime (brand association) as important feature
while satisfying those purposes.
Annamalai Solayappan, Jothi Jayakrishnan (2010) their research showed that branded
laptop play a prestigious role in the consumer segment. Due to the computer world
everything is in the hands of the consumer. Everything in the world seems to be
digital will try to safeguard the competitive race. So, the various factors discussed
may determine the consumer to purchase branded computers.
Mr. Thanaphat. Huansuriya (2003) study about the factor determining choice of
buying laptop. The finding indicates that the major factor stipulating consumes choose
are gender, term of payment, price of the computer, income and occupation.
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CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
For this study students as well as adults were selected using convenience sampling.
The sample size selected was 50. Self-administered questionnaires were given to
respondents through email and Facebook.
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CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
The purpose of this data analysis and interpretation is to gain insight into the behavior
of consumers when purchasing laptops. The data was collected from a survey of 50
individuals in different demographic groups. The survey focused on the factors that
influence laptop purchasing decisions, including brand, price, features, and marketing.
Data Analysis
Demographics:
The survey respondents were diverse in terms of age, income, education, and
occupation. The age group with the highest representation was between 18-25 years.
In terms of income, the majority earned between Rs. 20,000- 80,000 annually. The
highest education level attained by most respondents was a Bachelor's degree
(53.8%). The majority of respondents were employed full-time, and the remaining
were either students.
Brand:
When asked about their preferred laptop brand, the majority (40%) chose a brand
based on its reputation and quality. 30% chose a brand based on price, and 30% based
on features.
Price:
When asked about the effect of price on their decision to purchase a laptop, the
majority (45.5%) were of the view that price is not their main priority. 18.2% of the
people were willing to go for lower price while others were neutral about the price.
Though, people were more likely to purchase laptops when provided with additional
discount and offers.
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Features:
The features that were most important to respondents were processing speed, battery
life and storage capacity. Other features, such as touchscreen and physical looks were
less important to respondents.
Marketing:
When asked about the marketing channels that influence their laptop purchasing
decisions, the majority chose recommendations from friends and family. Others were
influenced by ads on social media and their personal experiences.
Data interpretation
Based on the data analysis, we can infer that consumers consider brand reputation and
quality as the most important factors when purchasing a laptop. Price was also an
important factor, with consumers willing to pay average prices for a laptop and when
provided with discounts and offers.. Processing speed, battery life, and storage
capacity were the most important features for consumers when selecting a laptop.
Online reviews and recommendations from friends and family were the most
influential marketing channels for laptop purchases, indicating that consumers rely
heavily on social proof when making decisions. Ads on social media and traditional
marketing also played had less impact in purchase of laptops.
Conclusion
The data analysis and interpretation suggest that laptop manufacturers should focus on
building a strong brand reputation and quality, while also offering competitive pricing
and focusing on key features such as processing speed, battery life, and storage
capacity. Online reviews and recommendations from friends and family are crucial
marketing channels that should be leveraged to increase brand awareness and drive
sales. By understanding these consumer behaviors and preferences, laptop
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manufacturers can develop targeted marketing strategies to improve their sales and
grow their market share.
CHAPTER 5: FINDINGS
The findings on consumer behavior regarding the purchase of laptops suggest that
there are several factors that influence their decision-making process. Here are some
key insights:
1. Price: The price of the laptop is a crucial factor for consumers when making a
purchasing decision. They tend to compare the price of different models before
making a final decision.
3. Features and specifications: Consumers look for laptops with specific features
and specifications, such as processor speed, RAM, and storage. They also
consider factors like battery life, and design.
5. Demographics: Age, gender, and income can also affect consumer behavior when
purchasing a laptop. Younger consumers tend to prefer laptops with high
performance and features, while older consumers may prioritize reliability and
ease of use.
Overall, the findings suggest that consumers consider a variety of factors when
purchasing a laptop, and the decision-making process can be influenced by factors
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such as brand reputation, price, features and specifications, and online reviews and
recommendations.
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CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION
After analyzing the consumer behavior on the purchase of laptops, it can be concluded
that several factors influence a consumer's decision to buy a laptop. These factors may
include the brand, price, features, design, durability, and customer service, among
others.
Therefore, companies that produce laptops must understand their target audience and
develop products that meet their specific needs and preferences. Effective marketing
strategies that focus on the unique selling proposition of the product, such as
emphasizing the latest technology or superior customer service, can also help to
influence the consumer's purchase decision.
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CHAPTER 7: RECOMMENDATION
Based on the analysis of consumer behavior on the purchase of laptops, here are some
recommendations for companies that produce laptops:
3. Focus on product design and features: Consumers place great importance on the
design and features of a laptop, especially the latest technology. Therefore,
companies should focus on developing innovative designs and features that set
them apart from their competitors.
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REFERENCES
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APPENDIX
Questionnaire
Consumer Information:
Name:
Sex:
Age:
Education:
Occupation:
Income:
Product Information:
1. Which brand?
4. I buy mostly from the shop which is located where transportation or transiting is
easier (access convenience).
5. I buy mostly from the shop where the needed items can easily be located (search
convenience).
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List of Participants:
1. Sylvia Maharjan
2. Shristika Maharjan
3. Dhan Shakya
4. Jean Raven Ranjitkar
5. Bandana Timalsina
6. Shailendra Ranjitkar
7. Simita Ranjit
8. Sudan Maharjan
9. Nischal Bk
10. Robin Ranjitkar
11. Shashwat Ranjitkar
12. Lasta Bajracharya
13. Chandra Bahadur Ranjitkar
14. Smarika Shrestha
15. Indra Kumar Shrestha
16. Rupesh Shrestha
17. Mary Garampil
18. Shanti Shrestha
19. Krishna Rathore
20. Mahesh Shakya
21. Aien Longkumster
22. Mrityunjaya Bhandari
23. Kritisha Shrestha
24. Bhanupriya Kumpawat
25. Nishan Shrestha
26. Anish Maharjan
27. Prayash Maharjan
28. Sarun Maharjan
29. Shreeya Shrestha
Few other participants have chosen to stay anonymous.
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