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    ELP101

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    Jalagam
    The document describes an experiment to determine the equivalent circuit parameters of a transformer using open circuit, short circuit, and resistance tests. Key parameters such as R0, X0, R1, and X1 were obtained from the open and short circuit tests. Test connections and observations were detailed. Calculations were shown to find the absolute parameters of the transformer: R0=796.9 Ω, X0=1189.5 Ω, R1=2.025 Ω, X1=1.644 Ω. Potential sources of error and precautions were also noted.

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    ELP101

    Uploaded by

    Jalagam
    73 views10 pages
    The document describes an experiment to determine the equivalent circuit parameters of a transformer using open circuit, short circuit, and resistance tests. Key parameters such as R0, X0, R1, and X1 were obtained from the open and short circuit tests. Test connections and observations were detailed. Calculations were shown to find the absolute parameters of the transformer: R0=796.9 Ω, X0=1189.5 Ω, R1=2.025 Ω, X1=1.644 Ω. Potential sources of error and precautions were also noted.

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    ELP101(1)

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    The document describes an experiment to determine the equivalent circuit parameters of a transformer using open circuit, short circuit, and resistance tests. Key parameters such as R0, X0, R1, and X1 were obtained from the open and short circuit tests. Test connections and observations were detailed. Calculations were shown to find the absolute parameters of the transformer: R0=796.9 Ω, X0=1189.5 Ω, R1=2.025 Ω, X1=1.644 Ω. Potential sources of error and precautions were also noted.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    73 views10 pages

    ELP101

    Uploaded by

    Jalagam
    The document describes an experiment to determine the equivalent circuit parameters of a transformer using open circuit, short circuit, and resistance tests. Key parameters such as R0, X0, R1, and X1 were obtained from the open and short circuit tests. Test connections and observations were detailed. Calculations were shown to find the absolute parameters of the transformer: R0=796.9 Ω, X0=1189.5 Ω, R1=2.025 Ω, X1=1.644 Ω. Potential sources of error and precautions were also noted.

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    ELP101

    EXPERIMENT 7
    AJMEERA GAGAN NAIK
    2022TT12208
    GROUP-8

    Aim:
    Obtain equivalent circuit parameters of transformer by:
    1. Open Circuit test
    2. Short Circuit test
    3. Resistance Measurement test
    Apparatus:
    1. 1- Phase transformer of identical ratings
    2. 1- Phase Auto Transformer
    3. Low Power Factor Wattmeter
    4. AC Ammeter
    5. AC Voltmeter

    General Theory:
    A transformer is an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two
    or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. A varying current in one
    coil of the transformer produces a varying magnetic field, which in turn induces
    a voltage in a second coil. The equivalent circuit of a single phase transformer
    can be approximately represented as shown below:
    The parameters R0 and X0 are determined by conducting the Open Circuit (O.C.)
    Test
    The parameters R1 and X1 are determined by conducting the Short Circuit (S.C.)
    Test.

    Equivalent Circuit Parameters:


    The four parameters of the equivalent circuit are R0, X0, R1 and X1
    R0 and X0 are obtained from O.C. test and R1 and X1 are obtained from the
    S.C. test as follows:
    From OC test:
    No load PF (cosΦ0) = W0/V0I0
    IW = I0 cosΦ0
    Iµ = I0 sinΦ0
    R0 =V0/IW
    X0 = V0/Iµ
    From SC test:
    Total impedance referred to secondary side Z2 = VSC / ISC
    R2 =WSC/ISC2^2
    X2^2 = Z2^2 – R2^2

    Setup:
    Open Circuit Test:
    Short Circuit Test:

    Observations:
    OPEN CIRCUIT TEST
    Wattmeter at 150V, Multiplying Factor = 1
    Connection B1 – B2
    S Voltage Applied Voc Current Drawn Power Input Woc
    no Ioc
    1 60.42V 0.17A 12W
    2 240V 0.20A 39.2W

    Readings for the first case (60.42V)


    POWER INPUT:

    CURRENT READING:
    Readings for the second case (240V)

    POWER INPUT:
    SHORT CIRCUIT TEST
    Wattmeter at 300V, Multiplying Factor = 1
    Connection B1 – B2
    S NO VOLTAGE APPLIED CURRENT POWER
    Vsc DRAWN Isc INPUT Wsc
    1 13.6V 5.12A 60W
    2 8.86V 3.37A 20W

    Readings for the first case (11.77V)


    Calculations:
    FOR OPEN CIRCUIT TEST
    S NO APPLIED CURRENT( POWER cosΦo sinΦo IW(A) Iµ(A) RO(Ω) XO(Ω)
    VOLTAGE A) INPUT(W
    (V) )

    1 60.42 0.17A 12W 1.046 0.707 0.199 0.12 303.6 503.5


    V
    2 240V 0.20A 39.2 0.932 0.637 0.186 0.128 1290.3 1875
    W
    AV 0.989 1.344 0.192 0.124 796.9 1189.5
    G

    cosΦo = 0.989
    sinΦo = 1.344
    IW = 0.192
    Iµ =0.124
    RO =796.9
    XO = 1189.5
    FOR SHORT CIRCUIT TEST
    S NO APPLIED CURREN POWER Z2 (Ω) R2 (Ω) X2 (Ω)
    VOLTAGE( T INPUT(W)
    V)
    1 13.6 5.12 60 2.65 2.29 1.348
    2 8.86 3.37 20 2.62 1.76 1.940
    AVG 2.635 2.025 1.644
    R1 = R2(n1/n2)2 =2.025
    Similarly, X1 = X2(n1/n2)2 =1.644
    Conclusion:
    From the above experiment, we have been able to calculate the various
    circuit parameters of a real transformer using the open circuit and the short
    circuit tests.

    For the given transformer, we calculated the absolute parameters as follows


    R0=796.9 Ω
    X0 = 1189.5 Ω
    R1 = 2.025 Ω
    R2 = 2.025 Ω,
    X1 =1.644Ω
    X2= 1.644Ω

    Sources of Error:

    1. Scale of multimeter/DSO not appropriate for measurements


    2. Loose Connections
    3. Resistance of wires not considered and giving rise to inconsistency
    due to increase in resistance due to heating.
    4. Change in the connections while circuit is closed.

    Precautions:
    1. Make the connections neat and tight
    2. Dont leave the switch on for long continuous periods of time
    3. Wear proper shoes and use insulated tools

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