Aitm 1.0010 Cai
Aitm 1.0010 Cai
Aitm 1.0010 Cai
AITM1-0010
Issue 3
Page 1 of 15
October 2005
AITM
Airbus Test Method
Contents
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Definitions
6 Apparatus
7 Test specimen
8 Procedure
9 Presentation of results
10 Test report
1 Scope
This Airbus specification defines a method to determine the low speed impact resistance characteristics of fibre
reinforced plastics. The method measures material response to a specific set of impact parameters to allow
comparison between materials. This specification is applicable to laminates manufactured from unidirectional or
woven fabric reinforcement.
It shall be applied when mentioned in the relevant standard, material specification, process specification, drawing,
order or inspection schedule.
2 Normative references
This Airbus specification incorporates by dated or undated reference provisions from other publications. All
normative references cited at the appropriate places in the text are listed hereafter. For dated references,
subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this Airbus specification only when
incorporated in it by amendment of revision. For undated references, the latest issue of the publication referred to
shall be applied.
AITM 6-0011 Airbus Test Method – Non Destructive Inspection of Composite Parts
AITM 6-4002 Airbus Test Method – Ultrasonic through transmission Inspection of fibre composite
AITM 6-4005 Airbus Test Method – Ultrasonic pulse-echo inspection of fibre composites
EN 2374 Aerospace series - Glass fibre reinforced mouldings and sandwich composites.
Production of test panels.
EN 2760 Aerospace series - Steel FE-PL78 – 1760 ≤ Rm ≤ 2000 MPa – Bar De ≤ 75 mm
EN 2565 Aerospace series - Preparation of carbon fibre reinforced resin panels for test
purposes.
EN 2823 Aerospace series - Fibre reinforced plastics - Determination of the effect of exposure
to humid atmosphere on physical and mechanical characteristics.
ISO 2818 Plastics - Preparation of test specimens by machining.
ISO 7500-1 Metallic materials - Verification of static uniaxial testing machines
Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines - Verification and calibration of the
force-measuring system.
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this standard the following definitions apply.
4.1 General
Specimens are subjected to impact at a defined range of impact energies and the compression strength after
impact measured.
Note: 1mm dent depth will typically cause 0.3mm dent depth after relaxation.
Title
Number of Specification
Sequential number
6 Apparatus
The calibration of equipment shall be undertaken in accordance with the equipment supplier, a recognised
standard or as detailed within this test method.
6.1 Test machine calibrated to Class1 of ISO 7500-1 and accurate to within 1% in the relevant load range.
6.2 Chamber compatible with the machine to permit tests at specified temperatures. The chamber temperature
shall be controllable to ± 3°C.
6.4 Thermocouple, accurate to the nearest 1°C, with recorder for determination of the test temperature for tests at
temperatures other than ambient.
6.5 Flat faced micrometer with 5 mm to 7 mm diameter faces, accurate to ± 0.01 mm.
6.7 Impact machine: drop weight impact tester with accuracy on the height of drop: ± 5mm, capable of capturing
the impactor after the first impact so that a restrike cannot occur (see figure 4).
6.9 Depth gauge with hemispherical adapter, diameter 3 mm and calibrated to within 0.01 mm.
6.10 Compression tool (see figure 6 and figure 7). The compression tool shall introduce the load by end loading.
Load transfer through the anti-buckling side guides shall be kept to a minimum.
6.11 Vacuum bag sealant (or similar) to isolate the thermocouple from the chamber atmosphere during tests at
temperatures other than ambient.
6.12 Strain gauges and suitable automatic strain recording equipment shall be employed for calibration of the
compression loading tool.
7 Test specimen
– One specimen for each of the 6 energy levels defined in section 8.3;
The number of specimens shall be the same whatever conditioning is applied (see section 8.1).
8 Procedure
– Impact 9 specimens at the energies defined in section 8.3, measure and record the corresponding dent depths
as defined in section 8.4.
– Impact the remaining three specimens at E1mm, measure and record dent depth.
– Measure and record dent depth again on conditioned specimens after conditioning.
– Secure the specimen to a flat mounting plate using four snap fasteners as shown in figure 4 and 5. This leaves
a clear central window of 75mm ± 0.2 mm x 125mm ± 0.2 mm.
– Set the drop height according to the selected impact energy (see formula 9.1). The drop height shall be
greater than 0.5 m. The impactor mass shall be adjusted to deliver the energy levels with an impact velocity ≤
15 m/s.
The first specimen is to be impacted at an energy of 50 J, and the corresponding dent depth measured.
• If this dent depth is greater than 1.0mm, the remaining specimens are to be impacted at one specimen
per energy level of 10, 15, 20, 25 and 40J; and three specimens at 30J.
• If this dent depth is less than 1.0mm, the remaining specimens are to be impacted at one specimen
per energy level of 20, 25, 40, 60 and 70J; and three specimens at 30J.
Each specimen shall receive only one impact. Bouncing shall be prevented using a suitable device.
– Measure the depth gauge value at the deepest part of the dent, dmax
– Measure the depth gauge value on 4 points as shown in figure 3, d1, d2, d3, d4 and calculate the mean dmean.
For specimens that have been conditioned, measure the dent depth again after conditioning.
When the maximum measured dent depth plotted on the curve is less than 1.0mm, a suitable extrapolation curve
may be used to determine E1mm up to a value of 77J, providing the extrapolation curve has a confidence level (R-
squared value) of at least 80%.
Subject three specimens to impact with energy E1mm; measure and record the dent depths
Carry out ultrasonic inspection to assess the damage according to AITM 6-0011 and AITM 6-4002 or AITM 6-4005.
Record delaminated area, maximum length, and maximum width. The default attenuation level used to assess the
delaminated area is 6dB.
8.7 Conditioning
The conditioning is carried out after impact. Unless otherwise defined by the specification invoking the test, the
specimens shall be tested at (23 ± 2)°C.
‘Hot Wet’ specimens shall be conditioned in accordance with EN 2823 and be tested within 4 hours of removal from
the conditioning chamber or from the sealed container used to avoid any decrease in water uptake.
For all conditioned specimens, the dent depth shall be measured and recorded again after completion of
conditioning.
Place the specimen in the tool and clamp the top and bottom ends . The clamping force must be sufficient to
ensure a valid failure mode (see section 8.11). The side supports must be positioned in contact with the specimen
in order to stabilize it without excessive friction during loading.
Select the range of loads so that failure occurs between 20% and 80% scale.
Select a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min.
Note the Break Failure Load (Pr).
Record the curve load versus time.
If a different dwell period prior to test is used, this time shall also be stated in the test report.
Follow the same procedure specified at section 8.9 for testing at ambient.
The typical failure mode following compression testing is obtained when the failure occurs through the impact
damage.
Failure within 10 mm from the top or bottom of the specimen (loaded ends) is invalid.
Other failure modes shall be reported and documented with appropriate drawing or picture.
9 Presentation of results
9.3 Normalised compression strength after impact at a specific impact energy level E
σr n (E) = Pr / w.t n (MPa)
10 Test report
The test report shall refer to this test method and shall include at least the following:
10.1 Complete identification of the material tested, including at least: material designation, manufacturer/supplier,
batch number, roll number or other identification system, fibre areal weight, filament count, processing
details, laminate configuration, test orientation.
10.4 Conditioning (including temperature, humidity, saturation level, start date, finish date) and/or further
treatments prior to testing
10.6 Test facilities and identification of individuals performing the test work
– observed impact damage area detailing extent of visible fibre breakage, delamination and indentation on both
faces of the specimen,
– full scale NDT image or dimensional drawing illustrating extent of the delamination area including overall
length and width
10.9 Curve of initial dent depth versus energy and curve of dent depth after conditioning versus energy for
conditioned specimens
10.12 Any incident which may have affected the results and any deviation from this standard.
=
t1
=
t2
=
= t3
= = = =
W1 W2 W3
Figure 1 - Determination of specimen dimensions
D
r
Figure 2 – Impactor
// 0.02
0.02 25 ± 0.5
25 ± 0.5
90°
0°
100 ± 0.2
0.2
4 strain gauges
20
//
20
25 ± 0.5
25 ± 0.5
150 ± 0.2
0.02
// 0.02
Points used as reference for the measurement of the dent depth (see section 8.4)
3
1
2 4
7 5
h
6
1. Release system 9
2. Guide tube
3. Impactor (see figure 2)
4. Support beam 10
5. Specimen (see figure 3)
6. Steel base, thickness: 20 mm 11
7. Anti-bounce device
8. Rubbers
6
9. Guide pins
10. Window 75 mm x 125 mm
11. Clamping system
63
Radius :
from 0.5 mm to 2 mm
specimen
3-unsupported area
1-Bottom Clamp area depth depth < 10 mm and
from 5 mm to 10 mm width < 10 mm
RECORD OF REVISIONS
Clause
Issue Description of modification
modified
1 New Standard
2 all revision
06/94
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