R18 B.TECH CIVIL ENGG.

III YEAR

CE602PC: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

B.Tech. III Year II Sem. L T/P/D C

3 0/0/0 3

Course Objectives: This subject provides the knowledge of water sources, water treatment, design of
distribution system waste water treatment, and safe disposal methods. The topics of characteristics of
waste water, sludge digestion are also included.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
 Assess characteristics of water and wastewater and their impacts
 Estimate quantities of water and waste water and plan conveyance components
 Design components of water and waste water treatment plants
 Be conversant with issues of air pollution and control

UNIT – I
Introduction: Waterborne diseases – protected water supply – Population forecasts, design period –
types of water demand – factors affecting – fluctuations – fire demand – water quality and testing –
drinking water standards: sources of water - Comparison from quality and quantity and other
considerations – intakes – infiltration galleries.

UNIT – II
Layout and general outline of water treatment units – sedimentation – principles – design factors –
coagulation-flocculation clarifier design – coagulants - feeding arrangements. Filtration – theory –
working of slow and rapid gravity filters – multimedia filters – design of filters – troubles in operation -
comparison of filters – disinfection – theory of chlorination, chlorine demand - other disinfection
practices–Design of distribution systems–pipe appurtenances.

UNIT - III
characteristics of sewage –waste water collection–Estimation of waste water and storm water –
decomposition of sewage, examination of sewage – B.O.D. Equation – C.O.D. Design of sewers –
shapes and materials – sewer appurtenances, manholes – inverted siphon – catch basins – flushing
tanks – ejectors, pumps and pump houses – house drainage – plumbing requirements – sanitary
fittings-traps – one pipe and two pipe systems of plumbing – ultimate disposal of sewage – sewage
farming –self-purification of rivers.

UNIT – IV
Waste water treatment plant – Flow diagram - primary treatment Design of screens – grit chambers –
skimming tanks – sedimentation tanks – principles of design – Biological treatment – trickling filters –
ASP– Construction and design of oxidation ponds. Sludge digestion – factors effecting – design of
Digestion tank – Sludge disposal by drying – septic tanks working principles and design – soak pits.

UNIT – V
Air pollution– classification of air pollution– Effects air pollution–Global effects–Meteorological
parameters affecting air pollution–Atmospheric stability–Plume behavior –Control of particulates –
Gravity settlers, cyclone filters, ESPs–Control of gaseous pollutants–automobile pollution and control.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Environmental Engineering by H. S Peavy, D. R. Rowe, G. Tchobanoglous, McGraw Hill
Education (India) Pvt Ltd, 2014
2. Environmental Engineering by D. P. Sincero and G.A Sincero, Pearson 2015.
3. Environmental Engineering, I and II by BC Punmia, Std. Publications.
 R18 B.TECH CIVIL ENGG. III YEAR

4. Environmental Engineering, I and II by SK Garg, Khanna Publications.

5. Environmental Pollution and Control Engineering CS Rao,Wiley Publications

REFERENCES:
1. Water and Waste Water Technology by Steel, Wiley
2. Waste water engineering by Metcalf and Eddy, McGraw Hill, 2015.
3. Water and Waste Water Engineering by Fair Geyer and Okun, Wiley, 2011
4. Water and Waste Water Technology by Mark J Hammar and Mark J. Hammar Jr.Wiley, 2007.
5. Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science by Gilbert Masters, Prentice
Hall, New Jersey.
6. Introduction to Environmental Engineering by P. Aarne Vesilind, Susan M. Morgan,
Thompson /Brooks/Cole; Second Edition 2008.
7. Integrated Solid Waste Management, Tchobanoglous, Theissen & Vigil. McGraw Hill
Publication
 R18 B.TECH CIVIL ENGG. III YEAR

CE603PC: FOUNDATION ENGINEERING

B.Tech. III Year II Sem. L T/P/D C
3 0/0/0 3
Course Objectives:
 To Plan Soil exploration programme for civil Engineering Projects
 To check the stability of slopes
 To determine the lateral earth pressures and design retaining walls
 To determine the Bearing capacity of Soil
 To design pile group foundation

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will able to
 understand the principles and methods of Geotechnical Exploration
 decide the suitability of soils and check the stability of slopes
 calculate lateral earth pressures and check the stability of retaining walls
 analyse and design the shallow and deep foundations

UNIT – I
SOIL EXPLORATION: Need – methods of soil exploration – boring and sampling methods –
penetration tests – plate load test– planning of soil exploration programme, Bore logs and preparation
of soil investigation report.

UNIT – II
SLOPE STABILITY: Infinite and finite earth slopes – types of failures – factor of safety of infinite slopes
– stability analysis by Swedish slip circle method, method of slices, Bishop’s Simplified method of slices
– Taylor’s Stability Number- stability of slopes of earth dams under different conditions.

UNIT – III
EARTH PRESSURE THEORIES: Active, Passive and at rest soil pressures Rankine’s theory of earth
pressure – earth pressures in layered soils – Coulomb’s earth pressure theory.

RETAINING WALLS: Types of retaining walls – stability of gravity and cantilever retaining walls against
overturning, sliding and, bearing capacity, filter material for drainage.

UNIT – IV
SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS - Types - choice of foundation – location and depth - safe bearing capacity
– shear criteria – Terzaghi’s, and IS code methods - settlement criteria – allowable bearing pressure
based on SPT N value and plate load test – allowable settlements of structures.

UNIT - V
PILE FOUNDATION: Types of piles – load carrying capacity of piles based on static pile formulae –
dynamic pile formulae – Pile Capacity through SPT results - pile load tests - load carrying capacity of
pile groups in sands and clays – Settlement of pile groups – negative skin friction

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Basic and Applied Soil Mechanics by Gopal Ranjan & ASR Rao, New age International Pvt .
Ltd, New Delhi
2. Principals of Geotechnical Engineering by Braja M. Das, Cengage Learning Publishers.

REFERENCES:
1. Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering by VNS Murthy, CBS Publishers and Distributors.
2. Geotechnical Engineering Principles and Practices by Cuduto, PHI International.
 R18 B.TECH CIVIL ENGG. III YEAR

3. Analysis and Design of Substructures – Swami Saran, Oxford and IBH Publishing company Pvt
Ltd
4. (1998).
5. Geotechnical Engineering by S. K.Gulhati & Manoj Datta – Tata Mc.Graw Hill Publishing
company New Delhi. 2005.
6. Bowles, J.E., (1988) Foundation Analysis and Design – 4th Edition, McGraw-Hill Publishing
company, Newyork.
 R18 B.TECH CIVIL ENGG. III YEAR

CE604PC: STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING – II (STEEL)

B.Tech. III Year II Sem. L T/P/D C

3 1/0/0 4
Course Objectives: The objectives of the course is to
 Explain the mechanical properties of structural steel, plasticity, yield.
 Describe the salient features of Limit State Method of design of Steel structures.
 Identify and explain the codal provisions given in IS. 800.
 Analyze the behaviour of steel structures under tension, compression and flexure.
 Design the tension, compression, flexural members and plate girder
 Design the connection in steel structure, build - up member and (bolted and welded).

Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course student should be able to
 Analyze the tension members, compression members.
 Design the tension members, compression members and column bases and joints and
connections
 Analyze and Design the beams including built-up sections and beam and connections.
 Identify and Design the various components of welded plate girder including stiffeners

UNIT – I
Materials – Types of structural steel – Mechanical properties of steel – Concepts of plasticity – yield
strength - Loads and Stresses – Local buckling behavior of steel. Concepts of limit State Design –
Different Limit States – Load combinations for different Limit states - Design Strengths - deflection limits
– serviceability – stability check.
Design of Connections– Different types of connections – Bolted connections – Design strength –
efficiency of joint– prying action - Welded connections – Types of welded joints – Design requirements
- Design of Beam-column connections - Eccentric connections - Type I and Type II connection – Framed
connection– stiffened / seated connection.

UNIT – II
Design of tension members –Simple and built up members - Design strength – Design procedure for
splicing - lug angle.
Design of compression members – Buckling class – slenderness ratio – Design of simple compression
members - laced – battened columns – splice – column base – slab base.

UNIT – III
Plastic Analysis;Plastic moment – Plastic section modulus - Plastic analysis of continuous beams
Design of Flexural Members – Laterally supported and unsupported Beams – Design of laterally
supported beams - Bending and shear strength/buckling – Built-up sections - Beam splice

UNIT – IV
Design of welded plate girders – elements – economical depth – design of main section – connections
between web and flange – design of stiffeners - bearing stiffener– intermediate stiffeners – Design of
web splice and flange splice.

UNIT – V
Design of Industrial Structures; Types of roof trusses - loads on trusses – wind loads - Purlin design –
truss design – Design of welded Gantry girder

Note: Design of structural members include detailed sketches.

 R18 B.TECH CIVIL ENGG. III YEAR

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Design of steel structures by S.K.Duggal,Tata Macgrawhill publishers,2000,2nd Edition.
2. Design of steel structures by N.Subramanian,Oxford University press,2008.
3. Design of steel structures by K.S.Sairam,Pearson Educational India, 2nd Edition, 2013.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Design of steel structures by Edwin H.Gayrold and Charles Gayrold,Tata Mac-grawhill
publishers,1972
2. Design of steel structures by L.S.JayaGopal,D.Tensing,Vikas Publishing House.
 R18 B.TECH CIVIL ENGG. III YEAR

CE611PE: PRESTRESSED CONCRETE (Professional Elective – II)

B.Tech. III Year II Sem. L T/P/D C

3 0/0/0 3

Pre-Requisites: Reinforced Concrete Design

Course Objectives: The objectives of the course are to

 Understand the principles & necessity of prestressed concrete structures.
 Know different techniques of prestressing.
 Get the knowledge on various losses of prestress.
 Understand Analysis and design of prestressed concrete members.

Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course student should be able to
 Acquire the knowledge of evolution of process of prestressing.
 Acquire the knowledge of various prestressing techniques.
 Develop skills in analysis design of prestressed structural elements as per the IS codal
provisions

UNIT I:
Introduction: Historic development- General principles of prestressing pretensioning and post
tensioning- Advantages and limitations of Prestressed concrete- General principles of PSC-
Classification and types of prestressing- Materials- high strength concrete and high tensile steel their
characteristics.

UNIT II:
Methods and Systems of prestressing: Pretensioning and Posttensioning methods and systems of
prestressing like Hoyer system, Magnel Blaton system, Freyssinet system and Gifford- Udall System-
Lee McCall system.Losses of Prestress: Loss of prestress in pretensioned and posttesnioned
members due to various causes like elastic shortage of concrete, shrinkage of concrete, creep of
concrete, relaxation of stress in steel, slip in anchorage, frictional losses.

UNIT III:
Flexure: Analysis of sections for flexure- beams prestressed with straight, concentric, eccentric, bent
and parabolic tendons- stress diagrams- Elastic design of PSC slabs and beams of rectangular and I
sections- Kern line – Cable profile and cable layout.
Shear: General Considerations- Principal tension and compression- Improving shear resistance of
concrete by horizontal and vertical prestressing and by using inclined or parabolic cables- Analysis of
rectangular and I beams for shear – Design of shear reinforcements- IS Code provisions.

UNIT IV:
Transfer of Prestress in Pretensioned Members: Transmission of prestressing force by bond –
Transmission length – Flexural bond stresses – IS code provisions – Anchorage zone stresses in post
tensioned members – stress distribution in End block – Analysis by Guyon, Magnel, Zienlinski
and Rowe’s methods – Anchorage zone reinforcement- IS Provisions

UNIT V:
Composite Beams: Different Types- Propped and Unpropped- stress distribution- Differential
shrinkage- Analysis of composite beams- General design considerations.
Deflections: Importance of control of deflections- Factors influencing deflections – Short term
deflections of uncracked beams- prediction of long time deflections- IS code requirements.
 R18 B.TECH CIVIL ENGG. III YEAR

REFERENCES:
1. Prestressed concrete by Krishna Raju, Tata Mc Graw Hill Book – Co. New Delhi.
2. Design of prestress concrete structures by T.Y. Lin and Burn, John Wiley, New York.
3. Prestressed concrete by S. Ramamrutham Dhanpat Rai & Sons, Delhi.
4. Prestressed Concrete by N. Rajagopalan Narosa Publishing House
 R18 B.TECH CIVIL ENGG. III YEAR

CE612PE: ELEMENTS OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING (Professional Elective – II)

B.Tech. III Year II Sem. L T/P/D C

3 0/0/0 3
Pre-Requisites: Structual Engineering –II & RC Design

Course Objectives: The objectives of the course are to

 Understand Engineering Seismology
 Explain and discuss single degree of freedom systems subjected to free and forced vibrations
 Acquire the knowledge of the conceptual design and principles of earthquake resistant
designs as per IS codes
 understand importance of ductile detailing of RC structures

Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course student should be able to
 Explain and derive fundamental equations in structural dynamics
 Discuss and explain causes and Theories on earthquake, seismic waves, measurement of
earthquakes
 Evaluate base shear using IS methods
 Design and Detail the reinforcement for earthquake forces

UNIT I
Engineering Seismology: Earthquake phenomenon - cause of earthquakes-Faults- Plate tectonics-
Seismic waves- Terms associated with earthquakes-Magnitude/Intensity of an earthquake-scales-
Energy Released-Earthquake measuring instruments seismogram - Seismoscope, Seismograph, -
strong ground motions- Seismic zones of India.
Theory of Vibrations: Elements of a v ibratory system- Degrees of Freedom-Continuous system-
Lumped mass idealization-Oscillatory motion-Simple Harmonic Motion-Free vibration of single degree
of freedom (SDOF) system- undamped and damped-critical damping-Logarithmic decrement-Forced
vibrations-Harmonic excitation-Dynamic magnification factor-Excitation by rigid based translation for
SDOF system-Earthquake ground motion.

UNIT II
Conceptual design: Introduction-Functional Planning-Continuous load path-Overall form-simplicity
and symmetry-elongated shapes-stiffness and strength-Horizontal and Vertical Members-Twisting of
buildings-Ductility-definition-ductility relationships-flexible buildings-framing systems-choice of
construction materials-unconfined concrete-confined concrete-masonry-reinforcing steel.
Introduction to earthquake resistant design: Seismic design requirements-regular and irregular
configurations-basic assumptions-design earthquake loads-basic load combinations-permissible
stresses-seismic methods of analysis-factors in seismic analysis-equivalent lateral force method.

UNIT III
Reinforced Concrete Buildings: Principles of earthquake resistant deign of RC members- Structural
models for frame buildings - Seismic methods of analysis- IS code based methods for seismic design
- Vertical irregularities - Plan configuration problems- Lateral load resisting systems- Determination of
design lateral forces as per IS 1893 (Part-1):2016- Equivalent lateral force procedure- Lateral
distribution of base shear.

UNIT IV
Masonry Buildings: Introduction- Elastic properties of masonry assemblage- Categories of masonry
buildings- Behaviour of unreinforced and reinforced masonry walls- Behaviour of walls- Box action and
bands- Behaviour of infill walls- Improving seismic behaviour of masonry buildings- Load combinations
and permissible stresses- Seismic design requirements- Lateral load analysis of masonry buildings.
 R18 B.TECH CIVIL ENGG. III YEAR

UNIT V
Structural Walls and Non-Structural Elements: Strategies in the location of structural walls- sectional
shapes- variations in elevation- cantilever walls without openings – Failure mechanism of non-
structures- Effects of non-structural elements on structural system- Analysis of non-structural elements-
Prevention of non-structural damage
Ductility Considerations in Earthquake Resistant Design of RC Buildings: Introduction- Impact of
Ductility- Requirements for Ductility- Assessment of Ductility- Factors affecting Ductility- Ductile
detailing considerations as per IS 13920-2016 - Behaviour of beams, columns and joints in RC buildings
during earthquakes

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Earthquake Resistant Design of structures – S. K. Duggal, Oxford University Press
2. Earthquake Resistant Design of structures – Pankaj Agarwal and Manish Shrikhande, Prentice
Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.

REFERENCES:
1. Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Building – T. Paulay and M.J.N. Priestly,
John Wiley & Sons.
2. Eartquake Resistant Design of Buidling structures by Vinod Hosur, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.
3. Elements of Mechanical Vibration by R.N.Iyengar, I.K.International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.
4. Masory and Timber structures including earthquake Resistant Design –Anand S.Arya, Nem
chand & Bros
5. Earthquake Tips – Learning Earthquake Design and Construction, C.V.R. Murthy

BIS Codes: 1. IS 1893(Part-1):2016. 2. IS 13920:2016. 3. IS 4326. 4. IS 456:200

 R18 B.TECH CIVIL ENGG. III YEAR

CE613PE: ADVANCED STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS (Professional Elective – II)

B.Tech. III Year II Sem. L T/P/D C

3 0/0/0 3

Course Objectives: The objectives of the course are to

 Understand the matrix method of analysis statically indeterminate frames and trusses.
 Know the transformation of coordinates and assembly of stiffness matrices
 Differentiate between flexibility and stiffness methods of analysis of beams, frames and plane
trusses
 Understand the structural behavior of large frames with or without shear walls

Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course student should be able to
 Analyze the multistory building frames by various approximate methods.
 Solve the continuous beams, portal frames by matrix methods of analysis.
 Analyze and design of large frames with or without shear walls

UNIT- I
Introduction to matrix methods of analysis statically indeterminacy and kinematics indeterminacy-
degree of freedom-coordinate system-structure idealization stiffness and flexibility matrices-suitability
element stiffness equations-elements flexibility equations-mixed force-displacement equations-for truss
element, beam element and tensional element
Transformation of coordinates-element stiffness matrix-and load vector-local and global coordinates.

UNIT- II
Assembly of stiffness matrix from element stiffness matrix-direct stiffness method-general procedure-
bank matrix-semi bandwidth-computer algorithm for assembly by direct stiffness matrix method.

UNIT- III
Analysis of plane truss-continuous beam-plane frame and grids by Flexible methods.

UNIT- IV
Analysis of plane truss-continuous beam-plane frame and grids by stiffness methods.

UNIT- V
Special analysis procedures-static condensation and sub structuring-initial and thermal stresses.
Shear Walls Necessity-structural behavior of large frames with and without shear walls-approximate
methods of analysis of shear walls.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Matrix methods of structural analysis by Willam Weaver and gere, CBS Publishers.
2. Advanced Structural Analysis by A.K. Jain Nemchand Publishers

REFERENCES:
1. Advanced Structural Analysis by Devdas Menon, Narosa publishing house.
2. Matrix methods of structural analysis by Pandit and gupta
3. Matrix methods of structural analysis by J Meek
4. Structural Analysis by Ghali and Neyveli
 R18 B.TECH CIVIL ENGG. III YEAR

CE605PC: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LAB

B.Tech. III Year II Sem. L T/P/D C

0 0/2/0 1
Course Objectives: the objectives of the course are to
 Perform the experiments to determine water and waste water quality
 Understand the water & waste water sampling, their quality standards
 Estimate quality of water, waste water, Industrial water

Course outcomes: After the completion of the course student should be able to
 Understand about the equipment used to conduct the test procedures
 Perform the experiments in the lab
 Examine and Estimate water, waste water, air and soil Quality
 Compare the water, air quality standards with prescribed standards set by the local
governments
 Develop a report on the quality aspect of the environment

Practical Work: List of Experiments

1. Determination of pH
2. Determination of Electrical Conductivity
3. Determination of Total Solids (Organic and inorganic)
4. Determination of Acidity
5. Determination of Alkalinity
6. Determination of Hardness (Total, Calcium and Magnesium Hardness)
7. Determination of Chlorides
8. Determination of optimum coagulant Dosage
9. Determination of Dissolved Oxygen (Winkler Method)
10. Determination of COD
11. Determination of BOD/DO
12. Determination of Residual Chlorine
13. Total count No.
14. Noise level measurement

TEXT/REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science by Gilbert Masters, Prentice Hall,
New Jersey.
2. Introduction to Environmental Engineering by P. Aarne Vesilind, Susan M. Morgan,
Thompson / Brooks/ Cole; Second Edition 2008.
3. Peavy, H.s, Rowe, D.R, Tchobanoglous, G. Environmental Engineering, Mc-Graw - Hill
International Editions, New York 1985.
4. MetCalf and Eddy. Wastewater Engineering, Treatment, Disposal and Reuse, Tata McGraw-
Hill, New Delhi.
5. Manual on Water Supply and Treatment. Ministry of Urban Development, New Delhi.
6. Plumbing Engineering. Theory, Design and Practice, S.M. Patil, 1999
7. Integrated Solid Waste Management, Tchobanoglous, Theissen & Vigil. McGraw Hill
Publication
8. Manual on Sewerage and Sewage Treatment Systems, Part A, B and C. Central Public
Health and Environmental Engineering Organization, Ministry of Urban Development.
 R18 B.TECH CIVIL ENGG. III YEAR

CE606PC: COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN LAB

B.Tech. III Year II Sem. L T/P/D C

0 0/2/0 1

Pre-Requisites: Computer Aided Civil Engineering Drawing or AUTO CAD Principles –Excel-
Structural Engineering -1 & 2

Course Objectives: The objectives of the course are to

 Learn the usage of any fundamental software for design
 Create geometries using pre-processor
 Analyse and Interpret the results using post processor
 Design the structural elements

Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course student should be able to
 Model the geometry of real-world structure Represent the physical model of structural
element/structure
 Perform analysis
 Interpret from the Post processing results
 Design the structural elements and a system as per IS Codes

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Analysis & Design determinate structures using a software
2. Analysis & Design of fixed & continuous beams using a software
3. Analysis & Design of Plane Frames
4. Analysis & Design of space frames subjected to DL & LL
5. Analysis & Design of residential building subjected to all loads (DL,LL,WL,EQL)
6. Analysis & Design of Roof Trusses
7. Design and detailing of built up steel beam
8. Developing a design programme for foundation using EXCEL Spread Sheet
9. Detailing of RCC beam and RCC slab
10. Detailing of Steel built up compression member

Note: Drafting of all the exercises is to be carried out using commercially available designing
software’s.
 R18 B.TECH CIVIL ENGG. III YEAR

*MC609: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

B.Tech. III Year II Semester L T P C

3 0 0 0
Course Objectives:
 Understanding the importance of ecological balance for sustainable development.
 Understanding the impacts of developmental activities and mitigation measures
 Understanding the environmental policies and regulations

Course Outcomes:
Based on this course, the Engineering graduate will understand /evaluate / develop technologies on the
basis of ecological principles and environmental regulations which in turn helps in sustainable
development

UNIT - I
Ecosystems: Definition, Scope and Importance of ecosystem. Classification, structure, and function of
an ecosystem, Food chains, food webs, and ecological pyramids. Flow of energy, Biogeochemical
cycles, Bioaccumulation, Biomagnification, ecosystem value, services and carrying capacity, Field
visits.

UNIT - II
Natural Resources: Classification of Resources: Living and Non-Living resources, water
resources: use and over utilization of surface and ground water, floods and droughts, Dams: benefits
and problems. Mineral resources: use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using
mineral resources, Land resources: Forest resources, Energy resources: growing energy needs,
renewable and non renewable energy sources, use of alternate energy source, case studies.

UNIT - III
Biodiversity And Biotic Resources: Introduction, Definition, genetic, species and ecosystem
diversity. Value of biodiversity; consumptive use, productive use, social, ethical, aesthetic and optional
values. India as a mega diversity nation, Hot spots of biodiversity. Field visit. Threats to biodiversity:
habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts; conservation of biodiversity: In-Situ and Ex-situ
conservation. National Biodiversity act.

UNIT - IV
Environmental Pollution and Control Technologies: Environmental Pollution: Classification of
pollution, Air Pollution: Primary and secondary pollutants, Automobile and Industrial pollution, Ambient
air quality standards. Water pollution: Sources and types of pollution, drinking water quality standards.
Soil Pollution: Sources and types, Impacts of modern agriculture, degradation of soil. Noise Pollution:
Sources and Health hazards, standards, Solid waste: Municipal Solid Waste management,
composition and characteristics of e-Waste and its management. Pollution control technologies:
Wastewater Treatment methods: Primary, secondary and Tertiary.
Overview of air pollution control technologies, Concepts of bioremediation. Global Environmental
Problems and Global Efforts: Climate change and impacts on human environment. Ozone depletion
and Ozone depleting substances (ODS). Deforestation and desertification. International conventions /
Protocols: Earth summit, Kyoto protocol, and Montréal Protocol.

UNIT - V
Environmental Policy, Legislation & EIA: Environmental Protection act, Legal aspects Air Act- 1981,
Water Act, Forest Act, Wild life Act, Municipal solid waste management and handling rules, biomedical
waste management and handling rules, hazardous waste management and handling rules. EIA: EIA
structure, methods of baseline data acquisition. Overview on Impacts of air, water, biological and Socio-
 R18 B.TECH CIVIL ENGG. III YEAR

economical aspects. Strategies for risk assessment, Concepts of Environmental Management Plan
(EMP). Towards Sustainable Future: Concept of Sustainable Development, Population and its
explosion, Crazy Consumerism, Environmental Education, Urban Sprawl, Human health,
Environmental Ethics, Concept of Green Building, Ecological Foot Print, Life Cycle assessment (LCA),
Low carbon life style.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses by Erach Bharucha for
University Grants Commission.
2. Environmental Studies by R. Rajagopalan, Oxford University Press.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Environmental Science: towards a sustainable future by Richard T. Wright. 2008 PHL Learning
Private Ltd. New Delhi.
2. Environmental Engineering and science by Gilbert M. Masters and Wendell P. Ela. 2008 PHI
Learning Pvt. Ltd.
3. Environmental Science by Daniel B. Botkin & Edward A. Keller, Wiley INDIA edition.
4. Environmental Studies by Anubha Kaushik, 4th Edition, New age international publishers.
5. Text book of Environmental Science and Technology - Dr. M. Anji Reddy 2007, BS Publications.