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    Programming 1 - L6 - Arrays

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    Samuel Plesca
    Arrays are used to store multiple values of the same type in a single variable. They are created by defining a data type and array name followed by square brackets. Values are inserted using a comma-separated list in curly braces. Array elements are accessed using indexes that start at 0. Strings are arrays of characters terminated by a null character. Char stores a single character while string stores multiple characters. Arrays and strings can be used to efficiently organize and process multiple values in code.

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    Programming 1 - L6 - Arrays

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    Samuel Plesca
    13 views14 pages
    Arrays are used to store multiple values of the same type in a single variable. They are created by defining a data type and array name followed by square brackets. Values are inserted using a comma-separated list in curly braces. Array elements are accessed using indexes that start at 0. Strings are arrays of characters terminated by a null character. Char stores a single character while string stores multiple characters. Arrays and strings can be used to efficiently organize and process multiple values in code.

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    Arrays are used to store multiple values of the same type in a single variable. They are created by defining a data type and array name followed by square brackets. Values are inserted using a comma-separated list in curly braces. Array elements are accessed using indexes that start at 0. Strings are arrays of characters terminated by a null character. Char stores a single character while string stores multiple characters. Arrays and strings can be used to efficiently organize and process multiple values in code.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    13 views14 pages

    Programming 1 - L6 - Arrays

    Uploaded by

    Samuel Plesca
    Arrays are used to store multiple values of the same type in a single variable. They are created by defining a data type and array name followed by square brackets. Values are inserted using a comma-separated list in curly braces. Array elements are accessed using indexes that start at 0. Strings are arrays of characters terminated by a null character. Char stores a single character while string stores multiple characters. Arrays and strings can be used to efficiently organize and process multiple values in code.

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    You are on page 1of 14

    Programming 1 - Lecture

    Arrays & Strings

    Dr. Mick Mc Keever


    Todays Lecture
    • When to use an Array.

    • How to use an Array.

    • When to use a String.

    • How to use a String.

    • What is the difference between a String and a Character.


    Arrays
    • Suppose we want to store 10 student numbers
    for processing in code?
    • An array is an efficient way to hold all the
    values with one variable storing 10 values or
    any number of values.
    Arrays
    • Arrays are used to store multiple values in a single variable,
    instead of declaring separate variables for each value.
    • To create an array, define the data type (like int) and specify
    the name of the array followed by square brackets [].
    • To insert values to it, use a comma-separated list, inside curly
    braces:

    int studentNum[] = {25, 50, 75, 100};


    How does an array store data?
    • An array is a list of elements of the same type, identified by a pair of square
    brackets [ ].
    • It creates space in the memory to save a list of items of the same type (int,
    double , char, float

    Name of each space in the array Each section of the array is called
    An ELEMENT

    Student Student Student Student Student Student Student Student Student Student
    Num[0] Num[1] Num[2] Num[3] Num[4] Num[5] Num[6] Num[7] Num[8] Num[9]
    13 201 55 6 17 89 25 67 351 29

    The value stored in that space in memory


    Named studentNum[4]
    Access Elements of Array
    • To access an array element, refer to its index number.
    • Array indexes start with 0: [0] is the first element. [1] is the
    second element, etc.
    • This statement accesses the value of the first element [0] in
    myNumbers:

    int myNumbers[] = {25, 50, 75, 100};


    printf("%d", myNumbers[0]);

    // Outputs 25
    Change an Array Element
    To change the value of a specific element, refer to the index
    number:

    int myNumbers[] = {25, 50, 75, 100};


    myNumbers[0] = 33;

    printf("%d", myNumbers[0]);

    // Now outputs 33 instead of 25


    Change an Array Element
    // Declare an array of four integers:
    int myNumbers[4];

    // Add elements
    myNumbers[0] = 25;
    myNumbers[1] = 50;
    myNumbers[2] = 75;
    myNumbers[3] = 100;
    Loop Through an Array
    • You can loop through the array elements with the for loop.
    • The following example outputs all elements in
    the myNumbers array:

    int myNumbers[] = {25, 50, 75, 100};


    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {


    printf("%d\n", myNumbers[i]);
    }
    Data type review
    Data Type Size Description
    int 4 bytes Stores whole numbers, without decimals
    float 4 bytes Stores fractional numbers, containing one or more
    decimals. Sufficient for storing 7 decimal digits
    double 8 bytes Stores fractional numbers, containing one or more
    decimals. Sufficient for storing 15 decimal digits
    char 1 byte Stores a single character/letter/number, or ASCII values
    Strings & Chars
    • char is a data type that holds one character e.g. letter, number, space
    • String is a string of characters together.
    • String is a string or an array of characters terminated by \0 (which is backslash
    zero)

    char message1='h'; //were storing one character


    char message3[]={'h','e','l','l','o','\0'};//if we type in char
    form we enter the \0 to denote it’s a string
    char message2[]="hello"; // For a char array ,instead of typing
    each char followed individually all followed by \0. C allows you store
    a string of characters together or a string
    String versus Char and %s Vs %c
    Todays Lecture
    • When to use an Array.

    • How to use an Array.

    • When to use a String.

    • How to use a String.

    • What is the difference between a String and a Character.


    Thank You
    Dr. Mick Mc Keever

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