Cloud Computing2

CLOUD COMPUTING
Internal Assessment – 2
PART-A
1. Define IaaS, PaaS, SaaS.

INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE (IAAS):
 IaaS provides access to fundamental resources such as

physical machines, virtual machines, virtual storage, etc.
PLATFORM AS A SERVICE (PAAS)
 PaaS provides the runtime environment for applications,

development & deployment tools, etc.
SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE (SAAS)
 SaaS model allows to use software applications as a

service to end users.
2. What is webservice? Give example.

 A web service is a kind of software that is accessible on
the Internet. It makes use of the XML messaging system
and offers an easy to understand, interface for the end
users.
3. What is meant by Parallel Computing?
 Parallel computing refers to the use of multiple

processors or computers working together to solve a
computational problem simultaneously, dividing the
workload into smaller, more manageable tasks that can
be processed concurrently. The goal is to reduce the
overall processing time and increase computational
power by using multiple processors or computers to
perform computations in parallel.
4. What is Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)?
 A service-oriented architecture is essentially a collection

of services. These services communicate with each
other. The communication can involve either simple data
passing or it could involve two or more services
coordinating some activity.
5. What is a Virtual Machine (VM) ?
 A virtual machine (VM) is a software program or

operating system that not only exhibits the behavior of a
separate computer, but is also capable of performing
tasks such as running applications and programs like a
separate computer.
 A virtual machine is also known as a guest.
PART-B
6. What is virtualization in cloud computing?

 Virtualization in cloud computing refers to the creation of
virtual versions of physical resources such as servers, storage
devices, and networks. It allows multiple virtual machines
(VMs) to run on a single physical machine, which enables
efficient use of resources, better scalability, and improved cost-
effectiveness.
 In cloud computing, virtualization enables the creation of

virtualized resources that can be provisioned and de-
provisioned as needed, providing a flexible and scalable
infrastructure. Cloud providers use virtualization to offer
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), allowing customers to create
and manage their virtual machines on the cloud provider's
infrastructure.
 Virtualization also provides benefits such as improved resource
utilization, reduced hardware costs, simplified management,
and increased flexibility. With virtualization, users can create
and manage multiple virtual machines on a single physical
server, enabling them to run multiple operating systems,
applications, and workloads on the same infrastructure.
7. Bring out the difference between private and public cloud?
8. List down the characteristics of cloud ?
Characteristics:
There are four key characteristics of cloud computing. They are shown
in the following diagram:
ON DEMAND SELF-SERVICE:
 Cloud Computing allows the users to use web services
and resources on demand. One can logon to a website at
any time and use them.
BROAD NETWORK ACCESS:

 Since Cloud Computing is completely web based, it can
be accessed from anywhere and at any time.
RESOURCE POOLING :
 Cloud Computing allows multiple tenants to share a pool
of resources. One can share single physical instance of
hardware, database and basic infrastructure.
RAPID ELASTICITY:
 It is very easy to scale up or down the resources at any
time. Resources used by the customers or currently
assigned to customers are automatically monitored and
resources. It make it possible
MEASURED SERVICE :
 Service Models & Deployment Models are described in
above section.
9. Describe hypervisor?
 A hypervisor is a software layer that enables virtualization by
creating and managing virtual machines (VMs). It allows multiple
virtual machines to run on a single physical machine, which
enables efficient use of resources, better scalability, and improved
cost-effectiveness.
 The hypervisor sits between the physical hardware and the

operating systems running on the virtual machines, providing a
virtualization layer that abstracts the physical hardware resources
into multiple virtualized resources. It enables multiple operating
systems and applications to run on the same physical machine,
each in their own isolated virtual environment.
 There are two main types of hypervisors:
 Type 1 or bare-metal hypervisors run directly on the

physical hardware, and are typically used in enterprise
data centers to manage virtualized server infrastructure.
 Type 2 hypervisors run on top of an existing operating

system, and are typically used on desktop or laptop
computers for virtualization.
 The hypervisor is a critical component that enables the efficient

use of resources and the creation of virtualized infrastructure.
Cloud providers use hypervisors to offer Infrastructure as a Service
(IaaS), allowing customers to create and manage their virtual
machines on the cloud provider's infrastructure. The hypervisor
plays a key role in enabling the scalability, flexibility, and cost-
effectiveness of cloud computing.
PART-C
10. Explain different types of cloud deployment model or

types of cloud.
DEPLOYMENT MODELS:
 Deployment models define the type of access to the cloud,i.e.,
how the cloud is located? Cloud can have any of the four types
of access: Public, Private, Hybrid and Community.
P U B L I C C L O U D:
 The Public Cloud allows systems and services to be easily
accessible to the general public. Public cloud may be less
secure because of its openness, e.g., e-mail.
P R I V A T E C L O U D:
 The Private Cloud allows systems and services to be accessible
within an organization. It offers increased security because of
its private nature.
C O M M UN I T Y C L O U D:
 The Community Cloud allows systems and services to be
accessible by group of organizations.
H Y B R I D C L O U D:
 The Hybrid Cloud is mixture of public and private cloud.
However, the critical activities are performed using private
cloud while the non-critical activities are performed using
public cloud.
11. Explain the differences between Grid computing and

cloud computing?
12. Explain Cloud computing data storage.
 Cloud computing data storage refers to the practice of storing
data in remote servers that can be accessed over the internet,
rather than on local storage devices such as hard drives or
network-attached storage (NAS) devices. In cloud computing,
data is typically stored in data centers that are operated by
cloud service providers such as Amazon Web Services (AWS),
Microsoft Azure, or Google Cloud Platform (GCP).
 Cloud computing data storage provides several benefits over

traditional on-premises storage. These include:
 Scalability: Cloud storage is highly scalable, allowing

organizations to store and retrieve data as needed
without worrying about running out of storage space.
With cloud storage, organizations can add or remove
storage capacity on demand, making it an ideal
solution for organizations with rapidly changing
storage needs.
 Accessibility: Data stored in the cloud can be

accessed from anywhere with an internet connection,
making it easier for remote teams to collaborate on
projects and access critical data.
 Cost-effectiveness: Cloud storage is often more

cost-effective than on-premises storage, as it
eliminates the need for organizations to purchase and
maintain their own hardware.
 Reliability: Cloud storage is designed to be highly

available and fault-tolerant, with data replicated
across multiple servers in different geographic
locations to ensure that it is always accessible.
 Cloud storage can be used for a wide range of data types,

including structured data (such as databases), unstructured data
(such as documents, images, and videos), and semi-structured
data (such as log files and sensor data).
 Cloud storage services typically offer different tiers of storage

based on performance, durability, and cost. For example, AWS
offers Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service), which provides low-
latency access to frequently accessed data, as well as Amazon
Glacier, which is designed for infrequently accessed data that can
tolerate longer retrieval times.
 cloud computing data storage is a flexible and cost-effective way
for organizations to store and access their data. With the ability to
scale on demand, it can meet the changing storage needs of
organizations of all sizes, and with high levels of reliability and
accessibility, it is a popular choice for organizations that require
high-performance and highly available storage solutions.

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CLOUD COMPUTING

1. Define IaaS, PaaS, SaaS.

 IaaS provides access to fundamental resources such as

PLATFORM AS A SERVICE (PAAS)

 PaaS provides the runtime environment for applications,

SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE (SAAS)

 SaaS model allows to use software applications as a

2. What is webservice? Give example.

3. What is meant by Parallel Computing?

 Parallel computing refers to the use of multiple

4. What is Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)?

 A service-oriented architecture is essentially a collection

5. What is a Virtual Machine (VM) ?

 A virtual machine (VM) is a software program or

6. What is virtualization in cloud computing?

 In cloud computing, virtualization enables the creation of

BROAD NETWORK ACCESS:

 The hypervisor sits between the physical hardware and the

 There are two main types of hypervisors:

 Type 1 or bare-metal hypervisors run directly on the

 Type 2 hypervisors run on top of an existing operating

 The hypervisor is a critical component that enables the efficient

10. Explain different types of cloud deployment model or

11. Explain the differences between Grid computing and

 Cloud computing data storage provides several benefits over

 Scalability: Cloud storage is highly scalable, allowing

 Accessibility: Data stored in the cloud can be

 Cost-effectiveness: Cloud storage is often more

 Reliability: Cloud storage is designed to be highly

 Cloud storage can be used for a wide range of data types,

 Cloud storage services typically offer different tiers of storage

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