ANSWER SHEET

Asian Science and Mathematics Olympiad for Primary Schools

November 26th, 2016

MATHEMATICS
Full Name : ANSWER KEY
Date of Birth : XX-XX-XXXX
Country :

PART 1: MULTIPLE CHOICE: Give a cross sign ( X ) for your right answer!
1. A B C D E 5. A B C D E
2. A B C D E 6. A B C D E
3. A B C D E 7. A B C D E
4. A B C D E 8. A B C D E

PART 2: SHORT ANSWER

1. 24 kg 9. 0 (zero)

2. 1806 10. 6. The angles are: 90, 90, 270, 90,

90, 90, 270, 90.
3. 95, 84, 73, 62, 51

4. 5

5. no

6. 1342, 2341, 3241

7. 18144 11. 1, 2, 3, 11,17

8. 288 12. 274

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Answer Key -Theoretical Round (Mathematics) Page 1 of 6
PART 3: ESSAY
1. Triangle 𝑋𝑌𝑍 is an acute triangle. Point 𝑃 on 𝑋𝑌 such that 𝑋𝑃: 𝑃𝑌 = 1: 3. Point 𝑄
on 𝑋𝑍 such that 𝑋𝑄: 𝑄𝑍 = 2: 3.
If the area of triangle 𝑋𝑌𝑍 is 100, find the area of triangle 𝑃𝑄𝑍!
Answer:

1
[𝑋𝑃𝑍] = × 100 = 25
4
3
[𝑃𝑄𝑍] = × 25 = 15
5

2. A rectangular hall is divided into rooms as shown below. Every two adjacent
rooms are connected by door. You may walk from one room to another in the
north or east direction only.
a. How many different shortest routes are there from room P to room Q?
N
Q
w E

R
S

Answer:
Q
1 5 15 35 70 126 210 330 495

1 4 10 20 35 56 84 120 165
1 3 6 10 15 21 28 36 45

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

P 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

b. Now room R is locked at all four doors and the keys were lost. So nobody can
go through that room.
How many different shortest routes are there from room P to room Q?

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Answer Key -Theoretical Round (Mathematics) Page 2 of 6
 Answer:
Q
1 5 15 35 55 81 120 180 270

1 4 10 20 20 26 39 60 90
1 3 6 10 R 6 13 21 30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

P 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

3. Given that quadrilateral 𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆 is a rhombus. Point 𝑇 on diagonal 𝑆𝑄 such that 𝑆𝑃 =

𝑆𝑇. Angle 𝑃𝑇𝑄 = 100∘ . What is the size of angle 𝑃𝑄𝑇?
Answer:

∠𝑆𝑇𝑃 = 180∘ − ∠𝑃𝑇𝑄 = 180∘ − 100∘ = 80∘

As triangle 𝑆𝑇𝑃 is an isosceles triangle, ∠𝑆𝑇𝑃 = ∠𝑆𝑃𝑇 = 80∘
∠𝑃𝑆𝑇 = 180∘ − 2 × ∠𝑆𝑇𝑃 = 180∘ − 2 × 80∘ = 20∘
As triangle 𝑆𝑃𝑄 is an isosceles triangle, ∠𝑃𝑆𝑇 = ∠𝑃𝑄𝑆 = ∠𝑃𝑄𝑇 = 20∘

4. In a quadrilateral 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷, ∠𝐴𝐵𝐷 = 60∘ , ∠𝐵𝐴𝐷 = 50∘ , and ∠𝐵𝐷𝐶 = 120∘ .

𝐴𝐷 = 𝐵𝐶 = 5 cm. What is the measure of angle 𝐵𝐶𝐷?
Answer:

We flip triangle 𝐵𝐷𝐶 along side =BD as shown below. 𝐷 = 𝐵′ and 𝐵 = 𝐷′

As ∠𝐴𝐵𝐷 + ∠𝐵𝐷𝐶 = 60∘ + 120∘ = 180∘ , ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 180 and 𝐴𝐷 = 𝐵𝐶 = 𝐵 𝐶 ,
𝐴𝐷𝐶′ is an isosceles triangle. So ∠𝐷′𝐶′𝐵 = ∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 50∘

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Answer Key -Theoretical Round (Mathematics) Page 3 of 6
 5. In a convex quadrilateral 𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆, 𝑃𝑆 = 𝑅𝑆 = 𝑥, 𝑃𝑄 = 𝑄𝑅 = 𝑦, and 𝑦 > 𝑥.
The measure of angle 𝑄𝑅𝑆 = 90∘ . The area of 𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆 = 2016.
Find 𝑥 and 𝑦 if it is known that both are integers and quadrilateral 𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆 has the
smallest perimeter among all possible quadrilateral that satisfy the above
conditions!
Answer:
As 𝑆𝑃 = 𝑆𝑅 and 𝑃𝑄 = 𝑅𝑄, quadrilateral 𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆
is a kite and ∠𝑆𝑃𝑄 = ∠𝑆𝑅𝑄 = 90∘
Cut the kite along diagonal𝑆𝑄 and flip one of the
pieces, we will get a rectangle.
The area is 2016 = 2 × 3 × 7

Length Width Perimeter

2016 1 4034
1008 2 2020
672 3 1350
504 4 1016
336 6 684
288 7 590
252 8 520
224 9 466
168 12 360
144 14 316
126 16 284
112 18 260
96 21 234
84 24 216
72 28 200
63 32 190
56 36 184
48 42 180

6. Linglung likes reading books. The number of books that he has is less than 60
books. He has mathematics, science, literature, and art books. The number of
science, literature, and art books each is a prime number. There were as many
mathematics books as the number of science books multiplied by the total number
of art and science books. There are 24 more mathematics book than literature
books.
What is the total number of books that Linglung has?

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Answer Key -Theoretical Round (Mathematics) Page 4 of 6
 Answer:
Let the number of mathematics books, science, literature, and art books be
𝑚, 𝑠, 𝑙, 𝑎 respectivevly
𝑚 = 𝑠 × (𝑎 + 𝑠)
𝑚 = 𝑙 + 24

If 𝑙 = 2, 𝑚 = 26 and 𝑠 = 2, 𝑎 = 11, 𝑚 = 2 × (11 + 2) = 26.

If 𝑙 = 3, 𝑚 = 27 and 𝑠 = 3, 𝑎 = 6. But 6 is not prime.
If 𝑙 = 5, 𝑚 = 29 is a prime number. there is no 𝑠 that satisfy the condition.
If 𝑙 = 7, 𝑚 = 31 is a prime number. there is no 𝑠 that satisfy the condition.
If 𝑙 = 11, 𝑚 = 35, 𝑠 = 5 or 7. If 𝑠 = 5, 𝑎 = 2.
If 𝑙 = 13, 𝑚 = 37 is a prime number. there is no 𝑠 that satisfy the condition.
If 𝑙 = 17, 𝑚 = 41 is a prime number. there is no 𝑠 that satisfy the condition.
If 𝑙 = 19, 𝑚 = 43 is a prime number. there is no 𝑠 that satisfy the condition.
If 𝑙 = 23, 𝑚 = 47 is a prime number. there is no 𝑠 that satisfy the condition.
If 𝑙 = 29, 𝑚 = 53 is a prime number. there is no 𝑠 that satisfy the condition.
If 𝑙 = 31, 𝑚 = 55, 𝑠 = 5 or 11. If 𝑠 = 5, 𝑎 = 6 not a prime number.

7. Dino has six bags of candies. Each bag has different number of candies: 3, 9, 10,
12, 13, and 14 candies. Dino gave one bag to Tensin. Dino gave the remaining bags
to Edun and Gani. The total number of candies that Edun received was twice as
many as the total number of candies that Gani received.
How many bags does Edun get and how many candies in each Edun’s bag?
Answer:
The number of candies Dino gave to Edun and Gani must be a multiple of 3 as Edun
received was twice as many as the total number of candies that Gani received.
Among the bags, 1 bag has a remainder 2, two bags have a remainder of 1, and 3
bags has remainder 0 when divided by 3.
So the bag given to Tensin either 10 or 13.
If Tensin got a bag of 13 candies, there are 48 candies in 5 bags. Gani got 16
candies. But no combination of bags resulting 16 candies.
So Tensin got a bag of 10 candies.
There are 51 candies in 5 bags.
So Gani got 17 candies from a bag of 3 candies and a bag of 14 candies.
We can conclude Edun received 3 bags, each contain 9, 12, and 13 candies.

8. In a marathon competition, all runner finished at different time. Gordon finished

exactly in the middle among all runner. Koplak finished later, in 20th place , while
Siput placed 34th . How many runners took part in this marathon competition?
Answer:
Let 𝑛 be the number of runner.
𝑛 must be an odd number greater than 34.

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Answer Key -Theoretical Round (Mathematics) Page 5 of 6
 If 𝑛 = 35, Gordon finished 18th, earlier than Koplak.
If 𝑛 = 37, Gordon finished 19th, earlier than Koplak.
If 𝑛 = 39, Gordon finished 20th, same as Koplak, so it is impossible.
If 𝑛 = 41, Gordon finished 21th, later than Koplak.
So there are 2 possibilities.

9. A ‘happy’ set is a set of 4 consecutive numbers, each below 100 , that are divisible
by 10 when you add all 4 numbers. List of possible set of happy set.
Explain why you think you have find all happy sets!
Answer:
Let the first number be 𝑥, then
𝑥 + (𝑥 + 1) + (𝑥 + 2) + (𝑥 + 3) = 4𝑥 + 6
The unit digit of 4𝑛 must be 4, so the unit digit of 𝑛 must be 1 or 6
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10
6 + 7 + 8 + 9 = 30
11 + 12 + 13 + 14 = 50
16 + 17 + 18 + 19 = 70
21 + 22 + 23 + 24 = 90

10. Each member of the COSMOS maths club is assigned a unique code. Each code
consists of 3 letters, which is taken from the set {𝑀, 𝐴, 𝑇, 𝐻}, {𝐹, 𝑈, 𝑁}, and
{𝐿, 𝑂, 𝑉, 𝐸, 𝑆}, in that order. The club needs to accomodate new members, so the
officials of the club decide to add two new letters (𝑋 and 𝑌). Both new letters can
be added to one particular set or one letter can be added to one set and one to
another set. What is the largest possible number of new members can be
assigned additional unique codes (that contains new letter(s)) ?
Answer:
Let: 𝐴 = {𝑀, 𝐴, 𝑇, 𝐻}, 𝐵 = {𝐹, 𝑈, 𝑁}, and 𝐶 = {𝐿, 𝑂, 𝑉, 𝐸, 𝑆},
If both 𝑋, 𝑌 are added to 𝐴, the total possible codes are 6 × 3 × 5 = 90
If both 𝑋, 𝑌 are added to 𝐵 the total possible codes are 4 × 5 × 5 = 100
If both 𝑋, 𝑌 are added to 𝐶, the total possible codes are 4 × 3 × 7 = 84
𝐼𝑓 𝑋 is added to 𝐴 and 𝑌 is added to 𝐵, the total possible codes are 5 × 4 × 5 = 100.
𝐼𝑓 𝑋 is added to 𝐴 and 𝑌 is added to 𝐶, the total possible codes are 5 × 3 × 6 = 90.
𝐼𝑓 𝑋 is added to 𝐵 and 𝑌 is added to 𝐶, the total possible codes are 4 × 4 × 6 = 96.
At first there are 4 × 3 × 5 = 60 codes.
The largest possible ones happened when both 𝑋, 𝑌 are added to 𝐵, the total
possible codes are 4 × 5 × 5 = 100
So there are 100 − 60 = 40 new codes for new members.

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Answer Key -Theoretical Round (Mathematics) Page 6 of 6