MR Lab File
MR Lab File
“NEW MEDIA'S PART IN RAISING AWARENESS ABOUT FEMALES AND THEIR SAFETY”
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the award of the degree of
SESSION 2019-2022
To Whom It May Concern
Date:
Date:
9. Annexure 34-43
Chapter – I
Introduction
NEW MEDIA
New media is a broad term that emerged in the later part of the 20th century to encompass
the amalgamation of traditional media such as film, images, music, spoken and written
word, with the interactive power of computer and communications technology, computer-
enabled consumer devices and most importantly the Internet. New media holds out a
possibility of on
demand access to content anytime, anywhere, on any digital device, as well as interactive
user feedback, creative participation and community formation around the media content.
What distinguishes new media from traditional media is not the digitizing of media content
into bits, but the dynamic life of the "new media" content and its interactive relationship
with the media consumer. This dynamic life, moves, breathes and flows with pulsing
excitement in real time. Another important promise of New Media is the "democratization"
of the creation, publishing, distribution and consumption of media content. Thus, a high-
definition digital television broadcast of a film viewed on a digital plasma TV is still an
example of traditional media, while an "analogue" paper poster of a local rock band that
contains a web address where fans can find information and digital music downloads is an
example of new media communication. Wikipedia itself is one of the best examples of the
new media phenomenon, combining Internet accessible digital text, images and video with
web-links, creative participation of contributors, interactive feedback of users and
formation of a participant community of editors and donors.
Most technologies described as "new media" are digital, often having characteristics of
being manipulated, networkable, dense, compressible, interactive and impartial. Some
examples may be the Internet, websites, computer multimedia, computer games, CD-
ROMS, and DVDs. New media is not television programs, feature films, magazines, books,
or paper
based publications - unless they contain technologies that enable digital interactivity, such as
graphic tags containing web-links.
What is New Media?
Although there are several ways that New Media may be described, The New Media Reader
edited by 7: and Montfort defines New Media by using eight simple and concise
propositions:
1. New Media versus Cyber culture - Cyber culture is the study of various social
Phenomena that is associated with the Internet and network communications (blogs, online
multi-player gaming), whereas New Media is concerned more with cultural Objects and
paradigms (digital to analogy television, iPhones).
3. New Media as Digital Data Controlled by Software - The language of New Media is
based on the assumption that, in fact, all cultural objects that rely on digital representation
and computer-based delivery do share a number of common qualities. New media is reduced
to digital data that can be manipulated by software as any other data. Now media operations
can create several versions of the same object. An example is an image stored as matrix data
which can be manipulated and altered according to the additional algorithms implemented,
such as colour inversion, gray- New Media as the rasterizing, etc.
The rise of new media has increased communication between people all over the world and
the Internet. It has allowed people to express themselves through blogs, websites, pictures,
and other user-generated media.
Flew (2002) stated that as a result of the evolution of new media technologies, globalization
occurs. Globalization is generally stated as "more than expansion of activities beyond the
boundaries of particular nation states". Globalization shortens the distance between people
all over the world by the electronic communication (Carely1992 in Flew 2002) and Cairn
cross (1998) expresses this great development as the "death of distance". New media
"radically break the connection between physical place and social place, making physical
location much less significant for our social relationships" (Croteau and Hoynes).
However, the changes in the new media environment create a series of tensions in the
concept of “public sphere”. According to Ingrid Volkmer, “public sphere” is defined as a
process through which public communication becomes restructured and partly disembedded
from national political and cultural institutions. This trend of the globalized public sphere is
not only as a geographical expansion form a nation to worldwide, but also changes the
relationship between the public, the media and state (Volkmer, 1999:123).
"Virtual communities" are being established online and transcend geographical boundaries,
eliminating social restrictions. Howard Rheingold (2000) describes these globalised
societies as self-defined networks, which resemble what we do in real life. "People in virtual
communities use words on screens to exchange pleasantries and argue, engage in intellectual
discourse, conduct commerce, make plans, brainstorm, gossip, feud, fall in love, create a
little high art and a lot of idle talk" (Rheingold cited in Slevin 2000: 91).For Sherry Turkle
“making the computer into a second self, finding a soul in the machine, can substitute for
human relationships" (Holmes 2005: 184). New media has the ability to connect like-
minded others worldwide. While this perspective suggests that the technology drives – and
therefore is a determining factor – in the process of globalization, arguments involving
technological determinism are generally frowned upon by mainstream media studies.
Instead academics focus on the multiplicity of processes by which technology is funded,
researched and produced, forming a feedback loop when the technologies are used and
often transformed by their users, which then feeds into the process of guiding their future
development.
While commentators such as Castells espouse a 'soft determinism' hereby they contend that
'Technology does not determine society. Nor does society script the course of technological
change, since many factors, including individual inventiveness and entrepreneurialism,
intervene in the process of scientific discovery, technical innovation and social applications,
so the final outcome depends on a complex pattern of interaction. Indeed, the dilemma of
technological determinism is probably a false problem, since technology is society and
society cannot be understood without its technological tools.' (Castells 1996:5) This,
however, is still distinct from stating that societal changes are instigated by technological
development, which recalls the theses of Marshall McLuhan. Manovich and Castells have
argued that whereas mass media 'corresponded to the logic of industrial mass society, which
values conformity over individuality,' (Manovich 2001:41) new media follows the logic of
the post-industrial or globalized society whereby 'every citizen can construct her own
custom lifestyle and select her ideology from a large number of choices. Rather than
pushing the same objects to a mass audience, marketing now tries to target each individual
separately.' (Manovich 2001:42)
Social Movement Media has a rich and storied history that has changed at a rapid rate since
New Media became widely used. The Zapatista Army of National Liberation of Chiapas,
Mexico was the first major movement to make widely recognized and effective use of New
Media for communiqués and organizing in 1994. Since then, New Media has been used
extensively by social movements to educate, organize, share cultural products of
movements, communicate, coalition build, and more. The WTO Ministerial Conference of
1999 protest activity was another landmark in the use of New Media as a tool for social
change. The WTO protests used media to organize the original action, communicate with
and educate participants, and was used an alternative media source. The Indy media
movement also developed out of this action, and has been a great tool in the
democratization of information, which is another widely discussed aspect of new media
movement Some scholars even view this democratization as an indication of the creation of
a "radical, socio-technical paradigm to challenge the dominant, neoliberal and
technologically determinist model of information and communication technologies."A less
radical view along these same lines is that people are taking advantage of the Internet to
produce a grassroots globalization, one that is anti neoliberal and cantered on people rather
than the flow of capital. Of course, some are also sceptical of the role of New Media in
Social Movements. Many scholars point out unequal access to new media as a hindrance to
broad-based movements, sometimes even oppressing some within a movement. Others are
sceptical about how democratic or useful it really is for social movements, even for those
with access. There are also many New Media components that activists cite as tools for
change that have not been widely discussed as such by academics.
New Media has also found a use with less radical social movements such as the Free Hugs
Campaign. Using websites, blogs, and online videos to demonstrate the effectiveness of the
movement itself, along with this example the use of high-volume blogs has allowed
numerous views and practices to be more widespread and gain more public attention.
Another example is the on-going Free Tibet Campaign, which has been seen on numerous
websites as well as having a slight tie-in with the band Gorillaz in their Gorillaz Bites clip
featuring the lead singer 2D sitting with protesters at a Free Tibet protest. Another social
change seen coming from New Media is trends in fashion and the emergence of subcultures
such as Text Speak, Cyberpunk, and various others.
The role of website in today’s world
There are infinite fields in today’s world and due to excessive competitors in every field
competition has become toughest. Considering this competition publicity is the one and
only way to enhance your business and to compete with competitors. Couple of years ago
the main publicity sources were flyers, brochures, banners, pamphlets and ad campaigns
but now they all are considered as a secondary way of publicity. The main reason of failure
of all these above-mentioned ways was that they all were time consuming, whereas, in this
busiest era people don’t have enough time to look at flyers or to spend time on ad
campaigns. Moreover, these things were not marketing products internationally as well.
Internet has made revolutionary changes in today’s world and now our earth has become a
global village. Nowadays it’s a cake of piece to get the information of other countries as
well as to get the information of any product through internet. Therefore, considering all
these facts and figures researchers introduced a new way of marketing known as E-
marketing and websites are playing the key role in E-marketing. Nowadays companies all
over the world whether they are MNCs or Small Companies trying to market their
services/products through websites. Most of them used the services of new and inexpert
web designing companies and they badly failed, but on the other side those websites which
were designed by professional web designing companies like Toronto web designing were
succeeded. If you are also looking for a website then you should also consider a reputed
web designing company like Toronto web designing.
My recommendation for High quality websites will always be with Toronto web designing
Company. Toronto web designing Company is the best and one of the most leading web
designing companies, which is enjoying a good reputation not only in the local market but
in the international market as well.
Internet marketing mavens talk a lot about the power of social networking these days- and
for good reason. Social networking websites like the ubiquitous Facebook have emerged as
powerful promotional tools for businesses while providing members a platform for
communication, entertainment and information sharing. Understanding the potential of
Facebook for your business and exploiting it in the right way can drive huge amounts of
traffic to your website. Like many other internet marketers, you can enjoy a surge in traffic
with some simple Facebook activities.
Here is what you need to do to start using Facebook to your advantage:
What is a blog?
A blog (a blend of the term web log) is a type of website or part of a website supposed to
be updated with new content from time to time. Blogs are usually maintained by an
individual with regular entries of commentary, descriptions of events, or other material
such as graphics or video. Entries are commonly displayed in reverse-chronological order.
Blog can also be used as a verb, meaning to maintain or add content to a blog.
Although not a must, but most good quality blogs are interactive, allowing visitors to
leave comments and even message each other via widgets on the blogs and it is this
interactivity that distinguishes them from other static websites.
Many blogs provide commentary on a particular subject; others function as more
personal online diaries; yet still others function more as online brand advertising of a
particular individual or company. A typical blog combines text, images, and links to other
blogs, Web pages, and other media related to its topic. The ability of readers to leave
comments in an interactive format is an important part of many blogs. Most blogs are
primarily textual, although some focus on art (art blog), photographs (photo blog), videos
(video blogging or vlogging), music (MP3 blog), and audio (podcasting). Micro blogging
is another type of blogging, featuring very short posts.
As of 16 February 2011, there were over 156 million public blogs in
existence.
Origins
Before blogging became popular, digital communities took many forms, including Usenet,
commercial online services such as Genie, Blix and the early CompuServe, e-mail lists and
Bulletin Board Systems (BBS). In the 1990s, Internet forum software, created running
conversations with "threads." Threads are topical connections between messages on a
virtual "corkboard."
The modern blog evolved from the online diary, where people would keep a running
account of their personal lives. Most such writers called themselves diarists, journalists, or
journalese. Justin Hall, who began personal blogging in 1994 while a student at Swarthmore
College, is generally recognized as one of the earliest bloggers, as is Jerry Purnell. Dave
Winer's Scripting News is also credited with being one of the oldest and longest running
weblogs. Another early blog was Wearable Wireless Webcam, an online shared diary of a
person's personal life combining text, video, and pictures transmitted live from a wearable
computer and Eye Tap device to a web site in 1994. This practice of semi-automated
blogging with live video together with text was referred to as sousveillance, and such
journals were also used as evidence in legal matters.
Early blogs were simply manually updated components of common Web sites. However,
the evolution of tools to facilitate the production and maintenance of Web articles posted
in
reverse chronological order made the publishing process feasible to a much larger, less technical,
population. Ultimately, this resulted in the distinct class of online publishing that produces blogs we
recognize today. For instance, the use of some sort of browser-based software is now a typical
aspect of "blogging". Blogs can be hosted by dedicated blog hosting services, or they can be run
using blog software, or on regular web hosting services.
Some early bloggers, such as The Misanthropic Bitch, who began in 1997, actually
referred to their online presence as a zine, before the term blog entered common usage.
Rise in popularity
After a slow start, blogging rapidly gained in popularity. Blog usage spread during 1999
and the years following, being further popularized by the near-simultaneous arrival of the
first hosted blog tools:
▪ Bruce Abelson launched Open Diary in October 1998, which soon grew to thousands of
online diaries. Open Diary innovated the reader comment, becoming the first blog
community where readers could add comments to other writers' blog entries. ▪ Brad
Fitzpatrick started LiveJournal in March 1999.
▪ Andrew Smiles created Pitas.com in July 1999 as an easier alternative to maintaining a
"news page" on a Web site, followed by Diary land in September 1999, focusing more
on a personal diary community.
▪ Evan Williams and Meg Hourihane (Pyre Labs) launched blogger.com in August
1999 (purchased by Google in February 2003).
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
The crime records reported in 1998 reveal that the growth rate of crimes against
women would be higher than the population growth rate by 2010. (Shocked)?? You
need not to be. This is true. Sadly, speaking we have achieved this. We talk about
women empowerment and development... But can this be enforced by us
Completely!!
NO, they can only be implemented once Women have insurance to their own
safety. Development and empowerment are next step.
We say we are developing. I think the same. Let’s give you a glimpse of our
development. So earlier we had these illegal practices against women.
SATI, JAUHAR, PURDAH (I hope you are aware about all these)
And now we have these Illegal practices against women.
Sexual harassment, Domestic violence, Trafficking, Female infanticides, Eve teasing...
What a development? Earlier some old medieval period words but CRUEL. And now
we have some eastern words but the same cruelty as earlier.
STUDIES
There is a recent study that reveals: -
• 97% of women respondents in Delhi were of the opinion that sexual harassment of
women in Delhi is fairly common.
• 82% of women felt that bus is the most unsafe mode of transport in Delhi. • 88%
of women felt that when a woman is harassed in a public place she rarely or never
gets any help from the public
• Women’s vulnerability to harassment in public spaces crosscuts age, marital status
and economic strata.
• Women are vulnerable in crowded as well as lonely spaces, during the day as well as
in the night.
• Harassment in public spaces has a hugely negative impact on women’s mobility and
access.
• Deviant male behaviour arises from flawed notions of ‘masculinity’.
ANOTHER STUDY BY DISABILITY WORLD – A bimonthly web-zine of
international disability news and views shares a research on Equity to Women
with Disabilities in India on
http://disabilityworld.org/09-11_04/women/india.shtml According to that
research there are certain things we need to concentrate on, like :-
Among approximately 40 countries in the Asia and Pacific region, 25 countries already
have self-help organizations of disabled persons. Twenty of these organizations are
nation-wide cross-disability organizations.
One Indian disabled woman frames the situation this way: "The issues of women with
disabilities are same as other women in India plus more [complex] as they lack access to
education, resulting in all the problems linked with illiteracy such as poverty, lack of
decision-making power and lack of available options. Because of disability they are not
considered to be women who can fulfill the traditional roles of Indian women. Worst of all
I have seen that most women with disabilities who are leaders themselves really believe in
this notion. So, the issue, which needs attention, is lack of recognition of rights. The
concept that a woman has rights is well adopted by the women in India, however not by
women with disabilities."
Tools for Empowerment:
The need for funding support presents a critical challenge for women with disabilities. One
survey respondent summed it up: "there is much to be done and not enough resources to do
it with."
Some of the recommendations to NGOs to more effectively include women with disabilities:
So many researches regarding the security of women have been conducted, like The
International Centre for Research on Women (ICRW) http://www.icrw.org/ has been made
after a lot of research regarding the need of security for women in their own society. The
Organization is made to identify women’s contributions as well as the obstacles that
prevent them from being economically strong and able to fully participate in society. ICRW
translates these insights into a path of action that honours women’s human rights, ensures
gender equality and creates the conditions in which all women can thrive. ICRW research
identifies women's contributions to their communities and the barriers – like HIV, violence,
lack of education – that prevent them from being economically stable and able to fully
participate in society. We provide a path that creates the conditions under which not just
one woman, but millions of women can benefit. We do this by:
WOMENZ WORLD, http://woozone.blogspot.com/ welcomes all the brave hearts who are
willing to change the present condition, those inhuman treatments of women. They provide
a platform to all the divine creatures to share their experiences and fight back. According
to http://woozone.blogspot.com/ “SEXISM STINKS…!!! TIME TO PUT A STOP ON
IT”. The blog has been created only for the awareness and security of women. Woo zone
believes that Women is an amazing creature with a heart of gold, she is a friend, she is a
daughter, a mother, a wife.' she is women'. We sometimes call her weak. Sometimes bold.
She is the one who gives birth to a new life and now time has come when she has to fight
for her survival. The Women World is working to unite all the women together and stand
up for them.
a) To study how New Media has been working for creating awareness regarding
women molestation?
b) To analyze what else can New Media do for awareness in Women’s Development?
c) How far are the audience, i.e., college students and working women (as we are
talking about New Media) being affected by this awareness?
e) To analyze the steps taken by govt. in favour of women seeing the uprising in New Media?
f) Is it encouraging women to come forward as this medium offers total privacy and
freedom to express?
CHAPTER-3
METHODOLOGY
The method of sampling which I would like to adopt is Stratified Sampling. In this method
we have to decide our population in start on the basis of some criteria and from each of
for the purpose of gathering information from respondents. Although they are often
designed for statistical analysis of the responses, this is not always the case.
Questionnaires have advantages over some other types of surveys in that they are cheap, do
not require as much effort from the questioner as verbal or telephone surveys, and often
have standardized answers that make it simple to compile data. However, such
standardized answers may frustrate users. Questionnaires are also sharply limited by the
fact that respondents must be able to read the questions and respond to them. Thus, for
type of survey, questionnaires also have many of the same problems relating to question
DATA ANALYSIS- After collecting the data, analysis will be further done on the basis of
data is a process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modelling data with the goal of
Data analysis has multiple facets and approaches, encompassing diverse techniques under a
4. Do you find matter that influences your thoughts regarding women empowerment
in these websites and blogs? YES NO
GRAPH NO 4:- As per the above analysis, 80 % people find matter that influences their
thoughts regarding women empowerment in these websites and blogs.
7. Do you think that new media (websites and blogs) is becoming more of an
entertainment medium rather than being informative and awareness
medium? NO YES
always
often
sometimes
never
GRAPH NO 9:-As per the above table, only 15% of people are always
affected by these incidents while 20 are never affected by it
10. Do you feel embarrassed while reading any article related to women issues?
always
often
sometimes
never
GRAPH NO 10:- As per the above analysis, 65% people feel embarrass
while reading any article related to women issues
➢ As per the analysis in table 2, 30% people every time visit blogs and websites,
20% visit sometimes, 15% are bored and 10 % are working.
➢ As per the analysis in Table No 3, 40 % people take websites and blogs as a source
of entertainment while 10 % people think it as a medium of getting updated and
other 25% think it as a basis of education.
➢ As per the above analysis in table 4, 80 % people find matter that influences
their thoughts regarding women empowerment in these websites and blogs
➢ As per the analysis in table no 5, only 65 % people find it genuine, even the rest 35
% people doesn’t find it real.
➢ As per the above analysis in table 6 only 55 % people think new media is
creating awareness at its best
➢ As per above analysis in table 7 55 % people think that new media is becoming
more of an entertainment medium, rather than being awareness means.
➢ As per the table 8, around 55% people think that women of age group 15 -25
most often experience violence and insecurity.
➢ As per the analysis in table 9, only 15% of people are always affected by
these incidents while 20 are never affected by it
➢ As per this table 10, 65% people feel embarrass while reading any article related
to women issues
➢ As per the analysis of table no 1135 % people don’t feel the need to do anything
to keep themselves safe.
. Chapter –6
Result and Conclusion
Majority of people visit blogs and website which are related to social issues.
Majority of the people find the information present of blogs and websites genuine.
Majority of them are satisfied with the with the awareness blogs and website
create .
Majority of them feel that women from age group 15-25 are most often experience violence
and insecurity.
If we match above result with our objective we can conclude that blogs and websites are
creating awareness at its best as:
New media (blogs and website) is growing at a random pace these days. New media is
playing an eminent role in creating awareness at a social level. These days thousands of
blogs and web sites are present which educate people regarding different issues of the
society. Blogs and websites create a great impact on people as it chooses sensitive issues of
the society which are most of the time overlooked by the government. In today’s world of
internet blogs and website
Play an important role in educating and awarding people. There are so many websites and
blog are there which talks about women issues like rape, harassment, eve teasing etc. these
kind of sites offer discussion regarding various issues and people also take active part in
these discussions.
With the help of our research it is cleared that a large number of people visit blogs and
websites every day and take interest and active part in the social issues also they find the
information provided by the blog real and genuine. Although there are number of people who
believe these information are fake and misleading. Many people think that blogs and websites are
becoming a medium of entertainment and losing its focus on awareness people also believe that
with entertainment it provide education and information to large number of people as most of the
students and children these days engaged in net surfing. In that’s case blogs and websites on social
issues educate and aware a large mass of people.
The research conducted on blogs and website had few objectives but the main objective was is it
able to create awareness and influencing people which is to some extent achieved as per the result
of our survey.
New media play an important role awaring people regarding different women issues as per our
survey it is clear that women from age group 15 – 25 most often experience violence and
insecurity. The strange part of the survey was a large number of people are never affected
by any incident happened around them or in the society though the number of affecting
people are there but majority of them are not affected by any such incident and also people
don’t feel the need to keep themselves safe.
This research is useful to encourage the use of new media as is the fastest medium of
communication in today’s world not only for the purpose of entertainment but basically
for education and awaring people.
REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
• www.wikipedia.com
• http://www.iwebbs.com/blog/toronto-web-designing/ •
http://www.globalsistergoods.com/countries/india •
http://disabilityworld.org/09-11_04/women/india.shtml •
http://www.icrw.org/
• http://www.wworld.org/index.asp
• http://woozone.blogspot.com/
• http://www.womensenews.org
ANNEXURE
Questionnaire
Name:
Gender: Male/Female
E-mail ID:
Mobile No. :
1) YES 2) NO
4. Do you find matter that influences your thoughts regarding women empowerment in these
websites and blogs?
1) YES 2) NO
1) YES 2) NO
1) YES 2) NO
7. Do you think that new media (websites and blogs) is becoming more of an entertainment
medium rather than being informative and awareness medium?
1) YES 2) NO
8. Which group of women in the city or community most often experience violence and
10. Do you feel embarrassed while reading any article related to women