BASAVARAJESWARI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

BALLARI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY &

MANAGEMENT
NACC Accredited Institution*
(Recognized by Govt. of Karnataka, approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Affiliated to
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi)
"Jnana Gangotri" Campus, No.873/2, Ballari-Hospet Road,
Allipur, Ballar1-583 104 (Karnataka, India)
Ph: 08392 – 237100 / 237190, Fax: 08392 – 237197

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

A Project Report On

“FABRICATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF

MULTIPURPOSE AGRICULTURE MACHINE”

Project Associates
GANESHA M 3BR19ME015
H K SRIKANTH RAJ 3BR19ME017
KIRAN K 3BR19ME027
P SRIKANTH 3BR19ME042
Under the guidance of
GAVISIDDESHA P, BE, M Tech (PhD)
Dept of MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING,
BITM, Ballari.

VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BELAGAVI, KARNATAKA 2022-23
 BASAVARAJESWARI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

BALLARI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY &

MANAGEMENT
NACC Accredited Institution*
(Recognized by Govt. of Karnataka, approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Affiliated to
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi)
"Jnana Gangotri" Campus, No.873/2, Ballari-Hospet Road,
Allipur, Ballar1-583 104 (Karnataka, India)
Ph: 08392 – 237100 / 237190, Fax: 08392 – 237197

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICIAL ENGNEERING

CERTIFICATE
Certified that the Major-Project (phase-1) work entitled “FABRICATION AND
DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIPURPOSE AGRICULTURE MACHINE”, is a bonafide
work carried out by GANESH M, H K SRIKANTH RAJ, KIRAN K, P SRIKANTH the
bonafide students of Ballari Institute of Technology and Management in partial
fulfillment for the award of degree of Bachelor of Engineering in MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING of the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the
academic year 2022-2023. It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for internal
assessment have been incorporated in the report deposited in the departmental library. The
report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of Major-
Project (phase-1) work prescribed for the said Degree.

Prof. GAVISIDDESHA P Dr. V. VENKATA RAMANA

Project guide HOD, Dept. Of ME

 SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT :

Work has been carried out to design and fabricate a multipurpose agricultural vehicle, to perform
agricultural operations like stone picking, pesticide spraying, inter‐cultivating, ploughing. These
operations are carried out in sandy loam deep soil. Some modifications were done which includes
fabricating a compact vehicle which can be moved easily in the fields. Use of hand tools for
cultivation is still leading in India because tractors need resources which many farmers cannot
afford.

Increase in the cost makes small land holding farmers at a risk. Due to this lack of information
suicide rate is increasing yearly, we need to identify the common factor for this. Because of
commercialization of agriculture the suicide rate is increasing. But the crisis remained untouched.
Commercialization of the landscape along with large reduction in investment in agriculture was the
beginning of the decline.

Keywords :

• Stone picking
• Sprayer
• Weed cutting
• PH Indicator
• Multi-Purpose
• Agriculture
• Mechanization

CONCEPT:
The main purpose of this agricultural machine is to modify according to variable needs from an
input power source to the desired output need. As labor and other resources become scarce and
costly we came up with a idea of modifying agricultural machine which fits specific farming
conditions. We have designed a lightweight agri-machine which does stone picking, weed cutting,
spraying fertilizer, soil PH testing.

LITERATURE SURVEY:
1. M.V. Achutha, et al, [2016], In this research paper author has mentioned the four plans for Design and
development. Basic concept is from bicycle on bicycle they have doing operation. And their expected cost
is nearby about 24,000/-Rs. Also, they have done the analysis on Ansys software to check on load
condition to avoid the failure problem while fabrication of the project. They are doing one or two
operation on each plan. Here more manpower is required as they are not using the engine. The Conclusion
from the paper is to decrease the cost. From this paper we are looking how they are doing the operation to
minimise the cost and the analysis are done.
2. F.A. Adamu, B. G. et al [2014] ,In this paper authors draws our attention towards the
performance factor of a power tiller.Among those demand for light weight power tiller was
sought out most Fuel efficiency and field capacity such parameters are also discussed. We taken
those points in consideration while designing a sustainable multifunctional agricultural vehicle.

3. D.A. Mada, Mahai, [2013], In this research paper author has mentioned the magnitude of
automation in agricultural field by giving some instance. The conclusion from the paper was
need of multifunctional vehicle for pre and post harvesting. We have taken this as base of our
research and take further changes in production of our multipurpose agricultural vehicle.

4. V.K. Tewari, A. et al [2012] ,In this research papers author have done case study on farm
mechanization in west Bengal as being part of India it gives clear status about availability and
progress in India. This ensured us to take right steps compared to current steps.

5. Mr. Muhammed Kashif R et al.[2010] , The main objective of this project is to design and
development of semi-automated multipurpose agricultural wheel hoe to use of weeding,
ploughing and cultivating in single equipment. Their aim is to reduce the man power required for
the operation of the wheel hoe.

6. Humbade A.B., Kalingwar C.M. et al.[2008] ,This Project presents work on design of a new
agricultural multipurpose vehicle to be used for various applications. As global competition is
pressing farmers on many fronts, mechanized agriculture has become one of the important
modern agricultural methods.

7. Dr. C.N. Sakhale, et al.[2006], In this research paper author developing equipment which will
satisfy all this need and to solve labour problem. In this equipment they used 24cc engine for
digging operation.

8. V.M. Martin Vimal1,et al.[2005], In this project a multipurpose sowing machine is designed for
small farmers to improve their productivity. In this machine a common seed storage place is
introduced to reduce the cost of the machine. The existing sowing machine had the individual
storage place and separate seed metering mechanism which leads to more cost.

9. Aditya Kawadaskar,et al.[2004],Redesigned and tested the seed sowing machine using CAD
package like PROE. This Paper deals with the various sowing methods used in India for seed
sowing and fertilizer placement. The comparison between the traditional sowing method and the
new proposed machine which can perform a number of simultaneous operations and has number
of advantages.
INTRODUCTION:

General concept of the modifiable multi purpose agricultural machine :

The main purpose of this agricultural machine is to modify according to variable needs from an
input power source to the desired output need. As labour and other resources become scarce and
costly we came up with a idea of modifying agricultural machine which fits specific farming
conditions. We have designed a lightweight agri-machine which does stone picking, weed cutting,
spraying fertilizer, soil PH testing.

The need for improvisation in agriculture is very much essential, it is improvement and sustainability
of the crops mainly depends on the adoption of improved resource conserving cropping systems. But
most of the necessary components already exist, the information about the availability and
performance of equipment is very poor between farmers and agricultural research and development
departments. From the recent years the input to the farms increased such as fertilizer, insecticide,
pesticides, HYV seeds, farm labor cost etc.

Uses of the agri machine:

The agri machine can be used for stone picking, weed cutting, spraying fertilizer, soil PH
testing in single equipment. Our aim is to reduce the man power needed for the operation of
the machine. The machine is run by couple of motors that are battery power.

The developed system used for spraying the fertilizer, pesticides, fungicides and insecticides.

• Easy in construction

• More economical

• Easy to clean and maintain

• It is a renewable energy powered

• It does not create air pollution

• Easy to handle

• Do not require fuel hence cost reduce & Light in weight 

PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION:

In India, Agriculture with its allied sectors, is the largest source of livelihoods. 70 percent of its
rural households still depend primarily on agriculture for their livelihood, with 82 percent of
farmers being small and marginal. These farmers can't afford costly equipment’s and machines.
And they have to put more human and animal effort.
1. Lack of mechanization in farming.
2. Required excess efforts for different process.
3. Required more man power.
4. Excess time consumption for performing individual process.
Following are the common agricultural problems:

1. Manual stone picking

2. Health issues raised while spraying
3. Unwanted plants (weeds)
4. Soil PH

1. Manual stone picking :

A major problem today is about removing the stones from the fields. We have observed
generally a small group of women are assigned to pick the stones and pebbles before the start of
cropping season. While there are several machines for sowing, spraying and harvesting till date,
so we developed a simple light weighted machine.

2. Health issues raised while spraying :

In our country there are many farmers who do not use costly sprayers rather they carry
spraying equipment on their back facing many health hazards like lower back-pain, lungs
and respiratory problems by inhaling the small misty particles of the fertilizers (or
pesticides), joint disorders and even cancers.

3. Unwanted plants (weeds) :

Weed are the unwanted plants which grow alongside crops which hinders the
productivity of the land.

4. Soil PH :

Over use of pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, fertilizers etc., intrudes the natural PH of the soil
making the soil acidic. Improper knowledge of the PH level stunt
METHODOLOGY:
Construction details and Specifications:

Components of multipurpose agro equipment

1. Spraying pipe

2. Solar panel

3. Batteries

4. Pump Motor

5. Switch & Toggle

6. Frame

7. Ground wheel

8. Cutter

9. 3 axis attachments

10. PH tester

11. Twin end blower

12. Conical plastic flask

13. Charging circuit

14. Gears and Belt drives

Blower and seed frame chamber A frame is made up of hard carbon steel which gives the desired
strength and lightness, it includes all the three equipment together i.e. pesticide sprayer, stone picker,
and weed cutter. In this frame, a retractable link is fixed to the top end of which a solar photovoltaic
panel is fixed that converts solar power into electricity. This electricity is then provided to the battery
via a charging circuit and is used for charging the battery. Electric power from this battery is given to
an electric motor via control switches, by controlling which entire device can be opened. The pump
is connected spray pipe. Liquid insecticide is sprayed on the crops using Spray pipe, which receives
liquid from a reservoir with the help of a pump. This pump is driven by another DC motor that
receives power from the same battery. Thus insecticide in liquid form is sprayed.

The equipment consists of a belt (meshed belt or strainer) and gear system along with a sand picking
flat plate metal sheet to separate the stones from the soil and strain back the soil to the land collecting
stones in the container. The agro machine equips a crop cutter for cutting out the crops. The handle
casing on it makes it more comfortable. It consists of a wheel in the front. The equipment thus serves
as a friendly tool for the farmer and also making it economical, the electricity could be stored; to be
used at night or in no sun condition.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION:

 Multipurpose agriculture equipment can perform a number of functions like stone picking,
weed cutting, spraying fertilizer, soil PH testing.

 To minimize the cost, this equipment can be run on battery power.

 To Easy handling. Also there will be a minimum weight and compact in size.

 To Spraying and Inter-cultivating can be done simultaneously, it will reduce the labor cost.

CONCLUSION AND SCOPE OF THE PROJECT :

After the designing and analysis of the “Multipurpose Agricultural Machine" conclusion which we
made are as follows:

 Based on the overall performance of the machine we can definitely say that the project will
satisfy the need of small-scale farmer, because they are not able to purchase costly agricultural
equipment.

 The machine require less man power and less time compared to traditional methods, so if we
manufacture it on a large scale its cost get significantly reduced and we hope this will satisfy the
partial thrust of Indian agriculture. So in this way we solve the labor problem that is the need of
today’s farming in India.

 Unique machine designed to carry out the task of stone picking, weed cutting, spraying the
fertilizer, soil PH testing is developed. It overcomes the problem associated with conventional
spray and stone picking such as back pain due to weight carried on back on person.

 This is a handy machine which will be helpful to improve the performance during farming
operations. The device is made such that can be easily operated in field. The steering mechanism
is easier to operate and simple.

 Equipment controls are handy and easily accessible. The control switch is provided for spraying
operations. Thus, this fabrication is value for money.
REFERENCES:

1. M.V. Achutha, et al , Concept International Journal of Innovative Research in

Advanced Engineering, AM Publications, 2016.

2. F.A. Adamu, B. G. et al [2014] In this paper authors draws our attention towards the
performance factor of a power tiller.

3. D.A. Mada, Mahai, [2013], In this research paper author has mentioned the magnitude of
automation in agricultural field by giving some instance.

4. V.K. Tewari, A. et al [2012] In this research papers author have done case study on farm
mechanization in west Bengal as being part of India it gives clear status about availability
and progress in India.

5. Mr. Muhammed Kashif R et al.[2010] The main objective of this project is to design and
development of semi-automated multipurpose agricultural wheel hoe to use of weeding,
ploughing and cultivating in single equipment.

6. Humbade A.B., Kalingwar C.M. et al.[2008]This Project presents work on design of a

new agricultural multipurpose vehicle to be used for various applications.

7. Dr. C.N. Sakhale, et al.[2006], In this research paper author developing equipment which will
satisfy all this need and to solve labour problem. In this equipment they used 24cc engine for
digging operation.

8. V.M. Martin Vimal1,et al.[2005], In this project a multipurpose sowing machine is designed for
small farmers to improve their productivity. In this machine a common seed storage place is
introduced to reduce the cost of the machine.

9. Aditya Kawadaskar,et al.[2004],Redesigned and tested the seed sowing machine using CAD
package like PROE. This Paper deals with the various sowing methods used in India for seed
sowing and fertilizer placement. The comparison between the traditional sowing method and the
new proposed machine.