PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCY

EXAMINATION (PCE)
The structure, the format, the syllabi…

Presented by:
1) Ir. CHEN THIAM LEONG - Chairman for PCE (Common) Working Committee
2) Ir. WONG LOO MIN - Chairman for PCE (Civil) Working Committee
3) Ir. WONG SEE FOONG - Chairman for PCE (Mechanical) Working Committee
4) Ir. WONG SHU LEONG - Chairman for PCE (Electrical) Working Committee

pce@bem.org.my

Date: 13th October 2020

1
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 AIM OF THE PROFESSIONAL
COMPETENCY EXAMINATION

The Professional Competency Examination will test the

candidates within the limits of “professional engineering
services” as defined by the Engineers Act in the engineering
disciplines of civil & structural, mechanical and electrical
engineering (primarily for the CONSTRUCTION industry).

The examination will test the candidate’s knowledge, experience

and application of:

Regulations and rules of engineering practice by BEM

Statutory laws, design codes, regulations
Standards of professionalism and ethical behaviour imposed by
BEM

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 In a nutshell ....

the Professional Assessment Examination (PAE)

tests an Engineer on WHAT HE KNOWS but not on
what he does not know ....... to obtain his PE

the Professional Competency Examination (PCE)

tests a PE on what he does not know but OUGHT
TO KNOW ...... to obtain his PEPC

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 PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCY EXAMINATION
COMMITTEE UNDER E&Q

E&Q PCE
Committee

PANEL OF
Paper 2C MODERATORS
Civil

Confidentiality of the Competency Examination is important ……..

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 SUMMARY OF THE EXAMINATION SYSTEM
PROFESSIONAL
COMPETENCY
EXAMINATION

PART A PART B
Common for all Specific for Civiil, Mech
engineering disciplines and Elect disciplines

PAPER 1 PAPER 2
Civil Mechanical Electrical
Objective Subjective
Discipline Discipline Discipline
questions questions

PAPER 1 PAPER 1 PAPER 1

Objective Objective Objective
questions questions questions

PAPER 2 PAPER 2 PAPER 2

Subjective Subjective Subjective
questions questions questions

Primarily developed for the Construction Industry ………

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 ELIGIBILITY TO SIT FOR THE EXAMINATION

• Professional Engineers wishing to sit for the PCE shall apply to

BEM by completing a prescribed form and pay the prescribed
fees

• Eligible candidates for the PCE must be a Professional Engineer

registered with the Board in the appropriate discipline

• Candidates seeking registration as a licensed Submitting Person

in the construction industry must have the relevant working
experience in the field of engineering which he wishes to
practise

• On approval of the candidate’s application by the Board, the

candidate is allowed to sit for the examination

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 EXAMINATION REGULATIONS FOR THE PCE

PCE COMPRISES 2 PARTS: PART A & PART B

Regulations for the examination:

• Compulsory to pass both the papers (1 & 2) in Part A and Part B

• Candidates must pass both the papers (1 & 2) for Part A and Part
B at one sitting
• If a candidate passes Part A but fails Part B, he is allowed to re-
sit the latter, and vice versa
• The 'pass' result for Part A or Part B is valid for 3 years and there
is no limit on re-sit attempts on the other (failed) Part within the
3-year period
• After expiry of the 3-year period, the candidate will have to re-sit
both Parts again.
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 PCE: PART A

PART A – COMMON PAPER

* To be taken by all candidates

* Non-technical in nature

* Tests candidate's knowledge on laws governing the profession,

the responsibility of the professional towards the general public
and standards of professionalism and ethical behaviour, etc.

There are two papers for this Part A – Paper 1 and Paper 2

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 PCE: PART B

PART B – PAPER ON INDIVIDUAL DISCIPLINE

* To be taken by candidates in the relevant discipline in which they

are permitted to practise

* Technical in nature

* Test candidate’s competency within his respective field of

practice on :
Regulations and rules of practice by BEM
Statutory laws, design standards, regulations, etc.

There are two papers for this Part B – Paper 1 and Paper 2

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 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PCE
COMPRISES 2 PARTS: PART A & PART B
Subject Time Allocated Description
Common paper is to be taken by all candidates.
Consists of 2 papers Non-technical in nature to test candidates on
knowledge of laws governing the profession,
PART A
Paper 1 (Objective) responsibility of a professional towards the general
Common
Paper 2 (Subjective) public, standards of professionalism and ethical
Paper
1.5 + 1.5 hours behaviour, etc. Consists of two papers, namely
Paper 1 and Paper 2.
Candidates must pass both papers at one sitting.
Consists of 2 papers Technical paper on Civil & Structural; Mechanical;
PART B and Electrical engineering. Candidates to sit for
Paper Paper 1 (Objective) Papers in the relevant discipline they are permitted
specific Paper 2 (Subjective) to practise. Test candidate's competency within his
for each 1.5 + 1.5 hrs respective field of practice. Consists of two papers,
discipline namely Paper 1 and Paper 2.
Candidates must pass both papers at one sitting.

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 FORMAT & STRUCTURE OF THE PCE
TIME
PART A FORMAT
ALLOCATED
Paper 1 1.5 hours 40 objective questions. Passing mark 50%
Common Paper
(For all disciplines) Answer 3 out of 5 subjective questions.
Paper 2 1.5 hours
Passing mark 50%
TIME
PART B FORMAT
ALLOCATED
1.5 hours
Paper 1 40 objective questions. Passing mark 50%
Civil Paper
1.5 hours Answer 3 out of 5 subjective questions.
Paper 2
Passing mark 50%
1.5 hours
Paper 1 40 objective questions. Passing mark 50%
Mechanical Paper
1.5 hours Answer 3 out of 5 subjective questions.
Paper 2
Passing mark 50%
1.5 hours
Paper 1 40 objective questions. Passing mark 50%
Electrical Paper
1.5 hours Answer 3 out of 5 subjective questions.
Paper 2
Passing mark 50%
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 Examiners/Markers for the Examination

Applicable for both Part A and Part B - Paper 2:

 Each Candidate's answer script will be

independently marked by 2 examiners.
 A Candidate will pass or fail in Paper 2 only when
both examiners pass or fail him.
 In the event, one examiner passes him while the
other fails him, then a third examiner will be
appointed to mark a fresh set of the answer script.
The third examiner's result will be deemed as final.

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 PART A – Common Paper 1 & 2
Category Weightage

Engineers Act & Professional Practice 35%

Common Laws, Local Acts & Local Authorities 30%

Construction Contract Laws 25%
ECP Business & Management 10%

Note: Questions may comprise combination of some or all of the above categories.

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 Engineers Act & Professional Practice - 35%
Laws & regulations governing the engineering profession in Malaysia
Engineer's responsibility to society and to the public
Professionalism on a conceptual basis, ethical conduct and professional practice
- REA, Regulations, Circulars, LOR, etc

Common Laws, Local Acts & Local Authorities - 30%

Overview of laws having relevance - UBBL/SBO, CCC/CFO/OC, etc

Construction Contract Laws - 25%

Basic knowledge of Contract Laws practised locally with respect to the Construction
Industry - CIPAA , CIDB, etc

ECP Business & Management - 10%

An in-depth knowledge of the functions of the consulting engineer during various
stages of project implementation - BEM Model Form of Agreement, SOF, etc
Management of ECP business - Companies Act, EPF, SOCSO, etc
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 PART A: Common Paper 1 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q1. A local Consultant enters into an agreement with a foreign

Contractor to carry out engineering consultancy services for
a Turnkey Contract in that country. Mid-way through the
project, war breaks out in that country. What is the effect?

A. The Contract is valid and enforceable

B. The Contract is frustrated
C. The Contract is suspended
D. The Contract is discharged
E. The Contract is void

[Construction Contract Law]

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 PART A: Common Paper 1 - SAMPLE QUESTION
Q2. Which of the following statements is/are true?
a) Only Mechanical PEPCs can submit active fire protection
plans
b) Only Civil or Mechanical PEPCs can submit passive fire
protection plans for industrial buildings
c) PEPCs of any discipline can submit active fire protection
plans
d) Only Electrical PEPCs can submit electrical plans

A. a)
B. a) and d)
C. a), b) and d)
D. c)
E. b), c) and d)
[Professional Practice, Local Laws]

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 PART A: Common Paper 1 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q3. Which of the following statements is false?

A. The BEM Scale of Fees is mandatory

B. A Sole Proprietorship practising as an ECP must be
registered with BEM
C. All ECPs must be registered with BEM
D. Professional Fees based on man months do not
contravene the BEM Scale of Fees
E. For a private project, a consultant may exclude
provision of supervision and hence need not charge
the corresponding professional fees

[REA & ECP]

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 PART A: Common Paper 2 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q1. A contractor applies for Extension of Time (EOT) before his

contract completion period expires. The Contract Administrator
does not respond and the original contract completion date is
passed. One month later, the Contract Administrator issues a
V.O. for additional works to the Contractor. The Contractor
refuses to carry out the V.O. works. What can the Contract
Administrator do under this situation?

[Construction Contract Law, Common Law]

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 PART A: Common Paper 2 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q2. A Consultant has carried out substantial works on a project and

the Employer encounters financial difficulties. He suspends the
project. On resumption, he terminates the Consultant's
employment citing use of in-house consultants to complete the
works due to financial constraints. What is the legal effect of
the termination and what financial compensation can the
consultant seek?

[Construction Contract Law and REA]

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 PART B – Civil Paper 1 & 2
Category Weightage

Geotechnical 20%

Infra-structural 30%

Structural 40%

Regulations, submission and Contract administration 10%

The above percentage is only a broad guideline and may be varied.

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 Geotechnical Works

• Planning of soil investigation for earthworks, footings and piled

foundations
• General knowledge of different soil and rock formations
• Types of laboratory tests for earthworks and foundation
• Interpretation of test results

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 Earthworks
• Suitable filling materials and tests
• Construction control at site
• Hill side development, slope stability
• Settlement analysis
• Slope stabilisation and soft ground treatment
• Selection of subsoil/rock design parameters
• Erosion control
• Ground monitoring

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 Structures
• Foundation design of pads, raft, pile caps
• Earth retaining structures
• Temporary works for excavation
• Basic structural analysis
• Concrete and steel structures design
• Pre- stressed concrete
• Composite design

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 Water and Sewerage
• Acts and design guidelines
• Water demand and sewerage discharge
• Net work analysis, hydraulic calculation
• Master planning requirements

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 Road and Drainage
• Arahan Teknik JKR and MSMA
• Vertical and horizontal alignment
• Acceleration, deceleration, and junction
• Superelevation
• Road pavement design
• Hydrological calculation
• Drainage design
• Storage pond

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 Regulations, submission and Contract Administration
• Certificate of Completion and Compliance
• Streets, Drainage and Buildings Act
• Fire requirements for civil engineers
• Civil engineer as PSP
• Administration of Civil Engineering Contract

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 PART B: Civil Paper 1 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q1. Which of the following statements is true for circular columns?

A. Minimum no. of bars is 8, size of bar is not less than

10 mm
B. Minimum no. of bars is 8, size of bar is not less than
12 mm
C. Minimum no. of bars is 6, size of bar is not less than
10 mm
D. Minimum no. of bars is 6, size of bar is not less than
12 mm
E. None of the above

[Code of Practice]
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 PART B: Civil Paper 1 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q2. What is the minimum residual pressure head for an external

hydrant system required by Bomba.
A. 3.0 m
B. 7.5 m
C. 12.5 m
D. 10.0 m
E. 9.0 m

[Bomba requirements]

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 PART B: Civil Paper 1 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q3. What is the fire resistance requirement for a concrete structure

of an underground basement car-park?
A. One hour
B. Half an hour
C. Two hours
D. Four hours
E. One & half hours

[UBBL/SBO]

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 PART B: Civil Paper 2 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q1. A 3-storey basement car park is to be built with an excavation

of approximately 15.0 m from the existing ground level. The
water table is 1.0 m below the existing ground level. You are
required to provide a solution on the structural system for the
retaining walls of the basement.

Note:
This question can be answered in ½ hr. if it is expected that the
answer is only descriptive in nature.
However if a plan of basement & sections are provided with the
soil properties then this question will take at least 1 hr where it
is expected that sketches and typical details are to be produced
with supporting calculations.
[Retaining structures & safeguarding public interest]
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 PART B: Civil Paper 2 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q2. You are the infrastructure engineer for a housing development

scheme for a 500-acre project. What is your advice to the
Developer, Planner and Architect in terms of requirements for
drainage, sewerage, water reservoirs, retention ponds and
earthwork for the application for master plan?

Note:
Question can be answered in ½ hr provided that the answer is
descriptive in nature. The layout plan of the housing scheme
with contours is provided and rough estimate of sizes and areas
where these services should be located. It tests a candidate’s
knowledge in master planning.

[Acts and submission]

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 PART B – Mechanical Paper 1 & 2
Category Weightage

ACMV 40%

Fire Protection 30%

Hydraulics 20%

Other Systems 10%

Note: Questions may comprise combination of some or all of the above categories.

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 Mechanical Syllabus Outline - 1
A. Relevant Regulations
• Street, Drainage and Building Act 1974
• Uniform Building By-Laws 1984
• Factories and Machinery Act 1967
• Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994
• Fire Services Act 1988 and Regulations
• Water Services Industry Act 2006 and
regulations

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 Mechanical Syllabus Outline - 2
B. Air-Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation
• Basic refrigeration cycle and psychometric chart
• Types of air-conditioning systems and local
applications
• Air-conditioning design considerations
• Mechanical ventilation systems and design
• Smoke control and pressurization systems
• Energy conservation considerations

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 Mechanical Syllabus Outline - 3
C. Fire Protection
• Fire safety requirements for buildings
• Design considerations and standards for
• Wet systems such as hydrants, Wet / Dry risers, Hose
reels, Automatic sprinklers, etc.
• Dry systems such as fire alarm and detection, firemen
intercom, fire annunciation, CMS, etc.
• Fixed gaseous extinguishing systems,
• Emergency power, lighting, exit signs,
• Fire lifts
• Submission to Bomba for design and installation approval
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 Mechanical Syllabus Outline - 4
D. Hydraulics
• SPAN Uniform Technical Guidelines
• Cold water supply, storage and distribution
• Hot water generation and circulation
• Sanitary and waste plumbing
• Booster pumps, sewage pumps and accessories
• Submission to water licensees such as Syabas
• Submission to local authorities for sanitary

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 Mechanical Syllabus Outline - 5
E. Other Systems
• Lifts and escalators
• LPG / natural gas storage and distribution
• Submissions to JKKP
• Submissions to Suruhanjaya Tenaga dan Gas

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 PART B: Meachanical Paper 1 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q1. Which of the following is not applicable for active fire designs?
A. MS 1472
B. MS 1780
C. MS 1910
D. MS 1525
E. Guide to Fire Protection in Malaysia

[Design codes for Mechanical Services]

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 PART B: Mechanical Paper 1 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q2. Which of the following requirement not stipulated in the UBBL

or SBO is not true?

A. Smoke spill system must be provided for any fire

compartmented area exceeding 1,000 m2
B. The first stage wet riser tank cannot be installed
above the ground floor
C. Sprinkler tank may be installed at roof level
D. A wet riser system cannot contain more than 4 riser
stacks
E. A hose reel system cannot contain more than 8 riser
stacks

[UBBL & Bomba]

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 PART B: Mechanical Paper 1 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q3. Fire lifts are required for buildings where the topmost
occupied floor is;

A. Over 30.5 m
B. Over 18.5 m
C. Over 1,000 m2
D. Over 18.5 m and 1,000 m2
E. Over 30.5 m and 1,000 m2

[UBBL & Bomba]

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 PART B: Mechanical Paper 2 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q1. You are appointed to design the air conditioning and

mechanical ventilation system for the retrofit of a 20-year old,
25-storey Office Building with a nett rentable area of 1500m2
per floor. Your client requires for the new air conditioning
system to have minimum running costs and with flexibility to
cater for after normal office-hour occupation by some of the
tenants.

List the types of air conditioning systems you would consider

and recommend. Elaborate the reasons for your
recommendation and how you would ensure compliance to
current local authority requirements. Also list down specific
areas not within your responsibility and capability where you
need your client to seek expert advice.

[ACMV]

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 PART B: Mechanical Paper 2 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q2. The following complaints have been received from building

occupants. Briefly describe what you think are the likely causes
of these problems and the solutions you would propose.
a) Office occupants seating next to window complain of
unsatisfactory air conditioning. Your on-site measurement
shows the design temperature of 240C DB and 55% RH is
achieved.
b) Hotel guests complain it takes a long time to get hot water
from their toilet showers and the water temperature fluctuates
during their showers.
c) The contractor was unable to achieve specified background
noise level of NC 25 for the auditorium even though he has
followed manufacturer’s recommendation of internal duct
lining as well as installed silencers.

[ACMV & Hydraulics]

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 PART B – Electrical Paper 1 & 2
Category Weightage

Regulatory Practice 20%

Electricity Supply System 25%

System Protection 15%

Building Systems 30%

Infrastructure 10%
Note: Questions may comprise combination of some or all of the above categories.
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 Electrical Syllabus Outline - 1
A. Regulatory Practice
• Registration of Engineers Act 1967
• Street, Drainage and Building Act
• Uniform Building By-Law
• The Electricity Supply Act 1990 and Sarawak Electricity
Ordinance
• The Energy Commission Act 2001
• Factories and Machinery Act 1967
• Fire Services Act 1988 (Act 341)
• The Communications and Multimedia Act 1998

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 Electrical Syllabus Outline - 2
B. Electricity Supply System

• Generation, transmission and distribution system

• High Voltage System
• Generation System
• Medium Voltage System and Equipment
• Low Voltage Distribution System
• Power Quality and Electromagnetic Compatibility

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 Electrical Syllabus Outline - 3
C. System Protection

• Basic concepts
• Short Circuit & System Discrimination
• Types of protection relay
• Instrumentations
• Unit Protection Requirement

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 Electrical Syllabus Outline - 4

D. Building Systems

• Lighting System
• Lightning Protection
• Fire Protection For Electrical Engineers
• Extra Low Voltage System
• Vertical and Horizontal transportation
• Hazardous Environment
• Energy Efficiency

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 Electrical Syllabus Outline - 5
E. Infrastructure
• Exterior Lighting
• Traffic Control System
• Special Systems

Common Requirements
• Work Acceptance
• Ingress Protection (IP) Classification for Enclosures
• Switchboard forms of Segregation

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 PART B: Electrical Paper 1 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q1. Which of the following statements does not describe the

function of the Minister under “The Electricity Supply Act”

A. Efficient use of energy

B. Power to fix tariff for electricity
C. Competency of persons in charge
D. Licensing of electrical installation
E. Control of electrical equipment and plant for safety

[Regulatory Practice]

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 PART B: Electrical Paper 1 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q2. Which is the best installation method to minimize eddy current

losses in single core cable sheaths ?

A. Flat formation
B. Trefoil formation
C. Alternate formation
D. Cross bonding of sheaths
E. Bundle in air

[Electrical Supply System]

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 PART B: Electrical Paper 1 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q3. What is expected short circuit current at 400V if a 1000kVA

transformer of 11/0.4kV with an impedance of 5% is connected
to a 11kV infinite bus ?

A. 8,000 Amps
B. 1,250 Amps
C. 50,000 Amps
D. 2,886 Amps
E. 28,868 Amps

[System Protection]

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 PART B: Electrical Paper 2 - SAMPLE QUESTION
Q1. You are requested to plan the electrical installation for a modern 8-storey
commercial building with the following information:
a. Building aircond with 1x35HP ACPU service basement and ground floor, 7
sets 17HP APU for each floors, 1x7HP and 1x25HP ACPU on the 8th Floor
b. 1x15HP lift motor at roof and 1x5HP water pump at basement floor
c. Lighting and other power loads per floor (including basement and ground)
at estimated 5kW and 4kW respectively.
d. The landlord will be responsible for the consumption with respect to aircond
on all floors, lift, water pumps, lighting and power in stairs and basement.
e. The basement floor will house TNB substation and consumer main switch
board whilst the rest of the floors will be sublet for offices.
Draw a single line diagram of the installation showing the sizes of main
conductors, method of running, rating of switches and metering arrangement
on the main intake board and individual metering by the TNB for each floor.
[Building Systems]
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 PART B: Electrical Paper 2 - SAMPLE QUESTION

Q2. Answer completely the following two questions:

a) As a electrical consulting engineer, described clearly the

general procedures which would be established for
acceptance of works under your supervision.

b) Describe the role of SIRIM certification in the work

acceptance procedure.

[Infrastructure & Common Requirements]

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 PCE TIPS
1. Time Management

Paper 1: 40 Qs in 90 mins - average 2 mins/Q with 10 mins

spare for checking/collating
Answer all those questions you know first and then come back
to those you are not sure.

Paper 2: 3 Qs in 90 mins - 30 mins/Q.

Use the extra time given at the beginning to read the Qs
thoroughly and select the 3 out of the 5 Qs to answer.

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 PCE TIPS

2. Answer the Long Question directly

Read and understand the Question properly and then answer to the point.

No extra marks will be given for beating round the bush.

Do not 'copy and paste' wholesale from any open books, documents or workshop
manuals. You can miss answering the question completely.

Disclaimer: This slide is property of BEM and the information cannot be used as official statement from BEM. The information is only valid on the date of its establishment and you may refer to BEM for new update.
 Q & A SESSION

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Disclaimer: This slide is property of BEM and the information cannot be used as official statement from BEM. The information is only valid on the date of its establishment and you may refer to BEM for new update.
 THANK YOU

“Committed To Engineering Excellence”

BOARD OF ENGINEERS MALAYSIA

Tingkat 11 & 17, Blok F Ibu Pejabat JKR
Jalan Sultan Salahuddin, 50580 Kuala Lumpur
http://www.bem.org.my
enquiry@bem.org.my or complaint@bem.org.my.
Tel: 03-26912090; 03-26107095/96 Fax: 03-26925017

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