SRM VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(An Autonomous Institution)

SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur – 603 203

DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL ELECTRONICS

QUESTION BANK

VI SEMESTER - MDE

1910603 – BIOMECHANICS

Regulation – 2019

Academic Year 2021 – 22(EVEN)

Prepared by

Mr. Satheeswaran C, Assistant Professor (O.G) / MDE

 SRM VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(An Autonomous Institution)
SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur – 603 203.
DEPARTMENT MEDICAL ELECTRONICS

QUESTION BANK

SUBJECT : 1910603 BIOMECHANICS

SEM / YEAR : VI / III

UNIT I – INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICS

Introduction – Scalars and vectors, Statics – Force types, Resolution and composition of forces,
Moments of force and couple, Resultant force determination, parallel forces in space, equilibrium of
coplanar forces, Dynamics, Basic principles – Linear motion, Newton‘s laws of motion, Impulse and
Momentum, Work and Energy Kinetics – Velocity and acceleration, Kinematics – Link segment
models, Force transducers, Force plates, Introduction to Constitutive equations – Constitutive
equations of Nonviscous fluid, Newtonian Viscous fluid and Hookean Elastic solid
PART – A
Q.No Questions BT Competence
Level
1. Classify the types of forces. State its causes. BTL 2 Understanding
2. Why do we need constitutive equation? BTL 1 Remembering
3. List the important divisions of dynamics. BTL 1 Remembering
4. Define concurrent and non-concurrent forces. BTL 1 Remembering
5. Outline the concept of linear motion. BTL 2 Understanding
6. Differentiate kinetics and kinematics. BTL 4 Analyzing
7. Summarize the applications of biomechanics. BTL 3 Applying
8. Give some examples of scalar and vector quantity. BTL 1 Remembering
9. State the conditions of equilibrium. BTL 1 Remembering
10. Interpret the three Newtons’ laws of motion. BTL 2 Understanding
11. Write scalar and vector quantity in terms of biomechanics. BTL 4 Analyzing
12. What is meant by velocity and acceleration? BTL 1 Remembering
13. Outline the importance of work, power and energy. BTL 5 Evaluating
14. Compare stress and strain. BTL 3 Applying
15. Calculate the force acting on a body of mass 1.0 kg is falling with an BTL 6 Creating
acceleration of 10m/s2.
16. Assess the meaning of center of gravity. BTL 5 Evaluating
17. Distinguish between resolution and composition of forces. BTL 4 Analyzing
18. Identify and state the law used in Hookean elastic solid. BTL 3 Applying

19. Mention the parameters required to characterize the force. BTL 2 Understanding
20. A 200N force accelerates the scooter at 3.0 m/s2. Determine the mass of BTL 6 Creating
scooter.
 PART B
What is biomechanics? Explain the different forces that acts on the body.
1. BTL 1 Remembering
(13)
Illustrate the following in detail.
2. (i) Scalar quantity. (6) BTL 2 Understanding
(ii) Vector quantity. (7)
Explain Newtons law and give necessary example relating to the
3. BTL 3 Applying
physiological system. (13)
4. Elaborate in detail about the resolution and composition of forces. (13) BTL 6 Creating
5. Express the velocity and acceleration with suitable diagram. (13) BTL 3 Applying
6. Write briefly on vector method for resultant force determination. (13) BTL 1 Remembering
7. Derive the constitutive equations of non-viscous fluid. (13) BTL 6 Creating

8. Discuss the motion of viscous fluid and derive Navier stokes equation. (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
9. Explain in detail about the motion mechanics. (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
10. What are the special foci of kinetic and kinematic analyses with suitable
BTL 5 Evaluating
examples?
11. Write short notes on parallel forces in space. (13) BTL 1 Remembering

12. Summarize the moments of force and couple. (13) BTL 2 Understanding
Describe the term linear motion used to indicate the motion of points or
13. BTL 2 Understanding
particles. (13)
14. Discuss briefly about the Hookean Elastic solid. (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
PART C

A rectangular body is subjected to forces as shown in figure. Find the

resultant of the forces. (15)

1. BTL 5 Evaluating

Summarize about the Newtonian viscous fluid with necessary equation.

2. BTL 5 Evaluating
(15)
3. Explain in detail about the link segment model in kinematics. (15) BTL 6 Creating
4. Elaborate in detail the Newtons law of motion. (15) BTL 6 Creating
 UNIT II – BIOFLUID MECHANICS
Intrinsic fluid properties – Density, Viscosity, Compressibility and Surface Tension, Viscometers –
Capillary, Coaxial cylinder and cone and plate, Rheological properties of blood, Pressure-flow
relationship for Non-Newtonian Fluids, Fluid mechanics in straight tube – Steady Laminar flow,
Turbulent flow, Flow development, Viscous and Turbulent Sheer Stress, Effect of pulsatility, Boundary
Layer Separation, Structure of blood vessels, Material properties and modeling of Blood vessels, Heart
–Cardiac muscle characterisation, Native heart valves – Mechanical properties and valve dynamics,
Prosthetic heart valve fluid dynamics.
PART – A
Q.No Questions BT Level Competence
1. What are heart sounds? BTL 1 Remembering
2. How is shear stress developed in laminar and turbulent fluid flow? BTL 1 Remembering
3. Differentiate viscometer and rheometer. BTL 4 Analyzing
4. Compile the signs of worsening heart failure. BTL 6 Creating
5. Summarize the applications of viscosity. BTL 3 Applying
6. Define Viscosity. BTL 1 Remembering
7. Sketch the structure of heart. BTL 2 Understanding
8. List the four types of heart valves. Give their functions. BTL 1 Remembering
9. Identify the other name of surface tension. BTL 2 Understanding
10. Interpret the most common symptoms of heart valve disease. BTL 3 Applying
11. Classify the different types of viscometer. BTL 4 Analyzing
12. Name the three physical properties of fluid. BTL 1 Remembering
13. Draw the typical pressure and flow curves for the left heart. BTL 5 Evaluating
14. Construct the graph of some abnormal cardiac patterns. BTL 5 Evaluating
15. Discuss the advantages of artificial heart valves. BTL 6 Creating
16. What are systolic and diastolic pressure? BTL 3 Applying
17. Distinguish between cohesion and surface tension. BTL 4 Analyzing
18. Outline the different methods of preventing the separation of boundary
BTL 2 Understanding
layer.
19. Mention the different types of heart sounds. BTL 2 Understanding
20. How does a Couette viscometer work? BTL 1 Remembering
PART B
1. What is Cardiac cycle? Explain it with neat graph. (13) BTL 1 Remembering
Illustrate the following in detail.
2. (i) Density. (6) BTL 2 Understanding
(ii) Viscosity. (7)
With neat diagram explain how viscosity is measured using Poiseuille
3. BTL 6 Creating
law. (13)
A patient has a stenotic aortic valve producing a pressure drop between
the left ventricle and the aorta. The mean velocity in the left ventricle
4. proximal (upstream) to the valve is 1 m/s while the mean velocity in the BTL 5 Evaluating
aorta distal (downstream) of the valve is 4 m/s. Applying Equation
p1-p2=4v22, determine the pressure drop across the valve (13)
5. Explain in detail about the cardiovascular system. (13) BTL 2 Understanding
6. Write a briefly on structural components of the blood vessel wall .(13) BTL 2 Understanding
7. Derive the pressure flow relationship for non-Newtonian fluids. (13) BTL 1 Remembering
 8. Discuss in detail about mechanical heart valves. . (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
9. Explain in detail about the Rheological properties of blood. (13) BTL 1 Remembering
Write brief notes on the following
10. (i) Compressibility (7) BTL 1 Remembering
(ii) Surface tension (6)
11. Write short notes on cone and plate viscometer. (13) BTL 3 Applying
Summarize and derive the capillary viscometer with necessary equation.
12. BTL 3 Applying
(13)
13. Describe the material behavior of blood vessels. (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
14. Discuss briefly about Laminar flow. (13) BTL 4 Analyzing

PART C

1. Discuss in detail about the electrical activities of the heart. (15) BTL 5 Evaluating

2. Explain in detail about the cardiac output. (15) BTL 5 Evaluating

3. Elaborate in detail about the vascular mechanics. (15) BTL 6 Creating
Describe the following in detail
(i) Conduction system of the heart (8)
4. BTL 6 Creating
(ii) Heart sounds (3)
(iii) Heart rate (4)

UNIT III – BIOSOLID MECHANICS

Constitutive equation of viscoelasticity – Maxwell &Voight models, anisotropy, Hard Tissues –
Structure, blood circulation, elasticity and strength, viscoelastic properties, functional adaptation, Soft
Tissues – Structure, functions, material properties and modeling of Soft Tissues – Cartilage, Tendons
and Ligaments Skeletal Muscle – Muscle action, Hill‘s models, mathematical modeling, Bone fracture
mechanics, Implants for bone fractures..
PART – A
Q.No Questions BT Level Competence
1. Summarize the signs of poor blood circulation. BTL 2 Understanding
2. List the functions of skeletal muscle. BTL 1 Remembering
3. Define anisotropy. BTL 1 Remembering
4. Name any four types of soft tissues. BTL 1 Remembering
5. Give some examples of viscoelasticity. BTL 2 Understanding
6. Difference viscoelastic and viscoelastic. BTL 4 Analyzing
7. What is the major difference between Maxwell and kelvin Voigt model BTL 3 Applying
of elasticity?
8. How do you treat poor blood circulation? BTL 1 Remembering
9. State ligament and its functions? BTL 1 Remembering
10. Classify the types of blood circulation. BTL 2 Understanding
11. Write some of the causes of poor circulation. BTL 4 Analyzing
12. Why is it advantageous for bone to be anisotropic? BTL 1 Remembering
13. Outline the functions of hard tissue. BTL 3 Applying
14. Asses the meaning of viscoelasticity. BTL 6 Creating
15. Compile the properties that are affected by anisotropy. BTL 6 Creating
16. Draw the element of Maxwell model. BTL 5 Evaluating
17. Distinguish between hard and soft tissues. BTL 4 Analyzing
18. Identify the other name of hard tissue and list some of the hard tissue of BTL 3 Applying
human.
19. Mention the four functions of circulatory system. BTL 2 Understanding
20. Draw the schematic of kelvin voigt model. BTL 5 Evaluating
PART B
How the cartilages are classified? Explain its composition and BTL 1 Remembering
1.
mechanical properties. (13)
2. Illustrate and explain the structure and functions of soft tissues. (13) BTL 2 Understanding
Demonstrate Hill three element model and derive necessary equation. BTL 3 Applying
3. (13)
Generalize important points about the different types of Viscoelastic BTL 6 Creating
4.
model. (13)
5. Explain the mechanical properties of bone. (13) BTL 3 Applying

6. Give a detailed account of kelvin model. (13) BTL 1 Remembering

7. Draw the stress-strain diagram of various materials and explain. (13) BTL 6 Creating
(i)Discuss briefly about the viscoelasticity. (7) BTL 4 Analyzing
8.
(ii) Write short notes on mathematical modeling. (6)
9. Elaborate in detail about the bone fracture mechanism. (13) BTL 5 Evaluating
10. Describe the mechanical properties of cartilage. (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
Write short notes on BTL 1 Remembering
11. (i) Maxwell model (7)
(ii) Voight model (6)
12. Explain in detail about the functional adaptation of bone. (13) BTL 2 Understanding
13. Summarize in detail about the hard tissues. (13) BTL 2 Understanding
Describe in detail about BTL 4 Analyzing
14. (i) Tendons (7)
(ii) Ligaments (6)
PART C
1. Explain in detail about the viscoelastic properties of bone. (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
Draw the bone structure and explain the mechanical properties of bone.
2. BTL 5 Evaluating
(15)
3. Elaborate in detail about the skeletal muscle. (15) BTL 6 Creating
4. Describe the material characterization of cardiac muscle. (15) BTL 6 Creating

UNIT IV – BIOMECHANICS OF JOINTS

Skeletal joints, forces and stresses in human joints, Analysis of rigid bodies in equilibrium, Free body
diagrams, Structure of joints, Types of joints, Biomechanical analysis of elbow, shoulder, spinal
column, hip, knee and ankle, Lubrication of synovial joints, Gait analysis, Motion analysis using video.
PART – A

Q.No Questions BT Level Competence

1. Classify the types of joints in the structural classification. BTL 2 Understanding
2. Which are Synovial joints? BTL 1 Remembering
3. Outline the two conditions must be met for an object to be in equilibrium. BTL 2 Understanding
4. How accurate is gait analysis? BTL 1 Remembering
5. Why spinal column is important for human movement? BTL 1 Remembering
6. Examine the purpose of free body diagram. BTL 4 Analyzing
7. Interpret the different treatment to relieve pain in back of knee. BTL 3 Applying
8. What is joint stress? BTL 1 Remembering
9. Name the six types of synovial joints. BTL 1 Remembering
10. Describe the functions of hip joint. BTL 2 Understanding
11. Differentiate movement and locomotion? BTL 4 Analyzing
12. Movement
Define joint is theanalysis.
force temporary or permanent displacement of a BTL 1 Remembering
body or its parts from
Summarize conditions that its are
original position.
used to analyze...
theLocomotion, on the
equilibrium problems
13.
other
of rigidhand, is the displacement of the entire body from one
bodies. BTL 5 Evaluating
place to another.
14. Identify the most used joint in the body. BTL 3 Applying
15. Predict the other name for knee joint and define it. BTL 6 Creating
16. Asses the importance of a free body diagram in vector addition. BTL 5 Evaluating
17. Point out the functions of the elbow. BTL 4 Analyzing
18. Compare hip and pelvis. BTL 3 Applying
19. Give an example for joint reaction force. BTL 2 Understanding
20. Compile the seven movements of the shoulder. BTL 6 Creating
PART B
1. Describe in detail about the biomechanical analysis of elbow. (13) BTL 1 Remembering
2. Discuss in detail about kinematics of knee joints. (13) BTL 2 Understanding
Identify the various spatial and temporal feature involved in Gait
3. BTL 3 Applying
analysis. Describe about them. (13)
4. Elaborate the various methods of fixation of implant. (13) BTL 6 Creating
5. Express the detailed view on mechanics of ankle joint. (13) BTL 3 Applying
6. What is Gait analysis? Explain the procedure for gait analysis. (13) BTL 1 Remembering
Explain about the materials and designs involved in making total hip
7. BTL 6 Creating
joint and elaborate its fixing procedures. (13)
Describe in detail about
8. (i) Composition and functions of bone (7) BTL 4 Analyzing
(ii) Mechanical testing of bone tissue (6)
9. Explain in detail about the lubrication of synovial joints. (13) BTL 5 Evaluating
10. Categorize the various movement of joints. (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
11. Write brief note on human joint forces. (13) BTL 1 Remembering
12. Summarize the biomechanical analysis of spinal column in detail. (13) BTL 2 Understanding
Illustrate and explain the movements and mechanics of shoulder joints.
13. BTL 2 Understanding
(13)
14. Analyze the biomechanical system using finite element method. (13) BTL 4 Analyzing

PART C
Draw the free body diagram of a car in motion. Explain in detail about Evaluating
1. the conditions of equilibrium with appropriate examples. BTL 5
(15)
2. Explain the composition and mechanical properties of bone. (15) BTL 5 Evaluating

3. Describe the mechanics of elbow joint with illustrations. (15) BTL 6 Creating

4. Elaborate in detail about motion analysis using video. (15) BTL 6 Creating
 UNIT V – MODELING AND ERGONOMIC
Introduction to Finite Element Analysis, finite element analysis of lumbar spine; Ergonomics –
Musculoskeletal disorders, Ergonomic principles contributing to good workplace design, Design of a
Computer work station, Whole body vibrations, Hand transmitted vibrations.
PART – A
Q.No Questions BT Level Competence
1. How long does it take lumbar strain to heal? BTL 1 Remembering
2. Compare workstation and personal computer. BTL 4 Analyzing
3. Mention the five aspects of ergonomics. BTL 2 Understanding
4. Why is the lumbar vertebrae important? BTL 1 Remembering
5. Asses the meaning of HAVS. BTL 3 Applying
6. Name the three phases of finite element method. BTL 1 Remember
7. Distinguish between FEM and FEA. BTL 2 Understanding
8. Identify the methods that are generally associated with the finite element
analysis. BTL 3 Applying
9. Examine the three primary ergonomic risk factors. BTL 4 Analyzing
10. Define finite element analysis. BTL 1 Remembering
11. Classify the five aspects of ergonomics. BTL 2 Understanding
12. What is computer work station? BTL 1 Remembering
13. Write the three basic characteristics measured in vibration. BTL 1 Remembering
14. Interpret the meaning of lumbar spine. BTL 3 Applying
15. Discuss the main symptoms of hand arm vibration syndrome? BTL 6 Creating
16. Outline the causes and effect of vibration. BTL 5 Evaluating
17. Give an example of ergonomics. BTL 2 Understanding
18. List the most common ergonomic injuries in the workplace. BTL 4 Analyzing
19. Compile the impressive benefits of ergonomics in workplace. BTL 6 Creating
20. Summarize the parts of the body that can be affected by musculoskeletal
disorders. BTL 5 Evaluating

PART B
Describe in detail about the biomechanical aspects of sitting postures. BTL 1 Remembering
1. (13)
2. Illustrate the characteristics of vibration waveforms. (13) BTL 2 Understanding
Demonstrate the basic principle of ergonomics and explain in detail. BTL 3 Applying
3.
(13)
4. Discuss about the health effects of whole-body vibration. (13) BTL 6 Creating
5. Express the detailed view on Ergonomics. (13) BTL 3 Applying
What is finite element analysis? Explain any one analysis of BTL 1 Remembering
6.
biomechanical systems using FEM. (13)
7. Elaborate in detail on Hand transmitted vibrations. (13) BTL 6 Creating
Discuss briefly about common injuries and symptoms associated with BTL 4 Analyzing
8.
ergonomically incorrect computer stations. (13)
Analyze the biomechanical system using Finite element analysis BTL 4 Analyzing
9.
method. (13)
Explain in detail about the whole-body response to vibration and shocks BTL 5 Evaluating
10.
(13)
Write brief note on the procedure followed in designing the computer BTL 1 Remembering
11.
workstation.
 (i) Write short notes on Musculoskeletal disorder. (7) BTL 2 Understanding
12.
(ii) Discuss the ways to reduce the Musculoskeletal disorder. (6)
13. Summarize about the control measures for whole body vibration. (13) BTL 2 Understanding
Design a suitable computer workstation to avoid the musculoskeletal BTL 4 Analyzing
14.
disorder. . (13)
PART C

1. Discuss about the effect of mechanical vibrations in human. (15) BTL 5 Evaluating

2. Explain in detail about Finite element analysis. (15) BTL 5 Evaluating

Describe the ergonomic principles contributing to the good workplace
3. design. (15) BTL 6 Creating
Elaborate in detail about the measurement of whole-body
4. BTL 6 Creating
vibrations. (15)