SOCIAL SELF

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF

Refers to who a person is and how he
SELF, IDENTITY, AND PERSONALITY
It is the development of self- or she acts in social situations.

understanding particularly in SPIRITUAL SELF

adolescence. Theories about the self Refers to the most intimate and

give way for the identification of which important part of the self that

characteristics are related to each includes the person’s purpose,

other. core values, conscience and

The “I” self The “Me” self moral behavior.

THE “I” SELF

• Refers to the self that knows who
he or she is which is also called
the Thinking Self
CARL ROGERS
• Reflects the soul of a person or
PERSON-CENTERED THEORY
the mind which is also called the
1. REAL/TRUE SELF
Pure Ego
Is who we actually are
THE “ME” SELF
2. IDEAL SELF
• The empirical self which refers
Is how we want to be
to the persons experience
• View of self/people as
SUB-CATEGORIES:
basically good.
• MATERIAL SELF
• The “actualizing tendency”
• SOCIAL SELF
is the basic forces of life - we
• SPIRITUAL SELF
are always trying to better
MATERIAL SELF
ourselves in some way.
Is attributed to an individual’s physical
• Self-actualization is the
attributes and material
process of becoming
possessions that contribute to one’s
yourself.
self image
• CONDITION OF WORTH -
“IF... THEN” contingencies.
 SELF-REACTIVENESS
Involves making choices and choosing
appropriate courses of action as well as
motivating and regulating them.
SELF-REFLECTIVENESS
Gives the person the ability to reflect
BANDURA’S MAIN FEATURES OF upon and the adequacy of his or her
HUMAN AGENCY thoughts and actions
• INTENTIONALITY
• FORETHOUGHT
• SELF-REACTIVENESS
• SELF-REFLECTIVENESS
Bandura believes that human agency is THE SELF AS THE CENTRAL
the essence of humanness; that is, ARCHETYPE
humans are defined by their ability to • CENTRAL TO CARL JUNG’S
organize, regulate, and enact behaviors THEORY OF THE SELF IS THE
that they believe will produce desirable CONCEPT OF ARCHETYPE:
consequences. THESE ARE:
• THE UNIVERSAL MODELS
Human agency has four core features: AFTER WHICH ROLES ARE
1. Intentionality, or a proactive PATTERNED.
commitment to actions that may • REPRESENTS THE HIDDEN
bring about desired outcomes. POTENTIALITIES OF THE
2. Foresight, or the ability to set PSYCHE OR TOTAL
goals. PERSONALITY
3. Self-reactiveness, which includes • RESIDE IN THE PERSONAL
people monitoring their progress UNCONSCIOUS (FORGOTTEN
toward fulfilling their choices. EXPERIENCES) THAT IS
4. Self-reflectiveness, which allows COMMON TO ALL HUMAN
people to think about and BEINGS, KNOWN AS THE
evaluate their motives, values, COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS.
and life goals.
INTENTIONALITY
Refers to acts done intentionally.
Intentions center on plans of action with
the anticipation of possible outcomes.
FORETHOUGHT
Enables the person to anticipate the
likely consequences of prospective
actions. Through the exercise of
forethought, people are guided in their
actions in the anticipation of future events.
JUNG’S FOUR MAJOR ARCHETYPE The id, ego, and super ego are often in
• THE PERSONA conflict with each other. Freud uses the
• THE SHADOW term “ego strength” to refer to the ego’s
• THE ANIMA ability to resolve the conflict between
• THE ANIMUS the three components. If this constant
PERSONA state of conflict is unresolved,
Refers to social roles that individuals personality problems may arise.
present to others. THE PHYSICAL SELF
SHADOW 1. LIFESPAN DEVELOPMENT
Refers to the repressed thoughts that are PHYSICAL SELF
socially unacceptable. This is often • Refers to the body that includes
considered as the dark side of the psyche. basic parts like head, neck, arms,
ANIMA and legs.
Is the feminine side of the male psyche • Made up of other organs like brain,
ANIMUS heart, lungs, stomach, intestines,
Is the masculine side of the female and muscles.
psyche • In general, the body performs its
SIGMUND FREUD’S functions least well during infancy
CONSTRUCTION OF SELF & and old age.
PERSONALITY • Physical efficiency generally peaks
According to Sigmund Freud, the Mind is in early adulthood and declines
composed of Three Components through into middle ages.
which Self and Personality is formed: • One of the crucial stage of
• ID development is the adolescence
• EGO stage.
• SUPER EGO ADOLESCENCE
ID • Begins the onset of puberty.
• Characterized by its need to satisfy • This stage is characterized by
basic urges and desires. rapidly changes that includes
• Pleasure-seeking side of the self maturation of the reproductive
• Impulsive, child-like, demand system.
instant gratification • Changes in hormone/hormonal
EGO imbalance
• Refers to the I o Pimple breakouts which can
• Operates on the reality principle cause self-image problems.
and controls the id. LIFESPAN
• Can confirm with existing societal Refers to development from conception to
consideration. death according to Elizabeth B. Hurlock
SUPER EGO on her book “Developmental Psychology:
• Refers to the “conscience” and A life-span Appraoch” 5th ed.
“moral judge” of one’s conduct.
• Strives for perfection rather than
pleasure
ELIZABETH B. HURLOCK
• Outlined the stages of lifespan.
• Divided the stages into 10 parts
called STAGES OF LIFE SPAN:
PRENATAL FERTILIZATION
TO BIRTH
INFANCY BIRTH TO 2 WEEKS
OF LIFE
BABYHOOD 2 WEEKS – 2 YEARS
OLD
EARLY 2 – 6 YEARS OLD
CHILDHOOD
LATE CHILDHOOD 6 – 10 OR 12 YEARS
OLD
PUBERTY 10 OR 12 – 14
YEARS OLD
ADOLESCENCE 14 – 18 YEARS OLD
EARLY 18 – 40 YEARS OLD
ADULTHOOD
LATE ADULTHOOD 60 YEARS OLD TO
DEATH
2. FACTORS AFFECTING PHYSICAL
GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT
NATURE VS. NURTURE
• Nature -socio-biologists, psychologists &
other natural sciences argue that behavior
traits can be explained by genetics.
• Nurture - Sociologists, anthropologists &
other social sciences argue that human
behavior is learned and shaped through
social interaction. RECESSIVE
HEREDITY Traits not expressed when the dominant
• Biological process of transmission traits
form of the trait is present.
from parents to offspring.
• Sex & other physical traits are determined DOMINANT
by the combination of chromosomes & The expressed when the dominant form of
genes during fertilization (union of the 2 the trait when present. (even if it is just 1
gametes) allele)
• Chromosomes - are threadlike structures
that carries genes and are usually found in
pairs.
o Autosomes or trait (22 pairs)
o Sex chromosomes (1 pair)

• Genes - basic carriers of hereditary traits.

o Dominant (strong genes)
o Recessive (weak genes)
 3. BODY IMAGE
BODY IMAGE
This refers to how individuals perceive,
think, and feel about their body and
physical appearance.
APPEARANCE
everything about a person that others can
observe such as height, weight, skin
color, clothes & hairstyles.
SELF-ESTEEM
a person’s overall evaluation of his or
her own worth.
BODY IMAGE CAN AFFECTS OUR
SELF ESTEEM!!!
TAKE NOTE:
Younger women and girls tend to have
poor body image.
Poor body image can affect both physical
and psychological well-being.
CAUSES OF POOR BODY IMAGE:
1. EMPHASIS ON “THIN IDEAL
BODY”
2. BULLYING AND PEER
PRESSURE
3. MEDIA
EFFECTS OF POOR BODY IMAGE
1. BODY DISATISFACTION
2. DEPRESSION
3. LOW SELF-ESTEEM
4. EATING DISORDER
- BULIMIA
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS - ANOREXIA
• refers to factors that the individual 5. BODY MODIFICATION
is exposed after conception to - TATTOING
death. - PERMANENT
• Examples: MAKE-UP
o Teratogenic factors - BODY PIERCING
(alcohol/substance abuse
during pregancy of the
mother, exposure to
radiationetc.)
o Diet, nutrition & diseases
play an important role in the
physical development.
 4. CONCEPT OF BEAUTY THE SEXUAL SELF
BEAUTY SEXUALITY
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NIs
• Our sexuality is part of who we are
AeFYZFXE)
as human. Being a human, our
• From this video, we can say that primary function is
BEAUTY is not an absolute PROCREATION.
concept.
• Sex psychologically speaking is our
• It differs from culture to culture, one way to solve our feeling of
time, individual differences etc. alienation, aloneness & isolation
• In Egyptian art, beauty is thru physical linking (like
portrayed in women with slim, high penetrating & being penetrated.)
waist, narrow hips, and long • Defined as “the way people
black hair. experience and expresses
• some tribes (e.g.,Africa) during themselves as sexual being” (King,
Medieval age consider chubby, fat, 2014).
or plum women beautiful. • Encompasses sex, gender identity
• Women with full figure and & roles, sexual orientation,
rounds were considered beautiful eroticism, pleasure, intimacy, and
during Renaissance period reproduction.
• Some tribes in Malaysia, We may encounter the term SEX and
Philippines, and Indonesia GENDER being used interchangeably.
considered flat nose to be most For better understanding, we have to
attractive ascertain that these two terms are NOT
• Standards of beauty have change synonymous.
overtime based on changing cultural SEX VS. GENDER
values. SEX
STANDARDS OF BEAUTY: refers to person’s characterization as
1. Clean and unblemished skin male or female at birth, typically based
2. Thick and shiny hair on the appearance of external genitalia or
3. Well-proportional bodies other biological characteristics such as
4. Symmetrical faces chromosomes.
• Beauty is considered important GENDER
throughout history. refers to social characteristics that may
• This is because these features be (or not be) aligned with a person’s sex
indicate youth, health, good genes, and adopted by an individual as their
and fertility. gender identity.
• Beauty is important in all
societies.
• Attractive people have a lot of
advantages in life.
ABOVE ALL THINGS PHYSICAL, IT
IS IMPORTANT TO BE BEAUTIFUL
IN THE INSIDE.
GENDERBREAD PERSON

A. DEVELOPMENT OF
SECONDARY SEX B. EROGENOUS ZONES
CHARACTERISTICS
• Puberty is the 1 to 3-year process
of hormonal & physical change
that cause the young person to reach
sexual maturity, girls usually
entering it about a year (or 2) earlier
than boys.
• On average, puberty growth spurt
for girls starts at 9, peaks at 11 ½
; for boys, it starts at 11 ½ , peaks
at 13 1/2 .
• During this time, secondary sex
characteristics develop.
SECONDARY SEX Circumcision dates to 2300 BC
CHARACTERSITICS Male circumcision if done properly has
These are traits that differ between two hygiene and medical benefits such as
sexes but are not part of the lowering the risk of prostate cancer and
reproductive systems. it help preventing the sexually
Include breast in female and facial hair transmitted disease
in males. Female genital cutting/mutilation
As the secondary sex characteristics (FGC/FGM)
manifest in the stage of puberty, there is a
concurrent development happening in
the brain.
 A. UNDERSTANDING HUMAN HOMOSEXUAL (GAY/LESBIAN)
SEXUAL RESPONSE Sexually attracted to members of the same
3 STAGES OF ROMANTIC LOVE sex.
(Based on brain chemicals) BISEXUAL
1. LUST (TESTOSTERONE + Sexually attracted to people of both sexes.
ESTROGEN) HETEROSEXUAL
2. ATTRACTION Sexually attracted to members of the
(NOREPINEPHRINE + DOPAMINE + opposite sex.
SEROTONIN) PANSEXUAL/ OMNISEXUAL
3. ATTACHEMENT (OXYTOCIN + Can be sexually attracted to any sex and
VASOPRESSIN) gender identity.
SEXUAL RESPONSE CYCLE: ASEXUAL
Masters and Johnson model Not sexually attracted to any sex or
1. Excitement - arousal, penis erection, gender.
vagina lubrication CISGENDER
2. Plateau - continuation and Gender identity consistent with the sex
heightening of the arousal they were assigned at birth.
3. Orgasm- peak or intense pleasure TRANSGENDER/ TRANS
4. Resolution - body returns into normal Gender identity does not match with the
state sex assigned at birth.
KAPLAN MODEL AGENDER
1. Desire People who do not identify themselves
2. Excitement with any gender.
3. Orgasm NON-BINARY
D. DIVERSITY OF SEXUAL People who do not identify strictly as a
ORIENTATION boy or girl – they could identify as both or
S-O-G-I-E neither, or as another gender entirely.
SEXUAL ORIENTATION LGBTQ+ (QIAAP2S) Community
Refers to our sexual preferences towards LESBIAN INTERSEX
males, females, or both. THINK OF IT GAY ASEXUAL
BISEXUAL ALLY
AS “WHO YOU GO TO BED WITH”.
TRANSGENDER PANSEXUAL
GENDER IDENTITY QUEER 2 SPIRITS
- Refers to one’s own concept of being QUESTIONING
males, females, or both or neither, and is
entirely determined by socialization
(nurture), not biological factors (nature).
THINK OF IT AS “WHO ARE YOU IN
THE BED”.
LGBT
In the acronym LGBT (LESBIAN, GAY,
BISEXUAL & TRANSGENDER) the
“LGB” pertains to sexual orientation. “T”
refers to transgender or gender non-
conforming pertains to gender identity.
 E. SEXUALLY
TRANSMITTED
INFECTIONS (STI)
• In our country, number of HIV and
AIDS cases increases every year.
In August 2017, the Philippines
was said to be have the highest
HIV growth rate in ASIA-
PACIFIC.
• The highest case in August-July
were:
o NCR with 732 cases
o CALABARZON with 344
cases
o Central Luzon with 179
o Central Visayas with 144
cases
o Western Visayas with 121
o Davao region with 116
cases
• STDs (Sexual Transmitted
Disease) most cases of
transmission are through male-to-
male sex and the age range of 14
to 24 years of age. STIs can be
asymptomatic or w/o symptoms
which makes it more difficult to
address.
F. FAMILY PLANNING/
CONTRACEPTION
4 basic principles:
1. RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD
2. RESPECT FOR LIFE
3. BIRTH SPACING
4. INFROMED CHOICE
To aid the FAMILY PLANNING, there
are a range of natural & artificial type
of conception to choose from:
• ABSTENENCE
• NOT ENGAGING IN ANY
FORMS OF SEX
• A NATURAL METHOD
is most effective means of contraception
since time immemorial.