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S.3 Lesson 9, Grammar

The document discusses transforming passive clauses and adjective complement clauses into phrases by omitting the subject and verb. It provides examples of original sentences and their transformed equivalents for clauses of time, condition, concession, and those containing the verb 'be' and an adjective complement. It then provides an exercise for the reader to practice transforming such clauses according to the rules.

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8 views

S.3 Lesson 9, Grammar

The document discusses transforming passive clauses and adjective complement clauses into phrases by omitting the subject and verb. It provides examples of original sentences and their transformed equivalents for clauses of time, condition, concession, and those containing the verb 'be' and an adjective complement. It then provides an exercise for the reader to practice transforming such clauses according to the rules.

Uploaded by

Mal Eficent
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Studying clauses and sentences

A. Changing passive clauses without changing the meaning


Several kinds of subordinate clauses in the passive can be reduced to phrases
by leaving out the subject and all the verb except the last word (the past
participle), IF THE SUBJECTS OF THE SUBORDINATE AND THE MAIN CLAUSES
REFER TO THE SAME THING.

Example:

Original sentence Transformed sentence

The forms, when they have been The forms, when completed, should
completed, should be returned to the be returned to the secretary.
secretary.

Many of the kinds of clauses that we have been studying also occur in the
passive (i.e., clauses of time beginning with when or until, clauses of condition,
and clauses of concession). When they do occur in the passive, they can all be
used with this transformation also.

Time:

Original sentence Transformed sentence

When it has been warmed, the water When warmed, the water flows out of
flows out of the heater into the tank. the heater into the tank.

Once he had been elected chairman, Once elected chairman, he began


he began putting the affairs of the putting the affairs of the club in order.
club in order.

When he was last seen, he was When last seen, he was wearing grey
wearing grey shorts and an old blue shorts and an old blue sweater.
sweater.

Ms Ggombe Hanifah
The cement should be kept in a very The cement should be kept in a very
dry place until it is needed. dry place until needed.

Condition:

Original sentence Transformed sentence

If it is regularly cleaned, a gas stove If regularly cleaned, a gas stove will


will last a long time. last a long time.

If they are cooked quickly in a small If cooked quickly in a small amount of


amount of water, vegetables retain water, vegetables retain much of their
much of their vitamin content. vitamin content.

If you are bitten by a snake, keep calm If bitten by a snake, keep calm and try
and try to get to a hospital as soon as to get to a hospital as soon as you can.
you can.

Concession:

Original sentence Transformed sentence

Although she was given every Although given every opportunity to


opportunity to study, she wasted study, she wasted years on foolish
years on foolish things. things.

Even though they were faced by a Even though faced by a numerically


numerically superior enemy, they superior enemy, they were able to
were able to beat off every attack. beat off every attack.

B. Changing clauses with adjective complements without changing the


meaning

Ms Ggombe Hanifah
As we have already seen, clauses which contain the verb be + an adjective
complement can often be changed by omitting the subject and be, under the
usual condition, IF THE SUBJECTS OF THE MAIN AND THE SUBORDINATE
CLAUSES REFER TO THE SAME THING.

Example:

Original sentence Transformed sentence

When it is ready, the stew can be left When ready, the stew can be left to
to keep warm while the ugali is being keep warm while the ugali is being
made. made.

If they are old and leathery, the If old and leathery, the vegetables
vegetables should be boiled for an should be boiled for an extra fifteen
extra fifteen minutes. minutes.

Although it is cheap to construct, a Although cheap to construct, a solar


solar water heater is surprisingly water heater is surprisingly efficient
efficient.

Though it was fierce at first, the attack Though fierce at first, the attack was
was soon beaten off by our forces. soon beaten off by our forces.

Exercise:

Ms Ggombe Hanifah
Rewrite the following sentences, changing all the passive clauses and
adjective-complements clauses into phrases according to the two rules you
have just looked at.

1. When they are lightly boiled, carrots actually give us more nutrients than

When they are raw,

2. Whether it is right or wrong, this is the decision they took, and we have to
act on it.

3. When they are fully ripe, these bananas are moderately soft and very sweet.

4. If it is possible, please let me have the forms back before the 20 th of this
month.

5. If it is necessary, top up the battery with pure distilled water.

6. Insert commas where it is necessary.

7. If it is liked by your family, a teaspoonful of curry powder can be added to


this dish.

8. More details can be supplied, if they are needed.

9. As I was instructed, I have sent reminders to all members who have not yet
paid all their dues.

10. Although they were very tired, they went back to the library and studied
for another one hour.

11. When it is properly trained, a dog can be a very good house guard.

12. Though it is rather hard in texture, sukuma wiki can be very good if it is well
cooked.

Ms Ggombe Hanifah

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