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Science Reviewer With Answers

This document provides answers to science questions about the structure of atoms, states of matter, and the evolution of models of the atomic structure. It discusses early atomic models like the plum pudding model, Rutherford's gold foil experiment that demonstrated a small, dense nucleus, and Bohr's model of orbiting electrons. Key events mentioned include nucleosynthesis in the Big Bang and in stars that led to the formation of elements.

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25K views4 pages

Science Reviewer With Answers

This document provides answers to science questions about the structure of atoms, states of matter, and the evolution of models of the atomic structure. It discusses early atomic models like the plum pudding model, Rutherford's gold foil experiment that demonstrated a small, dense nucleus, and Bohr's model of orbiting electrons. Key events mentioned include nucleosynthesis in the Big Bang and in stars that led to the formation of elements.

Uploaded by

Pandesal University
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Science Reviewer – With Answers

1. What principle would be violated if the universe has edges?

-Principle of Homogeneity

2. The universe has no edges, because that would violate the principle of _____.

-Isotropy

3. Order of the planets, from innermost planet to outermost.

-Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune

4. It is a giant gas world that is the most massive planet in the solar system.

-Jupiter

5. It is the property by which all directions appear indistinguishable to an observer expanding

with the universe.

-Isotropy

6. It is the consequence of their motion relative to us.

-Cosmotological red shift

7. These are interpreted as effects caused by the movement of the source away from the

observer.

-Doppler shifts

8. It is the creation of the elements caused by nuclear reactions.

-Nucleosynthesis

9. What was the temperature when big bang nucleosynthesis began?

-10sub9 K

10. It began one minute after the big bang.

-Big bang nucleosynthesis

11. It is the process by which elements are created within stars by combining the protons and

neutrons together from the nuclei of lighter elements.


-Stellar nucleosynthesis

12. All of the atoms in the universe began as ____.

-Hydrogen

13. What are the elements formed in the stellar nucleosynthesis.

-Hydrogen, Helium and Lithium

14. The elements formed in this stage range from oxygen through to iron, and also uranius and

gold.

-Supernova nucleosynthesis

15. In this stage, element formation occurs in such massive stars both during the pre-explosion

evolution and during the explosion itself.

-Supernova nucleosynthesis

16. This greek word means indivisible or incapable of being cut.

-Atomos

17. These are tiny but identical particles that possesses the chemical properties of an element.

-Atoms

18. These are the simplest substances found in nature that cannot be further broken down by

ordinary chemical means.

-Atoms

19. They are the greek philosopers who were regarded as the first atomic theorists in the greek

tradition.

-Leucippus and Democritus

20. This played an important role in the evolution of modern science.

-Alchemy

21. Here, the particles are packed tightly together so they are unable to move about very much.

-Solid
22. Particles of this state of matter have just enough room to flow around each other so they have

an indefinite shape.

-Liquid

23. This state of matter have particles that have a great deal of space between them and have high

kinetic energy.

-Gas

24. It consists of highly charged particles with extremely high kinetic energy.

-Plasma

25. Extremely low temperature, molecular motion comes very close to stopping altogether. It has

no kinetic energy and sometimes called, “Super Atom.”

-Bose-Einstein Condensate

26. The size or shape of matter may be changed, but no chemical reactions occurs.

-Physical change

27. It is a chemical reaction involving the arrangement of atoms.

-Chemical change

28. The elements can change from one to another.

-Nuclear change

29. It tells that the positive charge must be balanced to the negative charges, like negatively

charged plums surrounded by positively charged pudding.

-Plum Pudding Model (1904)

30. Who proposed the plum pudding model or raisin bun model?

-J.J. Thomson and the Electron

31. This experiment demonstrated that the atom has a tiny and heavy nucleus.

-Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment

32. He designed an experiment to use the alpha particles emitted by a radioactive element as

probes to the unseen world of atomic structure.


-Ernest Rutherford

33. Who proposed the solid sphere model or bowling ball model?

-John Dalton

34. The idea of this experiment was to measure how much the alpha particles were deflected

from their original course when they passed through the gold foil.

-Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment

35. In this model, the electrons (as we know them today) were thought to be positioned

throughout the atom in rotating rings.

-The Orbiting Electrons

36. They have no electrical charge but they add significantly to the mass of an atom.

-Neutrons

37. Particles that have a positive charge.

-Protons

38. They have a negative charge.

-Electrons

39. What is the formula for getting the amount of neutrons?

- Neutrons = Atomic Mass – Atomic Number

40. Who proposed the orbiting electrons model?

Neils Bohr

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