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    Biology 10

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    Levi Yiwei Pan
    This document discusses the classification of living organisms. It outlines 7 characteristics of living things: movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion, and nutrition. Organisms are classified based on their DNA and assigned scientific names with genus and species. There are 6 main kingdoms: plants, animals, fungi, protoctists, prokaryotes, and viruses. The document then provides distinguishing characteristics of each kingdom and examples of common phyla within the kingdoms of vertebrates and arthropods. Classification keys are tools that help identify organisms based on sequential binary choices between characteristics.

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    Biology 10

    Uploaded by

    Levi Yiwei Pan
    5 views3 pages
    This document discusses the classification of living organisms. It outlines 7 characteristics of living things: movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion, and nutrition. Organisms are classified based on their DNA and assigned scientific names with genus and species. There are 6 main kingdoms: plants, animals, fungi, protoctists, prokaryotes, and viruses. The document then provides distinguishing characteristics of each kingdom and examples of common phyla within the kingdoms of vertebrates and arthropods. Classification keys are tools that help identify organisms based on sequential binary choices between characteristics.

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    This document discusses the classification of living organisms. It outlines 7 characteristics of living things: movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion, and nutrition. Organisms are classified based on their DNA and assigned scientific names with genus and species. There are 6 main kingdoms: plants, animals, fungi, protoctists, prokaryotes, and viruses. The document then provides distinguishing characteristics of each kingdom and examples of common phyla within the kingdoms of vertebrates and arthropods. Classification keys are tools that help identify organisms based on sequential binary choices between characteristics.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    5 views3 pages

    Biology 10

    Uploaded by

    Levi Yiwei Pan
    This document discusses the classification of living organisms. It outlines 7 characteristics of living things: movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion, and nutrition. Organisms are classified based on their DNA and assigned scientific names with genus and species. There are 6 main kingdoms: plants, animals, fungi, protoctists, prokaryotes, and viruses. The document then provides distinguishing characteristics of each kingdom and examples of common phyla within the kingdoms of vertebrates and arthropods. Classification keys are tools that help identify organisms based on sequential binary choices between characteristics.

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    Classification

    Characteristics of Living Organisms


    1. Movement: an action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change of
    position or place
    2. Respiration: the chemical reactions that break down nutrient molecules in living cells
    to release energy for metabolism
    3. Sensitivity: the ability to detect or sense stimuli in the internal or external
    environment and to make appropriate responses
    4. Growth: a permanent increase in size and dry mass by an increase in cell number or
    cell size or both
    5. Reproduction: the processes that make more of the same kind of organism
    6. Excretion: the removal from organisms of toxic materials, the waste products of
    metabolism (chemical reactions in cells including respiration) and substances in
    excess of requirements
    7. Nutrition: the taking in of materials for energy, growth and development; plants
    require light, carbon dioxide, water and ions; animals need organic compounds, ions
    and usually need water

    How Organisms are Classified: Basics


     There are millions of species of organisms on Earth
     A species is defined as a group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile
    offspring
     Before
    o Morphology (shape)
    o Anatomy (the structure)
     Nowadays
    o DNA

    Binomial system
     an internationally ageeed in which the scientific name of an organism is made up of
    two parts showing the genus and species

    Classification of organism
     Kingdom
     Phylum
     Class
     Order
     Family
     Genus
     Species
    Plants characteristics
     Multicellular
     Cells have a nucleus, cell walls made of cellulose and often contain chloroplasts.
     Feed by photosynthesis
     It May have roots, stems, and leaves

    Animal characteristics
     Multicellular (their bodies contain many cells)
     Cells have a nucleus, but no cell walls or chloroplasts
     Feed on organic substances made by other living organisms

    Fungi characteristics
     Usually multicellular(many-celled)
     Have nuclei
     Have cell walls, not made of cellulose
     Do not have chlorophyll
     Feed by saprophytic or parasitic nutrition

    Protoctista characteristics
     Multicellular or unicellular
     Cells have a nucleus.
     Cells may or may not have a cell wall, and chloroplasts
     Some feed by photosynthesis and others feed on organic substances made by other
    organisms

    Prokaryotes
     Often unicellular (single-celled)
     Have no nucleus
     Have cell walls, not made of cellulose
     Have no mitochondria

    Viruses
     Small
     They are not normally considered to be alive because they cannot do anything other
    than just exist

    Phylum Vertebrates
     These are animals with supporting rods running along the length of the body. The
    most familiar ones have a backbone and are called vertebrates.

    Phylum Arthropods
     Several pairs of jointed legs
     Exoskeleton

    Dichotomous key
     Dichotomous means branching into two and refers to the fact that you have two
    descriptions to choose from at each step

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