BENGALURU,KARNATAKA

Brainstorming Questions
ZOOLOGY - Evolution

1. Which of the following is used as an atmospheric pollution indicator?

(1) Lepidoptera (2) Lichens (3) Lycopersicon (4) Lycopodium
2. The theory of spontaneous generation stated that:
(1) life arose from living forms only
(2) life can arise from both living and non-living
(3) life can arise from non-living things only
(4) life arises spontaneously, neither from living nor from the non-living
3. Animal husbandry and plant breeding programmes are the examples of:
(1) reverse evolution (2) artificial selection (3) mutation (4) natural selection
4. The bones of forelimbs of whale, bat, cheetah and man are similar in structure, because:
(1) one organism has given rise to another (2) they share a common ancestor
(3) they perform the same function (4) the have biochemical similarities
5. 2 2 2
(p + q) = p + 2pq + q = 1 represents an equation used in:
(1) population genetics (2) mendelian genetics
(3) biometrics (4) molecular genetics
6. Appearance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is an example of:
(1) adaptive radiation (2) transduction
(3) pre-existing variation in the population (4) divergent evolution
7. Evolution of life shows that life forms had a trend of moving from:
(1) land to water (2) dryland to wet land
(3) fresh water to sea water (4) water to land
8. Viviparity is considered to be more evolved because:
(1) the young ones are left on their own
(2) the young ones are protected by a thick shell
(3) the young ones are protected inside the mother's body and are looked after they are born leading
to more chances of survival
(4) the embryo takes a long time to develop
9. For the MN-blood group system, the frequencies of M and N alleles are 0.7 and 0.3,
respectively. The expected frequency of MN-blood group bearing organisms is likely to be
(1) 42% (2) 49% (3) 9% (4) 58%
10. Which type of selection is industrial melanism observed in moth, Biston bitularia:
(1) Stabilising (2) Directional (3) Disruptive (4) Artificial
11. The most accepted line of descent in human evolution is:
(1) Australopithecus ® Ramapithecus ® Homo sapiens ® Homo habilis
(2) Homo erectus ® Homo habilis ® Homo sapiens
(3) Ramapithecus ® Homo habilis ® Homo erectus ® Homo sapiens
(4) Australopithecus ® Ramapithecus ® Homo erectus ® Homo habilis ® Homo sapiens.
12. Which of the following is an example for link species?
(1) Lobe fish (2) Dodo bird (3) Sea weed (4) Tyrannosaurus

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13. Match the scientists listed under column "1" with ideas listed column "2".
Column I Column zsdfasdf
II
i Drawin M abiogenesis
ii Oparin N use and disuse of organ
iii Lamarck O continental drift
iv Wagner P evolution by natural selection
(1) i=M; ii=P; iii=N; iv=O (2) i=P; ii=M; iii=N; iv=O
(3) i=N; ii=P; iii=0; iv=M (4) i=p; ii=0; iii=N; iv=M
14. In 1953 S. L. Miller created primitive earth conditions in the laboratory and gave
experimental evidence for origin of first form of life from preexisting non-living organic
molecules. The primitive earth conditions
created include:
(1) low temperature, volcanic storms, atmosphere rich in oxygen
(2) low temperature, volcanic storms, reducing atmosphere
(3) high temperature, volcanic storms, non-reducing atmosphere
(4) high temperature, volcanic storms, reducing atmosphere containing CH 4, NH3 etc.
15. Variations during mutations of meiotic recombinations are:
(1) random and directionless (2) random and directional
(3) random and small (4) random, small and directional
16. Two key concepts of Darwin theory of evolution are :
(1) Saltation and natural selection (2) Adaptive radiation and convergent evolution
(3) Branching descent and natural selection (4) Natural .selection and divergent evolution
17. Five factors are known to affect Hardy-weinberg equilibrium. These five factors in given
list:
(a) Genetic drift (b) Natural selection
(c) Adaptive evolution (d) Mutation
(e) Convergent evolution (f) Gene migration
(g) Genetic recombination (h) Branching descent
Options :
(1) a, b, c, d, e (2) a, b, d, e, f (3) a, c, d, g, h (4) a, b, d, f, g
18. Homology is based on A where analogy is result of B . A and B are respectively :
(1) Convergent evolution, Divergent evolution (2) Divergent evolution, convergent evolution
(3) Natural selection, Genetic drift (4) Adaptive radiation, convergent evolution
19. Mutations are A while Darwinian variations are B .
Options :
(1) A ® small and directional B ® random and directionless
(2) A ® small and directional B ® random and directional
(3) A ® random and directionless B ® small and directional
(4) A ® random and directional B ® small and directional
20. Match the columns :
(a) Australopithecus (i) First human like
(b) Homo habilis (ii) Used hides to protect the body
(c) Homo erectus (iii) Arose in Africa
(d) Neanderthal man (iv) Probably ate meat
(e) Homosapiens (v) Hunted with stone weapons and ate fruits
(1) a=v, b=i, c=iv, d=i, e=iii (2) a=i, b=ii, c=iv, d=iii, e=v
(3) a=v, b=i, c=iv, d=ii, e=iii (4) a=v, b=ii, c=ii, d=i, e=iv
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21. Select the incorrect statements :

(1) Natural selection is a heritable variation and by reproduction leave greater number of progemy
(2) During stabilisation of natural selection more individuals acquire value other than mean character
value
(3) By the time 500 million years ago invertebrates were formed and were active
(4) Reptiles lay thick shalled eggs which do not dry up in sun unlike those of Amphibians
22. Flying squirrel and flying phalanger represent the pehnomenon of:
(1) Divergent evolution (2) Convergent evolution
(3) Adaptive radiation (4) Divergent radiation
23. According to Hugo de Vries speciation due to mutation is also knows as 'Saltation' which
means:
(1) Single step variation (2) Variations at regular intervals
(3) Single step large mutation (4) Huge change due to natural selection
24. Branching descent is accounted for :
(1) Homology (2) Analogy (3) Vestigeal organs (4) Atavism
25. On galapagos island, Darwin found different varieties of finches, originated from a common
ancestor. The original variety of these finches was :
(1) Insectivorous (2) Vegetarian (3) Seed-eating (4) Cactus eating
26. Which of the following are different in fundamental structures but evolving for the same
function as a result of convergent evolution :
(1) Wing of birds and bats (2) Flippers of penguin and Dolphins
(3) Heart of pigeon and Rabbit (4) Mouth parts of insects
27. Which of the following are solid evidences of evolution?
(1) Fossils and homologous organs (2) Vestigeal and analogous organs
(3) Biogeographical and embryological (4) Fossils and analogous organs
28. The process of evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from a
point and literally radiating to other areas of geography (Habitats). The phenomenon called
as :
(1) Homology (2) Adaptive radiation
(3) Convergent evolution (4) Divergent evolution
29. When more than one adaptive radiations appears to have occured in an isolated geographical
area than we call it:
(1) Divergent evolution (2) Convergent evolution (3) Mega evolution (4) Micro evolution
30. Mark the incorrect statement regarding the animals shown in the adjacent figure

(1) It indicates their common ancestry

(2) It indicates divergent evolution
(3) It shows homologous organs
(4) It shows different structures evolving for the same function

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31. Which of the following is a correct set of vestigial organs :
(1) Coccyx, vermiform appendix, ear pinnazsdfasdf
(2) Nails, Nictitating membrane, coccyx, pinna
(3) Ear muscle, patella, caecum
(4) Pinna muscle, body hair, canine, wisdom tooth
32. First life form on earth was a :
(1) cyanobacterium (2) chemoheterotroph (3) autotroph (4) photoautotroph
33. The diversity in the type of beaks of finches adapted to different feeding habits on the
Galapagos islands, as observed by Darwin, provides evidence for :
(1) Intraspecific competition (2) Interspecific competition
(3) origin of species by natural selection (4) origin of species by mutation
34. Which one of the following scientist's name is correctly matched with the theory put forth
by him ?
(1) de Vries - theory of natural selection
(2) Darwin - theory of pangenesis
(3) Weismann - theory of continuity of germplasm
(4) pasteur - theory of inheritance of acquired characters
35. Following is the digrammatic representation of the operation of natural selection on different
traits. Which of the following options correctly identifies all the three graphs A, B and C

A B C
1 Directional Stabilizing Disruptive
2 Stabilizing Directional Disruptive
3 Disruptive Stabilizing Directional
4 Stabilizing Disruptive Directional
36. Match column-I and column-II and select the correct option from the codes given below :

Column-I Column-II
A Mutation i Changes in population's allele frequencies due to chance alone
B Gene flow ii individuals
C Natural selection iii Immigration ,emigration change allele frequencies
D Genetic drift iv Source of new alleles
(1) A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), (d)-(iv) (2) A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(iii), (d)-(i)
(3) A-(v), B-(i), C-(iv), (d)-(h) (4) A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(ii), (d)-(i)

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37. Genetic drift operates only in :

(1) Larger populations (2) Mendelian populations
(3) Island populations (4) Smaller populations
38. Which of the following is most important for speciation ?
(1) Seasonal isolation (2) Reproductive isolation
(3) Behavioural isolation (4) Tropical isolation
39. The factors involved in the formation of new species are :
(1) Isolation and gene flow (2) Gene flow and competition
(3) Competition and mutation (4) Isolation and variation
40. Amphibians were dominant during period
(1) carboniferous (2) silurian (3) ordovician (4) Cambrian
41. Complete the following paragraph by selecting the correct sequence of words from the
options given below .
The Neanderthal man with a brain size of (i) lived near east and central (ii) between (iii) years back.
They used (iv) to protect their body and buried their dead

i ii iii iv
(1) 500 cc Australia 2,00,000-1,40,000 clothes
(2) 900 cc Africa 40,000-8,000 leaves
(3) 1400 cc Asia 1,00,000-40,000 hides
(4) 1400 cc Africa 75,000-10,000 hides

42. Which of the following is correct sequence of events in the origin of new species according
to Darwinism
(1) Natural selection, variation and their inheritance, survival of fittest, struggle for existence, high
rate of reproduction
(2) High rate of reproduction, variations, and their inheritance, struggle for existence and survival of
fittest
(3) High rate of reproduction, struggle for existence, variations and survival of fittest and their
inheritance natural selection
(4) Survival of the fittest, variations and their inheritance, struggle for existence, high rate of reproduction
43. Which of the following animals show adaptive radiation based on locomotion ?
(1) Scorpion, elephant, human (2) Cheetah, kangaroo, mole
(3) Praying mantis, seal, python (4) Cockroach, squirrel, tod
44. The most apparent change during the evolutionaary history of Homo sapiens is traced in :
(1) Loss of body hair (2) Walking upright
(3) Shortening of the jaws (4) Remarkable increase in the brain size
45. The first human like being the hominid was called :
(1) Australopithecus (2) Homo erectus (3) Homo habilis (4) Homo sapiens
46. Unit of natural selection is :
(1) Individual (2) Population (3) Species (4) Mutation
47. Which of the following statement is incorrect ?
(1) Industrial melanism is an example of natural selection
(2) Before industrial revolution Biston betularia with grey colour was abundant
(3) Black coloured form of the same moth (melanic), dominant mutant, carbonaria variety increased
after industrial revolution
(4) The grey colour of Biston betularia was due to dominant allele

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48. When selection acts to eliminate both extremes from array of phenotypes, the frequency of
intermediate type, which is already more is increased. This is called as :
zsdfasdf
(1) Disruptive selection (2) Balancing selection
(3) Stabilising selection (4) Non-directional section
49. Random genetic drift in a population results from :
(1) Highly genetically variable individuals (2) Large population size
(3) Constant low mutation rate (4) Interbreeding within small populations
50. Gene flow is :
(1) Transfer of genes between genetically distinct but interbreeding populations
(2) Transfer of genes from females to males of an organism
(3) Transfer of genes from outside to chromosomes
(4) Transfer of genes from sperm to egg
51. Ancestor of man who first stood erect was :
(1) Australopithecus (2) Java ape man (3) Peking man (4) Cro-magnon man
52. The smallest cranial capacity is that of the :
(1) Modern man (2) Cro-Magnon man (3) Neanderthal man (4) Java man
53. Which is correct order in evolutionary history of man ?
(1) Peking man ® Habilis man ® Neanderthal man ® Cromagnon man
(2) Peking man ® Heidelberg man ® Neanderthal man ® Cromagnon man
(3) Peking man ® Neanderthal man ® Homo sapiens ® Heidelberg man
(4) Peking man ® Homo sapiens ® Neanderthal man ® Cromagnon man
54. The illustration below shows the skull of two different mammals. Use the illustration to
answer the question that follows :

Which of the following accurately describes the differences between these skulls ?
(1) Skull A has more teeth than skull B
(2) Skull A has more brain capacity than skull B
(3) Skull A is of primate and skull B is not of a primate
(4) Skull A is the skull of an ape because of simian gap and skull B is skull of human
55. The complex organic compounds that may have first evolved in the direction of origin of life
on earth, may have been :
(1) Proteins and amino acids (2) Proteins and nucleic acids
(3) Urea and nucleic acids (4) Urea and lipid
56. Consider the following four statements (A-D) and select the option which includes all the
correct ones only:
(A) The first Mammals were like shrew
(B) Mammals were more intelligent in sensing and avoiding danger at least
(C) When reptiles came down mammals took over this earth
(D) Due to continental drift when North America joined South America these animals were over
ridden by South American fauna
(1) Statements A, B and C (2) Statements A and B
(3) Statements C and D (4) Statements B, C and D

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57. Which of the following is true about Dinosaurs ?

Origin of Dinosaurs Pe ak of Dinosaurs Extinction of Dinosaurs

Jurrassic Triassic Cretaceous
Triassic Cretaceous Jurrassic
Triassic Jurrassic Cretaceous
Cretaceous Jurrassic Triassic
58. Red the following statements about gene frequency
(1) When Migration of a section of population to another place of population occurs, gene frequency
change in the original population only
(2) When Migration of a section of population to another place of population occurs, gene frequency
change in the new population only
(3) When Migration of a section of population to another place of population occurs, gene frequency
change in the original as well as in the new population
(4) When Migration of a section of population to another place of population occurs, gene frequency
neither change in old nor in new population.
59. Which of the following is the example of parallel evolution ?
(1) Human hand and bat wing (2) Wolf and Tasmanian wolf
(3) Beak of vulture and beak of humming bird (4) Human eye and Octopus eye
60. The first human-like being the hominid which probably did not eat meat having cranial
capacity 650-800 cc was :
(1) Homo habilis (2) Homo sapiens (3) Australopithecus (4) Dryopithecus
61. Consider the following four statements (a-d) and select the option which includes all the
correct ones only :
(a) All the existing life forms share similarities.
(b) All the existing life forms share common ancestors
(c) Geological history of earth conrelates with the biological history of earth.
(d) Earth formed about 20 billion years ago
(1) Statements a, b and c (2) Statements a, b, c and d
(3) Statements a and c (4) Statements a, b and d
62. Main drawback of Darwinism was :
(1) Natural selection (2) Reason of variations (3) Over production (4) Adaptation
63. Which is the most important factor for evolution of new species ?
(1) Reproductive isolation (2) Mechanical isolation
(3) Geographical isolation (4) Extensive in breeding
64. Cranial capacity is maximum in :
(1) Chimpanzee (2) Gorilla (3) Organuttan (4) Gibbon
65. Identify the correct match .from the columns I, II, and III :

Column-I Column-II Column-III

A Protobionts a Nucleoproteins i First living being
B Protocell b Anaerobic respiration ii First sole living molecule
C Prokaryotes c True chlorophyl iii First sign of life
D Cyanobacteria d Colloidal drop like iv Librated oxygen
(1) A=d-ii, B=a-iii, C=b-i, D=c-iv (2) A=d-ii, B=a-iii, C=c-i, D=b-iv
(3) B=a-iii, A=d-ii, C=c-i, D=b-iv (4) B=c-i, A=b-ii, C=c-iii, D=d-iv

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66. Primitive atmosphere was made up of the mixture of:
(1) Oxygen, ammonia, methane, water zsdfasdf (2) Hydrogen, ammonia, methane, oxygen
(3) Hydrogen, steam, methane, ammonia (4) Oxygen, methane, water, nickel
67. Which statement is wrong about chemical evolution on earth ?
(1) Life originated by composition of chemicals.
(2) Primitive atmosphere was reducing.
(3) First life was anaerobic
(4) First molecular compound formed was methane.
68. Which of the following is incorrect match in human evolution w.r.t. different hominid species,
their brain size and characteristic features ?
A B C
Hominid Brain size Characteristic features/die tary
(1) Homo habilis 650-800 cc. They probably did not eat meet
(2) Home erectus 900 cc. Probably ate meat
Lived in near east and Central Asia between 1,00,000 to
(3) Neanderthal man 1400 cc. 40,000 years back. Used hides to protect their body and
buried their dead
Modern Homo 1000 cc to They arose during ice age 10,000 to 1800; years ago.
(4)
sapiens 1100 cc Prehistoric art cave developed by them 18,000 years age
69. Following is a diagrammatic representation of an experiment. Study the diagram and answer
the questions given.

(A) Name the gases present in the spark chamber

(B) What was the temperature of the experiment ?
(C) Name the amino acid formed
(D) Name the scientist who conducted this experiment

A B C D
Oparin and
CH4,NH3, H2 800°C Glycine, Alanine, Aspartic acid
Haldane
CH4, NH3, H2O, H 2 800°C Glycine, Alanine, Aspartic acid Miller
CH4, NH3, H2 800°C Glycine, Glutamate, Alanine Urey and Miller
CH4, NH3, H2 800°C Glycine, Glutamate, Alanine Urey and Miller

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70. Consider the following four statement (a-d) and select the option which includes all the
correct ones only :
(a) Any population has built. in variation in characteristics.
(b) Fit individual produce more progeny.
(c) Nature shows differential reproduction.
(d) Nature shows over-production
(1) Statements a, b and d (2) Statements a, b, c and d
(3) Statements a, b and c (4) Statements a and b
71. Consider the following four statements (a-d) and select the option which includes all the
correct ones only :
(a) Darwin worked on Galapagos islands.
(b) Darwin's original finch was seed-eater.
(c) Darwin's finches represents one of the best example of adaptive radiation.
(d) Darwin travelled by H.M.S. Beagle.
(1) Statements a and b (2) Statements a and c
(3) Statements a, b and c (4) Statements a, b, c and d
72. Read the following statements :
(A) Louis Pasteur careful with experimentation demonstrated biogenesis by pre-sterilized swan neck
flask.
(B) Oparin-Haldane stated that the first form of life could have come from pre-existing chemicals.
(C) The condition on earth were-high temp, volcanic storm, reducing atmosphere contain CH 4, NH3,
O2 etc.
(D) Sugar, N2-Bases, pigment and fat were formed in electric discharge experiment.
Choose the option with all the correct statement ?
(1) A, B, C, D (2) A, B C (3) A, B, D (4) A, C, D
73. How many of the following develops as a result of divergent evolution i.e., the same structure
developed along different directions due to adaptation to different needs.
(a) Sweet potato and potato (b) Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendril of cucurbita
(c) Flippers of penguin and dolphin (d) Wings of bat and flippers of whale
(e) Eyes of octopus and mammals (e) Sting of honeybee and scorpion
(1) Two (2) Three (3) Four (4) Five
74. Which of the following statements is correct regarding evolutionof mankind ?
(1) Neanderthal and Homo habilis were living at the same time
(2) Australopithecus was living in Australia
(3) Homo erectus had a large brain capacity than Neanderthal man.
(4) Extinct human ancestor who ate only fruits and hunted with stone weapons was Australopithecus.
75. Evolution for Darwin was A while de Vries believed mutation caused B and hence called t C .
A B C
(1) Gradual Saltation Speciation
(2) Random Speciation Natural selection
(3) Gradual Speciation Saltation
(4) Random Saltation Genetic drift

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76. Mark the A, B, C and D in the following figure
zsdfasdf

(1) A - Water containing organic compound (2) A - Boiling water

B - Condenser, B - Condenser
C - Boiling water C - Water containing organic compounds
D- CH4, H2, H2O and NH3 gases D- CH4, NH3, H2O and H2 gases
(3) A - Condenser (4) A - Condenser
B - Boiling water B - Water containing organic compound
C - Water containing organic compound C- CH4, NH3, H2O and H2 gases
D- CH4, NH3, H2O and H2 gases D - Boiling water
77. NumbatoneI of the Australian marsupial shows convergent evolution with placental mammal ?
(1) Flying squirrel (2) Bobcat (3) Anteater (4) Wolf
78. A compound important in prebiotic evolution was :
(1) SO2 (2) CH4 (3) SO3 (4) NO
79. The most accepted theory of organic evolution :
(1) Natural selection theory (2) Phase theory
(3) Synthetic theory (4) Mutation theory
80. Which one of the following is not important of evolution ?
(1) Mutation (2) Recombination (3) Genetic drift (4) Somatic variation
81. The sequence of origin of life could be
(1) Organic materials ® inorganic materials ® colloidal aggregate ® eobiont ® cell
(2) Inorganic materials ® organic materials ® colloidal aggregates ® eobiont ® cell
(3) Inorganic materials ® organic materials ® eobiont ® cell ® colloidal aggregate
(4) Organic materials ® inorganic materials ® eobiont ® cell ® colloidal aggregate
82. How many statements are correct about evolution of human ?
(i) About 15 mya, primates called Dryopithecus and Ramapithecus were existing
(ii) Ramapithecus was more ape like while Dryopithecus was more man like
(iii) The brain capacities were between 650-800 cc. of Homo habilis
(iv) Homo erectus had a large brain around 1400 cc. capacity
(v) The Neanderthal man used hides to protect their body and buried their dead.
(vi) Agriculture cane around 10,000 years back and human settlements started.
Options :
(1) Four (2) Three (3) Five (4) Two

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83. About 2 million years ago probably lived in East African grassland. They hunted with stone
weapons.
Their cranial capacity was about ..... cc :
(1) Homo erectus, 900 (2) Homo habilis, 850-1300
(3) Australophithecus, 600 (4) Homo sapians, 1400
84. Correctly match column-I with column-II :

Column-I Column -II

(A) Cromagnon man (i) First man who stood erect
(B) Neanderthal man (ii) First man who made tools of stones for hunting
(C) Australopithecus (iii) First man who used fire for hunting, protection
(D) Homo erectus (iv) Start domestication of animals
(E) Homo habilis (v) Used hides to protect their body and buried their dead
Options:
(1) A=i, B = ii,,C=iii, D = iv, E=v (2) A=iv, B=v, C=i, D = iii E= ii
(3) A=iv, B=v, C=ii, D=i, E=iii (4) A=iii, B=iv, C=i, D=v, E=ii

85. Read the statements (i-iv) and choose the correct option :
(i) Increase in melanised moths after industrialisation in Great Britain is a proof of Natural selection
(ii) More individuals acquiring mean character value cause disruption
(iii) Change in allelic frequency leads to hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
(iv) Genetic drift changes allelic, frequency in future generations
(1) ii is correct (2) iv is correct
(3) i and iv are correct (4) i and iii are correct
86. Which fossil man had cranial capacity almost equal to modern man ?
(1) Australopithecus (2) Java ape man (3) Neanderthal man (4) Peking man
87. Fire for protection and cooking was first used by :
(1) Neanderthal man (2) Cro-magnon man (3) Java man (4) Peking man
88. In evolution the studies can be made at molecular level. For example the protein present in
the blood of man and ape are similar. The base sequence in protein in related organism is
alike. These are the examples which one specifically referred to in:
(1) convergent evolution (2) molecular analogy
(3) molecular homology (4) homoplastic appearance
89. In which era reptiles were dominated ?
(1) Coenozoic era (2) Mesozoic era (3) Paleozoic era (4) Archaeozoic era
90. Which one of the following sequences was proposed by Darwin and Wallace for organic
evolution ?
(1) Overproduction, variations, constancy of population size, natural selection
(2) Variations, constancy of population size overproduction, natural selection
(3) Overproduction, constancy of population size, variations, natural selection
(4) Variations, natural selection, overproduction, constancy of population size

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