L1 - Introduction To Satellite Geodesy

GEOM 315: SATELLITE GEODESY
Presented By
Basant Awasthi
basant.awasthi@ku.edu.np
 Geodesy
 Satellite Geodesy
 Basic Concepts of Satellite Geodesy
 Classification of Satellite Geodesy
 Application of Satellite Geodesy
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Source: https://gisgeography.com/geodesy/
Geodesy: The Mathematics of “Where”
“….because the earth is not flat and is

non-homogeneous.” 3
 Etymology : from Greek geodaisia "division of the earth”
 Science of Measurement and Mapping of Earth Surface.
 Science of Measuring and Monitoring the size and shape of the Earth
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Geometric Geodesy Physical Geodesy
 Concerned with describing locations  Concerned with gravity fields.

in terms of geometry.
Satellite Geodesy Geodetic Astronomy
 Concerned with Satellites and use of  Concerned with celestial

these for geodetic purposes. bodies for geodetic purposes.
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What is satellite?
 A satellite is a moon, planet or machine that
orbits a planet or star.
 For example, Earth is a satellite because it
orbits the sun.
 Likewise, the moon is a satellite because it
orbits Earth.
 Usually, the word "satellite" refers to a machine
that is launched into space and moves around
Earth or another body in space.
(National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
NASA has more than a dozen Earth science satellites in orbit.
They help NASA study the oceans, land and atmosphere. 6
Credits: NASA
 A satellite orbits Earth when its speed is
balanced by the pull of Earth's gravity.
Without this balance, the satellite would
fly in a straight line off into space or fall
back to Earth.
 The gravitational force provides the
required centripetal force.
 What is the expression for orbital

velocity of the satellite around Earth’s
surface?
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The measurement of -
 the form and dimensions of Earth,
 the location of objects on its surface
 the figure of the Earth's gravity field
to, from, or between artificial,
mostly near-Earth, satellites.
Satellite geodesy relies heavily

on orbital mechanics.
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 Directions, ranges, and range-rates are
determined between Earth surface
locations and satellites or between
satellites.
 Satellite geodetic data and methods
can be applied to diverse fields such
as navigation, hydrography,
oceanography and geophysics.
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1. determination of precise global, regional and local three-dimensional positions
(e.g. the establishment of geodetic control).
2. determination of Earth’s gravity field and linear functions of this field (e.g. a
precise geoid)
3. measurement and modeling of geodynamical phenomena (e.g. polar motion,

Earth rotation, crustal deformation)
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1. Determination Of Precise Global, Regional And Local Three-dimensional
Positions (e.g. The Establishment Of Geodetic Control).
First Order Control Network of Nepal [68]
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2. Determination Of Earth’s Gravity Field And Linear Functions Of This Field
(e.g. A Precise Geoid)
Nepal Geoid 2010
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https://www.unoosa.org/pdf/icg/2016/nepal-workshop/8_39.pdf
3. Measurement And Modeling Of Geodynamical Phenomena (e.g. Polar
Motion, Earth Rotation, Crustal Deformation)
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Based on measurement techniques,
1. Earth to Space Methods
 Directions from camera observations,
 Satellite laser ranging (SLR),
 Doppler positioning (TRANSIT, DORIS), and
 Geodetic use of the Global Positioning System (GPS, GLONASS, GNSS)
2. Space to Earth methods

 radar altimetry,
 spaceborne laser, and
 satellite gradiometry.
3. Space to Space methods

 satellite-to-satellite tracking (SST)
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 Positioning
 Gravity Field and Earth Models
 Navigation and Marine Geodesy
 Geodynamics
 Detailed plane surveying (land register, urban and rural surveying, geographic
information systems (GIS), town planning, boundary demarcation etc.)
 Installation of special networks and control for engineering tasks
 Terrestrial control points in photogrammetry and remote sensing
 The deformation of the Earth from earthquakes.
 And many more…
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Geostationary Satellite
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1. What is the expression for
 Orbital velocity of the satellite around the Earth’s surface?
 Period of satellite?
 Height of satellite?
2. Why there is importance of artificial satellites in geodesy?

3. What is geostationary satellite? What is the geostationary satellite used for?
Calculate the height of geostationary satellite.
4. What are the major application of satellite geodesy in context of Nepal?
Deadline: 26 June, 2020
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Thank you for your attention.
Any Queries?
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GEOM 315: SATELLITE GEODESY

Geodesy: The Mathematics of “Where”

“….because the earth is not flat and is

 Science of Measurement and Mapping of Earth Surface.

 Concerned with describing locations  Concerned with gravity fields.

Satellite Geodesy Geodetic Astronomy

 Concerned with Satellites and use of  Concerned with celestial

 What is the expression for orbital

Satellite geodesy relies heavily

3. measurement and modeling of geodynamical phenomena (e.g. polar motion,

First Order Control Network of Nepal [68]

Nepal Geoid 2010

2. Space to Earth methods

3. Space to Space methods

2. Why there is importance of artificial satellites in geodesy?

Deadline: 26 June, 2020

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