Basic Response Procedures and Fire

Emergency and Evacuation Plan

1. Apply basic response procedures during a fire
incident.
2. Follow fire emergency and evacuation plans.
1. A kind of disaster when it goes out of control and spreads fast,
threatening human life, homes, and other structures. A. Fire C.
Typhoon B. Flood D. Pandemic
2. The following must be present to produce fire EXCEPT, A. Oxygen
C. Dust B. Fuel D. Heat
3. What you should have at home, office or building as safety
measures? A. Smoke alarms and Fire extinguishers C. Fire
extinguisher and Fire Exits B. Smoke alarms and Fire Truck D. Fire
Truck and Fire extinguishers
4. Which of the following is not a basic response procedure during
fire incident? A. Make sure everyone in your household knows
where and how to evacuate B. Always take part in fire drills C. Plan
more than one way to exit your location D. Run to the comfort
room during fire
5. What is the importance of following the emergency and evacuation plan? A. To
save time, means also saving life B. To access the shortcut route during
emergency C. To save other family members D. To have time to get your
important belongings
• Fire becomes disaster when it goes out of control
and spreads fast, threatening human life, homes, and
other structures. Crops, forest vegetation, and
animals can also be endangered particularly during
dry Fire is a chemical reaction. It is the rapid
oxidation of fuel producing heat and light. For fire to
occur, there must be a presence of heat, fuel,
oxygen. Safety Measures: What you should have in
your home 1. Smoke Alarm Install smoke alarms in
rooms, kitchens and other living areas. It ALERTS you
when the fire is still in a controllable state. 2. Fire
Extinguisher Have an ABC or ABCD type of fire
extinguisher in the kitchen and workshop areas.
Know how to use a fire extinguisher.
• Majority of fire incidents occur in family dwellings
and mostly caused by electrical short circuits and
connections. In the first quarter of 2013, 23% of fire
incidents are of this nature.
• LPG explosions due to poorly maintained tanks and
hoses also caused 98 fire accidents in the homes in
2012. Unattended cooking is among the most
frequent caused of fire. It climbed up to 533 fires in
2012 destroying hard earned investments.
• Lighted cigarette butts caused 271 fire incidents in
the first quarter of 2013.
• In 2012, open flames due to unattended torch
(gasera) and lighted candles caused 455 fire
accidents destroying several homes all over the
country.
Lighted matches and lighters consumed several homes
resulting to 124 fire incidents in the first quarter of
2013

An emergency exit plan is highly recommended for a

family dwelling. Be sure that your kids know and
understand the exit route and the meeting place
outside your house. An exit drill is also a fun way of
getting your children involved
 The following are response procedures during a fire incident.

1. Make sure everyone in your household knows where and

how to evacuate
2. Always take part in fire drills
3. Plan more than one way to exit your location
4. Never leave fire unattended
5. Make sure all fire tools are easy to access
6. If you are advised to evacuate, leave immediately
7. If you are not trained and equipped to fight a fire, don’t risk
your life
8. When there is a fire, before opening a door -
Check to see if there is heat or smoke coming
through cracks around the door. If yes, do not
open! - Touch the door and doorknob. If it is hot,
do not open! - If the door is cool, open carefully
and follow your escape route
9. Keep close to the ground – there is less
smoke there
10. Even if you’re scared, never hide from fire
fighters – they will not find you!
11. Regularly check that your fire alarm is
working.
 ACTIVITY
Direction: Make an emergency exit plan at
home. Conduct a conference and assign
responsible persons if possible. Document the
process. Your documentation must include the
following:
 EXIT PLAN DOCUMENTATION
TITLE OF THE ACTIVITY

DATE

VENUE

OVERVIEW

OBJECTIVE/S

PARTICIPANTS

HIGHLIGHTS

RESULTS/ANALYSIS

WAYS FORWARD

PHOTO
DOCUMENTATION
 PT: FIRE DRILL
1. PLANNING AND ORGANIZING
2. DEVELOPING THE EVACUATION PLAN
(Drawing)
• Designate a specific area for assembly point
• Indicate on the drawing dangerous points
which should be avoided
• Indicate by arrow, the route, members should
follow from their respective rooms to
assembly points
• Make sure all members are oriented about
evacuation routes
• Prepare survival kits and first aid kits.

• Note: You can find home escape plan template

in the Internet.
• The student has drawn the diagram of the
house. 5
• The student has drawn in detail the fire
escape plan. 5
• The student has shown 2 ways to exit safely. 5
• The student has identified assembly point. 5
THANK YOU & BRAVO BASTE
 FIRE TETRAHEDRON
• HEAT is energy that flows from an object of
high temperature to an object of low
temperature. It should be of an amount which
is enough to liberate the vapor from solid and
liquid forms of fuel and cause ignition.
• FUEL is any liquid, solid or gaseous substance
that can be burned. For combustion to take
place, fuel must first be converted into the
gaseous state.
 FIRE TETRAHEDRON
• OXIDIZING AGENT is an element or a
compound which releases oxygen or other
oxidizers during a chemical reaction. The most
common oxidizing agent is oxygen.
Interestingly, burning could actually occur in
the absence of oxygen as long as other
oxidizing agents are present such as bromates,
chlorates, fluorine, chlorine, fluorine, iodine,
nitrates etc.
 FIRE TETRAHEDRON
• CHEMICAL CHAIN REACTION. Combustion or
burning-an exothermic reaction becomes
self-sustained because the heat given off
during combustion (which is greater than the
amount of heat required for the reaction to
occur in the first place) is used again to heat
the fuel and maintain the burning.
Emergency Planning – Building Fires
An Emergency Action Plan is a plan created to help people respond to emergency
situations in a safe and organized manner.
 CAUSES OF BUILDING FIRES
• UnattendedCooking equipment and other
household fire sources
• Electrical appliances and wiring problems
• Haphazardly stored flammable liquids and
other easily combustible materials
• Fireworks and firecrackers
• Arson
Emergency Planning – Building Fires
If you see smoke or fire in your first escape route, use an
alternate way out. If you must exit through smoke, crawl
low under the smoke to your exit.

If you are escaping through a closed door, feel the door first
using the back of your hand. If it is warm, keep the door
closed and use an alternate way out.

If smoke, heat, or flames block your exit routes, stay in the

room with the door closed. Signal for help using a
bright-colored cloth at the window. If there is a telephone in
the room, try calling 117 or (088) 271-160 and tell them your
location.
Alerting Others to Fire
Your employer’s emergency action plan will also
include procedures for reporting a fire. Your
employer will cover the procedures to follow in
alerting others to the fire emergency, such as using
fire alarms or paging systems.

Generally your employer will have an alarm system

in place which has a distinctive signal. Fire drills will
make you aware of the sound. Practice all drills as if
they are the real thing.
Fire Prevention Plan I
While the hope is that a fire never happens, BFP requires employers to have a fire
prevention plan in place. The purpose of a fire prevention plan is to prevent a fire
from occurring in a workplace. The plan helps ensure the safety of workers and
property.

An employer must inform employees upon initial assignment to a job of the fire
hazards to which they are exposed. An employer must also review with each
employee those parts of the fire prevention plan necessary for self-protection.

If an employer has 10 or fewer employees, they may communicate the plan orally to
employees.
Fire Prevention Plan
A plan describes all the major fire hazards at the workplace that could initiate or
contribute to the spread of a fire.

A Plan includes:
-proper handling, storage, and control procedures
-building systems and equipment in place to control ignitions or fires
-who is responsible controlling hazards and maintaining control systems
-training required for all employees who have responsibilities in the plan
Fire Hazards
It is important for you to follow day-by-day practices to avoid and control fire hazards.
This includes:
∙Clean up spills of flammable or combustible liquids promptly.
∙Dispose of combustible scrap, debris and waste materials safely in
covered metal receptacles. Remove the waste from the worksite
promptly.
∙Practice safe storage requirements for flammable and combustible liquids
and hazardous materials.
∙Do not smoke near flammable or combustible liquids.
∙If you smoke, before you throw away butts and ashes, make sure they are
out.
Fire Hazards
Do not create situations that could create problems should a fire occur:
∙Do not obstruct fire doors and shutters.
∙Do not block or obstruct the path to a fire extinguisher.
∙Never prop open emergency doors. Fire doors keep fire from
spreading.
∙Keep a proper clearance available below fire sprinkler heads at
all times.
∙Be wise about the use of electrical cords. Be certain you are
not creating a tripping hazard by making sure they are not
running across doorways or walkways.
Reporting Hazards
-Report any obvious hazard to life or property in
connection with electrical equipment or lines as soon as
possible.
-Report any exposed wiring and cords with frayed or
deteriorated insulation promptly.
-Talk to your supervisor if you encounter frequent
problems with blowing fuses or tripping circuit breakers.
Controlling Hazards
Here are some examples of regular maintenance your employer will
handle in order to be prepared if a fire should occur:

-Fire alarm systems are tested annually.

-Both water and air pressure need to be checked periodically in
automatic sprinkler systems. The control valves also need to be
tested.
-Fire doors and shutters need to be in good operating condition.
-Interior standpipes and valves are to be inspected regularly.
Flight or Flee?
A fire is the most common type of emergency for which businesses must plan.
A critical decision when planning is whether or not employees should fight a
small fire with a portable fire extinguisher or simply evacuate.

If you are expected to fight fires as part of the fire prevention plan, your
employer will instruct you on the hazards of fighting fire. Then in any fire
situation you might face, you will need to use good judgment and make smart
decisions regarding what to do. Your safety is always the first concern.
Fire Extinguishers- Employee’s Responsibility
Your employer must mount, locate and identify fire extinguishers so workers
can access them without subjecting themselves to possible injury. Portable
fire extinguishers need to be available in adequate numbers and mounted in
a ready accessible location.

Fire extinguishers must be inspected, maintained and tested. Fire

extinguishers must be fully charged and kept in operable condition. When
an extinguisher is recharged, that activity needs to be correctly noted on its
inspection tag.
Fire Extinguishers
Portable fire extinguishers have two functions:

-to control or extinguish small (incipient stage) fires

-to protect evacuation routes that a fire may block directly or indirectly with
smoke or burning/smoldering materials.

To extinguish a fire with a portable extinguisher, a

person must have immediate access to the
extinguisher, know how to actuate the unit, and
know how to apply the extinguishing agent
effectively.
Fire Extinguishers: Risk Assessment

Fires can increase in size and intensity in seconds, blocking the exit path of the
fire fighter and creating a hazardous atmosphere.

In addition, portable fire extinguishers contain a limited

amount of extinguishing agent and can be discharged in a
matter of seconds. Therefore, individuals should attempt to
fight only very small or incipient stage fires.
Fire Extinguishers: Risk Assessment
Prior to fighting any fire with a portable fire extinguisher you must perform a
risk assessment that evaluates the fire size, the fire fighters evacuation path,
and the atmosphere in the vicinity of the fire.

You will need to determine factors such as:

-Is the fire too big?

-Is the air safe to breathe?
-Is the environment too hot or smoky? AND
-Is there a safe evaluation path?
Fire Extinguishers: Risk Assessment
Characteristics of incipient (beginning) Characteristics of fires that SHOULD NOT
stage fires or fires that CAN be be fought with a portable fire extinguisher
extinguished with portable fire that require you to evacuate immediately:
extinguishers:
-The fire involves flammable solvents
-The fire is limited to the original material -It has spread over more than 60 square feet
ignited. -It is partially hidden behind a wall or ceiling.
-It is contained (such as in a waste basket) -The fire can not be reached from a standing
and has not spread to other materials. position.
-The flames are no higher than your head -The fire has not depleted the oxygen in the
room and is producing only small quantities of
toxic gases
-No respiratory protection equipment is
required.
Fire Extinguishers: Risk Assessment
Characteristics of incipient stage Characteristics of fires that SHOULD
fires or fires that CAN be NOT be fought with a portable fire
extinguished with portable fire extinguisher that require you to
extinguishers: evacuate immediately:

-Heat is being generated, but the room -The radiated heat is easily felt on exposed
temperature is only slightly increased. skin making it difficult to approach within
10-15 feet of the fire (or the effective range of
-Smoke may be accumulating on the the extinguisher).
ceiling, but visibility is good.
-You must crawl on the floor due to heat or
-No special personal protective smoke.
equipment is required.
-Smoke is quickly filling the room, decreasing
visibility.
Fire Extinguishers
There are 5 different classes of fire extinguishers. Each class is used for
different types of fires. Each workplace building must have a full
complement of the proper type of fire extinguisher for the fire hazards
present:
Class A – Ordinary combustible material fires (such as wood, cloth, paper)

Class B – Flammables/liquids, gases, greases

Class C – Electrical/energized electrical equipment

Class D – Combustible metals (such as magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium, and

potassium.)

Class K – Combustible cooking media/vegetable or animal oils and fats

 THE RULES FOR FIGHTING FIRES
• ACTIVATE the building’s fire alarm system or
dial 117 to notify the fire departmentof the
incident.
• ASSIST anybody who is in need of help to
escape the building, without putting your own
life at risk.
• ATTEMPT to put out the fire only after doing
these.
 THE RULES FOR FIGHTING FIRES
• In some instances, one can still manage to
extinguish a fire on his own before it becomes
bigger. The following should be considered:
• The size of the fire
• Presence of toxic smoke
• A means of escape
• Instinct
 VIDEOS ABOUT FIRE
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R_UqRQriVao
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Z-NNXjwQv0
THANK YOU & BRAVO BASTE