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    CONDENSEr GL

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    harisankar
    The document summarizes the key components and functions of a turbine condensate system. The condenser shell houses the tubes through which cooling water circulates. Condensate pumps extract the condensed steam from the hotwell and pump it through low pressure heaters, where bleed steam from the turbine preheats the condensate. The condensate is then deaerated to remove dissolved gases before being fed back to the boiler. The condenser, low pressure heaters, deaerator, and condensate pumps work together to condense and recover steam from the turbine exhaust to increase turbine efficiency.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    CONDENSEr GL

    Uploaded by

    harisankar
    39 views37 pages
    The document summarizes the key components and functions of a turbine condensate system. The condenser shell houses the tubes through which cooling water circulates. Condensate pumps extract the condensed steam from the hotwell and pump it through low pressure heaters, where bleed steam from the turbine preheats the condensate. The condensate is then deaerated to remove dissolved gases before being fed back to the boiler. The condenser, low pressure heaters, deaerator, and condensate pumps work together to condense and recover steam from the turbine exhaust to increase turbine efficiency.

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    CONDENSEr gl

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    The document summarizes the key components and functions of a turbine condensate system. The condenser shell houses the tubes through which cooling water circulates. Condensate pumps extract the condensed steam from the hotwell and pump it through low pressure heaters, where bleed steam from the turbine preheats the condensate. The condensate is then deaerated to remove dissolved gases before being fed back to the boiler. The condenser, low pressure heaters, deaerator, and condensate pumps work together to condense and recover steam from the turbine exhaust to increase turbine efficiency.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    39 views37 pages

    CONDENSEr GL

    Uploaded by

    harisankar
    The document summarizes the key components and functions of a turbine condensate system. The condenser shell houses the tubes through which cooling water circulates. Condensate pumps extract the condensed steam from the hotwell and pump it through low pressure heaters, where bleed steam from the turbine preheats the condensate. The condensate is then deaerated to remove dissolved gases before being fed back to the boiler. The condenser, low pressure heaters, deaerator, and condensate pumps work together to condense and recover steam from the turbine exhaust to increase turbine efficiency.

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    of 37

    Turbine Condensate System

    Shell of the Condenser


    • The shell is the outer most body of the condenser
    • shell is fabricated from fairly thick carbon steel plates.
    • Due to its large size the shell is sufficiently
    strengthened or stiffened internally with carbon steel
    plates to give sufficient rigidity for the shell proper.
    • The shell also gives support to number of intermediate
    support plates for the long tubes, depending on the size
    of the condenser.
    • At the same time the intermediate tube support plates
    allow for the free movements of tubes in all directions
    particularly lengthwise due to expansion and
    contraction occurring during operation.
    • The whole condenser is supported on heavy springs,
    mounted on steel sole plates at suitable places on the
    concrete foundation
    • At the bottom of the shell where the condensate is
    allowed to collect, a sump (often referred to as the
    hotwell) is provided.
    • This sump is common to both the halves but separated
    by a partition wall in the middle up to the height of the
    bottom row of tubes.
    • The inside of shell and outside the tubes as a whole
    remains under vacuum under normal operating
    conditions. Inside the tubes the cooling or circulating
    water passes through.
    Why is it required?

    • The steam turbine itself is a device to


    convert the heat in steam to mechanical
    power.
    • Enthalpy drop across the turbine
    decides the work output of the turbine.
    For increasing this enthalpy drop
    across the turbine we need effective
    condenser vacuum system.
    • By condensing the exhaust steam of
    turbine, the exhaust pressure is brought
    down below atmospheric pressure,
    increasing the steam pressure drop
    between inlet and exhaust of steam turbine.
    This further reduction in exhaust pressure
    gives out more heat per unit weight of
    steam input to the steam turbine, for
    conversion to mechanical power.
    Condensate Pumps
    • The function of these pumps is to pumps
    out the condensate to the deaerator thru'
    ejectors, gland steam cooler, and L.P.
    heaters. These pumps have four stages
    and since the suction is at a negative
    pressure, special arrangements have been
    made for providing sealing.
    Stages:

    The pressure build up in 4 stages as suction is


    at negative pressure.

    Recirculation:

    It is done when the de aerator level controller


    trips in order to prevent cavitations.
    CONSTRUCTIONAL
    FEATURES OF
    CONDENSATE
    EXTRACTION PUMP
    DESIGN FEATURES OF CEP
    •Vertical, Multi Stage, Multi-Shaft.
    •Can type construction with suction nozzle integral
    with Canister.
    •Double Suction first stage Impeller for minimum
    NPSHR.
    •Balancing holes and tilting pad Thrust Bearing for
    Axial Thrust.
    •Cutless rubber line bearings with axial flutes.
    •Shaft sealing by PTFE rope packing / Mechanical
    Seals.
    •Compatible materials for stationary and rotating
    parts.
    HEAD PIECE :
    It incorporates the discharge and suction branches
    and supports Thrust Bearing Housing & Driving
    Motor.
    It is sealed where the Shaft passes through Stuffing
    Box which incorporates soft packing and a Lantern
    Ring.
    Apertures are provided on Headpiece for accessing
    Coupling, Thrust Bearing and Stuffing Box.
    An air vent pipe is incorporated in the Headpiece for
    connection to the condenser tank.
    Pre-Requisites and State of plant

    1. Unit ECW system in service


    2. Work permits on various LP heaters, drip system, drain cooler etc.,
    cancelled and men , material removed from these area
    3. Instrument air is charged to various valves and valve actuators
    4. Local pressure, temperature, flow, level guage and transmitter charged
    5. Check that hot well drains are closed
    6. Sufficient quantity of DM water available in the unit CST tank
    7. Ensure switch gear is charged and breakers are kept in service mode.
    8. Ensure that EPB is released from local
    Pre- Start Check and Lineup

    1. Establish ECW flow to CEP motor cavity coolers


    2. Open ECW inlet and outlet to CEP bearing coolers
    3. Lineup the hot well normal makeup line from local
    4. Open the GSC minimum flow isolating valve from local
    5. Open the suction valves of all 3 CEP from local
    6. Open recirculation valves from local
    7. Rack in CEP breaker from switchgear in service position
    8. Open the sealing line valve from common discharge from local
    9. Ensure the common isolation valves for Exhaust hood spray
    and drain manifold is closed from local
    10. Open the manual isolating valves for Deaerator level controller
    11. Ensure lineup of LP heaters from water side is through up to
    deaerator and water vents are crack open
    12. Ensure all CEP discharge valves are full closed
    13. Ensure that all the recirculation valves are full open and are in
    manual
    Operation steps
    1. Check that emergency makeup pump should start
    2. Start hot well makeup or DM makeup pump from DM plant
    3. Open the hot well makeup control valve to fill the hot well
    4. Observe the steady rise in the condensate makeup flow and hot well level
    5. Keep the control mode for emergency makeup pump alternate as standby
    6. Close both controllers when hot well level comes to about 50mm
    7. Check that hot well level adequate permissive appears on all 3 CEP start
    permissive indication
    8. Start CEP A
    9. Check the discharge valve opens and discharge pressure gradually builds
    up
    10. Check pump is running ok and no abnormal sound in local
    11. Keep the lead / lag switch of the pump B and C respectively
    12. Open the block valve of the Deaerator valve control valve
    13. Open the Deaerator level control valve about 20%
    14. Condensate flow to deaerator increases and CEP discharge pressure
    drops
    15. Check Deaerator level gradually builds up
    16. Open Emergency/Normal makeup to makeup Hot well
    17. Close the deaerator level controller once the deaerator level has come
    above normal level
    18. Close the makeup to Hot well as all CEP are running in Recirculation
    19. Check Bearing temp and Vibration of pumps
    20. Keep the block valves of Deaerator level controller alternate station open
    state.
    L.P. Heaters
    • Turbine has been provided with non-
    controlled extractions which are utilised for
    heating the condensate, from turbine
    bleed steam. There are 3 or 4 low
    pressure heaters in which LP turbine last
    extractions are used.
    LOW PRESSURE HEATERS

    D/A

    LPT LPT LPT


    3RD STAGE 5RD STAGE 7RD STAGE
    BFP

    LPH3 LPH2 LPH1 DC

    DRIP DRIP DRIP

    CONDENSER
    LPT STAGES
    7TH STAGE

    5TH STAGE
    3RD STAGE
    Feed Water Heater
    • A Feedwater heater is a component used to pre-
    heat water delivered to the boiler. Preheating the
    feedwater reduces the amount of energy needed to
    make steam and thus reduces plant operation
    costs. This improves the thermodynamic efficiency
    of the system.
    Flow arrangement
    In parallel-flow heat
    exchangers, the two fluids
    enter the exchanger at the
    same end, and travel in
    parallel to one another to
    the other side. In counter-
    flow heat exchangers the
    fluids enter the exchanger
    from opposite ends. The
    counter current design is
    most efficient, in that it
    can transfer the most
    heat.
    What is deareator?
    • Deaerator is a device for air removal from
    water to make it non-corrosive. Deaerator
    generally implies not only the deaerator
    but also the feed water tank below where
    deaerated water is stored and fed to the
    suction of boiler feed pumps.
    Deaerator
    • The presence of certain gases, principally
    oxygen, carbon-di-oxide and ammonia,
    dissolved in water is generally considered
    harmful because of their corrosive attack
    on metals, particularly at elevated
    temperatures.
    • function is to remove dissolved gases from
    the feed water by mechanical means.
    Parts of D/A
    • Tubular type gauge glass.
    • High level alarm switch.
    • Low level alarm switch.
    • Pressure gauge.
    • Straight thermometers with pockets.
    • Safety valve
    • Isolating valves for steam pipes.
    DEAERATOR
    Water Spray in Deaerator
    Thank you

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