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REVELATION AND
FAITH
IN
THE NEW
TESTAMENT
Submitted by: Rosales, Clifford Jan M
2. Saul persecuted the Christians before his conversion because he considered them a threat to Judaism.
He was a devout Pharisee and believed that the teachings of Jesus and his followers contradicted the
Jewish law and traditions. Saul saw the early Christian movement as a heretical sect that needed to be
suppressed in order to preserve the purity of Judaism. He played a significant role in the persecution of
Christians, approving of their imprisonment and even participating in their execution.
3. Peter and Paul are considered the pillars of the Catholic Church due to their significant contributions to
the early development and spread of Christianity. Peter, also known as Saint Peter or Simon Peter, was
one of the twelve apostles chosen by Jesus and is regarded as the first Pope of the Catholic Church. He
played a central role in the establishment of the early Christian community and is seen as the rock
upon which the Church was built.
Paul, formerly known as Saul, was a zealous persecutor of Christians but underwent a dramatic conversion
experience. He became an influential apostle and missionary, traveling extensively to spread the
teachings of Jesus to both Jews and Gentiles. Paul's letters, included in the New Testament, provide
valuable theological insights and instructions for early Christian communities. His writings played a
crucial role in shaping the theology and practices of the early Church.
4. A gospel refers to a written account of the life, teachings, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. The
four gospels in the New Testament are Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. They are considered the
primary sources of information about Jesus' life and ministry.
The synoptic gospels are Matthew, Mark, and Luke, which share a similar narrative structure and often
include overlapping content. They are called "synoptic" because they can be viewed together, allowing
for a comparison of their accounts of Jesus' life. The term "synoptic" comes from the Greek words
"syn" (together) and "opsis" (view), indicating that these gospels can be seen together and compared
side by side.
5. The relationship between science and religion is a complex and debated topic. It is important to note
that views on this matter can vary among individuals and religious denominations. Some people see
science and religion as complementary, while others perceive them as contradictory.
The complementary view suggests that science and religion address different aspects of human existence
and can coexist harmoniously. Science is seen as a means to understand the natural world through
empirical observation and experimentation. Religion, on the other hand, offers answers to existential
questions and provides moral and spiritual guidance. According to this perspective, science and religion
can provide different but complementary insights into the nature of reality.
On the contrary, the contradictory view posits that science and religion are inherently incompatible. This
perspective argues that scientific findings often challenge or contradict religious beliefs and that
religious claims are based on faith and supernatural explanations, which are not testable or verifiable
through scientific methods.
It's worth noting that there are also intermediate positions that seek to find a balance between science
and religion, acknowledging the potential overlap and areas of harmony, while recognizing their
distinct methodologies and domains of inquiry.
6. The letters of Paul, also known as the Pauline Epistles, are a collection of letters written by the apostle
Paul to various early Christian communities. These letters address specific issues and offer teachings,
instructions, and encouragement to those communities.
One particular verse that can serve as a guide for a Christ-centered person is found in Paul's letter to the
Galatians 2:20: "I have been crucified with Christ and I no longer live, but Christ lives in me. The life I
now live in the body, I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave himself for me."
This verse highlights the central theme of faith in Jesus Christ and the transformative power of his sacrifice.
It emphasizes the idea that believers should die to their old selves and live a new life, with Christ
dwelling within them. It serves as a reminder to put faith in Christ at the center of one's life and to
strive to live in accordance with his teachings.
7. Parousia refers to the second coming of Jesus Christ, the anticipated return of Christ in glory at the end
of time to judge the living and the dead. It is a significant concept in Christian eschatology (the study of
the end times) and is associated with the final fulfillment of God's plan for humanity.
To prepare for the Parousia, Christians are encouraged to live a life of faith, righteousness, and obedience
to God's commandments. This involves cultivating a personal relationship with Jesus, practicing love,
compassion, and forgiveness, and being actively engaged in spreading the message of the Gospel.
Additionally, believers are encouraged to be vigilant and watchful, eagerly awaiting the return of Christ
while faithfully fulfilling their responsibilities in the world.
8. The spread of Christianity from Jerusalem to Antioch and from Antioch to Rome played a crucial role in
the early expansion and establishment of the Christian faith.
After Jesus' crucifixion and resurrection, the apostles and early disciples initially focused on spreading the
message of Christianity in Jerusalem and the surrounding areas. However, as persecution and
opposition increased, Christians began to disperse and take the Gospel to other regions.
Antioch, located in present-day Turkey, became a significant center for early Christian activity. It was in
Antioch that the followers of Jesus were first called Christians (Acts 11:26). The city's strategic location
and cosmopolitan nature made it an ideal hub for the dissemination of the Christian message. From
Antioch, missionaries were sent to various regions, including Asia Minor, Greece, and Rome,
contributing to the spread of Christianity throughout the Roman Empire.
The spread of Christianity from Antioch to Rome was instrumental in establishing Christianity as a major
religious and cultural force. Rome was the capital of the Roman Empire, and its influence and power
made it a critical center for the expansion of the Christian faith. The conversion of Emperor
Constantine in the 4th century further accelerated the spread of Christianity and eventually led to its
official recognition and acceptance throughout the empire.
9. The Paschal Mystery of Jesus Christ refers to the profound and interconnected events of his suffering,
death, and resurrection. It is the central mystery and foundation of Christian faith and theology.
The Paschal Mystery begins with Jesus' suffering, which encompasses his agony in the Garden of
Gethsemane, his betrayal by Judas, his arrest, trial, and crucifixion. In his suffering, Jesus took upon
himself the sins and burdens of humanity, offering himself as the ultimate sacrifice for the redemption
of humanity.
Jesus' death on the cross represents the culmination of his earthly mission. It is through his sacrificial
death that Jesus reconciles humanity with God, bridging the gap caused by sin and opening the way to
eternal life. His death signifies the depth of God's love and the extent to which he is willing to go to
save humanity.
The Paschal Mystery reaches its climax in Jesus' resurrection from the dead. On the third day after his
crucifixion, Jesus conquered death and rose to new life. His resurrection demonstrates his victory over
sin and death, offering the promise of eternal life to all who believe in him. It is a testament to the
power of God and the hope of salvation for all believers.
The Paschal Mystery is not just a historical event but an ongoing reality that Christians participate in
through faith and the sacraments. Through baptism, believers die and rise with Christ, sharing in his
Paschal Mystery and being united with him in his resurrection. The Eucharist, or Holy Communion, also
commemorates and makes present the Paschal Mystery, allowing believers to partake in the body and
blood of Christ and be nourished by his sacrifice.
10. In this subject, I have gained several significant learnings. Firstly, I have learned about the historical and
theological foundations of Christianity, including the early conflicts between Jews and Christians and
the role of key figures like Peter and Paul in the formation of the early Church. This understanding has
deepened my knowledge of the origins and development of the Christian faith.
Secondly, I have learned about the significance of the Paschal Mystery of Jesus Christ. Exploring the
suffering, death, and resurrection of Jesus has helped me grasp the central message of Christianity and
the profound love and sacrifice of God for humanity. This understanding has strengthened my faith
and provided a deeper appreciation for the core beliefs of Christianity.
Lastly, I have gained insights into the relationship between science and religion. The exploration of the
complementary and contradictory views has allowed me to appreciate the diverse perspectives on this
topic. It has highlighted the importance of open dialogue and respectful engagement in navigating the
interface between science and faith.
Since our main objective is to know Christ, we will go over the NT books briefly in 3-5 minutes. Just make a research
about its factual information like, the author, when was it written, its synopsis and your reflective insight about the
letter or the book.
Matthew:
Author: The Gospel of Matthew is traditionally attributed to the Apostle Matthew, one of the twelve
disciples of Jesus.
Written: It was likely written around AD 57-58 during Paul's third missionary journey.
Synopsis: Romans is a theological masterpiece, addressing the core doctrines of salvation, righteousness,
and the relationship between Jews and Gentiles in the context of the gospel. It emphasizes justification
by faith and the transformative power of God's grace.
Reflective insight: Romans presents a comprehensive understanding of the gospel, highlighting the
universal need for salvation and the depth of God's love. It challenges believers to live transformed
lives and extends an invitation to embrace God's righteousness through faith.
1 Corinthians:
Author: The Apostle Paul wrote the first letter to the Corinthians.
Written: It was likely written around AD 55-56 during Paul's stay in Ephesus.
Synopsis: 1 Corinthians addresses various issues and challenges in the Corinthian church, including
divisions, immorality, spiritual gifts, and disputes over doctrine. Paul provides practical instructions and
teachings on unity, love, and the importance of living according to the principles of the gospel.
Reflective insight: 1 Corinthians teaches us about the nature and purpose of the Church as the body of
Christ. It emphasizes the importance of love, spiritual maturity, and the proper use of spiritual gifts for
the edification of the community.
2 Corinthians:
Author: The Apostle Paul is also the author of the second letter to the Corinthians.
Written: It was likely written around AD 55-56, shortly after the first letter.
Synopsis: 2 Corinthians is a deeply personal and emotional letter, addressing Paul's relationship with the
Corinthians and defending his apostolic authority. It encourages believers to persevere in the face of
hardships, boasting in weaknesses, and relying on God's grace.
Reflective insight: 2 Corinthians reveals the vulnerability of Paul and the importance of authentic
relationships within the Church. It reminds us of the power of God's grace in our weaknesses and calls
us to be ambassadors of reconciliation.
Galatians:
Author: The Apostle Paul wrote the letter to the Galatians.
Written: It was likely written around AD 49-50, making it one of Paul's earliest letters.
Synopsis: Galatians addresses the issue of legalism and the false teaching that salvation is achieved
through adherence to the Jewish law. Paul emphasizes salvation by grace through faith in Christ alone
and defends the freedom believers have in Christ.
Reflective insight: Galatians underscores the central message of the gospel, emphasizing the sufficiency of
Christ's work for salvation. It challenges us to guard against legalism and embrace the liberty we have
in Christ.
Ephesians:
Author: The letter to the Ephesians is attributed to the Apostle Paul.
Written: It was likely written around AD 60-61 during Paul's imprisonment in Rome.
Synopsis: Ephesians is a letter that explores the themes of unity, spiritual blessings, and the mystery of
God's plan for salvation in Christ. Paul emphasizes the believers' identity in Christ, the importance of
living out their faith, and the spiritual warfare they face.
Reflective insight: Ephesians reveals the grandeur of God's redemptive plan and the unifying power of
Christ in the Church. It calls believers to walk in love, unity, and spiritual maturity, equipping them to
stand firm against spiritual forces of evil.
Philippians:
Author: The Apostle Paul wrote the letter to the Philippians.
Written: It was likely written around AD 61-62 during Paul's imprisonment in Rome.
Synopsis: Philippians is a letter of joy and encouragement, despite Paul's imprisonment. It emphasizes the
believer's joy in Christ, humility, and the pursuit of Christlikeness. Paul expresses his gratitude to the
Philippians for their support and encourages them to stand firm in the faith.
Reflective insight: Philippians teaches us about the joy and contentment that can be found in Christ, even
in the midst of challenging circumstances. It reminds us of the importance of unity and selfless service
in the body of Christ.
Colossians:
Author: The letter to the Colossians is attributed to the Apostle Paul.
Written: It was likely written around AD 60-62 during Paul's imprisonment in Rome.
Synopsis: Colossians addresses the heresy of syncretism, which combined elements of Jewish mysticism,
Greek philosophy, and pagan practices. Paul reaffirms the supremacy of Christ and emphasizes the
believer's new identity in Him, urging them to reject false teachings and live out their faith in Christ
alone.
Reflective insight: Colossians highlights the preeminence of Christ in all things and challenges believers to
live in full devotion to Him. It encourages us to ground our faith in the truth of Christ's person and
work, guarding against false doctrines.
1 Thessalonians:
Author: The Apostle Paul wrote the first letter to the Thessalonians.
Written: It was likely written around AD 51-52, making it one of Paul's earliest letters.
Synopsis: 1 Thessalonians is a letter of encouragement and instruction to the believers in Thessalonica.
Paul addresses their concerns about the return of Christ, urges them to live holy lives, and provides
comfort regarding those who have died in Christ.
Reflective insight: 1 Thessalonians reminds us of the hope we have in the return of Christ and encourages
us to live with a sense of urgency, eagerly awaiting His coming. It teaches us about the importance of
holiness and living in a way that pleases God.
2 Thessalonians:
Author: The second letter to the Thessalonians is also attributed to the Apostle Paul.
Written: It was likely written shortly after the first letter, around AD 51-52.
Synopsis: 2 Thessalonians builds upon the themes of the first letter, addressing the concern and confusion
among the Thessalonians regarding the return of Christ. Paul provides further clarification, warns
against idleness, and encourages them to remain steadfast in their faith.
Reflective insight: 2 Thessalonians teaches us about the importance of endurance and perseverance in the
midst of trials and tribulations. It reminds us of the certainty of Christ's return and calls us to be
diligent in our work and faithful in our walk with Him.
1 Timothy:
Author: The Apostle Paul is traditionally regarded as the author of 1 Timothy.
Written: It was likely written around AD 62-66, during Paul's final imprisonment in Rome.
Synopsis: 1 Timothy is a letter from Paul to his young co-worker Timothy, providing guidance for church
leadership and addressing various issues within the church. It includes instructions on appointing and
overseeing leaders, the role of women in the church, and combating false teachings.
Reflective insight: 1 Timothy emphasizes the importance of sound doctrine, faithful leadership, and
personal godliness within the church. It calls us to maintain the integrity of the gospel message and to
live as examples of Christ-like character.
2 Timothy:
Author: The Apostle Paul is traditionally regarded as the author of 2 Timothy.
Written: It was likely written around AD 66-67, near the end of Paul's life.
Synopsis: 2 Timothy is the final letter written by Paul, addressed to Timothy, his beloved co-worker. It
serves as a personal encouragement and exhortation to Timothy, urging him to remain faithful in the
face of challenges and to continue the ministry entrusted to him.
Reflective insight: 2 Timothy carries a sense of urgency and the awareness of Paul's imminent martyrdom.
It encourages us to persevere in the faith, to be bold in proclaiming the gospel, and to remain steadfast
even in difficult times. It reminds us of the importance of passing on the truths of the gospel to future
generations.
Titus:
Author: The Apostle Paul wrote the letter to Titus.
Written: It was likely written around AD 62-66, during Paul's final imprisonment in Rome.
Synopsis: Titus is a letter from Paul to Titus, a fellow worker and leader in the early church. It provides
instructions for the organization and leadership of the church in Crete, emphasizing the qualifications
of leaders, sound doctrine, and the importance of good works.
Reflective insight: Titus highlights the practical aspects of living out the Christian faith within a community.
It teaches us the importance of maintaining order, integrity, and unity within the church, as well as the
transformative power of God's grace that leads to a life devoted to good works.
Philemon:
Author: The Apostle Paul is the author of the letter to Philemon.
Written: It was likely written around AD 60-62, during Paul's imprisonment in Rome.
Synopsis: Philemon is a personal letter from Paul to Philemon, a Christian slave owner, concerning
Onesimus, a runaway slave who had become a believer. Paul appeals to Philemon to receive Onesimus
back not only as a slave but also as a beloved brother in Christ.
Reflective insight: Philemon demonstrates the transformative power of the gospel in reconciling
relationships and transcending social barriers. It challenges us to exhibit grace, forgiveness, and love in
our interactions with others, regardless of societal norms or past grievances.
Hebrews:
Author: The author of Hebrews is unknown, and various theories have been proposed throughout history.
Written: It was likely written between AD 60-70, possibly before the destruction of the Jerusalem Temple
in AD 70.
Synopsis: Hebrews is a unique letter that presents a theological argument for the supremacy of Christ and
the new covenant over the old covenant and Jewish religious practices. It emphasizes the sufficiency of
Christ's sacrifice and encourages believers to persevere in their faith, even in the face of persecution.
Reflective insight: Hebrews deepens our understanding of Christ's priesthood, His role as the mediator of
the new covenant, and His superiority over the Old Testament sacrificial system. It emphasizes the
need for faith and endurance in the face of trials and challenges. Hebrews calls us to hold fast to our
hope in Christ and encourages us to draw near to God with confidence.
James:
Author: The letter of James is traditionally attributed to James, the half-brother of Jesus.
Written: It was likely written around AD 48-49, making it one of the earliest New Testament writings.
Synopsis: James is a practical letter that addresses the relationship between faith and works. It emphasizes
the importance of living out one's faith through good deeds, controlling the tongue, and showing
mercy to others. James also highlights the dangers of worldliness and the call to humility.
Reflective insight: James challenges us to demonstrate our faith through actions of love, justice, and
mercy. It reminds us that true faith produces a transformed life, and that our words and actions should
align with our beliefs. James encourages us to cultivate a humble and obedient spirit in our relationship
with God and others.
1 Peter:
Author: The letter of 1 Peter is attributed to the Apostle Peter.
Written: It was likely written around AD 62-64.
Synopsis: 1 Peter is a letter addressed to the early Christian communities facing persecution and suffering.
Peter encourages believers to stand firm in their faith, to live as obedient citizens, and to endure trials
with the hope of the future glory. He also emphasizes the importance of holy living and mutual love
among believers.
Reflective insight: 1 Peter provides comfort and encouragement to those facing trials and persecution. It
reminds us that our identity as believers is in Christ, and our ultimate hope rests in Him. The letter calls
us to live as witnesses in a world that may oppose our faith and to entrust ourselves to the faithful
Creator.
2 Peter:
Author: The letter of 2 Peter is attributed to the Apostle Peter.
Written: It was likely written around AD 67-68, shortly before Peter's martyrdom.
Synopsis: 2 Peter warns against false teachers and their destructive doctrines. Peter emphasizes the
certainty of Christ's return and the need for believers to grow in their knowledge of God and to live
holy lives. He encourages vigilance and steadfastness in the face of skepticism and false teachings.
Reflective insight: 2 Peter reminds us of the importance of discernment and standing firm in the truth of
God's Word. It calls us to grow in our knowledge of God and to live lives of godliness and holiness,
knowing that Christ will return to judge the world. The letter encourages us to be diligent in our faith,
avoiding the allure of false teachings.
1 John:
Author: The letter of 1 John is traditionally attributed to the Apostle John.
Written: It was likely written around AD 90-95.
Synopsis: 1 John focuses on the themes of love, fellowship with God, and the assurance of salvation. John
emphasizes the importance of love for one another as evidence of our relationship with God. He
addresses issues such as false teachings, sin, and the assurance of eternal life.
Reflective insight: 1 John teaches us about the inseparable connection between love for God and love for
others. It challenges us to examine our lives and ensure that our actions align with our faith. The letter
also offers assurance and confidence in our salvation, reminding us that we can know that we belong
to Christ.
2 John:
Author: The letter of 2 John is traditionally attributed to the Apostle John.
Written: It was likely written around AD 90-95.
Synopsis: 2 John is a brief letter addressing the importance of truth, love, and hospitality within the
Christian community. John warns against false teachers and encourages believers to abide in the truth
of Christ, to walk in love, and to be discerning in extending hospitality.
Reflective insight: 2 John reminds us of the significance of truth and love in our lives as followers of Christ.
It encourages us to discern and reject false teachings while remaining steadfast in the truth of the
gospel. The letter also emphasizes the importance of hospitality as an expression of love and support
for fellow believers.
3 John:
Author: The letter of 3 John is traditionally attributed to the Apostle John.
Written: It was likely written around AD 90-95.
Synopsis: 3 John is a personal letter from John to a man named Gaius, commending him for his hospitality
and urging him to continue supporting those who spread the truth. John also criticizes a man named
Diotrephes for his ungodly behavior and praises Demetrius for his good testimony.
Reflective insight: 3 John emphasizes the importance of hospitality and support for those who are engaged
in the work of spreading the gospel. It highlights the contrast between a godly and humble character,
exemplified by Gaius and Demetrius, and the negative influence of pride and selfishness, seen in
Diotrephes. The letter encourages us to exhibit generosity, kindness, and support for fellow believers in
their ministry.
Jude:
Author: The letter of Jude is traditionally attributed to Jude, the brother of James and half-brother of Jesus.
Written: It was likely written around AD 65-80.
Synopsis: Jude is a warning against false teachers and their destructive influence within the Christian
community. Jude urges believers to contend for the faith and to remember the judgments that have
fallen on those who have departed from the truth. He encourages them to build themselves up in their
faith, to show mercy to others, and to remain steadfast in God's love.
Reflective insight: Jude serves as a reminder of the need to guard the truth and to be vigilant against false
teachings. It calls us to stand firm in our faith, to remain rooted in God's love, and to extend mercy to
those who are in need. The letter highlights the importance of maintaining a steadfast and courageous
stance in the face of spiritual challenges.
Revelation:
Author: The book of Revelation is attributed to the Apostle John.
Written: It was likely written around AD 90-95, during John's exile on the island of Patmos.
Synopsis: Revelation is an apocalyptic book that reveals visions and prophecies concerning the end times
and the ultimate victory of Christ over evil. It addresses seven churches in Asia Minor and provides a
message of hope, encouragement, and warning to the early Christian communities.
Reflective insight: Revelation serves as a reminder of the sovereignty of God and the ultimate triumph of
Christ. It encourages believers to persevere in their faith, even in the midst of persecution and
tribulation. The book inspires hope and points to the eternal victory and glory that awaits those who
are faithful to Christ.
In scale 1-10 wherein 10 is the highest, how will you rate your personal/intimate relationship with Jesus
Christ?
I give a personal rating of 6/10 in terms of my intimate relationship with Jesus Christ, because it shows that I
have some level of connection and engagement with Him, but there is room for further growth and deepening
of that relationship. It encourages that I have already established a foundation and are seeking to know Christ
more.
To continue nurturing my relationship with Jesus, I may consider spending regular time in prayer, studying
the Scriptures, participating in worship and fellowship with other believers, and seeking opportunities
to serve and live out my faith in practical ways. Through these practices and seeking a deeper
understanding of His teachings and example, I can strive to draw closer to Jesus and allow His presence
to impact my life more fully.
I always remember that relationship with Jesus is a journey, and it is normal to experience ups and downs
along the way. The important thing is to keep seeking and pursuing Him, allowing His grace and love to
transform my heart and guide my actions. May my relationship with Jesus continue to grow and
strengthen as I seek Him with a sincere and open heart.