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Fluid Report

The document discusses two common types of pressure gauges: Bourdon tube gauges and diaphragm gauges. It provides details on their working principles, applications, advantages, and disadvantages. Bourdon tube gauges use a coiled tube that expands when pressurized, while diaphragm gauges use a flexible disc that bends under pressure. Both are widely used in industries like chemical plants, oil/gas, and manufacturing for measuring pressures. Bourdon tubes excel at high pressures but respond slowly, while diaphragms are useful for low pressures and corrosive environments.

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35 views6 pages

Fluid Report

The document discusses two common types of pressure gauges: Bourdon tube gauges and diaphragm gauges. It provides details on their working principles, applications, advantages, and disadvantages. Bourdon tube gauges use a coiled tube that expands when pressurized, while diaphragm gauges use a flexible disc that bends under pressure. Both are widely used in industries like chemical plants, oil/gas, and manufacturing for measuring pressures. Bourdon tubes excel at high pressures but respond slowly, while diaphragms are useful for low pressures and corrosive environments.

Uploaded by

Aaron taylor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF

ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY

FLUID MECHANICS (CV-207)

Report Submitted By: Ch.M.Hazim Ullah


Roll No: 2020-CV-077
Section: B

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 Abstract:
Pressure Gauges are pressure measuring instruments. Pressure and Temperature
are two very important parameters for all chemical industries. So, pressure
measurement is of utmost importance. There are various pressure measuring
instruments available to perform this task. Pressure measurement basically means
the analysis of the fluid forces that are imparted on a surface. Accuracy of pressure
measuring instruments are very important for proper operational control. In this
report, the working principle, diagram, applications, advantages and disadvantages
of various pressure measuring devices or pressure gauges are explained.

 Introduction:
Pressure measurement is the analysis of an applied force by a fluid (liquid or gas)
on a surface. Pressure is typically measured in units of force per unit of surface
area. Regularly measuring the pressure levels of gas, steam, and liquids is critical
for safety and quality control in commercial and industrial applications. Some of
the industries where pressure measurement is used include chemical plants and oil,
gas, petroleum or other petrochemical applications, Water and Wastewater, Food
and Beverage, Concrete, heating and cooling, lumber and paper products and more.
By pressure measuring instrument, we mean an instrument for the measurement of
pressure in gases and liquids. Many techniques have been developed for the
measurement of pressure and many instruments have been invented to measure
pressure, with different advantages and disadvantages such as Pressure range,
sensitivity, dynamic response and cost all vary by several orders of magnitude
from one instrument design to the next. Pressure measuring instruments can be
divided into two types which are Mechanical Gauges and Tube gauges.
Mechanical gauges can further be classed as Bourdon tube pressure gauge,
Deadweight gauge, Bellow gauge and Diaphragm gauge. Similarly, Tube gauges
can be classified as Piezometer and Manometer.

 Bourdon Tube Pressure Gauge:


Bourdon tube pressure gauge is a device used for sensing & measuring pressure
which is invented by Eugene bourdon in 1849. In this device, bourdon tube is a
sensing element for pressure due to its elastic nature. It can be used for the

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measurement of very high pressure. It is a commonly used pressure gauge in many
industrial applications.
Working:

Bourdon tube pressure gauge is used for measuring high as well as low pressures. In
this case, the pressure element consists of a metal tube
of approximately elliptical cross-section. This tube is bent in the form of a segment
of a circle and responds to pressure changes. When one end of the tube which is
attached to the gauge case, is connected to the source of pressure, the internal
pressure causes the tube to expand, whereby circumferential stress i.e., hoop tension
is set up. The free end of the tube moves and is in turn connected by suitable levers
to a rack, which engages with a small pinion mounted on the same spindle as the
pointer. Thus, the pressure applied to the tube causes the rack and pinion to move.
The pressure is indicated by the pointer over a dial which can be graduated in a
suitable scale.
The Bourdon tubes are generally made of bronze or nickel steel.

Applications of Bourdon pressure gauge:


o They are used to measure medium to very high pressures.
o For measuring high pressures e.g. in steam boilers, compressors.
o For measuring pressures in vehicles tube tire.

Advantages of bourdon pressure gauge:


o These Bourdon tube pressure gauges give accurate results.
o Bourdon tube cost low.
o Bourdon tubes are simple in construction.
o They can be modified to give electrical outputs.
o They are safe even for high-pressure measurement.
o Accuracy is high especially at high pressures.

Disadvantages of bourdon pressure gauge:


o They respond slowly to changes in pressure.
o They are subjected to hysteresis.
o They are sensitive to shocks and vibrations.

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o Amplification is a must as the displacement of the free end of the bourdon tube
is low.

Diagram of Bourdon tube pressure gauge:

 Diaphragm Pressure Gauge:

Pressure gauge with diaphragm is pressure gauge which uses diaphragm to


measure pressure. The meaning of diaphragm is a material which easy to bend or
so-called membrane.

Working:

Diaphragm pressure gauges have a simple working mechanism. This type of gauge
employs a metallic disc or diaphragm instead of a bent tube. When pressure is
applied on the lower side of the diaphragm it is deflected upward. This movement
of the diaphragm is transmitted to a rack and pinion. The latter is attached to the

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spindle of needle moving on a graduated dial. The dial can again be graduated in a
suitable scale.

Applications of Diaphragm pressure gauge:


The diaphragm pressure gauge is suitable to use with corrosive or contaminated
liquid or gaseous media. This pressure gauge is utilized for low-pressure
measurement and is used in applications such as measuring atmospheric pressure
or monitoring pressure in a gas canister.

Advantages of Diaphragm Pressure Gauge:


o Very sensitive due to changes in pressure
o Can be used to measure the height of liquid surface
o Can be used for different pressure
o Can be used at transmitter
o Can be used to measure flow
o Excellent load performance
o Linearity
o Suitable for measuring absolute and differential pressure
o Small in size
o Can be used to measure viscous and slurry materials

Disadvantages of Diaphragm Pressure Gauge:


o Seismic, impact resistance is not good.
o Difficulty in maintenance.
o Lower measurement pressure.

Diagram of Diaphragm Pressure Gauge:

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