MUN 101

R e s e a r c h r R e s e a
h e s e a r c h
R e s e a r c h r e s e a
h RESEARCHINGe s e a r c h R
FOR MUN?
 SOME KEY TERMS
Delegate, which refers to a councils' participants
Chair, which refers to 'judges', or moderators
Study guide, which is a 'Topic 101' of the council.
Rules of Procedure, which are rules that a council must obey.
Questions a Resolution Must Answer (QARMAs), which are a council's
leading/research questions - aim to address these later.
Bloc, which are your allies and/or people you work with.
Gossip box - pretty self explanatory :> (also functions as a joint ranting
forum)
 "WHAT IS MUN?"
Model United Nations (MUN) is the simulation of mostly UN committee
proceedings/regional organizations/other meetings where the participants
assume the role of diplomat (delegate of a country), person (head of state,
minister, etc), or entity (NGO, press body, etc), hence representing the interest
of the body/person you are assigned to.

By joining MUNs, you should expect awards, academic experience, networking,

increase of diplomatic skills, etc.
Things to consider when researching about your
country include:
Basic country information (e.g. ideology,
economic capacity, etc.) + stances
Country priorities (prioritized things to address)
Possible legal basis (things your country has
signed/ratified)
Your bloc positioning - friends and foes
Solutions/approaches that your country is
willing to endorse
RESEARCHING BASICS
Other than your allocation information and the given QARMAs, some
questions that you might want to research into include:
Why is it urgent to talk about this topic again? What worsens the
issue of contention?
What are the loopholes in previous actions? Why are previous action
plans/international instruments deemed insufficient? (e.g. ambiguous
definitions, absence of parameters, etc.).
Are there differing interests between states that may hinder the issue
in hand to be solved?
What actions are within the mandate of your council?
COuNCiL TYPES
Not all UN agencies are simulated in MUNs. Mostly, they include:
General Assembly (SOCHUM, DISEC, ECOFIN, Crisis Committees (futuristic,
LEGAL, SPECPOL) historical, fantasy)
Subsidiary organs of GA (UNDP, UNEP, UNICEF, United Nations Security Council
UNHRC, UNHCR) Legal (international court of
Specialized agencies in the ECOSOC (FAO, ILO, justice, international criminal
UNESCO, WHO, UNWTO) court, etc.)
Regional organizations, alliance, or economic Press (IPI, UNCA, or regular Press
groupings (ASEAN, EU, African Union, Pacific Corps)
Island Forum, NATO, G20)
 R U L E S O F p R U L E
e rocedure
R U L E S O F p R U L
r eRULES OF r ocedur e
PROCEDURE
 Open the General
COUNCIL FLOW
Roll Call
debate Speakers' List

DR voting
Formal Debate Working Draft
(Close the
(MC, UMC, CoTW) Paper Resolution
debate)
ROLL CALL
The chair will call upon your country/entity’s
name and you should respond with:
present: you can be abstain in the
substantive voting (DR voting), not voting
for motions (procedural voting)
present & voting: you cannot abstain in the
substantive voting
the roll call will determine the numbers of
delegate present and the threshold of votes
needed to pass a motion or to pass a DR.
Delegates usually are given 1.5 minutes
(subject to change) to speak generally: to
express, project their stance, to make a first
impression, or to project their expectations of
what needs to be discussed.
When there is remaining time (usually more
than 20 seconds), you must yield your time:
back to the chair
to questions
to other delegates
Moderated Caucus
Moderated Caucuses (MCs) are done to have a more specific discussion on the sub-
topics of the issue. They’re also the motions that’re most likely to happen post-GSL.

You can discuss about the root causes, past actions, core issues/points of contention,
funding mechanism, monitoring mechanism
(beware of the precedence, you cannot discuss about funding mechanism before
discussing the core issues and the solutions)

When a motion passes, you have to speak relevant to the sub-topic proposed. Try to
always speak (or at least raise placards) in moderated caucus.
UNModerated Caucus
Unmod is when the chair is not moderating the debate, so
delegates can go around, moderate themselves to have a more
dynamic discussion.

You can start making a bloc, work on documents, or discuss

things that have not been discussed yet in previous moderated
caucus (agenda-setting).

You may use electronic devices and talk to other delegates

freely - as long as you're still speaking in English and don't
break out of character :D
CONSULTATION OF THE WHOLE (Cotw)
A CoTW is basically a moderated caucus that has no
theme, and is moderated by delegates instead of
chairs. There is no fixed time as to how long a
delegate can speak within a CoTW (feel free to use up
all the time lol), as long as the CoTW time hasn't
elapsed.

The one proposing the motion is the first to speak,

They are free to choose who will be speaking next
(you can raise your placard to be recognized by
them). The next appointed speaker will also appoint
who is going to speak next, and so forth.
MOTION FOR MC MOTION FOR UMC MOTION FOR Cotw
"The delegate of "The delegate of "The delegate of
(country/role) would like (country/role) would like to (country/role) would like to
to propose an MC for propose an UMC for (total propose a COTW for (total
(total speaking time) for time)." time)."
(individual speaking
time) about (topic
proposal)."
Motions require a majority vote (50%+1) to pass. Should no motions pass, you
will return back to the GSL.
 Motion to open the debate, at the very beginning
to open the formal debate
Motion to close the debate, close the debate (no
more mods, unmods), move to voting session for DR
Motion to suspend the meeting, at the end of
every committee session
Motion to adjourn the meeting, at the end of the
very last committee session
Introduction to DR 1.x, to present a DR
Motion to reorder DR votings, changes the order
of DR voting
TYPES OF POINTS
Points of Parliamentary Inquiry, which are points to
ask about the Rules of Procedure
Points of Personal Privilege, which are points to
address and correct a delegate's discomfort
Points of Order, which are points raised to fix incorrect parliamentary
procedures
Right of Reply, the right to address wrongful accusations that were made
to a delegate
TYPES OF VOTING
PROCEDURAL VOTING
Any vote concerning committee’s SUBSTANTIVE VOTING
flow or in short “to pass a motion,” Vote for final outcome of the
needs simple majority (50% + 1). committee (draft resolution), needs
Precedence of voting will be based ⅔ of total delegates (super majority)
on the order of disruptiveness. If people abstain then the amount
of super majority necessary will also
decrease
Motions are voted upon the following order (from most
to least disruptive):
Points
Suspension/adjournment
Extension of motions
Unmoderated caucus
Consultation of the Whole
Moderated caucus
By time (should times differ)
By number of speakers accomodated
By who proposed first
 WORKING PAPER
A draft to your draft resolutions; in a sense, it's an
outline for your future draft resolutions. Could
be formatted as a draft resolution, but has no rigid
format. It could be formatted as an infographic, or
a powerpoint, so forth.

Could be proposed by a bloc, but could also be

done alone.
Contains opinions, stances, principles, and
general frameworks of solutions

Why are working papers important?

Solution patenting
Explaining concepts/ideas that may be
more 'foreign'
Bloc formation (ish)
Assertion of dominance

Working papers do not have any proper

format. However, some chairs may not
accept working papers that are written in
the style of draft resolutions.
 DRAFT RESOLUTION
The final outcome of the meeting, done in blocs
There are two types of ‘actors’ (???)
sponsors; those who are main actors in the DR-making and will present the DR later
signatories; those who are lesser-involved lmao (lesser, in comparison to sponsors)
Follows a format of:
Heading
Preambulatory clause: foundation of the solutions; addresses problem identification
and previous resolutions.
Operative clauses: the substance of the DR/proposed recommendations/solutions
DR PRESENTATION
Basically it's time for you to advertise your bloc's draft resolution
Delegates are given x amount of time to read (depending on DR length) and sponsors are to
present their DR before proceeding to a QnA session.
QnA session - clarificatory questions only (unless stated otherwise, under chair's
discretion)

What does an ideal presentation look like?

BRAND IT WELL but don’t get too much into the specifics
Briefly run through the preambulatory cause, so you can justify why your solutions
matter
KNOW YOUR SOLUTIONS WELL so you can defend your DR well and question the other
DR
AMENDMENTS
Clauses within a DR could be discussed
over if other countries agree. Later on,
there may be propositions for
amendments, and they could be
implemented if it is passed. There are two
forms of amendments:
friendly amendment; don't need to be
voted on to pass
unfriendly amendment; has to be
voted on (two-thirds majority)
WE yield our time
to questions!