Oenology - Lesson 1

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PHILTECH INSTITUTE OF ARTS AND TECHNOLOGY INC.

SUBJECT: OENOLOGY

LESSON 1: introduction to oenology


Learning Objectives: At the end of the unit, the students should be able to:
 Differentiate oenology and enology.
 Discuss the meaning of oenology and enology.

OENOLOGY is the science and study of wine and winemaking. The English word oenology derives from the
word oinos ―wine (οἶνος) and the suffix –logia ―study of (-
λογία) from the Ancient Greek language. It is distinct from
viticulture which involves the agricultural endeavours of vine
growing and of grape-harvesting. An expert in the field of
oenology is known as an oenologist.

Wine is basically an alcoholic beverage made from fermented grapes. These


grapes are generally Vitis vinifera, or a hybrid with Vitis labrusca or Vitis
rupestris. Grapes are fermented without the addition of sugars, acids,
enzymes, water, or other nutrients. Yeast consumes the sugar in the grapes
and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide. Different varieties of grapes
and strains of yeasts produce different styles of wine. These variations
result from the complex interactions between the biochemical development
of the grape, the reactions involved in fermentation, the terroir, and the
production process. Many countries enact legal appellations intended to
define styles and qualities of wine. These typically restrict the geographical
origin and permitted varieties of grapes, as well as other aspects of wine
production. There are also wines made from fermenting other fruits or
cereals, whose names often specify their base. Wines made from plants
other than grapes include rice wine and various fruit wines such as those
made from plums or cherries. Some well-known examples are hard cider
from apples, pomegranate wine, and elderberry wine. The

Philosophy of Wine Making


Many wine connoisseurs think of it as an art, wine researchers tend to think of it as a science. It can fall under
both categories, it is a craft. The art is in finding out what tastes "good" by doing tasting trials, blends etc. and
the science comes from determining the methods required to produce what tastes "good", what techniques
should be used to get the desired results.

The Characteristic of Good Wine


 The Ability to Please Both the Palate and the Intellect - Great
wines offer satisfaction on a hedonistic level, and also challenge and satiate
the intellect. The world offers many delicious wines that appeal to the senses,
but lack profundity. The ability to satisfy the intellect is subjective, but experts
often prefer wines with multiple dimensions, both aromatic and flavor.

 The Ability to Hold the Taster's Interest - Profound wines could


never be called monochromatic or simple. They hold interest, not only
providing an initial tantalizing tease, but possessing a magnetic attraction due
to their aromatic intensity and nuance- filled layers of flavors.
 The Ability to Offer
been easy to produce wines that are oversized, bold, big, rich, but heavy.
It has been said that Europe's finest wines have intense flavors without
heaviness.

 The ability to provide intensity without heaviness - In some parts


of the New World it has been easy to produce wines that are oversized,
bold, big, rich, but heavy. It has been said that Europe's finest wines have
intense flavors without heaviness. The ability to provide intensity without
heaviness is a possible strength.

 The Ability to Taste Better with Each Sip - Most of the finest
wines are better with the last sip than the first, revealing more nuances
and more complex aromas and flavors as the wine unfolds.

 The Ability to Improve with Age - In the past, longevity was certainly not a feature of importance to most
winemakers. However, discusses at the 2011 Wineries Unlimited
meeting, for better or worse, many consider this is an indisputable
characteristic of great wines.

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