i

INCORPORATION OF R-513A AND R-514A REFRIGERANTS TO THE

COMPUTER-AIDED REFRIGERATION CYCLE ANALYSIS SIMULATION
SOFTWARE

APAAP, CHRISTOPHER
ARIQUEZ, JONEL JAY
BELMES, DIXTER VENCH
CATURAY, JHASTINE MAE
CHAN, KEN LEO

UNDERGRADUATE THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING, CENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY, IN PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

MAY 2023
 ii

Republic of the Philippines

CENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY
Musuan, Maramag, Bukidnon

College of Engineering
Department of Mechanical Engineering

APPROVAL SHEET

The undergraduate thesis attached hereto entitled, “INCORPORATION OF R-

513A AND R-514A REFRIGERANTS TO THE COMPUTER-AIDED
REFRIGERATION CYCLE ANALYSIS SIMULATION SOFTWARE”, (Research No.
21431), prepared and submitted by CHRISTOPHER APAAP, JONEL JAY ARIQUEZ,
DIXTER VENCH BELMES, JHASTINE MAE CATURAY, AND KEN LEO CHAN, in
partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Bachelor of Science in Mechanical
Engineering, is hereby endorsed.

RONALDO C. BALANDRA, MSME _______________

Chair, Thesis Advisory Committee Date

CONSTANCIO M. VERULA JR., Ph.D. _______________

Member, Thesis Advisory Committee Date

DIOMEDES T. GABULE JR., MSME _______________

Member, Thesis Advisory Committee Date

Recommending Approval

GLIZELDA UY-DELEONIO, MSME _______________

Department Chair Date

EINSTINE M. OPISO, Ph.D. _______________

Research Coordinator Date

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree in Bachelor of

Science in Mechanical Engineering

Approved:

CHERYL F. DALEON, Ph.D. _______________

College Dean Date

Noted:

JUPITER V. CASAS, Ph.D. _______________

Director for Research Date
 iii

AUTHOR’S BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH

The author, Christopher P. Apaap was born on December 17, 2000 at

Maramag, Bukidnon. He was the fifth child of out of the seven children of
Charleston A. Apaap and Gemma P. Apaap.

He took his primary education at Magsaysay Elementary School.

He took his Junior High School at Pangantucan National High School and he
finished his secondary education at Central Mindanao University. He
participated in CMU-Palaro Brazilian Checkers and won Gold. In 2019, he
enrolled in Central Mindanao University under the Bachelor of Science in
Mechanical Engineering.

During his years in college, he became a member of the Mechanical

Engineering Student Association, Junior Philippine Society of Mechanical
Engineers, and Unified Junior Philippine Society of Mechanical Engineers-
Norther Mindanao. He had his On-the-Job training at King Energy Generation
Incorporated where he spent 600 hours of onsite training as well as seminars.
 iv

AUTHOR’S BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH

The author, Jonel Jay P. Ariquez was born on May 3, 2000 at Iligan City,
Lanao del Norte. He was the first child of out of the three children of Jose Nelson
M. Ariquez and Ruthcelle P. Ariquez.

He took his primary education at Acmac Iligan City Sacred Heart

Elementary School. He took his Junior High School at Acmac Iligan City Sacred
Heart High School and he finished his secondary education at Central
Mindanao University. In 2019, he enrolled in Central Mindanao University under
the Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering.

During his years in college, he became a member of the Mechanical

Engineering Student Association, Junior Philippine Society of Mechanical
Engineers, and Unified Junior Philippine Society of Mechanical Engineers-
Norther Mindanao.
 v

AUTHOR’S BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH

The author, Dixter Vench S. Belmes was born on February 13, 2000 at
Concepcion, Valencia City, Bukidnon. He was the second child of the six
children of Romeo T. Belmes and Jocelyn S. Belmes.

He took his primary education at Laligan Central Elementary

School. He took his Junior High School at Saint Joseph High School and he
finished his secondary education at Central Mindanao University. In 2019, he
enrolled in Central Mindanao University under the Bachelor of Science in
Mechanical Engineering.

During his years in college, he became a member of the Mechanical

Engineering Student Association, Junior Philippine Society of Mechanical
Engineers, and Unified Junior Philippine Society of Mechanical Engineers-
Norther Mindanao. He also participated in the Mindanao Association of State
Tertiary Schools in 2022 at Mati City, Davao Oriental and won Bronze in the
team event. He had his On-the-Job training at King Energy Generation
Incorporated where he spent 600 hours of onsite training as well as seminars.
 vi

AUTHOR’S BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH

The author, Jhastine Mae P. Caturay was born on December 19, 2001
at Kalilangan, Bukidnon. She was the fourth child of the four children of Ronald
G. Caturay and Emily P. Caturay.

She took his primary education at Macaopao Elementary School.

She took his Junior High School at Kalilangan National High School and she
finished her secondary education at Central Mindanao University with High
Honor. In 2019, she enrolled in Central Mindanao University under the Bachelor
of Science in Mechanical Engineering.

During her years in college, she became a member of the Mechanical

Engineering Student Association, Junior Philippine Society of Mechanical
Engineers, and Unified Junior Philippine Society of Mechanical Engineers-
Norther Mindanao. She was a table tennis athlete in her college and
participated in the Mindanao Association of State Tertiary Schools (MASTS) in
2019 at Camiguin Island where she won Gold in team event and Bronze in
single category. She also participated in MASTS 2022 at Mati City, Davao
Oriental. She had his On-the-Job training at MT Global Engineering Services
where she spent 600 hours of onsite training.
 vii

AUTHOR’S BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH

The author, Ken Leo R. Chan was born on May 17, 2001 at San Juan 2,
Lapasan, Cagayan de Oro City. He was the first child of the three children of
Leonilo P. Chan and Yolanda R. Chan.

He took his primary education at Mambatangan Elementary

School. He took his Junior High School at Misamis Oriental General
Comprehensive High School and he finished his secondary education at Liceo
de Cagayan University. In 2019, he enrolled in Central Mindanao University
under the Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering.

During his years in college, he became a member of the Mechanical

Engineering Student Association, Junior Philippine Society of Mechanical
Engineers, and Unified Junior Philippine Society of Mechanical Engineers-
Norther Mindanao. He had his On-the-Job training at MT Global Engineering
Services where he spent 600 hours of onsite training.
 viii

ABSTRACT

“STANDARD VAPOR COMPRESSION CYCLE ANALYSIS

SIMULATION SOFTWARE” by Christopher Apaap, Jonel Jay Ariquez, Dixter
Vench Belmes, Jhastine Mae Caturay, and Ken Leo Chan, Bachelor of Science
in Mechanical Engineering, Central Mindanao University, Musuan, Maramag,
Bukidnon, May 2023.

Thesis Adviser: Engr. Ronaldo C. Balandra

Refrigeration is a vital method used in personal, commercial, and

industry application. An existing software was developed to aid in the
computation of refrigeration properties. Standard Vapor Compression Cycle
Simulation Software (SVACCSS) is a research study developed to create a
computer software about Standard Vapor Compression Cycle. In this study, the
equations for determining the enthalpy, entropy, and specific volume at each
state were developed using numerical analysis, specifically Newtonian
Polynomial Interpolation. Data gathering will be conducted through the use of
the Properties Calculator feature of SVACCSS. They were measured over a
pressure range of 40 to 1200 kPa, with a 20 kPa increment. The same
properties were determined at various temperatures ranging from -45 to 45 °C
for R1234yf and -15 to 35 °C for R513a and R514a, with a 1 °C increment. The
errors of this study were gathered base on the result of SVACCSS property
calculator relative to the software CRE 1.0.

The results of the study showed that the R-1234yf has acquired a
maximum error of 0.014%. The parameters of R-513a has obtained a maximum
error of 0.0002% and R-514a with 0.000019%. All relative error of the
refrigerants has an error of lesser than 0.1%, thus, the software is operational
and meet its objective to aid the Mechanical Engineering field in problem
solving of Standard Vapor Compression Cycle.
 ix

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

TITLE PAGE i

APPROVAL SHEET ii

AUTHOR’S BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH iii

ABSTRACT viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS iv

LIST OF TABLES v

LIST OF FIGURES ix

LIST OF APPENDICES xi

NOMENCLATURE xii

I. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. Background of the study 1
1.2. Statement of the Problem 2
1.3. Significance of the Study 3
1.4. Objectives of the Study 3
1.5. Scope and Limitations 4

II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 5

2.1. CATCA 5
2.2. Cooling System Design Simulator 5
2.3. Chemours Refrigerant Expert (CRE) 6
2.4. COOLSTAR Refrigeration Software 6
2.5. CoolPack 6
2.6. REFPROP 6
2.7. CYCLE_D 7
2.8. VapCyc 7
2.9. Compressor 8
2.10. Evaporator 8
2.11. Condenser 9
2.12. Expansion Valve 9
2.13. Refrigerant R513a 9
2.13. Refrigerant R514a 10
2.14. Standard Vapor Compression Cycle 11
2.15. Enthalpy 12
 x

2.16. Entropy 13
2.17. Interpolation 13
2.18. Refrigerating Effect 13
2.19. Refrigerating Efficiency 13
III. METHODOLOGY 14
3.1. Research Design 14
3.1.1. Procedural Framework 15
3.2. Adding R513a and R514a Refrigerant 16
3.3. Integrating English Unit Feature 18
3.4. Software Development 20
3.4.1. Program Flow 20
3.4.2 Software Interface 22
3.4.3 Numerical Analysis Method 28
3.4.4 Solution and Equations 30
3.5. Data Gathering 32
3.6. Error Checking 32

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 33

4.1. Performance Analysis of the SVACCSS Software 33
4.2. Error Analysis of the SVACCSS Software 35

V. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION 90

REFERENCES 92

APPENDICES 93
 xi

List of Tables

Table Page

4.1 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of pressure of

Refrigerant-1234yf obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with temperature as input. 37

4.2 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of enthalpy of

Refrigerant-1234yf obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with temperature as input. 39

4.3 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of entropy of

Refrigerant-1234yf obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with temperature as input. 42

4.4 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of specific volume
of Refrigerant-1234yf obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with temperature as input. 44

4.5 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of

pressure, and enthalpy of Refrigerant-1234yf with temperature as
input 47
4.6 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
entropy of Refrigerant-1234yf with temperature as input 47
4.7 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
specific volume of Refrigerant-1234yf with temperature as input 47
4.8 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of pressure of
Refrigerant-1234yf obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with pressure as input. 48
4.9 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of enthalpy of
Refrigerant-1234yf obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with pressure as input. 50
4.10 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of entropy of
Refrigerant-1234yf obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with pressure as input. 52
4.11 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of specific volume
of Refrigerant-1234yf obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with pressure as input. 54
4.12 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
pressure, and enthalpy of Refrigerant-1234yf with pressure as
input 56
 xii

4.13 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of

entropy of Refrigerant-1234yf with pressure as input 56
4.14 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
specific volume of Refrigerant-1234yf with pressure as input 56
4.15 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of pressure of
Refrigerant-513a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with temperature as input. 57
4.16 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of enthalpy of
Refrigerant-513a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with temperature as input. 58
4.17 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of entropy of
Refrigerant-513a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with temperature as input. 60
4.18 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of specific volume
of Refrigerant-513a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with temperature as input. 61
4.19 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
pressure, and enthalpy of Refrigerant-513a with temperature as
input 63
4.20 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
entropy of Refrigerant-513a with temperature as input 63
4.21 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
specific volume of Refrigerant-513a with temperature as input 63
4.22 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of pressure of
Refrigerant-513a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with pressure as input. 64
4.23 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of enthalpy of
Refrigerant-513a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with pressure as input. 65
4.24 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of entropy of
Refrigerant-513a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with pressure as input. 67
4.25 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of specific volume
of Refrigerant-513a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with pressure as input. 69
4.26 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
pressure, and enthalpy of Refrigerant-513a with pressure as input 71
 xiii

4.27 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of

entropy of Refrigerant-513a with pressure as input 71
4.28 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
specific volume of Refrigerant-513a with pressure as input 71
4.29 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of pressure of
Refrigerant-514a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with temperature as input. 72
4.30 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of enthalpy of
Refrigerant-514a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with temperature as input. 73
4.31 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of entropy of
Refrigerant-514a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with temperature as input. 75
4.32 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of specific volume
of Refrigerant-514a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with temperature as input. 76
4.33 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
pressure, and enthalpy of Refrigerant-514a with temperature as
input 78
4.34 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
entropy of Refrigerant-514a with temperature as input 78
4.35 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
specific volume of Refrigerant-514a with temperature as input 78
4.36 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of pressure of
Refrigerant-514a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with pressure as input. 79
4.37 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of enthalpy of
Refrigerant-514a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with pressure as input. 81
4.38 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of entropy of
Refrigerant-514a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with pressure as input. 83
4.39 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of specific volume
of Refrigerant-514a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0
software with pressure as input. 85
4.40 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
pressure, and enthalpy of Refrigerant-514a with pressure as input 87
 xiv

4.41 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of

entropy of Refrigerant-514a with pressure as input 87
4.42 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
specific volume of Refrigerant-514a with pressure as input 87
 xv

List of figures

Figure Page

3.1 Procedural Framework 15

3.2 Chemours Refrigerant Expert 1.0 Refrigerant

saturation properties of refrigerant R-513a with
temperature as parameter. 17

3.3 Chemours Refrigerant Expert 1.0 Refrigerant

superheated properties of refrigerant R-514a. 17

3.4 Chemours Refrigerant Expert 1.0 Refrigerant

saturation properties of refrigerant R-513a in
English Units with temperature as parameter. 18

3.5 Chemours Refrigerant Expert 1.0 Refrigerant

saturation properties of refrigerant R-514a in
English Units with temperature as parameter. 19

3.6 Solution Flowchart 20

3.7 Refrigerant Selection Window 23

3.8 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software Schematic Diagram 23

3.9 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software P-H Diagram 24

3.10 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software T-S Diagram 24

3.11 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software Program Information Window 25

3.12 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software Condenser Parameters Input Window 25

3.13 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software Compressor Parameters Input Window 26
 xvi

3.14 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software Evaporator Parameters Input Window 26

3.15 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software Refrigerant’s Information Window 27

3.16 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software Property Calculator Window 27

4.1 Performance Analysis of the SVACCSS for

Refrigerant-1234yf 33

4.2 Performance Analysis of the SVACCSS for

Refrigerant-513a 33

4.3 Performance Analysis of the SVACCSS for

Refrigerant-514a 34

4.4 Property Calculator of the SVACSS for

Refrigerant-1234yf 35

4.5 Property Calculator of the SVACSS for

Refrigerant-513a 35

4.6 Property Calculator of the SVACSS for

Refrigerant-514a 36
 xvii

List of Appendices

APPENDIX Page

A Appendix figure 1. Standard Vapor Compression Cycle

Simulation Software Refrigerant Section Window 93

B Appendix figure 2. Standard Vapor Compression Cycle

Simulation Software User Interface 93

C Appendix figure 3. Standard Vapor Compression Cycle

Simulation Software Information Window 94

D Appendix figure 4. Standard Vapor Compression Cycle

Simulation Software Refrigerant Information Window 94
 xviii

Nomenclature

COP Coefficient of Performance

𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑡 Coefficient of Performance of Carnot

Cycle

SEI System Efficiency Index

𝑡 Temperature, ℃, 𝐾, ℉, 𝑅

𝑃 Pressure, kPa, MPa, psi, ksi

𝑚̇ Mass flow rate, kg/sec, lb/sec

ℎ Enthalpy, kJ/kg, btu/lb

𝑠 Entropy, kJ/kg∙K, btu/lb∙R

𝜐 Specific volume, m3/kg, ft3/lb

𝑊 Work, kW, hp

𝜂 Efficiency

𝑄𝑖𝑛 Heat added, kW, btu/s, hp

𝑄𝑜𝑢𝑡 Heat released, kW, btu/s, hp

𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 Compressor work, kW, btu/s, hp

𝜂𝑟𝑒𝑓 Refrigerating efficiency

𝑇𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑝 Evaporator temperature, ℃, ℉

𝑇𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 Condenser temperature, ℃, ℉

 1

I. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Computer software is a collection of computer programs and related data

that delivers the instructions on telling a computer what to do and how to
accomplish the task. In this era, computer has become vital to people’s lives,
almost all engineers and engineering students has one. It aids them in
performing their work effectively and accurately as possible. Using computer
software in solving an engineering related problem will reduce time and effort
than doing the calculations manually.

There are many applications for refrigeration systems and the use of
these systems is widely used in personal, commercial, and industrial
applications. In industry, maintaining the required temperature for the transport
and storage of food uses varied forms of refrigeration. The cooling load on a
system for a refrigerated train car will be different than for a refrigerated truck
or for refrigerated storage. Refrigeration is an essential discipline in mechanical
engineering, and it has an important role to play in the cold chain and food
industry. There are various types of refrigeration available and one of them is
the Standard Vapor Compression Cycle (SVCC) which, like all other
refrigeration, relies on refrigerants as a cooling agent. As modern technology
pushes further in its role in academic learning, developing software for SVCC
will be able to aid students as well as instructors in the field of Mechanical
Engineering.

The tool that will be improved in this paper is the Computer-aided

refrigeration cycle analysis simulation software (CARCASS) which was
originally introduced by Bordo et al. (2020) as an instrument made to analyze
SVCC which can be used as a tool for computation or as a teaching aid for
instructors that teaches the respective field such as Mechanical Engineering,
 2

as well as practicing engineers in analyzing refrigeration cycles of industrial

refrigeration systems, heat pumps, and water chillers. The CARCASS also has
a feature to display diagrams to provide an easy visualization.

The study generally aims to aid anyone that has an intent to get accurate
answer regarding the problem without taking too much of their time. The
software will serve as a guide in answering the problem with sufficient detail.
The user of the proposed software will be shown first with some given values
and programmed arrangement in solving the problem. The user will then solve
manually for the rate of heat absorption and rejection, the compressor work, the
coefficient of performance, and refrigerating efficiency. With all the values
collected, the data can be put in the software and it will calculate the answer.
Simulations will also be included so that the user can visualize the solution.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The field of engineering is well known to be analogous to the world of

numbers. Calculating typically necessitates lengthy calculations and analysis,
which consumes a significant amount of time and is prone to errors throughout
the solving process. To solve the problem, a program called Computer Aided
Refrigeration Cycle Analysis and Simulation Software was generated.
However, the simulation tool was limited to one refrigerant, the R-1234yf, and
thus only addressed a portion of the problem.

Engineering students demand a program with a significant number of

refrigerants coded in to have something to see their works in comparison.
Confusion is imminent when facing a lot of tables of properties, having the need
to develop the aforementioned program.
 3

1.3 Significance of the study

The software will be designed to improve views in refrigeration cycle

providing solution to the problem, accounting different working area in
refrigeration cycle. Using this software to improve some specification in
calculations which will benefit to both student and educators.

This program is capable of using English units, cuts the length of time in
solving manually in terms of getting the enthalpy, entropy, and specific of each
state, also in solving for refrigerating effect, condenser heat, COP, adding
English units, and doing analysis reducing time in just a single click. For
educators that has limited time in teaching this program can be used as
instructional material to utilize their time while providing a uniform and accurate
solutions. In this program, enhancing education and students can be attained.

1.4 Objectives of the Study

The main objective of the study is to develop the aforementioned

software to be able to introduce new refrigerants and broaden the scope of
the study.

Specifically, the updated software should be able to possess the

a. Solve the enthalpy, entropy, and specific volume for each state and
performance analysis, including the refrigerating effect, heat loss at
the condenser, compressor work, coefficient of performance (COP),
and system efficiency index (SEI)

b. Incorporation of English units as an additional feature.

c. Maintaining the maximum error of 0.1% for the error analysis.

 4

The R-513a was added for it is a non-ozone depleting potential (ODP),

low global warming potential (GWP) hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) based
replacement for R-134a. The R-514a was added for it is a non-ozone depleting,
low global warming potential (GWP) hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) based
replacement for R-123. The CARCASS only has the international system of
units (SI) for the measurement, while the new software will include the English
unit in the metric system. The maximum allowable error is 0.1% relative to the
CRE software.

1.5 Scope and Limitations

The study focuses on the expansion and the development of the

aforementioned software to broaden its scope. However, the following should
be noted regarding the software:

• The software is only able to solve single-stage vapor compression cycle

problems.
• The only applicable refrigerants for the software are R-1234yf, R-513a
and R-514a
• Either pressure or temperature of the condenser and the evaporator, and
isentropic efficiency of the compressor are required inputs.
• Other inputs include refrigerating capacity, refrigerant mass flow rate,
heat loss at condenser, compressor work, and electrical energy input.
• The allowable temperature range for the evaporator and condenser
temperatures for the R-513a and R-514a is from -15 °C to 35 °C, and -
45 °C to 45 °C for the R1234yf.
• The allowable pressure range for the evaporator and condenser
pressures for all the refrigerant is from 40 kPa to 1200kPa.
• The input limit of the isentropic efficiency is from 60% to 100%
 5

II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 CATCA

Computer Aided Thermodynamic Cycle Analysis (CATCA) is a well-

known software that was programmed by Ronaldo Balandra, a faculty of the
Mechanical Engineering department in the College of Engineering of Central
Mindanao University that was used for calculating certain values for
thermodynamic cycle such as Rankine Cycle, Rankine Reheat Cycle and
Rankine Regenerative Cycle which is needed in a steam power. It is also useful
in determining the properties water at certain temperature or pressure namely
the Specific Volume, Enthalpy, Internal Energy, and Entropy. The software
computes the desired values when Pressure and Temperature are given and
the following results of each state are then displayed.

2.2 Cooling System Design Simulator

A software with a patent code of US7606683B2 called Cooling System

Design Software, applied in the United States of America, was developed by
Vijay Bahel, Peter F. Dexter, Altaf Hossain and Thomas E. It is a software
produced to process the condenser parameters, the evaporator parameters
and the compressor parameters through a model of the cooling system in which
a selected flow control device based on the model output. Further methods
include inputting refrigerant properties for the refrigerant that flows within the
system, and then the output is based on the refrigerant properties such as
refrigeration charge and one of refrigerant superheat and sub-cooling
temperature
 6

2.3 Chemours Refrigerant Expert (CRE)

A software called Chemours Refrigerant Expert (CRE), is a software

developed to aid users to generate data for Opteon refrigerants, as well as the
thermodynamic property data tables, transport property data tables, and
theoretical refrigeration cycle calculations with the cycle properties and line-
sizing data.

2.4 COOLSTAR Refrigeration Software

Developed by JA-Soft, COOLSTAR Refrigeration Software grants users

to select their preferred components based on the manufacturer and allows the
data of the piping to be adapted to the simulation.

2.5 CoolPack

Some other studies related to computer aided design of cooling systems

include CoolPack developed by the Department of Mechanical Engineering
(MEK), Section of Thermal Energy (TES) at the Technical University of
Denmark (DTU). It is a collection of simulation programs related to refrigeration
and it covers cycle analysis or process design, system sizing, system
simulation, component calculations, analysis of operating conditions,
refrigerant calculations and life cycle costs.

2.6 REFPROP

A software developed by the National Institute of Standards and

Technology (NIST), an acronym for REFerence fluid PROPerties, which aims
to calculate the thermodynamic and transport properties of industrially
important fluids and their mixtures.
 7

2.7 CYCLE_D

The CYCLE_D is a model which simulates vapor compression

refrigeration cycles that use pure refrigerants or blends of refrigerants. The
model can simulate a basic subcritical or trans-critical refrigeration cycle, both
with or without a liquid-line/suction-line heat exchanger. In addition, the model
can simulate a subcritical two-stage economizer cycle, a subcritical three-stage
economizer cycle, and a subcritical two-stage compression cycle with
intercooling (Domanski et. al, 2018).

2.8 VapCyc

The modular/component-based simulation tool called VapCyc was

introduced by Richardson et al., they expanded the original version of the
VapCyc solver and formulated the solution algorithm in a more general manner
allowing for the simulation of a vapor compression cycle with additional
components. VapCyc is an advanced vapor compression cycle design and
simulation tool capable of shortening product development cycles and reducing
product development by offering accurate simulation data. However, the
simulation tool was limited to single objective optimization problems and the
focus was placed on optimizing system level variables such as system charge
and component selection. The software was expanded by Wrinkler et al. The
simulation tool is capable of optimizing for a variety of performance or economic
variables by varying any component or system level independent property.
Example component level independent properties include heat exchanger tube
length, air flow rate, and fins per inch and example system level independent
properties include system subcooling and system superheating (Wrinkler et. al,
2006).
 8

2.9 Compressor

A compressor consists of a piston, a cylinder, an inlet valve, an exit

valve, a connecting rod, a crank, a piston pin, a crank pin, and a crank shaft.
Spring-loaded inlet and exit valves that open and close according to pressure
differential across them are possible. Pressure is formed as a result of the
piston's movement from TDC to BDC suction, forcing the intake valve to open.
The ambient air enters the cylinder due to the opening of the intake valve and
the suction pressure. During this stroke, air enters the cylinder and is
compressed in the following stroke with both the intake and exit valves closed.
Compression is maintained until the pressure inside the chamber is high
enough to produce deflection of the exit valve. Exhaust of pressurized air
occurs when the exit valve plate is raised (Pundarika B., 2000).

The compressor elevates the pressure of the refrigerant from the

evaporator to a level that allows the heat to be rejected to ambient air at the
condenser as the refrigeration system removes heat through the evaporator.
Depending on the scale of the plant, the refrigerant used, and other
characteristics, it may be classified into many categories. They are classed as
reciprocating, rotary, or centrifugal in terms of compression technique. They
can use either direct or belt drive. They are classed as belt drive or direct drive
based on where the primary mover is located (Miller & Miller, 2004).

2.10 Evaporator

An evaporator is a heat exchanger in which the working fluid evaporates

as it absorbs heat from the environment (Cengel & Boles, 2015).

The evaporator is in charge of absorbing heat from whichever medium

is to be cooled. This heat-absorbing process is performed by keeping the
evaporator coil at a temperature lower than the medium to be cooled (Whitman
et al. 2012).
 9

2.11 Condenser

A condenser is a heat exchanger that converts the working fluid from

vapor to liquid while it rejects heat to the surroundings. The steam that exits the
turbine as a vapor condenses to the saturated liquid state in the condenser of
a steam power plant as a result of heat transfer to a cooling medium such as
the atmosphere or water from a lake or river (Cengel & Boles, 2015).

2.12 Expansion Valve

The fourth component required for the compression refrigeration cycle

to work is the expansion device, also known as the metering device. In most
cases, it is hidden inside the evaporator cabinet and is not visible from the
outside. A valve or a fixed-bore device can be used (Whitman et al., 2012).

2.13 Refrigerant R-513a

Refrigeration systems rely on refrigerants as operating fluids. They

transfer heat from one location to another in order to chill air or water in air-
conditioning systems. A refrigerant can theoretically be any gas that can be
alternately liquefied and evaporated within mechanical apparatus. Practical
considerations have led to the adoption of a variety of refrigerants that can be
safely regulated at moderate pressures by equipment with adequate
mechanical strength and lines of normal size and wall thickness. Each of these
produced refrigerants has unique properties such as odor and boiling pressure
(Miller & Miller, 2006).

The refrigerants R-513a and R-514a were selected to be added to the

software for the reason that these are environmentally sustainable and non-
ozone depleting refrigerant offering a low global warming potential (GWP). The
refrigerant R-513a, according to The Chemours Company (n.d) is a non-ozone
depleting potential (ODP), low global warming potential (GWP)
hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) based replacement for R-134a in positive
 10

displacement, direct expansion, medium-temperature commercial and

industrial chillers, as well as flooded and/ or centrifugal chillers. This refrigerant
has low toxicity and is not flammable. R-513a refrigerant GWP is 573, which is
roughly a 56% decrease from the GWP value of R-134a, it is also compatible
with the existing equipment design and oils, and approved by major global
equipment and component manufacturers. The disadvantage includes high
price, and high atmospheric concentrations that would cause anesthetic effects
and asphyxiation. Prolonged exposure may lead to heart arrhythmia and could
cause sudden death (Gas-Servie, 2007).

2.14 Refrigerant R-514a

In low pressure centrifugal chillers for commercial and industrial

applications, OpteonTM XP30 (R-514A) is a hydrofluoroolefin (HFO)-based
refrigerant with a low global warming potential (GWP): a 97% reduction in
comparison to R-123*. OpteonTM XP30 is an azeotropic, nonflammable
refrigerant that matches R-123 in terms of great capacity, high energy
efficiency, and environmental sustainability also, it is suited for both new
systems and retrofits. As for the disadvantage, ASHRAE 34 classes R-514A as
a “B1” refrigerant, meaning that it is not flammable but is classed as having
higher toxicity, with an Occupational Exposure Limit (OEL) of 323 ppm
(CCACoalition, 2019).

Thus, demand for R-513a and R-514a refrigerants will gradually

increase because of its lower environmental effect.
 11

2.15 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle

The most common refrigeration cycle is the vapor-compression

refrigeration cycle, in which the refrigerant is alternately vaporized and
condensed and compressed in the vapor phase. The vapor-compression
refrigeration cycle is the most common cycle used in refrigerators, air
conditioners, and heat pumps. It is made up of four processes: (1) isentropic
compression in the compressor, (2) isobaric heat rejection in the condenser, (3)
isenthalpic process in the expansion valve, and (4) isobaric heat absorption in
the evaporator (Cengel & Boles, 2015).
 12

Schematic Diagram

2.16 Enthalpy

The total heat in a refrigerant is expressed as enthalpy. The enthalpy is

the product of sensible and latent heat. The amount of heat required for the
refrigerant to transition from liquid to vapor phase is referred to as latent heat
(Miller & Miller, 2006).
 13

2.17 Entropy

It is the ratio of heat added to a substance to the absolute temperature

at which it is added (Miller & Miller, 2006).

2.18 Interpolation

Interpolation is the way of estimating the value needed or the

approximation of for the set of values based on their context. Linear
interpolation is one of the basic forms of interpolation, is basically the rendering
of a straight line between two or more points. It is important for filling in missing
data, such as in upscaling images or creating statistical methods (Techopedia,
n.d).

In mathematics, the determination or approximation of the f(x), or a

function of x, from certain known values of the function. If x0 < … < xn and y0 =
f(x0), …, yn = f(xn) are known, and if x0 < x < xn, then the estimated value of f(x)
is said to be an interpolation (Britannica, n.d).

2.19 Refrigerating Effect

The difference in content between the saturated vapor that departs the
evaporator and the liquid refrigerant that exits the expansion valve, or so the
liquid refrigerant that enters the evaporator, is called the refrigeration effect. It
calculates the number of unit masses of refrigerant that must be evaporated in
a particular amount of time to generate what is required (Miller & Miller, 2006).

2.20 Refrigerating Efficiency

Refrigerating efficiency, also known as a refrigeration system's cooling

capacity, is the rate of heat removal from the refrigerated space and is
commonly stated in tons of refrigeration (Cengel & Boles, 2015).
 14

III. METHODOLOGY

3.1 Research Design

The software, Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation Software,

was generated to solve refrigeration problems with defined evaporator and
condenser temperatures, pressure at the condenser and evaporator, and/or the
refrigerating effect. The data was then improved and the codes were used to
incorporate the refrigerants R513a and R514a into the program. In developing
a formula for determining data, including those not found on the property tables
of the refrigerants, a numerical analysis method, specifically the Newtonian
Polynomial Interpolation was used.

Test programs have been created to serve as the foundation for the
development of the final program's codes. Programs in those test programs can
determine the saturation and superheated properties of each refrigerant at a
given temperature. These test programs have also been used to validate the
interpolation formulas. As the test programs were perfected, the final program,
which includes the formulas for the rate of heat absorption at the evaporator,
rate of heat rejection at the condenser, compressor work, coefficient of
performance, and refrigerating efficiency, was developed.

Finally, the final program was then debugged and tested. Several test
problems with varying evaporator and condenser temperatures, were solved
using computer software, and the results were then compared to the results of
solving manually.
 15

3.1.1 Procedural Framework

Figure 3.1 Procedural Framework

 16

The construction of the software will start with the research about the
topic, followed by the in initial programming which involves tasks such as
analysis and generating algorithms; and initial debugging that involves
identifying a problem, isolating the source of the problem, and then either
correcting the problem or determining a way to work around it. If the initial
debugging is successful, it will proceed to final programming and final
debugging. If it’s unsuccessful, the process will go back to the research. After
the final debugging, the software will be tested to make commands, if it fails to
follow the given tasks the software will return to the research. When the testing
is a success, the software will proceed to the data gathering which is the
collecting and measuring of information on variables of interest in a systematic
way that enables the software to answer the objectives of the study. Next step
is the analysis of data, results and discussion, and the conclusion. After these
stages in generating the software is achieved, the software is set to take
recommendation.

3.2 Adding Refrigerants R-513a and R-514a

Using the software Visual Studio to include the refrigerant R-513a and
R-514a in the CARCASS software. The thermodynamic properties of the
additional refrigerant will be obtained in the Chemours Refrigerant Expert
(CRE) 1.0 software, as shown in the figure 3.3 to figure 4.0 below. The table
was used in the CRE software's Properties tab to generate data for the
refrigerants in the saturated, and superheated states, with pressure and
temperature as parameters. The information is then copied and pasted into the
Microsoft Excel software.
 17

Figure 3.2 Chemours Refrigerant Expert 1.0 Refrigerant saturation properties

of refrigerant R-513a with temperature as parameter.

Figure 3.3 Chemours Refrigerant Expert 1.0 Refrigerant superheated

properties of refrigerant R-514a.
 18

3.3 Integrating English Unit Feature

The English thermodynamic properties of the refrigerant R-513a and R-

514a were obtained using Chemours Refrigerant Expert (CRE) 1.0, as shown
in figures 4.1 to figure 4.8 for integration into the CARCASS software. The table
was used in the Properties tab of the CRE program to generate data for the
refrigerants in saturated, and superheated, using pressure and temperature as
parameters. After that, the data is copied and pasted into the Microsoft Excel
software.

Figure 3.4 Chemours Refrigerant Expert 1.0 Refrigerant saturation properties

of refrigerant R-513a in English Units with temperature as parameter.
 19

Figure 3.5 Chemours Refrigerant Expert 1.0 Refrigerant saturation properties

of refrigerant R-514a in English Units with temperature as parameter.
 20

3.4 Software Development

3.4.1 Program Flow

Figure 3.6 Solution Flowchart

 21

Figure 3.6 Solution Flowchart (continuation)

 22

3.4.2 Software User Interface

SVACCSS's user interface (UI) was created with the aid of the program
Visual Studio 2022. There are nine windows that make up the SVACCSS, they
are: the main window, three windows for each of the components of a single-
stage vapor compression cycle (compressor, condenser, and evaporator), a
window that shows the properties at each point of the cycle, a window for the
refrigerant information and its property calculator, a window for the software
information, a window for developers’ information, and a window for printing the
results.

The main window features a menu bar, and a link for the refrigerant
option window. The menu bar allows the user to proceed to the software’s other
windows or exit the software. The next window shows the standard vapor
compression system with its P-H and T-S diagram before proceeding to the
input of parameters. The information of the refrigerants can be seen on the main
window upon choosing the refrigerant for the given problem. It is also where the
user can optionally input the refrigerating capacity or the mass flow rate of the
refrigerant. After the calculate button is pressed, the first tab strip shows the
results of the calculations such as the mass flow rate, refrigerating capacity,
pressure and temperature at each state, heat rejection at the condenser,
compressor power, energy efficiency ratio coefficient of performance, and
system efficiency.
 23

Figure 3.7 Refrigerant Selection Window

Figure 3.8 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software Schematic Diagram
 24

Figure 3.9 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software P-H Diagram

Figure 3.10 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software T-S Diagram
 25

Figure 3.11 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software Program Information Window

Figure 3.12 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software Condenser Parameters Input Window
 26

Figure 3.13 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software Compressor Parameters Input Window

Figure 3.14 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software Evaporator Parameters Input Window
 27

Figure 3.15 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software Refrigerant’s Information Window

Figure 3.16 Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation

Software Property Calculator Window
 28

3.4.3 Numerical Analysis Method

The equations for determining the enthalpy, entropy, and specific volume
at each state were developed using numerical analysis, specifically Newtonian
Polynomial Interpolation.

In Newtonian Polynomial Interpolation, a set of data would be taken where y is

a function of x.

Newton’s Polynomial Interpolation

The general form of an n−1 orders Newton’s polynomial that goes through n
points is:

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎0 + 𝑎1 (𝑥 − 𝑥0 ) + 𝑎2 (𝑥 − 𝑥0 )(𝑥 − 𝑥1 ) + ⋯
+ 𝑎𝑛 (𝑥 − 𝑥0 )(𝑥 − 𝑥1 ) … (𝑥 − 𝑥𝑛 )

Which, can be re-written as:

𝑓(𝑥) = ∑𝑛𝑖=0 𝑎𝑖 𝑛𝑖 (𝑥)

Where 𝑛𝑖 (𝑥) = ∏𝑖−1

𝑗=0(𝑥 − 𝑥𝑗 )

by rearranging the equation

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎0 + 𝑎1 (𝑥 − 𝑥0 ) = 𝑦1

to get a1, we will have:

𝑦1 − 𝑦0
𝑎1 =
𝑥1 − 𝑥0

We can calculate a2 by inserting data points (x2, y2) in the form of

𝑦2 − 𝑦1 𝑦1 − 𝑦0
𝑥2 − 𝑥1 − 𝑥1 − 𝑥0
𝑎2 =
𝑥2 − 𝑥0

And to calculate a3, insert data points (x3, y3) in the form of

𝑦3 − 𝑦2 𝑦2 − 𝑦1 𝑦2 − 𝑦1 𝑦1 − 𝑦0
𝑥3 − 𝑥2 − 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 𝑥2 − 𝑥1 − 𝑥1 − 𝑥0
−
𝑥3 − 𝑥1 𝑥2 − 𝑥0
𝑎3 =
𝑥3 − 𝑥0
 29

If we define:

𝑦1 − 𝑦0
𝑓[𝑥1 , 𝑥0 ] =
𝑥1 − 𝑥0

𝑦2 − 𝑦1 𝑦1 − 𝑦0
𝑥2 − 𝑥1 − 𝑥1 − 𝑥0 𝑓[𝑥2 , 𝑥1 ] − 𝑓[𝑥1 , 𝑥0 ]
𝑓[𝑥2 , 𝑥1 , 𝑥0 ] = =
𝑥2 − 𝑥0 𝑥2 , 𝑥1

Then we will have the iteration equation of

𝑓[𝑥𝑘 , 𝑥𝑘−1 , … , 𝑥2 , 𝑥1 ] − 𝑓[𝑥𝑘−1 , 𝑥𝑘−2 , … , 𝑥1 , 𝑥0 ]

𝑓[𝑥𝑘 , 𝑥𝑘−1 , … , 𝑥1 , 𝑥0 ] =
𝑥𝑘 , 𝑥0

After the coefficients are determined, the only thing we need to calculate is
the higher differences which continues in the same manner.

Using a case of 5 data points:

Each element in the table can be calculated using the two previous elements
(to the left). We can calculate each element and store them into a diagonal
matrix, which is the coefficients matrix and can be written as:
 30

3.4.4 Solution and Equations

Process Assumptions

In order to find the entropy of each state, two important assumptions are
necessary. We assume that, the states 1–2 have isentropic compression
process, and the states 3–4 have isenthalpic process.

For the pressure at each point:

o 𝑃1 = 𝑃𝑒 − 𝑑𝑃𝑒

o 𝑃2 = 𝑃𝑐 + 𝑑𝑃𝑐

o 𝑃3 = 𝑃𝑐

o 𝑃4 = 𝑃𝑒

For the temperature at each point:

o 𝑡1 = 𝑡𝑒 + 𝑑𝑡𝑒

o 𝑡3 = 𝑡𝑐 − 𝑑𝑡𝑐

o 𝑡4 = 𝑡𝑒

Solving for enthalpy and entropy

ℎ1 = ℎ𝑔 @ 𝑃𝑒

𝑠1 = 𝑠2 = 𝑠𝑔 @ 𝑃𝑒

ℎ2 = ℎ @ 𝑠2 @ 𝑃𝑐 @ 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟

ℎ3 = ℎ4 = ℎ𝑓 @ 𝑃𝑐

After finding enthalpy at each state, we can use these following equations to
find the following:

• for mixtures:

o 𝑎 = 𝑎𝑓 + 𝑥(𝑎𝑔 − 𝑎𝑓 )

*Where a could be enthalpy (h), entropy (s), or specific volume (v)

 31

• refrigeration formulas:

o 𝐼𝐸 = (ℎ2𝑖 − ℎ1 )⁄(ℎ2𝑎 − ℎ1 )
o 𝑄𝑒 = 𝑚̇(ℎ1 − ℎ4 )

o 𝑄𝑐 = 𝑚̇(ℎ2 − ℎ3 )

o 𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 = 𝑚̇(ℎ2 − ℎ1 )

o 𝐶𝑂𝑃 = 𝑄𝑒 ⁄𝑊𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝

o 𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑡 = 𝑇𝑒 ⁄(𝑇𝑐 − 𝑇𝑒 )

o 𝑆𝐸𝐼 = 𝐶𝑂𝑃⁄𝐶𝑂𝑃𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑡

Definition of terms used:

Pn = pressure at each state

Pe = pressure at evaporator

Pc = pressure at condenser

tn = temperature at each state

te = temperature at evaporator

tc = temperature at condenser

hn = enthalpy at each state

sn = entropy at each state

Qe = heat added in evaporator/ refrigerating effect

Qc = heat removed in condenser

Wcomp = work done in compressor

COP = Coefficient of Performance

SEI = System Efficiency Index

 32

3.5 Data Gathering

Important thermodynamic parameters that fluctuate with pressure and

temperature include enthalpy, entropy, and specific volume. Data gathering will
be conducted through the use of the Properties Calculator feature of
SVACCSS. In this instance, they were measured over a pressure range of 40
to 1200 kPa, with a 20 kPa increment. The same properties were determined
at various temperatures ranging from -45 to 45 °C for R1234yf and -15 to 35 °C
for R513a and R514a, with a 1 °C increment. This temperature range covers
the expected operating range for these fluids and includes a full data analysis.
Using Microsoft Excel software, the data was organized into a table, making it
simple to see and evaluate the characteristics for various pressure and
temperature levels.

3.6 Error Checking

The error checking process involved comparing the enthalpy and

entropy values obtained using the Properties Calculator feature of SVACCSS
with the values from the table generated by the software CRE 1.0.

To calculate the absolute error between the SVACCS data and the CRE 1.0
Reference data for a given thermodynamic property (pressure, enthalpy,
entropy, or specific volume), the formula is:

𝐴𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = |𝑆𝑉𝐴𝐶𝐶𝑆 𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎 − 𝐶𝑅𝐸 1.0 𝑅𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒|

And to calculate the relative error, the formula is:

𝑆𝑉𝐴𝐶𝐶𝑆 𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎 − 𝐶𝑅𝐸 1.0 𝑅𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒

𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = | |𝑥 100%
𝐶𝑅𝐸 1.0 𝑅𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒

Where the SVACCS data represents the data obtained using the Properties
Calculator feature of SVACCSS, and the CRE 1.0 Reference represents the
values from the table generated by the software CRE 1.0. By using these
formulas to calculate the absolute and relative errors, the accuracy of the data
can be verified and any discrepancies can be addressed.
 33

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Performance Analysis of the SVACCSS Software

Figure 4.1 Performance Analysis of the SVACCSS for Refrigerant-1234yf

Figure 4.2 Performance Analysis of the SVACCSS for Refrigerant-513a

 34

Figure 4.3 Performance Analysis of the SVACCSS for Refrigerant-514a

If the mass flow rate is not given and none of the following are given:
Refrigerating Capacity, Heat Rejected at the Condenser, or Compressor Work,
the mass flow rate of the refrigerant will default to a value of 1 kg/s.

The figure shows a schematic diagram of a simple vapor compression

cycle, including the Condenser Values with inputs such as pressure, and
temperature, the Compressor Values with inputs such as isentropic efficiency,
refrigerating capacity, and mass flow rate, and the Evaporator Values with
inputs such as pressure, and temperature. The figure also includes a properties
tab that displays the state of each point in the cycle, including its equivalent
properties such as pressure, temperature, enthalpy, entropy, and quality (if the
state is a mixture). The Results tab displays the calculated values of the mass
flow rate, refrigerating capacity, compressor power, coefficient of performance,
system efficiency index, and energy efficiency ratio (if the electrical energy input
is given).
 35

4.2 Error Analysis of the SVACCSS Software

Figure 4.4 Property Calculator of the SVACSS for Refrigerant-1234yf

Figure 4.5 Property Calculator of the SVACSS for Refrigerant-513a

 36

Figure 4.6 Property Calculator of the SVACSS for Refrigerant-514a

 37

Table 4.1 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of pressure of
Refrigerant-1234yf obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
temperature as input.

Pressure
Temperature
CRE 1.0 SVACCSS Absolute Error Relative Error
-45 48.624 48.624 3E-05 7E-05
-44 51.157 51.157 3E-05 7E-05
-43 53.795 53.795 4E-05 7E-05
-42 56.54 56.54 5E-05 8E-05
-41 59.397 59.397 2E-06 3E-06
-40 62.367 62.367 5E-05 8E-05
-39 65.454 65.454 1E-05 2E-05
-38 68.661 68.661 3E-05 5E-05
-37 71.992 71.992 3E-05 5E-05
-36 75.45 75.45 1E-05 2E-05
-35 79.039 79.039 2E-05 2E-05
-34 82.761 82.761 2E-05 2E-05
-33 86.62 86.62 3E-05 3E-05
-32 90.62 90.62 5E-05 5E-05
-31 94.764 94.764 4E-05 5E-05
-30 99.056 99.056 4E-05 4E-05
-29 103.5 103.5 4E-05 4E-05
-28 108.1 108.1 5E-05 5E-05
-27 112.86 112.86 2E-05 1E-05
-26 117.78 117.78 1E-05 1E-05
-25 122.86 122.86 4E-05 3E-05
-24 128.12 128.12 1E-05 1E-05
-23 133.55 133.55 3E-05 2E-05
-22 139.16 139.16 2E-05 1E-05
-21 144.95 144.95 4E-05 3E-05
-20 150.92 150.92 4E-06 3E-06
-19 157.09 157.09 4E-05 2E-05
-18 163.44 163.44 4E-05 3E-05
-17 170 170 1E-05 7E-06
-16 176.76 176.76 4E-05 2E-05
-15 183.72 183.72 3E-05 2E-05
-14 190.9 190.9 3E-05 1E-05
-13 198.29 198.29 1E-05 5E-06
-12 205.9 205.9 1E-05 7E-06
-11 213.73 213.73 8E-06 4E-06
-10 221.78 221.78 4E-05 2E-05
-9 230.07 230.07 1E-05 6E-06
-8 238.6 238.6 1E-05 4E-06
-7 247.36 247.36 5E-05 2E-05
-6 256.37 256.37 5E-05 2E-05
-5 265.63 265.63 4E-05 1E-05
-4 275.14 275.14 2E-05 8E-06
 38

-3 284.91 284.91 7E-06 2E-06

-2 294.95 294.95 7E-06 2E-06
-1 305.25 305.25 1E-05 5E-06
0 315.82 315.82 2E-05 7E-06
1 326.67 326.67 2E-05 5E-06
2 337.8 337.8 4E-07 1E-07
3 349.22 349.22 3E-05 7E-06
4 360.92 360.92 2E-05 6E-06
5 372.92 372.92 4E-05 1E-05
6 385.23 385.23 2E-05 5E-06
7 397.83 397.83 5E-05 1E-05
8 410.75 410.75 1E-05 3E-06
9 423.98 423.98 3E-05 8E-06
10 437.53 437.53 3E-05 7E-06
11 451.41 451.41 5E-05 1E-05
12 465.61 465.61 5E-05 1E-05
13 480.15 480.15 4E-05 9E-06
14 495.03 495.03 9E-06 2E-06
15 510.25 510.25 3E-05 6E-06
16 525.83 525.83 3E-05 6E-06
17 541.76 541.76 5E-05 9E-06
18 558.04 558.04 4E-05 6E-06
19 574.7 574.7 3E-05 5E-06
20 591.72 591.72 3E-05 6E-06
21 609.12 609.12 2E-05 4E-06
22 626.9 626.9 6E-07 9E-08
23 645.07 645.07 5E-05 7E-06
24 663.63 663.63 4E-05 6E-06
25 682.58 682.58 7E-06 1E-06
26 701.94 701.94 1E-06 1E-07
27 721.71 721.71 2E-05 2E-06
28 741.89 741.89 2E-06 3E-07
29 762.49 762.49 4E-05 5E-06
30 783.51 783.51 4E-05 6E-06
31 804.97 804.97 4E-06 5E-07
32 826.86 826.86 8E-06 1E-06
33 849.19 849.19 4E-05 5E-06
34 871.97 871.97 2E-05 2E-06
35 895.21 895.21 2E-05 2E-06
36 918.9 918.9 4E-05 5E-06
37 943.06 943.06 7E-06 8E-07
38 967.69 967.69 5E-05 5E-06
39 992.8 992.8 4E-05 4E-06
40 1018.4 1018.4 2E-05 2E-06
41 1044.5 1044.5 2E-05 2E-06
42 1071.1 1071.1 3E-05 3E-06
43 1098.1 1098.1 4E-05 4E-06
44 1125.7 1125.7 1E-05 1E-06
45 1153.8 1153.8 1E-05 1E-06
 39

Table 4.2 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of enthalpy of
Refrigerant-1234yf obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
temperature as input.

Enthalpy (hf) Enthalpy (hg)

Temp. CRE SVACC Absolute Relative CRE SVACC Absolute Relative
1.0 SS Error Error 1.0 SS Error Error
-45 145.31 145.31 5E-05 3E-05 333.21 333.21 2E-05 6E-06
-44 146.46 146.46 3E-05 2E-05 333.88 333.88 1E-05 4E-06
-43 147.61 147.61 1E-05 7E-06 334.56 334.56 4E-05 1E-05
-42 148.76 148.76 2E-05 2E-05 335.23 335.23 3E-06 8E-07
-41 149.91 149.91 2E-05 1E-05 335.9 335.9 8E-06 2E-06
-40 151.07 151.07 4E-05 3E-05 336.58 336.58 2E-06 5E-07
-39 152.23 152.23 4E-05 2E-05 337.25 337.25 1E-05 4E-06
-38 153.39 153.39 4E-05 3E-05 337.93 337.93 2E-05 7E-06
-37 154.56 154.56 4E-05 3E-05 338.6 338.6 3E-05 9E-06
-36 155.73 155.73 3E-05 2E-05 339.28 339.28 5E-06 2E-06
-35 156.9 156.9 2E-05 1E-05 339.95 339.95 4E-05 1E-05
-34 158.08 158.08 3E-05 2E-05 340.62 340.62 3E-05 1E-05
-33 159.26 159.26 2E-05 1E-05 341.3 341.3 2E-05 7E-06
-32 160.44 160.44 2E-05 1E-05 341.97 341.97 4E-05 1E-05
-31 161.62 161.62 3E-05 2E-05 342.65 342.65 3E-05 9E-06
-30 162.81 162.81 5E-05 3E-05 343.32 343.32 3E-05 9E-06
-29 164 164 5E-05 3E-05 344 344 3E-05 1E-05
-28 165.2 165.2 5E-05 3E-05 344.67 344.67 1E-05 4E-06
-27 166.39 166.39 5E-05 3E-05 345.34 345.34 1E-05 3E-06
-26 167.6 167.6 2E-05 1E-05 346.02 346.02 4E-06 1E-06
-25 168.8 168.8 3E-05 2E-05 346.69 346.69 4E-06 1E-06
-24 170.01 170.01 3E-05 2E-05 347.36 347.36 2E-05 7E-06
-23 171.22 171.22 2E-05 1E-05 348.04 348.04 5E-05 1E-05
-22 172.43 172.43 4E-06 2E-06 348.71 348.71 4E-05 1E-05
-21 173.65 173.65 1E-05 6E-06 349.38 349.38 4E-05 1E-05
-20 174.87 174.87 1E-05 6E-06 350.05 350.05 2E-05 7E-06
-19 176.09 176.09 2E-05 1E-05 350.72 350.72 5E-05 1E-05
-18 177.32 177.32 4E-05 2E-05 351.39 351.39 3E-05 1E-05
-17 178.55 178.55 3E-05 2E-05 352.06 352.06 4E-05 1E-05
-16 179.79 179.79 5E-05 3E-05 352.73 352.73 3E-05 9E-06
-15 181.02 181.02 4E-05 2E-05 353.4 353.4 1E-05 3E-06
-14 182.27 182.27 1E-05 6E-06 354.06 354.06 2E-05 7E-06
-13 183.51 183.51 2E-05 1E-05 354.73 354.73 4E-05 1E-05
-12 184.76 184.76 5E-05 2E-05 355.39 355.39 5E-05 1E-05
 40

-11 186.01 186.01 4E-05 2E-05 356.06 356.06 5E-05 1E-05

-10 187.26 187.26 6E-06 3E-06 356.72 356.72 1E-05 3E-06
-9 188.52 188.52 1E-05 7E-06 357.38 357.38 3E-05 8E-06
-8 189.78 189.78 3E-06 1E-06 358.04 358.04 2E-05 5E-06
-7 191.05 191.05 2E-05 1E-05 358.7 358.7 2E-06 6E-07
-6 192.31 192.31 4E-05 2E-05 359.36 359.36 4E-05 1E-05
-5 193.59 193.59 2E-05 8E-06 360.02 360.02 4E-05 1E-05
-4 194.86 194.86 5E-05 2E-05 360.68 360.68 3E-05 9E-06
-3 196.14 196.14 1E-05 6E-06 361.33 361.33 1E-05 3E-06
-2 197.42 197.42 1E-05 5E-06 361.99 361.99 2E-05 7E-06
-1 198.71 198.71 4E-05 2E-05 362.64 362.64 3E-05 1E-05
0 200 200 1E-12 5E-13 363.29 363.29 6E-06 2E-06
1 201.29 201.29 9E-06 4E-06 363.94 363.94 3E-05 8E-06
2 202.59 202.59 1E-05 6E-06 364.59 364.59 4E-05 1E-05
3 203.89 203.89 4E-05 2E-05 365.23 365.23 2E-05 7E-06
4 205.2 205.2 5E-05 2E-05 365.88 365.88 3E-05 9E-06
5 206.5 206.5 1E-05 6E-06 366.52 366.52 5E-05 1E-05
6 207.82 207.82 2E-05 7E-06 367.16 367.16 4E-05 1E-05
7 209.13 209.13 3E-05 1E-05 367.8 367.8 2E-05 5E-06
8 210.45 210.45 2E-05 1E-05 368.44 368.44 9E-06 2E-06
9 211.78 211.78 2E-05 1E-05 369.07 369.07 8E-06 2E-06
10 213.1 213.1 4E-05 2E-05 369.7 369.7 5E-06 1E-06
11 214.43 214.43 5E-05 2E-05 370.33 370.33 5E-05 1E-05
12 215.77 215.77 7E-06 3E-06 370.96 370.96 4E-05 1E-05
13 217.11 217.11 1E-05 5E-06 371.59 371.59 8E-06 2E-06
14 218.45 218.45 3E-05 1E-05 372.21 372.21 2E-05 4E-06
15 219.8 219.8 4E-05 2E-05 372.83 372.83 2E-05 6E-06
16 221.15 221.15 8E-06 4E-06 373.45 373.45 2E-05 5E-06
17 222.51 222.51 3E-05 1E-05 374.06 374.06 7E-06 2E-06
18 223.87 223.87 3E-05 1E-05 374.67 374.67 7E-06 2E-06
19 225.23 225.23 4E-05 2E-05 375.28 375.28 2E-05 6E-06
20 226.6 226.6 3E-05 1E-05 375.89 375.89 5E-05 1E-05
21 227.97 227.97 2E-05 7E-06 376.49 376.49 2E-05 6E-06
22 229.34 229.34 3E-05 2E-05 377.09 377.09 3E-05 7E-06
23 230.73 230.73 1E-05 5E-06 377.69 377.69 3E-07 9E-08
24 232.11 232.11 6E-07 3E-07 378.28 378.28 1E-05 3E-06
25 233.5 233.5 3E-05 1E-05 378.87 378.87 3E-05 7E-06
26 234.89 234.89 4E-05 2E-05 379.45 379.45 7E-06 2E-06
27 236.29 236.29 3E-05 1E-05 380.03 380.03 3E-05 8E-06
28 237.69 237.69 3E-05 1E-05 380.61 380.61 4E-05 1E-05
 41

29 239.1 239.1 3E-06 1E-06 381.18 381.18 4E-05 1E-05

30 240.51 240.51 3E-06 1E-06 381.75 381.75 2E-05 6E-06
31 241.93 241.93 1E-05 5E-06 382.31 382.32 2E-05 6E-06
32 243.35 243.35 3E-05 1E-05 382.87 382.87 8E-06 2E-06
33 244.78 244.78 1E-05 6E-06 383.43 383.43 3E-05 7E-06
34 246.21 246.21 3E-05 1E-05 383.98 383.98 3E-05 9E-06
35 247.64 247.64 4E-05 2E-05 384.52 384.52 4E-05 9E-06
36 249.09 249.09 7E-07 3E-07 385.06 385.06 4E-05 1E-05
37 250.53 250.53 1E-05 5E-06 385.6 385.6 4E-05 1E-05
38 251.98 251.98 2E-06 8E-07 386.13 386.13 2E-06 5E-07
39 253.44 253.44 3E-05 1E-05 386.65 386.65 2E-06 4E-07
40 254.9 254.9 8E-06 3E-06 387.17 387.17 2E-05 5E-06
41 256.37 256.37 6E-06 2E-06 387.68 387.68 4E-05 1E-05
42 257.84 257.84 4E-05 2E-05 388.19 388.19 3E-05 7E-06
43 259.32 259.32 1E-05 6E-06 388.69 388.69 8E-06 2E-06
44 260.81 260.81 6E-07 2E-07 389.18 389.18 3E-05 8E-06
45 262.3 262.3 4E-05 2E-05 389.66 389.66 2E-05 6E-06
 42

Table 4.3 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of entropy of
Refrigerant-1234yf obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
temperature as input.

Entropy (sf) Entropy (sg)

Temp. CRE Absolute Relative CRE Absolute Relative
SVACCSS SVACCSS
1.0 Error Error 1.0 Error Error
-45 0.7825 0.7825 2E-05 0.0023 1.606 1.606 5E-05 0.0029
-44 0.7875 0.7875 2E-05 0.0023 1.6054 1.6054 9E-06 0.0005
-43 0.7925 0.7925 3E-05 0.0036 1.6048 1.6048 3E-05 0.0022
-42 0.7975 0.7975 5E-05 0.0059 1.6042 1.6042 3E-05 0.0021
-41 0.8024 0.8024 3E-05 0.0032 1.6036 1.6036 4E-06 0.0002
-40 0.8074 0.8074 1E-05 0.0013 1.6031 1.6031 5E-05 0.003
-39 0.8123 0.8123 5E-05 0.0056 1.6025 1.6025 3E-05 0.0021
-38 0.8173 0.8173 8E-06 0.001 1.602 1.602 4E-05 0.0026
-37 0.8222 0.8222 3E-05 0.0037 1.6016 1.6016 3E-05 0.0016
-36 0.8272 0.8272 4E-05 0.0047 1.6011 1.6011 3E-05 0.002
-35 0.8321 0.8321 2E-05 0.002 1.6007 1.6007 1E-05 0.0008
-34 0.837 0.837 2E-06 0.0003 1.6003 1.6003 2E-05 0.0012
-33 0.8419 0.8419 4E-06 0.0005 1.5999 1.5999 5E-05 0.0029
-32 0.8468 0.8468 3E-06 0.0003 1.5996 1.5996 2E-06 0.0001
-31 0.8517 0.8517 6E-06 0.0007 1.5993 1.5993 3E-05 0.0018
-30 0.8566 0.8566 2E-05 0.0027 1.599 1.599 3E-05 0.0021
-29 0.8615 0.8615 5E-05 0.0055 1.5987 1.5987 2E-05 0.0011
-28 0.8663 0.8663 2E-05 0.0024 1.5984 1.5984 2E-05 0.0012
-27 0.8712 0.8712 2E-05 0.002 1.5982 1.5982 2E-05 0.0015
-26 0.876 0.876 4E-05 0.0041 1.598 1.598 5E-05 0.0029
-25 0.8809 0.8809 2E-05 0.002 1.5978 1.5978 5E-05 0.0031
-24 0.8857 0.8857 2E-05 0.0025 1.5976 1.5976 3E-05 0.0021
-23 0.8906 0.8906 4E-05 0.005 1.5974 1.5974 2E-07 1E-05
-22 0.8954 0.8954 2E-05 0.0021 1.5973 1.5973 5E-05 0.003
-21 0.9002 0.9002 3E-07 3E-05 1.5971 1.5971 2E-05 0.0014
-20 0.905 0.905 1E-05 0.0014 1.597 1.597 1E-05 0.0007
-19 0.9098 0.9098 2E-05 0.0021 1.5969 1.5969 2E-05 0.0009
-18 0.9146 0.9146 2E-05 0.002 1.5968 1.5968 4E-05 0.0023
-17 0.9194 0.9194 1E-05 0.0012 1.5968 1.5968 3E-05 0.0017
-16 0.9242 0.9242 2E-06 0.0002 1.5967 1.5967 3E-05 0.0016
-15 0.929 0.929 2E-05 0.0023 1.5967 1.5967 5E-06 0.0003
-14 0.9338 0.9338 5E-05 0.0051 1.5967 1.5967 2E-05 0.0014
-13 0.9385 0.9385 2E-05 0.0022 1.5967 1.5967 2E-05 0.0015
-12 0.9433 0.9433 2E-05 0.0018 1.5967 1.5967 1E-05 0.0008
-11 0.948 0.948 4E-05 0.0042 1.5967 1.5967 1E-05 0.0009
-10 0.9528 0.9528 9E-06 0.001 1.5968 1.5968 5E-05 0.0029
-9 0.9575 0.9575 4E-05 0.0037 1.5968 1.5968 6E-06 0.0004
-8 0.9623 0.9623 2E-05 0.0026 1.5969 1.5969 3E-05 0.0018
-7 0.967 0.967 9E-06 0.0009 1.5969 1.5969 5E-05 0.0031
-6 0.9717 0.9717 4E-05 0.0039 1.597 1.597 4E-05 0.0024
-5 0.9765 0.9765 4E-05 0.004 1.5971 1.5971 4E-05 0.0025
-4 0.9812 0.9812 2E-05 0.0022 1.5973 1.5973 5E-05 0.003
 43

-3 0.9859 0.9859 8E-06 0.0009 1.5974 1.5974 2E-05 0.0016

-2 0.9906 0.9906 7E-07 7E-05 1.5975 1.5975 9E-06 0.0006
-1 0.9953 0.9953 2E-06 0.0002 1.5977 1.5977 5E-05 0.0029
0 1 1 0 0 1.5978 1.5978 7E-06 0.0004
1 1.0047 1.0047 7E-06 0.0007 1.598 1.598 3E-05 0.0019
2 1.0094 1.0094 2E-05 0.0018 1.5981 1.5981 4E-05 0.0026
3 1.0141 1.0141 3E-05 0.0034 1.5983 1.5983 2E-05 0.0014
4 1.0187 1.0187 4E-05 0.0044 1.5985 1.5985 1E-05 0.0008
5 1.0234 1.0234 2E-05 0.0019 1.5987 1.5987 9E-06 0.0006
6 1.0281 1.0281 1E-05 0.0009 1.5989 1.5989 1E-05 0.0009
7 1.0328 1.0328 4E-05 0.0042 1.5991 1.5991 3E-05 0.0016
8 1.0374 1.0374 2E-05 0.0019 1.5993 1.5993 4E-05 0.0028
9 1.0421 1.0421 2E-05 0.0021 1.5996 1.5996 3E-05 0.0019
10 1.0467 1.0467 3E-05 0.0031 1.5998 1.5998 3E-07 2E-05
11 1.0514 1.0514 2E-05 0.0016 1.6 1.6 4E-05 0.0023
12 1.056 1.056 3E-05 0.0028 1.6003 1.6003 2E-05 0.0013
13 1.0607 1.0607 3E-05 0.0025 1.6005 1.6005 3E-05 0.0016
14 1.0653 1.0653 1E-05 0.0012 1.6008 1.6008 2E-05 0.0014
15 1.0699 1.0699 5E-05 0.0046 1.601 1.601 3E-05 0.002
16 1.0746 1.0746 2E-05 0.0016 1.6013 1.6013 9E-06 0.0005
17 1.0792 1.0792 1E-05 0.0012 1.6016 1.6016 5E-05 0.0029
18 1.0838 1.0838 4E-05 0.0037 1.6018 1.6018 2E-05 0.0012
19 1.0885 1.0885 4E-05 0.0033 1.6021 1.6021 1E-05 0.0008
20 1.0931 1.0931 1E-05 0.0013 1.6024 1.6024 4E-05 0.0027
21 1.0977 1.0977 5E-06 0.0004 1.6026 1.6026 3E-05 0.0017
22 1.1023 1.1023 2E-05 0.0019 1.6029 1.6029 7E-08 4E-06
23 1.1069 1.1069 3E-05 0.0031 1.6032 1.6032 3E-05 0.0017
24 1.1115 1.1115 5E-05 0.0041 1.6034 1.6034 5E-05 0.0029
25 1.1162 1.1162 4E-05 0.004 1.6037 1.6037 2E-05 0.0013
26 1.1208 1.1208 4E-05 0.0034 1.604 1.604 6E-06 0.0004
27 1.1254 1.1254 3E-05 0.0029 1.6043 1.6043 3E-05 0.0021
28 1.13 1.13 3E-05 0.0025 1.6045 1.6045 4E-05 0.0023
29 1.1346 1.1346 3E-05 0.0024 1.6048 1.6048 7E-06 0.0004
30 1.1392 1.1392 3E-05 0.0023 1.6051 1.6051 3E-05 0.0016
31 1.1438 1.1438 3E-05 0.0024 1.6053 1.6053 4E-05 0.0024
32 1.1484 1.1484 3E-05 0.0025 1.6056 1.6056 4E-07 2E-05
33 1.153 1.153 3E-05 0.0027 1.6059 1.6059 4E-05 0.0027
34 1.1576 1.1576 3E-05 0.003 1.6061 1.6061 1E-05 0.0007
35 1.1622 1.1622 4E-05 0.0033 1.6064 1.6064 4E-05 0.0025
36 1.1668 1.1668 4E-05 0.0037 1.6066 1.6066 4E-06 0.0003
37 1.1714 1.1714 5E-05 0.004 1.6068 1.6068 4E-05 0.0027
38 1.1759 1.1759 5E-05 0.0042 1.6071 1.6071 2E-05 0.0015
39 1.1805 1.1805 5E-05 0.0039 1.6073 1.6073 1E-06 9E-05
40 1.1851 1.1851 4E-05 0.0037 1.6075 1.6075 2E-05 0.0013
41 1.1897 1.1897 4E-05 0.0036 1.6077 1.6077 3E-05 0.0019
42 1.1943 1.1943 4E-05 0.0036 1.6079 1.6079 3E-05 0.0021
43 1.1989 1.1989 5E-05 0.0038 1.6081 1.6081 3E-05 0.0017
44 1.2035 1.2035 5E-05 0.0041 1.6083 1.6083 1E-05 0.0008
45 1.2082 1.2082 4E-05 0.0036 1.6085 1.6085 1E-05 0.0008
 44

Table 4.4 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of specific volume of
Refrigerant-1234yf obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
temperature as input.

Specific Volume (Vf) Specific Volume (Vg)

Temp. CRE SVAC Absolute Relative CRE SVACC Absolute Relative
1.0 CSS Error Error 1.0 SS Error Error
-45 0.0008 0.0008 1E-07 0.0189 0.3326 0.3326 2E-07 5E-05
-44 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0379 0.3172 0.3172 4E-07 0.0001
-43 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0368 0.3026 0.3026 4E-07 0.0001
-42 0.0008 0.0008 1E-07 0.017 0.2889 0.2889 4E-07 0.0001
-41 0.0008 0.0008 5E-07 0.0602 0.2758 0.2758 3E-07 0.0001
-40 0.0008 0.0008 7E-08 0.0094 0.2635 0.2635 2E-07 7E-05
-39 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0398 0.2519 0.2519 4E-08 2E-05
-38 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0414 0.2409 0.2409 4E-07 0.0002
-37 0.0008 0.0008 4E-08 0.0047 0.2304 0.2304 9E-08 4E-05
-36 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.049 0.2205 0.2205 3E-07 0.0001
-35 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0362 0.2111 0.2111 2E-07 0.0001
-34 0.0008 0.0008 4E-08 0.0049 0.2022 0.2022 3E-07 0.0001
-33 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0443 0.1937 0.1937 3E-07 0.0001
-32 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0452 0.1857 0.1857 5E-07 0.0003
-31 0.0008 0.0008 7E-08 0.0091 0.178 0.178 3E-07 0.0001
-30 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0251 0.1708 0.1708 3E-07 0.0002
-29 0.0008 0.0008 5E-07 0.0576 0.1639 0.1639 1E-07 6E-05
-28 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0378 0.1573 0.1573 2E-07 0.0001
-27 0.0008 0.0008 7E-08 0.0088 0.1511 0.1511 9E-08 6E-05
-26 0.0008 0.0008 1E-07 0.0183 0.1451 0.1451 5E-07 0.0003
-25 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0434 0.1394 0.1394 4E-07 0.0003
-24 0.0008 0.0008 5E-07 0.0581 0.134 0.134 2E-07 0.0001
-23 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0365 0.1289 0.1289 3E-07 0.0002
-22 0.0008 0.0008 1E-07 0.0169 0.124 0.124 5E-08 4E-05
-21 0.0008 0.0008 5E-09 0.0007 0.1193 0.1193 3E-08 2E-05
-20 0.0008 0.0008 1E-07 0.0163 0.1148 0.1148 4E-07 0.0003
-19 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0298 0.1105 0.1105 3E-07 0.0003
-18 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0413 0.1065 0.1065 3E-07 0.0003
-17 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0507 0.1026 0.1026 1E-07 0.0001
-16 0.0008 0.0008 5E-07 0.058 0.0988 0.0988 2E-07 0.0002
-15 0.0008 0.0008 5E-07 0.059 0.0953 0.0953 3E-07 0.0004
-14 0.0008 0.0008 5E-07 0.0556 0.0919 0.0919 5E-07 0.0005
-13 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0545 0.0886 0.0886 3E-07 0.0004
-12 0.0008 0.0008 5E-07 0.0556 0.0855 0.0855 5E-07 0.0006
 45

-11 0.0008 0.0008 5E-07 0.0589 0.0825 0.0825 6E-08 7E-05

-10 0.0008 0.0008 5E-07 0.0563 0.0796 0.0796 1E-07 0.0001
-9 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0481 0.0769 0.0769 2E-07 0.0003
-8 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0377 0.0742 0.0742 5E-08 6E-05
-7 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0249 0.0717 0.0717 4E-07 0.0006
-6 0.0008 0.0008 8E-08 0.0097 0.0693 0.0693 4E-07 0.0005
-5 0.0008 0.0008 7E-08 0.0079 0.067 0.067 2E-07 0.0003
-4 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0279 0.0647 0.0647 2E-07 0.0003
-3 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0503 0.0626 0.0626 4E-07 0.0006
-2 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0429 0.0605 0.0605 2E-07 0.0003
-1 0.0008 0.0008 1E-07 0.0151 0.0586 0.0586 3E-07 0.0005
0 0.0009 0.0009 1E-07 0.0153 0.0567 0.0567 1E-07 0.0002
1 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0482 0.0548 0.0548 3E-08 6E-05
2 0.0009 0.0009 3E-07 0.0331 0.0531 0.0531 2E-07 0.0003
3 0.0009 0.0009 5E-08 0.0055 0.0514 0.0514 5E-07 0.0009
4 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0468 0.0498 0.0498 3E-08 6E-05
5 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0251 0.0482 0.0482 5E-07 0.001
6 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.022 0.0467 0.0467 2E-07 0.0004
7 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0433 0.0452 0.0453 4E-07 0.0009
8 0.0009 0.0009 9E-08 0.0099 0.0439 0.0439 1E-07 0.0003
9 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0487 0.0425 0.0425 4E-07 0.0009
10 0.0009 0.0009 9E-08 0.0108 0.0412 0.0412 3E-07 0.0006
11 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0408 0.04 0.04 4E-07 0.0011
12 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.025 0.0387 0.0388 3E-07 0.0007
13 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0195 0.0376 0.0376 3E-07 0.0008
14 0.0009 0.0009 5E-07 0.053 0.0365 0.0365 5E-07 0.0013
15 0.0009 0.0009 1E-07 0.0159 0.0354 0.0354 5E-07 0.0013
16 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0172 0.0343 0.0343 7E-08 0.0002
17 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0463 0.0333 0.0333 4E-07 0.0013
18 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0403 0.0323 0.0323 5E-07 0.0015
19 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.019 0.0314 0.0314 4E-07 0.0014
20 0.0009 0.0009 2E-08 0.0019 0.0305 0.0305 9E-06 0.0285
21 0.0009 0.0009 1E-07 0.011 0.0296 0.0296 5E-07 0.0017
22 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0196 0.0288 0.0288 9E-08 0.0003
23 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0237 0.0279 0.0279 4E-07 0.0013
24 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0234 0.0271 0.0271 3E-07 0.001
25 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0186 0.0264 0.0264 2E-08 9E-05
26 0.0009 0.0009 8E-08 0.0092 0.0256 0.0256 7E-08 0.0003
27 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 0.0049 0.0249 0.0249 4E-08 0.0002
28 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0237 0.0242 0.0242 4E-08 0.0002
 46

29 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0474 0.0235 0.0235 5E-08 0.0002

30 0.0009 0.0009 3E-07 0.0313 0.0229 0.0229 2E-07 0.0007
31 0.0009 0.0009 2E-08 0.0026 0.0222 0.0222 2E-07 0.001
32 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0417 0.0216 0.0216 2E-08 9E-05
33 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0202 0.021 0.021 2E-07 0.0008
34 0.0009 0.0009 3E-07 0.0298 0.0204 0.0204 5E-07 0.0024
35 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0202 0.0199 0.0199 3E-07 0.0016
36 0.001 0.001 4E-07 0.041 0.0193 0.0193 9E-09 5E-05
37 0.001 0.001 3E-08 0.0033 0.0188 0.0188 1E-07 0.0005
38 0.001 0.001 3E-07 0.0278 0.0183 0.0183 4E-07 0.0024
39 0.001 0.001 5E-07 0.0515 0.0178 0.0178 3E-08 0.0002
40 0.001 0.001 3E-07 0.0335 0.0173 0.0173 1E-07 0.0008
41 0.001 0.001 2E-07 0.0225 0.0168 0.0168 2E-07 0.0014
42 0.001 0.001 2E-07 0.0186 0.0164 0.0164 2E-07 0.0013
43 0.001 0.001 2E-07 0.022 0.0159 0.0159 3E-07 0.0022
44 0.001 0.001 3E-07 0.033 0.0155 0.0155 4E-07 0.0028
45 0.001 0.001 5E-07 0.0517 0.0151 0.0151 4E-07 0.0027
 47

Table 4.5 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
pressure, and enthalpy of Refrigerant-1234yf with temperature as input
Pressure Enthalpy (hf) Enthalpy (hg)
Absolute Relative Absolute Relative Absolute Relative
Error Error Error Error Error Error
Average 2.65E-05 1.49E-05 2.5E-05 1.31E-05 2.46E-05 6.79E-06
Maximum 4.97E-05 8.11E-05 4.97E-05 3.42E-05 4.95E-05 1.42E-05
Minimum 4.19E-07 8.92E-08 9.95E-13 4.97E-13 3.45E-07 9.14E-08

Table 4.6 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
entropy of Refrigerant-1234yf with temperature as input
Entropy (sf) Entropy (sg)
Absolute Error Relative Error Absolute Error Relative Error
Average 2.61E-05 0.002583 2.56E-05 0.001596
Maximum 4.97E-05 0.005875 4.97E-05 0.003111
Minimum 0 0 7.09E-08 4.43E-06

Table 4.7 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
specific volume of Refrigerant-1234yf with temperature as input
Specific Volume (vf) Specific Volume (vg)
Absolute Error Relative Error Absolute Error Relative Error
Average 2.6E-07 0.030534 3.48E-07 0.000878
Maximum 5.1E-07 0.060225 8.69E-06 0.028502
Minimum 5.44E-09 0.000674 9.05E-09 1.77E-05

The pressure in the Refrigerant-1234yf when the input is temperature

was collected to have an average absolute and relative error of 2.46E-05 or
0.0000246% and 0.000080% respectively. The average absolute error for
enthalpy (hf) was 2.59E-05 or 0.0000259% and a relative error of
0.00000013%. For the vapor enthalpy (hg), an average absolute error of
2.525E-05 or 0.00002525% was found and an average relative error of
0.000007%.
If the input is temperature in Refrigerant-1234yf, the average absolute
error in liquid entropy is 2.560E-05 or an equivalent of 0.0000256% and an
average relative error of 0.00026%. The vapor entropy has no major difference
to the liquid entropy, the average absolute error of (sg) is 2.352E-05 and the
relative error is 0.00015%. The specific volume (vf) has an average absolute
error of 2.88E-07 and a relative error of 3.4E-04. The specific volume (vg) has
an absolute error of 2.820E-07 and a relative error of 0.00005%.
 48

Table 4.8 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of pressure of
Refrigerant-1234yf obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
pressure as input.

Temperature
Pressure
CRE 1.0 SVACCSS Absolute Error Relative Error
40 -48.752 -48.752 4E-05 9E-05
60 -40.794 -40.794 4E-05 9E-05
80 -34.738 -34.738 5E-05 0.0001
100 -29.785 -29.785 2E-05 7E-05
120 -25.559 -25.559 1E-05 4E-05
140 -21.852 -21.852 4E-05 0.0002
160 -18.538 -18.538 4E-05 0.0002
180 -15.531 -15.531 3E-05 0.0002
200 -12.772 -12.772 5E-05 0.0004
220 -10.219 -10.219 2E-05 0.0002
240 -7.8381 -7.8381 1E-05 0.0001
260 -5.605 -5.605 2E-05 0.0003
280 -3.4997 -3.4997 8E-06 0.0002
300 -1.5063 -1.5063 2E-06 0.0002
320 0.3882 0.3882 1E-05 0.0036
340 2.1947 2.1947 5E-05 0.0021
360 3.9221 3.9221 3E-05 0.0007
380 5.5781 5.5781 4E-05 0.0007
400 7.1694 7.1694 3E-05 0.0004
420 8.7016 8.7016 2E-06 2E-05
440 10.18 10.18 2E-05 0.0002
460 11.608 11.608 3E-05 0.0003
480 12.99 12.99 4E-05 0.0003
500 14.329 14.329 2E-05 0.0001
520 15.628 15.628 3E-05 0.0002
540 16.891 16.891 4E-05 0.0003
560 18.119 18.119 1E-05 6E-05
580 19.314 19.314 5E-05 0.0003
600 20.479 20.479 3E-05 0.0002
620 21.614 21.614 4E-05 0.0002
640 22.723 22.723 1E-05 4E-05
660 23.806 23.806 4E-05 0.0002
680 24.865 24.865 2E-05 6E-05
700 25.901 25.901 3E-06 1E-05
720 26.914 26.915 4E-05 0.0002
740 27.907 27.907 5E-05 0.0002
760 28.88 28.88 3E-05 0.0001
780 29.834 29.834 1E-05 4E-05
800 30.77 30.77 4E-05 0.0001
820 31.689 31.689 2E-05 7E-05
840 32.591 32.591 1E-05 3E-05
860 33.477 33.477 2E-05 5E-05
 49

880 34.348 34.348 1E-05 3E-05

900 35.204 35.204 2E-05 7E-05
920 36.046 36.046 4E-05 0.0001
940 36.874 36.874 2E-05 5E-05
960 37.69 37.69 1E-05 3E-05
980 38.493 38.493 3E-06 8E-06
1000 39.283 39.283 4E-05 0.0001
1020 40.062 40.062 5E-05 0.0001
1040 40.83 40.83 2E-05 6E-05
1060 41.586 41.586 4E-05 9E-05
1080 42.332 42.332 5E-05 0.0001
1100 43.068 43.068 9E-06 2E-05
1120 43.794 43.794 3E-05 6E-05
1140 44.51 44.51 8E-06 2E-05
1160 45.217 45.217 5E-05 0.0001
1180 45.915 45.915 3E-05 6E-05
1200 46.604 46.604 1E-05 2E-05
 50

Table 4.9 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of enthalpy of
Refrigerant-1234yf obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
pressure as input.

Enthalpy (hf) Enthalpy (hg)

Pre-
ssure CRE Absolute Relative CRE Absolute Relative
SVACCSS SVACCSS
1.0 Error Error 1.0 Error Error
40 141.04 141.04 3E-05 2E-05 330.69 330.69 2E-05 6E-06
60 150.15 150.15 2E-06 1E-06 336.04 336.04 3E-05 9E-06
80 157.21 157.21 3E-05 2E-05 340.13 340.13 4E-05 1E-05
100 163.07 163.07 1E-05 8E-06 343.47 343.47 2E-05 6E-06
120 168.13 168.13 1E-05 8E-06 346.32 346.32 9E-06 3E-06
140 172.61 172.61 3E-06 2E-06 348.81 348.81 4E-05 1E-05
160 176.66 176.66 3E-05 2E-05 351.03 351.03 4E-05 1E-05
180 180.37 180.37 4E-06 2E-06 353.04 353.04 2E-05 7E-06
200 183.79 183.79 1E-05 6E-06 354.88 354.88 4E-05 1E-05
220 186.99 186.99 4E-05 2E-05 356.58 356.58 2E-05 4E-06
240 189.99 189.99 3E-05 2E-05 358.15 358.15 3E-05 8E-06
260 192.82 192.82 3E-05 1E-05 359.62 359.62 4E-05 1E-05
280 195.5 195.5 2E-05 8E-06 361.01 361.01 3E-05 8E-06
300 198.06 198.06 3E-05 2E-05 362.31 362.31 2E-05 7E-06
320 200.5 200.5 2E-05 1E-05 363.54 363.54 9E-06 2E-06
340 202.84 202.84 2E-05 9E-06 364.71 364.71 5E-05 1E-05
360 205.09 205.09 4E-05 2E-05 365.83 365.83 1E-05 4E-06
380 207.26 207.26 5E-06 2E-06 366.89 366.89 7E-06 2E-06
400 209.36 209.36 2E-06 8E-07 367.91 367.91 5E-06 1E-06
420 211.38 211.38 2E-05 1E-05 368.88 368.88 5E-05 1E-05
440 213.34 213.34 3E-05 1E-05 369.82 369.82 3E-05 9E-06
460 215.25 215.25 4E-05 2E-05 370.72 370.72 2E-05 6E-06
480 217.1 217.1 2E-05 1E-05 371.58 371.58 4E-05 1E-05
500 218.89 218.89 4E-05 2E-05 372.41 372.41 6E-06 2E-06
520 220.65 220.65 5E-05 2E-05 373.22 373.22 5E-06 1E-06
540 222.36 222.36 8E-06 4E-06 374 374 4E-05 1E-05
560 224.03 224.03 1E-05 6E-06 374.75 374.75 4E-05 1E-05
580 225.66 225.66 2E-05 1E-05 375.47 375.47 7E-06 2E-06
600 227.25 227.25 4E-05 2E-05 376.18 376.18 4E-05 1E-05
620 228.81 228.81 3E-05 1E-05 376.86 376.86 3E-05 9E-06
640 230.34 230.34 3E-05 1E-05 377.52 377.52 5E-05 1E-05
660 231.84 231.84 5E-05 2E-05 378.16 378.16 4E-05 1E-05
680 233.31 233.31 2E-05 8E-06 378.79 378.79 4E-07 1E-07
 51

700 234.75 234.75 3E-05 1E-05 379.39 379.39 4E-06 9E-07

720 236.17 236.17 5E-05 2E-05 379.98 379.98 4E-05 9E-06
740 237.56 237.56 2E-05 9E-06 380.56 380.56 4E-05 1E-05
760 238.93 238.93 1E-06 6E-07 381.11 381.11 3E-05 8E-06
780 240.28 240.28 2E-05 7E-06 381.66 381.66 8E-06 2E-06
800 241.6 241.6 3E-05 1E-05 382.19 382.19 3E-05 8E-06
820 242.91 242.91 3E-05 1E-05 382.7 382.7 4E-05 9E-06
840 244.19 244.19 3E-05 1E-05 383.2 383.2 3E-05 7E-06
860 245.46 245.46 4E-05 2E-05 383.69 383.69 2E-05 4E-06
880 246.71 246.71 6E-06 2E-06 384.17 384.17 4E-05 1E-05
900 247.94 247.94 2E-06 9E-07 384.63 384.63 2E-05 4E-06
920 249.15 249.15 5E-05 2E-05 385.09 385.09 5E-05 1E-05
940 250.35 250.35 1E-05 5E-06 385.53 385.53 2E-05 5E-06
960 251.53 251.53 2E-05 8E-06 385.96 385.96 4E-05 1E-05
980 252.7 252.7 2E-05 7E-06 386.39 386.39 8E-06 2E-06
1000 253.85 253.85 2E-05 9E-06 386.8 386.8 3E-05 7E-06
1020 254.99 254.99 5E-05 2E-05 387.2 387.2 4E-05 1E-05
1040 256.12 256.12 2E-05 7E-06 387.59 387.59 4E-05 1E-05
1060 257.23 257.23 9E-06 3E-06 387.98 387.98 9E-08 2E-08
1080 258.33 258.33 1E-05 6E-06 388.35 388.35 2E-05 4E-06
1100 259.42 259.42 3E-05 1E-05 388.72 388.72 4E-05 1E-05
1120 260.5 260.5 3E-05 1E-05 389.08 389.08 6E-06 1E-06
1140 261.57 261.57 2E-05 6E-06 389.43 389.43 7E-06 2E-06
1160 262.62 262.62 2E-05 6E-06 389.77 389.77 5E-05 1E-05
1180 263.67 263.67 2E-05 7E-06 390.1 390.1 1E-05 3E-06
1200 264.7 264.7 8E-05 3E-05 390.43 390.43 2E-05 5E-06
 52

Table 4.10 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of entropy of
Refrigerant-1234yf obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
pressure as input.

Entropy (sf) Entropy (sg)

Pre-
ssure CRE SVACC Absolute Relative CRE SVACC Absolute Relative
1.0 SS Error Error 1.0 SS Error Error
40 0.7636 0.7636 4E-05 0.0054 1.6088 1.6088 3E-05 0.0022
60 0.8035 0.8035 5E-05 0.0061 1.6035 1.6035 2E-05 0.0011
80 0.8334 0.8334 3E-05 0.0035 1.6006 1.6006 8E-06 0.0005
100 0.8576 0.8576 3E-05 0.0032 1.5989 1.5989 3E-06 0.0002
120 0.8782 0.8782 2E-05 0.0026 1.5979 1.5979 4E-05 0.0024
140 0.8961 0.8961 6E-06 0.0007 1.5972 1.5972 3E-05 0.002
160 0.912 0.912 4E-05 0.0041 1.5969 1.5969 2E-05 0.0015
180 0.9264 0.9264 4E-05 0.0044 1.5967 1.5967 1E-05 0.0006
200 0.9396 0.9396 6E-06 0.0006 1.5967 1.5967 2E-05 0.0014
220 0.9518 0.9518 5E-05 0.0051 1.5967 1.5967 4E-05 0.0027
240 0.963 0.963 4E-05 0.0044 1.5969 1.5969 2E-05 0.0011
260 0.9736 0.9736 4E-06 0.0004 1.5971 1.5971 2E-05 0.0014
280 0.9835 0.9835 4E-05 0.0038 1.5973 1.5973 1E-05 0.0008
300 0.9929 0.9929 2E-05 0.0022 1.5976 1.5976 2E-05 0.0013
320 1.0018 1.0018 2E-05 0.0022 1.5979 1.5979 3E-05 0.0019
340 1.0103 1.0103 6E-06 0.0006 1.5982 1.5982 2E-05 0.0015
360 1.0184 1.0184 2E-05 0.0019 1.5985 1.5985 3E-06 0.0002
380 1.0261 1.0261 2E-05 0.002 1.5988 1.5988 3E-05 0.0017
400 1.0335 1.0335 5E-05 0.0046 1.5992 1.5992 4E-05 0.0024
420 1.0407 1.0407 1E-05 0.0012 1.5995 1.5995 1E-06 9E-05
440 1.0476 1.0476 3E-05 0.0031 1.5998 1.5998 4E-05 0.0027
460 1.0542 1.0542 7E-06 0.0007 1.6002 1.6002 2E-05 0.001
480 1.0606 1.0606 3E-05 0.0024 1.6005 1.6005 2E-05 0.0014
500 1.0668 1.0668 4E-05 0.0036 1.6009 1.6009 4E-05 0.0025
520 1.0729 1.0729 4E-05 0.0036 1.6012 1.6012 5E-06 0.0003
540 1.0787 1.0787 8E-06 0.0007 1.6015 1.6015 2E-05 0.0016
560 1.0844 1.0844 1E-05 0.001 1.6019 1.6019 5E-05 0.0031
580 1.0899 1.0899 2E-05 0.0014 1.6022 1.6022 3E-05 0.0018
600 1.0953 1.0953 3E-06 0.0003 1.6025 1.6025 1E-05 0.0009
620 1.1005 1.1005 4E-05 0.0038 1.6028 1.6028 5E-06 0.0003
640 1.1057 1.1057 4E-05 0.0038 1.6031 1.6031 2E-06 0.0002
660 1.1107 1.1107 5E-05 0.0043 1.6034 1.6034 6E-06 0.0004
680 1.1155 1.1155 3E-05 0.003 1.6037 1.6037 2E-05 0.001
700 1.1203 1.1203 5E-06 0.0004 1.604 1.604 3E-05 0.0021
 53

720 1.125 1.125 3E-05 0.0023 1.6042 1.6042 4E-05 0.0027

740 1.1295 1.1295 4E-05 0.004 1.6045 1.6045 1E-05 0.0008
760 1.134 1.134 2E-05 0.002 1.6048 1.6048 3E-05 0.0016
780 1.1384 1.1384 1E-05 0.0011 1.605 1.605 3E-05 0.0019
800 1.1427 1.1427 2E-05 0.0015 1.6053 1.6053 2E-05 0.0014
820 1.1469 1.1469 4E-05 0.0036 1.6055 1.6055 2E-05 0.0012
840 1.1511 1.1511 1E-05 0.0011 1.6058 1.6058 5E-05 0.003
860 1.1552 1.1552 4E-05 0.0034 1.606 1.606 2E-05 0.0013
880 1.1592 1.1592 4E-05 0.0031 1.6062 1.6062 2E-06 0.0001
900 1.1631 1.1631 2E-06 0.0001 1.6064 1.6064 1E-05 0.0006
920 1.167 1.167 3E-05 0.0027 1.6066 1.6066 2E-05 0.001
940 1.1708 1.1708 2E-05 0.0021 1.6068 1.6068 1E-05 0.0008
960 1.1745 1.1745 2E-05 0.002 1.607 1.607 4E-06 0.0002
980 1.1782 1.1782 1E-05 0.0012 1.6072 1.6072 1E-05 0.0008
1000 1.1818 1.1818 5E-05 0.0041 1.6074 1.6074 4E-05 0.0022
1020 1.1854 1.1854 3E-05 0.0025 1.6075 1.6075 3E-05 0.0021
1040 1.189 1.189 4E-05 0.0034 1.6077 1.6077 4E-06 0.0003
1060 1.1924 1.1924 4E-05 0.0033 1.6079 1.6079 5E-05 0.003
1080 1.1959 1.1959 3E-05 0.0023 1.608 1.608 4E-07 3E-05
1100 1.1993 1.1993 4E-05 0.0034 1.6081 1.6081 4E-05 0.0025
1120 1.2026 1.2026 5E-07 4E-05 1.6083 1.6083 2E-05 0.0015
1140 1.2059 1.2059 6E-07 5E-05 1.6084 1.6084 3E-06 0.0002
1160 1.2092 1.2092 4E-05 0.0036 1.6085 1.6085 2E-05 0.0014
1180 1.2124 1.2124 3E-05 0.0022 1.6086 1.6086 4E-05 0.0023
1200 1.2156 1.2156 8E-06 0.0007 1.6087 1.6087 3E-06 0.0002
 54

Table 4.11 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of specific volume
of Refrigerant-1234yf obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
pressure as input.

Specific Volume (Vf) Specific Volume (Vg)

Pre-
ssure CRE Absolute Relative CRE Absolute Relative
SVACCSS SVACCSS
1.0 Error Error 1.0 Error Error
40 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0484 0.3991 0.3991 5E-07 0.0001
60 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0264 0.2732 0.2733 2E-08 7E-06
80 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0356 0.2087 0.2087 3E-07 0.0001
100 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0221 0.1693 0.1693 4E-07 0.0002
120 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0443 0.1426 0.1426 2E-07 0.0001
140 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0509 0.1233 0.1233 4E-08 3E-05
160 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0447 0.1086 0.1086 2E-07 0.0002
180 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.054 0.0972 0.0972 2E-07 0.0002
200 0.0008 0.0008 1E-07 0.0116 0.0879 0.0879 2E-07 0.0002
220 0.0008 0.0008 8E-08 0.0101 0.0802 0.0802 6E-08 7E-05
240 0.0008 0.0008 3E-08 0.0031 0.0738 0.0738 1E-07 0.0002
260 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0281 0.0684 0.0684 2E-07 0.0004
280 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0389 0.0637 0.0637 2E-07 0.0004
300 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.031 0.0596 0.0596 4E-07 0.0008
320 0.0009 0.0009 1E-08 0.0015 0.056 0.056 3E-07 0.0006
340 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0197 0.0528 0.0528 1E-07 0.0003
360 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0254 0.0499 0.0499 5E-07 0.001
380 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0199 0.0473 0.0473 3E-07 0.0006
400 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 0.0046 0.045 0.045 1E-07 0.0003
420 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0195 0.0429 0.0429 2E-07 0.0005
440 0.0009 0.0009 5E-07 0.0515 0.041 0.041 3E-07 0.0008
460 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0233 0.0392 0.0392 3E-08 7E-05
480 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0225 0.0376 0.0376 5E-07 0.0013
500 0.0009 0.0009 3E-07 0.0389 0.0361 0.0361 2E-07 0.0007
520 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0183 0.0347 0.0347 4E-07 0.0011
540 0.0009 0.0009 3E-07 0.032 0.0334 0.0334 1E-07 0.0004
560 0.0009 0.0009 3E-07 0.0344 0.0322 0.0322 3E-08 9E-05
580 0.0009 0.0009 6E-08 0.0066 0.0311 0.0311 2E-07 0.0007
600 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0434 0.0301 0.0301 9E-08 0.0003
620 0.0009 0.0009 3E-07 0.0341 0.0291 0.0291 1E-07 0.0005
640 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 0.0044 0.0282 0.0282 4E-07 0.0015
660 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0221 0.0273 0.0273 2E-08 6E-05
680 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0455 0.0265 0.0265 5E-07 0.0017
700 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0428 0.0257 0.0257 5E-08 0.0002
 55

720 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0244 0.025 0.025 1E-07 0.0004

740 0.0009 0.0009 8E-08 0.0083 0.0243 0.0243 2E-07 0.0009
760 0.0009 0.0009 5E-08 0.0056 0.0236 0.0236 2E-07 0.0008
780 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0176 0.023 0.023 3E-07 0.0014
800 0.0009 0.0009 3E-07 0.0277 0.0224 0.0224 7E-08 0.0003
820 0.0009 0.0009 3E-07 0.0361 0.0218 0.0218 5E-07 0.0023
840 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0431 0.0213 0.0213 9E-08 0.0004
860 0.0009 0.0009 5E-07 0.0487 0.0207 0.0207 8E-08 0.0004
880 0.0009 0.0009 5E-07 0.0526 0.0202 0.0202 4E-07 0.0018
900 0.0009 0.001 5E-07 0.0491 0.0198 0.0198 4E-08 0.0002
920 0.001 0.001 4E-07 0.0465 0.0193 0.0193 4E-07 0.0019
940 0.001 0.001 4E-07 0.0449 0.0189 0.0189 3E-07 0.0018
960 0.001 0.001 4E-07 0.044 0.0185 0.0185 2E-07 0.0013
980 0.001 0.001 4E-07 0.0438 0.018 0.018 4E-07 0.0024
1000 0.001 0.001 4E-07 0.0442 0.0177 0.0177 2E-07 0.0011
1020 0.001 0.001 4E-07 0.0451 0.0173 0.0173 4E-07 0.0023
1040 0.001 0.001 4E-07 0.0463 0.0169 0.0169 1E-07 0.0006
1060 0.001 0.001 5E-07 0.0479 0.0166 0.0166 4E-07 0.0025
1080 0.001 0.001 5E-07 0.0498 0.0162 0.0162 3E-07 0.002
1100 0.001 0.001 5E-07 0.0503 0.0159 0.0159 3E-07 0.002
1120 0.001 0.001 5E-07 0.048 0.0156 0.0156 2E-08 0.0002
1140 0.001 0.001 4E-07 0.0456 0.0153 0.0153 2E-07 0.0013
1160 0.001 0.001 4E-07 0.0434 0.015 0.015 5E-07 0.0033
1180 0.001 0.001 4E-07 0.0413 0.0147 0.0147 4E-07 0.0028
1200 0.001 0.001 4E-07 0.0394 0.0145 0.0145 5E-06 0.032
 56

Table 4.12 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
pressure, and enthalpy of Refrigerant-1234yf with pressure as input
Temperature Enthalpy (hf) Enthalpy (hg)
Absolute Relative Absolute Relative Absolute Relative
Error Error Error Error Error Error
Average 3E-05 0.0002 2E-05 1E-05 3E-05 7E-06
Maximum 5E-05 0.0036 8E-05 3E-05 5E-05 1E-05
Minimum 2E-06 8E-06 1E-06 6E-07 9E-08 2E-08

Table 4.13 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
entropy of Refrigerant-1234yf with pressure as input
Entropy (sf) Entropy (sg)
Absolute Error Relative Error Absolute Error Relative Error
Average 3E-05 0.0025 2E-05 0.0013
Maximum 5E-05 0.0061 5E-05 0.0031
Minimum 5E-07 4E-05 4E-07 3E-05

Table 4.14 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
specific volume of Refrigerant-1234yf with pressure as input
Specific Volume (vf) Specific Volume (vg)
Absolute Error Relative Error Absolute Error Relative Error
Average 3E-07 0.0331 3E-07 0.0014
Maximum 5E-07 0.054 5E-06 0.032
Minimum 1E-08 0.0015 2E-08 7E-06

In table 4.12, Refrigerant-1234yf, the input is pressure and it was

calculated to have an average absolute error of 2.7004E-05 in temperature and
a relative error of 0.00024% in the same parameter. The liquid enthalpy has an
absolute error of 2.4302E-05 and an average relative error of 0.000011%. The
vapor enthalpy has an average absolute error of 3.0489E-05 and an average
relative error of 0.0000081%.

From the table 4.13, entropy (sf) of the Refrigerant-1234yf when the input
is pressure has obtained an average absolute error of 2.61E-05 and an average
relative error of 0.0025%. An insignificant error was also calculated in the vapor
entropy with an average absolute error of 2.15E-05 and a relative error of
0.0013%. The average absolute and relative error in the specific volume (sf) in
table 4.14 are 3.01E-07 and 0.033% respectively. The specific volume (vg) has
a value of 3.15E-07 for the average absolute error and 0.0014% for the average
relative error.
 57

Table 4.15 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of pressure of
Refrigerant-513a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
temperature as input.

Pressure
Temperature
CRE 1.0 SVACCSS Absolute Error Relative Error
-15 184.58 184.58 2E-05 1E-07
-14 191.99 191.99 1E-05 6E-08
-13 199.62 199.62 3E-05 2E-07
-12 207.49 207.49 5E-05 2E-07
-11 215.6 215.6 3E-05 2E-07
-10 223.95 223.95 2E-05 9E-08
-9 232.55 232.55 5E-05 2E-07
-8 241.41 241.41 3E-05 1E-07
-7 250.52 250.52 4E-05 2E-07
-6 259.89 259.89 3E-05 1E-07
-5 269.53 269.53 2E-05 8E-08
-4 279.44 279.44 2E-05 5E-08
-3 289.63 289.63 5E-05 2E-07
-2 300.11 300.11 3E-06 1E-08
-1 310.87 310.87 2E-06 6E-09
0 321.93 321.93 4E-05 1E-07
1 333.28 333.28 3E-05 1E-07
2 344.94 344.94 5E-05 1E-07
3 356.9 356.9 4E-05 1E-07
4 369.18 369.18 1E-05 3E-08
5 381.79 381.79 4E-05 1E-07
6 394.71 394.71 4E-06 1E-08
7 407.97 407.97 2E-05 4E-08
8 421.56 421.56 3E-05 8E-08
9 435.49 435.49 4E-05 8E-08
10 449.77 449.77 2E-05 4E-08
11 464.41 464.41 6E-06 1E-08
12 479.4 479.4 5E-05 1E-07
13 494.75 494.75 6E-06 1E-08
14 510.48 510.48 3E-05 6E-08
15 526.58 526.58 1E-05 2E-08
16 543.06 543.06 3E-05 5E-08
17 559.93 559.93 4E-05 8E-08
18 577.19 577.19 2E-05 4E-08
19 594.85 594.85 5E-06 8E-09
20 612.92 612.92 4E-05 6E-08
21 631.39 631.39 3E-05 4E-08
22 650.28 650.28 3E-05 5E-08
23 669.59 669.59 1E-05 2E-08
24 689.34 689.34 3E-05 5E-08
 58

25 709.51 709.51 1E-05 2E-08

26 730.13 730.13 2E-05 2E-08
27 751.2 751.2 2E-05 2E-08
28 772.71 772.71 5E-05 6E-08
29 794.69 794.69 3E-05 4E-08
30 817.13 817.13 2E-05 2E-08
31 840.05 840.05 3E-05 3E-08
32 863.44 863.44 3E-05 4E-08
33 887.32 887.32 4E-05 5E-08
34 911.7 911.7 4E-05 4E-08
35 936.57 936.57 3E-05 3E-08

Table 4.16 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of enthalpy of
Refrigerant-513a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
temperature as input.

Enthalpy (hf) Enthalpy (hg)

Temp. CRE SVACC Absolute Relative CRE SVACC Absolute Relative
1.0 SS Error Error 1.0 SS Error Error
-15 180.64 180.64 1E-05 6E-08 368.06 368.06 4E-05 1E-07
-14 181.91 181.91 5E-05 3E-07 368.7 368.7 2E-06 6E-09
-13 183.18 183.18 5E-05 3E-07 369.34 369.34 5E-05 1E-07
-12 184.46 184.46 2E-05 9E-08 369.97 369.97 5E-06 1E-08
-11 185.74 185.74 2E-05 9E-08 370.61 370.61 3E-05 8E-08
-10 187.02 187.02 3E-05 2E-07 371.24 371.24 3E-05 8E-08
-9 188.3 188.3 6E-06 3E-08 371.87 371.87 2E-05 7E-08
-8 189.59 189.59 2E-05 9E-08 372.51 372.51 1E-05 3E-08
-7 190.88 190.88 4E-05 2E-07 373.14 373.14 5E-05 1E-07
-6 192.17 192.17 5E-05 2E-07 373.76 373.76 5E-05 1E-07
-5 193.47 193.47 3E-05 2E-07 374.39 374.39 5E-06 1E-08
-4 194.77 194.77 5E-05 3E-07 375.01 375.01 5E-05 1E-07
-3 196.07 196.07 2E-05 1E-07 375.64 375.64 2E-05 6E-08
-2 197.38 197.38 2E-06 9E-09 376.26 376.26 2E-05 7E-08
-1 198.69 198.69 2E-05 8E-08 376.88 376.88 5E-05 1E-07
0 200 200 0 0 377.5 377.5 2E-06 4E-09
1 201.32 201.32 2E-05 1E-07 378.11 378.11 4E-05 1E-07
2 202.64 202.64 2E-05 1E-07 378.73 378.73 3E-05 9E-08
3 203.96 203.96 3E-05 2E-07 379.34 379.34 3E-05 9E-08
4 205.28 205.28 3E-05 2E-07 379.95 379.95 8E-06 2E-08
5 206.61 206.61 2E-05 9E-08 380.56 380.56 2E-05 5E-08
6 207.95 207.95 2E-05 8E-08 381.16 381.16 3E-05 7E-08
7 209.28 209.28 9E-06 4E-08 381.77 381.77 6E-06 2E-08
8 210.62 210.62 2E-05 1E-07 382.37 382.37 2E-05 6E-08
 59

9 211.97 211.97 1E-05 7E-08 382.96 382.96 4E-05 1E-07

10 213.31 213.31 3E-05 1E-07 383.56 383.56 5E-05 1E-07
11 214.66 214.66 3E-05 1E-07 384.15 384.15 6E-06 1E-08
12 216.02 216.02 4E-05 2E-07 384.75 384.75 5E-06 1E-08
13 217.37 217.37 5E-05 2E-07 385.33 385.33 6E-06 2E-08
14 218.74 218.74 3E-05 1E-07 385.92 385.92 2E-05 4E-08
15 220.1 220.1 3E-05 1E-07 386.5 386.5 5E-05 1E-07
16 221.47 221.47 1E-05 6E-08 387.08 387.08 3E-05 9E-08
17 222.84 222.84 4E-05 2E-07 387.66 387.66 3E-05 8E-08
18 224.22 224.22 4E-05 2E-07 388.23 388.23 3E-05 9E-08
19 225.6 225.6 3E-05 1E-07 388.8 388.8 4E-05 1E-07
20 226.99 226.99 5E-06 2E-08 389.37 389.37 1E-05 3E-08
21 228.38 228.38 3E-05 2E-07 389.93 389.93 2E-05 5E-08
22 229.77 229.77 3E-05 1E-07 390.49 390.49 3E-05 8E-08
23 231.17 231.17 4E-05 2E-07 391.05 391.05 2E-05 5E-08
24 232.57 232.57 5E-05 2E-07 391.6 391.6 2E-05 4E-08
25 233.97 233.97 1E-05 6E-08 392.15 392.15 1E-05 4E-08
26 235.38 235.38 1E-05 5E-08 392.69 392.69 9E-07 2E-09
27 236.8 236.8 3E-05 1E-07 393.23 393.23 2E-05 6E-08
28 238.22 238.22 7E-06 3E-08 393.77 393.77 3E-05 8E-08
29 239.64 239.64 3E-05 1E-07 394.3 394.3 2E-05 4E-08
30 241.07 241.07 2E-06 7E-09 394.83 394.83 4E-05 9E-08
31 242.5 242.5 4E-05 2E-07 395.35 395.35 5E-06 1E-08
32 243.94 243.94 1E-05 5E-08 395.87 395.87 1E-05 4E-08
33 245.38 245.38 4E-05 2E-07 396.39 396.39 4E-05 1E-07
34 246.83 246.83 2E-05 9E-08 396.9 396.9 3E-05 8E-08
35 248.28 248.28 4E-05 2E-07 397.4 397.4 7E-06 2E-08
 60

Table 4.17 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of entropy of
Refrigerant-513a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
temperature as input.

Entropy (sf) Entropy (sg)

Temp. CRE SVACC Absolute Relative CRE SVACC Absolute Relative
1.0 SS Error Error 1.0 SS Error Error
-15 0.9275 0.9275 3E-05 3E-05 1.6536 1.6536 2E-05 1E-05
-14 0.9324 0.9324 1E-05 1E-05 1.6533 1.6533 3E-05 2E-05
-13 0.9373 0.9373 1E-05 1E-05 1.6529 1.6529 3E-05 2E-05
-12 0.9422 0.9422 4E-05 5E-05 1.6526 1.6526 5E-06 3E-06
-11 0.947 0.947 2E-05 2E-05 1.6523 1.6523 2E-06 1E-06
-10 0.9519 0.9519 3E-05 3E-05 1.652 1.652 7E-06 4E-06
-9 0.9567 0.9567 2E-05 2E-05 1.6517 1.6517 3E-05 2E-05
-8 0.9616 0.9616 5E-05 5E-05 1.6515 1.6515 3E-05 2E-05
-7 0.9664 0.9664 2E-05 2E-05 1.6512 1.6512 2E-05 1E-05
-6 0.9712 0.9712 7E-06 8E-06 1.651 1.651 2E-05 9E-06
-5 0.976 0.976 2E-05 2E-05 1.6508 1.6508 4E-05 2E-05
-4 0.9808 0.9808 3E-05 3E-05 1.6506 1.6506 4E-05 3E-05
-3 0.9856 0.9856 3E-05 3E-05 1.6504 1.6504 4E-05 2E-05
-2 0.9904 0.9904 3E-05 3E-05 1.6502 1.6502 3E-05 2E-05
-1 0.9952 0.9952 2E-05 2E-05 1.65 1.65 3E-06 2E-06
0 1 1 0 0 1.6498 1.6498 4E-05 3E-05
1 1.0048 1.0048 2E-05 2E-05 1.6497 1.6497 9E-06 5E-06
2 1.0095 1.0095 5E-05 4E-05 1.6496 1.6496 5E-05 3E-05
3 1.0143 1.0143 8E-06 8E-06 1.6494 1.6494 2E-05 1E-05
4 1.0191 1.0191 3E-05 3E-05 1.6493 1.6493 2E-06 1E-06
5 1.0238 1.0238 2E-05 2E-05 1.6492 1.6492 8E-06 5E-06
6 1.0286 1.0286 4E-05 4E-05 1.6491 1.6491 9E-06 6E-06
7 1.0333 1.0333 3E-06 3E-06 1.649 1.649 2E-06 1E-06
8 1.038 1.038 4E-05 4E-05 1.6489 1.6489 1E-05 8E-06
9 1.0428 1.0428 3E-05 3E-05 1.6488 1.6488 4E-05 2E-05
10 1.0475 1.0475 9E-06 9E-06 1.6488 1.6488 3E-05 2E-05
11 1.0522 1.0522 1E-05 1E-05 1.6487 1.6487 5E-06 3E-06
12 1.0569 1.0569 2E-05 2E-05 1.6486 1.6486 5E-05 3E-05
13 1.0616 1.0616 3E-05 3E-05 1.6486 1.6486 5E-07 3E-07
14 1.0663 1.0663 4E-05 4E-05 1.6486 1.6486 4E-05 3E-05
15 1.071 1.071 4E-05 4E-05 1.6485 1.6485 2E-05 1E-05
16 1.0757 1.0757 4E-05 3E-05 1.6485 1.6485 1E-05 8E-06
17 1.0804 1.0804 3E-05 3E-05 1.6485 1.6485 4E-05 2E-05
18 1.0851 1.0851 2E-05 1E-05 1.6484 1.6484 4E-05 2E-05
19 1.0898 1.0898 3E-07 3E-07 1.6484 1.6484 2E-05 1E-05
20 1.0945 1.0945 2E-05 2E-05 1.6484 1.6484 1E-07 9E-08
21 1.0992 1.0992 4E-05 4E-05 1.6484 1.6484 1E-05 8E-06
22 1.1038 1.1038 3E-05 3E-05 1.6484 1.6484 2E-05 1E-05
23 1.1085 1.1085 2E-06 1E-06 1.6484 1.6484 3E-05 2E-05
24 1.1132 1.1132 3E-05 3E-05 1.6484 1.6484 4E-05 2E-05
25 1.1178 1.1178 3E-05 3E-05 1.6484 1.6484 4E-05 3E-05
26 1.1225 1.1225 4E-06 4E-06 1.6484 1.6484 5E-05 3E-05
 61

27 1.1272 1.1272 4E-05 4E-05 1.6484 1.6484 5E-05 3E-05

28 1.1318 1.1318 1E-05 1E-05 1.6483 1.6483 5E-05 3E-05
29 1.1365 1.1365 3E-05 3E-05 1.6483 1.6483 5E-05 3E-05
30 1.1411 1.1411 2E-05 2E-05 1.6483 1.6483 4E-05 3E-05
31 1.1458 1.1458 3E-05 2E-05 1.6483 1.6483 4E-05 2E-05
32 1.1504 1.1504 2E-05 2E-05 1.6483 1.6483 3E-05 2E-05
33 1.1551 1.1551 3E-05 2E-05 1.6483 1.6483 2E-05 1E-05
34 1.1597 1.1597 2E-05 2E-05 1.6483 1.6483 1E-05 6E-06
35 1.1644 1.1644 3E-05 3E-05 1.6483 1.6483 5E-06 3E-06

Table 4.18 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of specific volume
of Refrigerant-513a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
temperature as input.

Specific Volume (Vf) Specific Volume (Vg)

Temp. CRE SVACC Absolute Relative CRE SVACC Absolute Relative
1.0 SS Error Error 1.0 SS Error Error
-15 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0005 0.1003 0.1003 2E-07 2E-06
-14 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0003 0.0966 0.0966 2E-07 3E-06
-13 0.0008 0.0008 7E-08 9E-05 0.0931 0.0931 4E-07 4E-06
-12 0.0008 0.0008 7E-08 1E-04 0.0897 0.0897 9E-08 1E-06
-11 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0003 0.0865 0.0865 4E-07 5E-06
-10 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0004 0.0834 0.0834 7E-09 9E-08
-9 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0005 0.0804 0.0804 5E-07 6E-06
-8 0.0008 0.0008 5E-07 0.0006 0.0776 0.0776 8E-08 1E-06
-7 0.0008 0.0008 5E-07 0.0006 0.0749 0.0749 3E-07 4E-06
-6 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0006 0.0723 0.0723 2E-07 3E-06
-5 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0005 0.0698 0.0698 3E-07 5E-06
-4 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0005 0.0674 0.0674 2E-07 3E-06
-3 0.0008 0.0008 5E-07 0.0006 0.0651 0.0651 2E-07 3E-06
-2 0.0008 0.0008 5E-07 0.0006 0.0629 0.0629 2E-07 4E-06
-1 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0006 0.0608 0.0608 5E-08 8E-07
0 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0005 0.0588 0.0588 2E-07 3E-06
1 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0003 0.0568 0.0568 7E-08 1E-06
2 0.0008 0.0008 1E-07 0.0002 0.055 0.055 3E-08 6E-07
3 0.0008 0.0008 2E-08 2E-05 0.0532 0.0532 1E-07 2E-06
4 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0002 0.0515 0.0515 7E-08 1E-06
5 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0005 0.0498 0.0498 3E-07 5E-06
6 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0005 0.0482 0.0482 9E-08 2E-06
7 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0002 0.0467 0.0467 5E-07 1E-05
8 0.0008 0.0008 1E-07 0.0001 0.0452 0.0452 2E-07 4E-06
 62

9 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0005 0.0438 0.0438 4E-07 8E-06

10 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0004 0.0424 0.0424 3E-07 6E-06
11 0.0008 0.0008 5E-08 7E-05 0.0411 0.0411 4E-07 1E-05
12 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0005 0.0398 0.0398 3E-07 7E-06
13 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0002 0.0386 0.0386 8E-09 2E-07
14 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0003 0.0374 0.0374 4E-07 1E-05
15 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0004 0.0363 0.0363 1E-07 3E-06
16 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0002 0.0352 0.0352 2E-07 7E-06
17 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0004 0.0341 0.0341 1E-07 3E-06
18 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0003 0.0331 0.0331 7E-08 2E-06
19 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0002 0.0321 0.0321 4E-07 1E-05
20 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0005 0.0312 0.0312 1E-07 3E-06
21 0.0008 0.0008 9E-08 0.0001 0.0302 0.0302 3E-07 1E-05
22 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0003 0.0294 0.0294 2E-07 8E-06
23 0.0008 0.0008 5E-07 0.0006 0.0285 0.0285 3E-07 1E-05
24 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0003 0.0277 0.0277 4E-07 2E-05
25 0.0009 0.0009 2E-08 2E-05 0.0269 0.0269 5E-07 2E-05
26 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0002 0.0261 0.0261 5E-08 2E-06
27 0.0009 0.0009 3E-07 0.0003 0.0253 0.0253 1E-07 5E-06
28 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0004 0.0246 0.0246 2E-07 9E-06
29 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0005 0.0239 0.0239 7E-08 3E-06
30 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0005 0.0232 0.0232 5E-07 2E-05
31 0.0009 0.0009 4E-07 0.0005 0.0226 0.0226 4E-07 2E-05
32 0.0009 0.0009 3E-07 0.0004 0.0219 0.0219 5E-07 2E-05
33 0.0009 0.0009 2E-07 0.0002 0.0213 0.0213 4E-07 2E-05
34 0.0009 0.0009 2E-08 2E-05 0.0207 0.0207 3E-07 2E-05
35 0.0009 0.0009 3E-05 0.0319 0.0202 0.0202 4E-07 2E-05
.
 63

Table 4.19 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
pressure, and enthalpy of Refrigerant-513a with temperature as input
Pressure Enthalpy (hf) Enthalpy (hg)
Absolute Relative Absolute Relative Absolute Relative
Error Error Error Error Error Error
Average 3E-05 7E-08 3E-05 1E-07 2E-05 6E-08
Maximum 5E-05 2E-07 5E-05 3E-07 5E-05 1E-07
Minimum 2E-06 6E-09 0 0 9E-07 2E-09

Table 4.20 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
entropy of Refrigerant-513a with temperature as input
Entropy (sf) Entropy (sg)
Absolute Error Relative Error Absolute Error Relative Error
Average 2E-05 2E-05 2E-05 2E-05
Maximum 5E-05 5E-05 5E-05 3E-05
Minimum 0 0 1E-07 9E-08

Table 4.21 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
specific volume of Refrigerant-513a with temperature as input
Specific Volume (vf) Specific Volume (vg)
Absolute Error Relative Error Absolute Error Relative Error
Average 8E-07 0.001 2E-07 7E-06
Maximum 3E-05 0.0319 5E-07 2E-05
Minimum 2E-08 2E-05 7E-09 9E-08

From table 4.19, the temperature is being used as the input and
accumulated a result of 2.34E-05 for the average absolute error and
0.0000079% for the relative error. The enthalpy (hf) has an average absolute
error of 2.49E-05 or an equivalent of 0.0000249%, with a relative error of
0.000013%. For the vapor enthalpy (hf) it has an average absolute error of
2.58E-05 and a relative error of 0.0000068%.
The entropy in table 4.20 when temperature is inputted has an average
absolute value of 2.46E-05 and a relative error of 0.0025%. The vapor entropy
has an average absolute error of 2.59E-05 and relative error of 0.0016%. For
the specific volume of liquid in table 4.21, the absolute error was found to be
2.97E-07 and a relative error of 0.037%. The specific volume (vg) has an
average absolute error of 2.42E-07 or 0.000000242% and an average relative
error of 0.00043%.
 64

Table 4.22 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of pressure of
Refrigerant-513a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with pressure
as input.

Temperature
Pressure
CRE 1.0 SVACCSS Absolute Error Relative Error
40 -48.044 -48.044 7E-06 1E-07
60 -40.261 -40.261 4E-05 1E-06
80 -34.347 -34.347 4E-05 1E-06
100 -29.514 -29.514 5E-06 2E-07
120 -25.395 -25.395 2E-05 8E-07
140 -21.785 -21.785 3E-05 1E-06
160 -18.559 -18.559 1E-06 6E-08
180 -15.634 -15.634 4E-05 2E-06
200 -12.951 -12.951 6E-07 5E-08
220 -10.469 -10.47 5E-05 5E-06
240 -8.1565 -8.1565 3E-05 3E-06
260 -5.9879 -5.9879 3E-05 5E-06
280 -3.9441 -3.9441 1E-05 3E-06
300 -2.0096 -2.0096 2E-05 1E-05
320 -0.1716 -0.1716 2E-05 0.0001
340 1.5805 1.5805 4E-05 3E-05
360 3.2554 3.2554 1E-05 3E-06
380 4.8608 4.8608 2E-05 5E-06
400 6.403 6.403 2E-05 3E-06
420 7.8876 7.8876 4E-05 5E-06
440 9.3193 9.3193 3E-05 3E-06
460 10.702 10.703 9E-06 8E-07
480 12.041 12.041 4E-05 3E-06
500 13.337 13.337 2E-05 2E-06
520 14.595 14.595 1E-05 1E-06
540 15.817 15.817 3E-05 2E-06
560 17.005 17.005 5E-06 3E-07
580 18.162 18.162 2E-05 9E-07
600 19.289 19.289 1E-05 6E-07
620 20.388 20.388 2E-05 1E-06
640 21.46 21.46 4E-05 2E-06
660 22.507 22.507 1E-06 6E-08
680 23.531 23.531 3E-05 1E-06
700 24.533 24.533 5E-05 2E-06
720 25.513 25.513 2E-05 8E-07
740 26.473 26.473 5E-05 2E-06
760 27.413 27.413 2E-05 7E-07
780 28.335 28.335 2E-05 7E-07
800 29.24 29.24 5E-05 2E-06
820 30.128 30.128 8E-06 3E-07
840 30.999 30.999 4E-05 1E-06
860 31.856 31.856 2E-05 5E-07
 65

880 32.697 32.697 1E-06 3E-08

900 33.524 33.524 4E-07 1E-08
920 34.338 34.338 3E-05 9E-07
940 35.138 35.138 1E-05 4E-07
960 35.926 35.926 3E-05 9E-07
980 36.701 36.701 5E-05 1E-06
1000 37.465 37.465 4E-07 1E-08
1020 38.217 38.218 9E-06 2E-07
1040 38.959 38.959 9E-06 2E-07
1060 39.69 39.69 2E-05 6E-07
1080 40.41 40.41 2E-05 5E-07
1100 41.121 41.121 1E-05 2E-07
1120 41.822 41.822 3E-05 6E-07
1140 42.514 42.514 3E-05 6E-07
1160 43.196 43.196 5E-06 1E-07
1180 43.87 43.87 1E-06 3E-08
1200 44.536 44.536 2E-06 5E-08

Table 4.23 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of enthalpy of
Refrigerant-513a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with pressure
as input.

Enthalpy (hf) Enthalpy (hg)

Pre-
ssure CRE Absolute Relative CRE Absolute Relative
SVACCSS SVACCSS
1.0 Error Error 1.0 Error Error
40 140.25 140.25 1E-05 7E-08 346.72 346.72 1E-05 4E-08
60 149.51 149.51 4E-05 2E-07 351.78 351.78 2E-05 7E-08
80 156.64 156.64 3E-05 2E-07 355.62 355.62 1E-06 3E-09
100 162.54 162.54 2E-05 2E-07 358.76 358.76 3E-05 8E-08
120 167.62 167.62 6E-06 3E-08 361.42 361.42 2E-05 6E-08
140 172.11 172.11 4E-05 2E-07 363.75 363.75 5E-05 1E-07
160 176.15 176.15 4E-05 2E-07 365.82 365.82 3E-05 9E-08
180 179.84 179.84 5E-05 3E-07 367.69 367.69 7E-06 2E-08
200 183.25 183.25 1E-06 7E-09 369.4 369.4 3E-05 9E-08
220 186.42 186.42 1E-05 8E-08 370.97 370.97 1E-05 4E-08
240 189.39 189.39 4E-07 2E-09 372.43 372.43 4E-05 1E-07
260 192.19 192.19 5E-05 2E-07 373.79 373.79 3E-06 8E-09
280 194.84 194.84 1E-05 6E-08 375.07 375.07 2E-05 5E-08
300 197.37 197.37 2E-05 1E-07 376.27 376.27 3E-05 8E-08
320 199.77 199.77 5E-05 2E-07 377.4 377.4 3E-05 7E-08
340 202.08 202.08 1E-05 7E-08 378.48 378.48 5E-05 1E-07
360 204.3 204.3 3E-05 2E-07 379.5 379.5 2E-05 6E-08
380 206.43 206.43 4E-05 2E-07 380.48 380.48 1E-05 3E-08
 66

400 208.48 208.48 1E-05 7E-08 381.41 381.41 1E-05 3E-08

420 210.47 210.47 5E-05 2E-07 382.3 382.3 4E-05 1E-07
440 212.39 212.39 3E-05 1E-07 383.16 383.16 1E-05 4E-08
460 214.26 214.26 8E-06 4E-08 383.98 383.98 4E-05 1E-07
480 216.07 216.07 4E-05 2E-07 384.77 384.77 3E-05 8E-08
500 217.83 217.83 3E-05 1E-07 385.53 385.53 3E-05 9E-08
520 219.55 219.55 5E-05 2E-07 386.27 386.27 2E-05 5E-08
540 221.22 221.22 3E-06 1E-08 386.98 386.98 2E-05 5E-08
560 222.85 222.85 7E-06 3E-08 387.66 387.66 1E-05 3E-08
580 224.44 224.44 3E-05 2E-07 388.32 388.32 4E-05 9E-08
600 226 226 1E-07 6E-10 388.97 388.97 4E-06 1E-08
620 227.52 227.52 3E-05 1E-07 389.59 389.59 5E-05 1E-07
640 229.02 229.02 2E-05 9E-08 390.19 390.19 1E-05 3E-08
660 230.48 230.48 4E-05 2E-07 390.77 390.77 9E-06 2E-08
680 231.91 231.91 1E-05 4E-08 391.34 391.34 4E-05 1E-07
700 233.32 233.32 5E-05 2E-07 391.89 391.89 3E-05 8E-08
720 234.7 234.7 2E-05 9E-08 392.43 392.43 2E-05 5E-08
740 236.05 236.05 3E-05 1E-07 392.95 392.95 9E-07 2E-09
760 237.38 237.38 4E-05 2E-07 393.46 393.46 5E-05 1E-07
780 238.69 238.69 4E-05 2E-07 393.95 393.95 3E-05 9E-08
800 239.98 239.98 3E-05 1E-07 394.43 394.43 9E-06 2E-08
820 241.25 241.25 2E-05 9E-08 394.9 394.9 4E-06 1E-08
840 242.5 242.5 4E-05 2E-07 395.35 395.35 8E-06 2E-08
860 243.73 243.73 3E-05 1E-07 395.8 395.8 2E-06 5E-09
880 244.94 244.94 3E-05 1E-07 396.23 396.23 1E-05 4E-08
900 246.14 246.14 3E-05 1E-07 396.65 396.65 3E-05 8E-08
920 247.32 247.32 4E-05 2E-07 397.07 397.07 1E-05 3E-08
940 248.48 248.48 3E-05 1E-07 397.47 397.47 3E-05 8E-08
960 249.63 249.63 4E-05 2E-07 397.86 397.86 4E-05 1E-07
980 250.76 250.76 3E-07 1E-09 398.24 398.24 5E-07 1E-09
1000 251.88 251.88 7E-06 3E-08 398.62 398.62 2E-05 6E-08
1020 252.98 252.98 4E-05 2E-07 398.98 398.98 4E-05 1E-07
1040 254.07 254.07 2E-05 9E-08 399.34 399.34 9E-06 2E-08
1060 255.15 255.15 8E-06 3E-08 399.69 399.69 3E-05 8E-08
1080 256.22 256.22 2E-05 6E-08 400.03 400.03 3E-05 7E-08
1100 257.28 257.28 6E-06 3E-08 400.36 400.36 3E-05 8E-08
1120 258.32 258.32 5E-05 2E-07 400.69 400.69 4E-05 1E-07
1140 259.35 259.35 8E-06 3E-08 401.01 401.01 5E-05 1E-07
1160 260.37 260.37 2E-05 6E-08 401.32 401.32 2E-05 5E-08
1180 261.39 261.39 4E-05 1E-07 401.62 401.62 4E-05 1E-07
1200 262.39 262.39 4E-05 1E-07 401.92 401.92 1E-05 3E-08
 67

Table 4.24 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of entropy of
Refrigerant-513a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with pressure
as input.

Entropy (sf) Entropy (sg)

Pre-
ssure CRE Absolute Relative CRE Absolute Relative
SVACCSS SVACCSS
1.0 Error Error 1.0 Error Error
40 0.7607 0.7607 3E-05 5E-05 1.6774 1.6774 5E-05 3E-05
60 0.801 0.801 4E-05 5E-05 1.6693 1.6693 4E-05 2E-05
80 0.8312 0.8312 3E-05 4E-05 1.6642 1.6642 4E-05 3E-05
100 0.8556 0.8556 3E-05 3E-05 1.6608 1.6608 2E-05 1E-05
120 0.8762 0.8762 3E-05 4E-05 1.6583 1.6583 3E-05 2E-05
140 0.8942 0.8942 4E-05 5E-05 1.6565 1.6565 4E-05 3E-05
160 0.9101 0.9101 3E-05 3E-05 1.655 1.655 7E-06 4E-06
180 0.9244 0.9244 3E-05 3E-05 1.6538 1.6538 3E-05 2E-05
200 0.9375 0.9375 3E-05 3E-05 1.6529 1.6529 6E-06 4E-06
220 0.9496 0.9496 6E-06 7E-06 1.6521 1.6521 3E-05 2E-05
240 0.9608 0.9608 3E-06 3E-06 1.6515 1.6515 2E-06 1E-06
260 0.9713 0.9713 3E-05 4E-05 1.651 1.651 3E-05 2E-05
280 0.9811 0.9811 9E-07 9E-07 1.6505 1.6505 4E-05 2E-05
300 0.9904 0.9904 2E-05 2E-05 1.6502 1.6502 3E-05 2E-05
320 0.9992 0.9992 2E-05 2E-05 1.6499 1.6499 4E-05 2E-05
340 1.0075 1.0075 4E-05 4E-05 1.6496 1.6496 6E-06 4E-06
360 1.0155 1.0155 2E-05 2E-05 1.6494 1.6494 1E-05 7E-06
380 1.0232 1.0232 4E-05 4E-05 1.6492 1.6492 5E-06 3E-06
400 1.0305 1.0305 3E-05 3E-05 1.6491 1.6491 5E-05 3E-05
420 1.0375 1.0375 5E-06 5E-06 1.6489 1.6489 2E-05 1E-05
440 1.0443 1.0443 2E-05 2E-05 1.6488 1.6488 1E-05 8E-06
460 1.0508 1.0508 7E-06 6E-06 1.6487 1.6487 2E-05 1E-05
480 1.0571 1.0571 2E-05 2E-05 1.6486 1.6486 5E-05 3E-05
500 1.0632 1.0632 2E-05 2E-05 1.6486 1.6486 1E-05 9E-06
520 1.0691 1.0691 4E-05 4E-05 1.6485 1.6485 3E-05 2E-05
540 1.0749 1.0749 2E-05 2E-05 1.6485 1.6485 8E-06 5E-06
560 1.0805 1.0805 5E-05 4E-05 1.6485 1.6485 4E-05 2E-05
580 1.0859 1.0859 3E-05 2E-05 1.6484 1.6484 3E-05 2E-05
600 1.0912 1.0912 5E-05 4E-05 1.6484 1.6484 1E-05 7E-06
620 1.0963 1.0963 7E-06 6E-06 1.6484 1.6484 6E-06 3E-06
640 1.1013 1.1013 7E-06 7E-06 1.6484 1.6484 2E-05 1E-05
660 1.1062 1.1062 1E-06 1E-06 1.6484 1.6484 3E-05 2E-05
680 1.111 1.111 2E-05 2E-05 1.6484 1.6484 3E-05 2E-05
700 1.1157 1.1157 5E-05 4E-05 1.6484 1.6484 4E-05 2E-05
720 1.1202 1.1202 2E-05 2E-05 1.6484 1.6484 4E-05 3E-05
 68

740 1.1247 1.1247 1E-06 1E-06 1.6484 1.6484 5E-05 3E-05

760 1.1291 1.1291 2E-05 2E-05 1.6484 1.6484 5E-05 3E-05
780 1.1334 1.1334 3E-05 2E-05 1.6483 1.6483 5E-05 3E-05
800 1.1376 1.1376 1E-05 1E-05 1.6483 1.6483 4E-05 3E-05
820 1.1417 1.1417 2E-05 1E-05 1.6483 1.6483 4E-05 2E-05
840 1.1458 1.1458 3E-05 3E-05 1.6483 1.6483 4E-05 2E-05
860 1.1498 1.1498 5E-05 4E-05 1.6483 1.6483 3E-05 2E-05
880 1.1537 1.1537 4E-05 3E-05 1.6483 1.6483 2E-05 1E-05
900 1.1575 1.1575 1E-05 8E-06 1.6483 1.6483 2E-05 9E-06
920 1.1613 1.1613 9E-06 8E-06 1.6483 1.6483 5E-06 3E-06
940 1.165 1.165 1E-05 9E-06 1.6483 1.6483 7E-06 4E-06
960 1.1687 1.1687 3E-05 2E-05 1.6483 1.6483 2E-05 1E-05
980 1.1723 1.1723 3E-05 2E-05 1.6483 1.6483 4E-05 2E-05
1000 1.1758 1.1758 2E-05 2E-05 1.6482 1.6482 4E-05 3E-05
1020 1.1793 1.1793 2E-05 2E-05 1.6482 1.6482 2E-05 1E-05
1040 1.1828 1.1828 4E-05 3E-05 1.6482 1.6482 2E-06 1E-06
1060 1.1862 1.1862 4E-05 3E-05 1.6482 1.6482 3E-05 2E-05
1080 1.1895 1.1895 1E-05 9E-06 1.6481 1.6481 4E-05 2E-05
1100 1.1928 1.1928 1E-05 1E-05 1.6481 1.6481 9E-06 5E-06
1120 1.1961 1.1961 3E-05 2E-05 1.6481 1.6481 3E-05 2E-05
1140 1.1993 1.1993 1E-05 8E-06 1.648 1.648 3E-05 2E-05
1160 1.2025 1.2025 3E-05 3E-05 1.648 1.648 7E-06 5E-06
1180 1.2056 1.2056 2E-06 2E-06 1.6479 1.6479 5E-05 3E-05
1200 1.2087 1.2087 4E-07 3E-07 1.6479 1.6479 8E-07 5E-07
 69

Table 4.25 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of specific volume
of Refrigerant-513a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
pressure as input.

Specific Volume (Vf) Specific Volume (Vg)

Pre-
ssure CRE Absolute Relative CRE Absolute Relative
SVACCSS SVACCSS
1.0 Error Error 1.0 Error Error
40 0.0007 0.0007 3E-08 5E-05 0.422 0.422 1E-08 3E-08
60 0.0007 0.0007 7E-09 9E-06 0.2887 0.2887 4E-08 1E-07
80 0.0007 0.0007 4E-08 5E-05 0.2205 0.2205 2E-08 1E-07
100 0.0007 0.0007 2E-08 2E-05 0.1787 0.1787 3E-09 1E-08
120 0.0007 0.0007 1E-08 2E-05 0.1505 0.1505 2E-08 1E-07
140 0.0008 0.0008 2E-09 3E-06 0.1301 0.1301 6E-10 5E-09
160 0.0008 0.0008 2E-08 3E-05 0.1147 0.1147 3E-09 3E-08
180 0.0008 0.0008 5E-08 6E-05 0.1025 0.1025 9E-09 9E-08
200 0.0008 0.0008 4E-08 6E-05 0.0928 0.0928 1E-08 1E-07
220 0.0008 0.0008 5E-09 6E-06 0.0847 0.0847 1E-08 1E-07
240 0.0008 0.0008 3E-08 4E-05 0.0779 0.0779 3E-08 4E-07
260 0.0008 0.0008 3E-08 4E-05 0.0722 0.0722 2E-08 2E-07
280 0.0008 0.0008 4E-08 5E-05 0.0672 0.0672 4E-08 5E-07
300 0.0008 0.0008 3E-08 3E-05 0.0629 0.0629 3E-10 5E-09
320 0.0008 0.0008 2E-08 3E-05 0.0591 0.0591 1E-08 2E-07
340 0.0008 0.0008 3E-08 3E-05 0.0557 0.0557 4E-08 6E-07
360 0.0008 0.0008 3E-08 4E-05 0.0527 0.0527 4E-08 8E-07
380 0.0008 0.0008 3E-08 3E-05 0.05 0.05 5E-08 1E-06
400 0.0008 0.0008 4E-09 4E-06 0.0476 0.0476 2E-08 4E-07
420 0.0008 0.0008 5E-08 6E-05 0.0453 0.0453 3E-08 6E-07
440 0.0008 0.0008 3E-08 4E-05 0.0433 0.0433 2E-08 5E-07
460 0.0008 0.0008 5E-08 6E-05 0.0415 0.0415 3E-08 8E-07
480 0.0008 0.0008 2E-08 3E-05 0.0398 0.0398 3E-08 9E-07
500 0.0008 0.0008 4E-08 5E-05 0.0382 0.0382 1E-09 3E-08
520 0.0008 0.0008 7E-09 8E-06 0.0367 0.0367 1E-08 4E-07
540 0.0008 0.0008 3E-08 4E-05 0.0354 0.0354 4E-08 1E-06
560 0.0008 0.0008 2E-08 2E-05 0.0341 0.0341 2E-08 6E-07
580 0.0008 0.0008 3E-08 4E-05 0.0329 0.0329 3E-08 9E-07
600 0.0008 0.0008 2E-08 2E-05 0.0318 0.0318 1E-08 4E-07
620 0.0008 0.0008 4E-08 5E-05 0.0308 0.0308 2E-08 5E-07
640 0.0008 0.0008 1E-08 2E-05 0.0298 0.0298 2E-08 7E-07
660 0.0008 0.0008 4E-08 5E-05 0.0289 0.0289 2E-08 6E-07
680 0.0008 0.0008 4E-08 4E-05 0.028 0.028 2E-08 6E-07
700 0.0009 0.0009 1E-08 1E-05 0.0272 0.0272 4E-08 2E-06
720 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 4E-05 0.0265 0.0265 1E-08 4E-07
 70

740 0.0009 0.0009 3E-09 4E-06 0.0257 0.0257 3E-08 1E-06

760 0.0009 0.0009 1E-08 1E-05 0.025 0.025 2E-08 9E-07
780 0.0009 0.0009 5E-09 5E-06 0.0244 0.0244 8E-09 3E-07
800 0.0009 0.0009 2E-08 2E-05 0.0237 0.0237 3E-08 1E-06
820 0.0009 0.0009 5E-08 5E-05 0.0232 0.0232 6E-09 3E-07
840 0.0009 0.0009 7E-09 8E-06 0.0226 0.0226 4E-09 2E-07
860 0.0009 0.0009 3E-08 3E-05 0.022 0.022 4E-08 2E-06
880 0.0009 0.0009 5E-08 6E-05 0.0215 0.0215 1E-08 6E-07
900 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 4E-05 0.021 0.021 7E-09 4E-07
920 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 4E-05 0.0205 0.0205 2E-08 1E-06
940 0.0009 0.0009 5E-08 5E-05 0.0201 0.0201 5E-09 3E-07
960 0.0009 0.0009 3E-08 4E-05 0.0196 0.0196 3E-08 2E-06
980 0.0009 0.0009 8E-09 8E-06 0.0192 0.0192 5E-09 3E-07
1000 0.0009 0.0009 3E-08 3E-05 0.0188 0.0188 3E-08 2E-06
1020 0.0009 0.0009 3E-08 4E-05 0.0184 0.0184 5E-08 3E-06
1040 0.0009 0.0009 1E-08 2E-05 0.018 0.018 3E-08 1E-06
1060 0.0009 0.0009 3E-08 4E-05 0.0177 0.0177 5E-08 3E-06
1080 0.0009 0.0009 2E-08 3E-05 0.0173 0.0173 2E-08 1E-06
1100 0.0009 0.0009 2E-08 2E-05 0.017 0.017 2E-08 9E-07
1120 0.0009 0.0009 5E-08 5E-05 0.0166 0.0166 2E-08 1E-06
1140 0.0009 0.0009 2E-08 2E-05 0.0163 0.0163 3E-08 2E-06
1160 0.0009 0.0009 1E-08 1E-05 0.016 0.016 4E-10 2E-08
1180 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 4E-05 0.0157 0.0157 2E-08 2E-06
1200 0.0009 0.0009 3E-08 4E-05 0.0154 0.0154 3E-08 2E-06
 71

Table 4.26 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
pressure, and enthalpy of Refrigerant-513a with pressure as input
Temperature Enthalpy (hf) Enthalpy (hg)
Absolute Relative Absolute Relative Absolute Relative
Error Error Error Error Error Error
Average 2E-05 6E-07 3E-05 2E-07 2E-05 5E-08
Maximum 4E-05 1E-06 4E-05 2E-07 3E-05 8E-08
Minimum 5E-06 1E-07 1E-05 7E-08 1E-06 3E-09

Table 4.27 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
entropy of Refrigerant-513a with pressure as input
Entropy (sf) Entropy (sg)
Absolute Error Relative Error Absolute Error Relative Error
Average 3E-05 4E-05 4E-05 2E-05
Maximum 4E-05 5E-05 5E-05 3E-05
Minimum 3E-05 3E-05 2E-05 1E-05

Table 4.28 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
specific volume of Refrigerant-513a with pressure as input
Specific Volume (vf) Specific Volume (vg)
Absolute Error Relative Error Absolute Error Relative Error
Average 2E-08 3E-05 2E-08 7E-08
Maximum 4E-08 5E-05 4E-08 1E-07
Minimum 7E-09 9E-06 3E-09 1E-08

In table 4.26, the input is pressure and the average absolute error
obtained was 0.00002% and a relative error of 0.0000006%. The liquid enthalpy
(hf) has accumulated a value of 0.0.00004% in absolute error and 0.0000002%
for the relative error. For the vapor enthalpy, the average absolute error is
0.00619% and 0.0017% for the relative error.

The liquid entropy in table 4.27 has an absolute error of 5.85E-05 or an

equivalent of 0.0071% and a relative error of 0.0071%. The vapor entropy has
an irrelevant absolute error of 4.38E-05 and a relative error of 0.0026%. From
table 4.28, the specific volume (vf) the average absolute error is 3.22E-07 and
the relative error is 0.044%. The absolute error in the specific volume of vapor
has a value of 0.000104% and a relative error of 0.043%.
 72

Table 4.29 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of pressure of
Refrigerant-514a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
temperature as input.

Pressure
Temperature
CRE 1.0 SVACCSS Absolute Error Relative Error
-15 14.796 14.796 4E-05 2E-06
-14 15.589 15.589 2E-05 1E-06
-13 16.416 16.416 2E-05 1E-06
-12 17.279 17.279 6E-06 3E-07
-11 18.179 18.179 4E-05 2E-06
-10 19.118 19.118 3E-05 1E-06
-9 20.096 20.096 4E-05 2E-06
-8 21.115 21.115 4E-05 2E-06
-7 22.176 22.176 1E-05 4E-07
-6 23.28 23.28 3E-05 1E-06
-5 24.429 24.429 7E-06 3E-07
-4 25.624 25.624 2E-05 7E-07
-3 26.866 26.866 5E-06 2E-07
-2 28.158 28.158 5E-05 2E-06
-1 29.499 29.499 3E-05 1E-06
0 30.892 30.892 2E-05 7E-07
1 32.339 32.339 9E-06 3E-07
2 33.84 33.84 3E-05 8E-07
3 35.397 35.397 4E-05 1E-06
4 37.011 37.011 5E-05 1E-06
5 38.685 38.685 4E-05 1E-06
6 40.42 40.42 3E-06 7E-08
7 42.217 42.217 4E-05 1E-06
8 44.079 44.079 8E-06 2E-07
9 46.006 46.006 4E-05 8E-07
10 48.001 48.001 5E-07 1E-08
11 50.064 50.064 3E-05 7E-07
12 52.199 52.199 1E-05 2E-07
13 54.406 54.406 1E-05 2E-07
14 56.688 56.688 3E-06 5E-08
15 59.045 59.045 1E-05 2E-07
16 61.481 61.481 3E-05 5E-07
17 63.997 63.997 3E-05 5E-07
18 66.594 66.595 3E-05 4E-07
19 69.276 69.276 4E-05 6E-07
20 72.042 72.042 4E-05 6E-07
21 74.896 74.896 4E-05 5E-07
22 77.84 77.84 2E-05 2E-07
23 80.875 80.875 3E-05 4E-07
24 84.003 84.003 3E-05 4E-07
25 87.227 87.227 2E-05 3E-07
26 90.548 90.548 4E-05 4E-07
 73

27 93.969 93.969 2E-05 2E-07

28 97.492 97.492 4E-05 4E-07
29 101.12 101.12 2E-05 2E-07
30 104.85 104.85 1E-05 1E-07
31 108.69 108.69 3E-05 3E-07
32 112.64 112.64 2E-05 1E-07
33 116.7 116.7 5E-05 4E-07
34 120.88 120.88 1E-05 1E-07
35 125.18 125.18 4E-05 3E-07

Table 4.30 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of enthalpy of
Refrigerant-514a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
temperature as input.

Enthalpy (hf) Enthalpy (hg)

Temp. CRE SVACC Absolute Relative CRE SVACC Absolute Relative
1.0 SS Error Error 1.0 SS Error Error
-15 183.54 183.54 9E-06 5E-08 389.21 389.21 6E-06 1E-08
-14 184.62 184.62 6E-06 3E-08 389.93 389.94 2E-05 6E-08
-13 185.71 185.71 2E-05 1E-07 390.66 390.66 5E-05 1E-07
-12 186.8 186.8 2E-05 8E-08 391.39 391.39 7E-06 2E-08
-11 187.89 187.89 2E-05 1E-07 392.12 392.12 1E-06 3E-09
-10 188.98 188.98 3E-06 1E-08 392.84 392.84 5E-05 1E-07
-9 190.07 190.07 5E-05 2E-07 393.57 393.57 3E-05 9E-08
-8 191.17 191.17 8E-06 4E-08 394.3 394.3 2E-05 6E-08
-7 192.26 192.26 2E-05 1E-07 395.04 395.04 4E-06 1E-08
-6 193.36 193.36 4E-05 2E-07 395.77 395.77 4E-05 1E-07
-5 194.46 194.46 3E-05 2E-07 396.5 396.5 3E-05 7E-08
-4 195.57 195.57 4E-06 2E-08 397.24 397.24 2E-05 5E-08
-3 196.67 196.67 4E-05 2E-07 397.97 397.97 9E-06 2E-08
-2 197.78 197.78 2E-06 8E-09 398.71 398.71 4E-05 1E-07
-1 198.89 198.89 2E-05 8E-08 399.44 399.44 1E-05 4E-08
0 200 200 1E-12 5E-15 400.18 400.18 3E-05 8E-08
1 201.11 201.11 5E-05 2E-07 400.92 400.92 6E-06 1E-08
2 202.23 202.23 5E-05 2E-07 401.66 401.66 2E-05 4E-08
3 203.35 203.35 5E-06 2E-08 402.4 402.4 2E-05 6E-08
4 204.47 204.47 1E-05 7E-08 403.14 403.14 4E-05 1E-07
5 205.59 205.59 1E-05 5E-08 403.88 403.88 6E-06 2E-08
6 206.71 206.71 4E-05 2E-07 404.62 404.62 2E-06 4E-09
7 207.84 207.84 3E-05 1E-07 405.36 405.36 2E-05 6E-08
8 208.96 208.96 1E-05 5E-08 406.1 406.1 5E-05 1E-07
9 210.09 210.09 5E-06 3E-08 406.85 406.85 3E-05 7E-08
 74

10 211.23 211.23 3E-05 1E-07 407.59 407.59 5E-05 1E-07

11 212.36 212.36 4E-05 2E-07 408.33 408.33 2E-05 5E-08
12 213.5 213.5 2E-05 8E-08 409.08 409.08 3E-05 8E-08
13 214.64 214.64 4E-06 2E-08 409.82 409.82 1E-05 3E-08
14 215.78 215.78 3E-05 1E-07 410.57 410.57 2E-05 5E-08
15 216.92 216.92 5E-06 2E-08 411.32 411.32 2E-05 4E-08
16 218.06 218.06 4E-05 2E-07 412.06 412.06 5E-05 1E-07
17 219.21 219.21 4E-05 2E-07 412.81 412.81 2E-06 6E-09
18 220.36 220.36 1E-05 5E-08 413.56 413.56 4E-05 9E-08
19 221.51 221.51 3E-05 1E-07 414.31 414.31 5E-05 1E-07
20 222.66 222.66 3E-05 2E-07 415.05 415.05 1E-05 3E-08
21 223.82 223.82 6E-07 3E-09 415.8 415.8 2E-06 5E-09
22 224.98 224.98 2E-05 8E-08 416.55 416.55 1E-05 4E-08
23 226.14 226.14 6E-06 2E-08 417.3 417.3 5E-05 1E-07
24 227.3 227.3 5E-05 2E-07 418.05 418.05 3E-05 7E-08
25 228.47 228.47 5E-05 2E-07 418.8 418.8 2E-05 5E-08
26 229.63 229.63 9E-06 4E-08 419.55 419.55 2E-05 5E-08
27 230.8 230.8 4E-05 2E-07 420.3 420.3 2E-05 5E-08
28 231.97 231.97 3E-05 1E-07 421.05 421.05 2E-05 4E-08
29 233.15 233.15 1E-05 6E-08 421.8 421.8 5E-05 1E-07
30 234.32 234.32 1E-05 6E-08 422.55 422.55 2E-05 4E-08
31 235.5 235.5 3E-05 1E-07 423.3 423.3 4E-07 9E-10
32 236.68 236.68 5E-05 2E-07 424.05 424.05 3E-05 6E-08
33 237.87 237.87 1E-05 5E-08 424.8 424.8 2E-05 5E-08
34 239.05 239.05 1E-05 6E-08 425.55 425.55 1E-05 3E-08
35 240.24 240.24 4E-05 2E-07 426.3 426.3 3E-05 7E-08
 75

Table 4.31 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of entropy of
Refrigerant-514a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
temperature as input.

Entropy (sf) Entropy (sg)

Temp. CRE SVACC Absolute Relative CRE SVACC Absolute Relative
1.0 SS Error Error 1.0 SS Error Error
-15 0.9381 0.9381 2E-05 2E-05 1.7349 1.7349 5E-05 3E-05
-14 0.9423 0.9423 4E-05 4E-05 1.7346 1.7346 3E-05 2E-05
-13 0.9464 0.9464 4E-05 4E-05 1.7343 1.7343 2E-05 1E-05
-12 0.9506 0.9506 1E-05 1E-05 1.7341 1.7341 2E-05 9E-06
-11 0.9548 0.9548 3E-05 3E-05 1.7339 1.7339 3E-05 2E-05
-10 0.9589 0.9589 2E-05 2E-05 1.7337 1.7337 2E-05 1E-05
-9 0.9631 0.9631 3E-05 3E-05 1.7335 1.7335 1E-05 7E-06
-8 0.9672 0.9672 3E-06 3E-06 1.7334 1.7334 4E-05 2E-05
-7 0.9713 0.9713 3E-05 3E-05 1.7332 1.7332 3E-05 2E-05
-6 0.9755 0.9755 5E-05 5E-05 1.7331 1.7331 3E-05 1E-05
-5 0.9796 0.9796 4E-05 4E-05 1.733 1.733 4E-05 2E-05
-4 0.9837 0.9837 4E-05 4E-05 1.733 1.733 3E-05 2E-05
-3 0.9878 0.9878 4E-05 4E-05 1.7329 1.7329 1E-05 8E-06
-2 0.9918 0.9918 5E-05 5E-05 1.7329 1.7329 2E-05 1E-05
-1 0.9959 0.9959 3E-05 3E-05 1.7329 1.7329 3E-05 2E-05
0 1 1 1E-15 1E-15 1.7329 1.7329 3E-05 2E-05
1 1.0041 1.0041 4E-05 4E-05 1.7329 1.7329 1E-05 6E-06
2 1.0081 1.0081 2E-05 2E-05 1.7329 1.7329 3E-05 2E-05
3 1.0122 1.0122 3E-05 3E-05 1.733 1.733 2E-05 1E-05
4 1.0162 1.0162 1E-05 1E-05 1.7331 1.7331 5E-05 3E-05
5 1.0202 1.0202 5E-05 5E-05 1.7331 1.7331 4E-05 2E-05
6 1.0243 1.0243 2E-05 2E-05 1.7332 1.7332 5E-05 3E-05
7 1.0283 1.0283 2E-06 2E-06 1.7334 1.7334 4E-05 2E-05
8 1.0323 1.0323 1E-05 1E-05 1.7335 1.7335 2E-07 1E-07
9 1.0363 1.0363 2E-05 2E-05 1.7337 1.7337 5E-05 3E-05
10 1.0403 1.0403 2E-05 2E-05 1.7338 1.7338 2E-05 9E-06
11 1.0443 1.0443 1E-05 1E-05 1.734 1.734 4E-06 3E-06
12 1.0483 1.0483 3E-06 3E-06 1.7342 1.7342 1E-05 6E-06
13 1.0523 1.0523 2E-05 2E-05 1.7344 1.7344 1E-06 7E-07
14 1.0562 1.0562 5E-05 5E-05 1.7346 1.7346 2E-05 1E-05
15 1.0602 1.0602 2E-05 1E-05 1.7349 1.7349 4E-05 2E-05
16 1.0642 1.0642 2E-05 2E-05 1.7351 1.7351 8E-06 4E-06
17 1.0681 1.0681 3E-05 3E-05 1.7354 1.7354 3E-05 2E-05
18 1.0721 1.0721 2E-05 2E-05 1.7356 1.7356 5E-05 3E-05
19 1.076 1.076 2E-05 2E-05 1.7359 1.7359 3E-05 2E-05
 76

20 1.08 1.08 5E-05 4E-05 1.7362 1.7362 4E-05 2E-05

21 1.0839 1.0839 2E-05 2E-05 1.7365 1.7365 5E-05 3E-05
22 1.0878 1.0878 3E-06 2E-06 1.7369 1.7369 3E-05 1E-05
23 1.0917 1.0917 2E-05 2E-05 1.7372 1.7372 1E-05 6E-06
24 1.0956 1.0956 3E-05 3E-05 1.7376 1.7376 4E-05 2E-05
25 1.0995 1.0995 3E-05 3E-05 1.7379 1.7379 2E-05 1E-05
26 1.1034 1.1034 3E-05 3E-05 1.7383 1.7383 1E-05 6E-06
27 1.1073 1.1073 3E-05 2E-05 1.7387 1.7387 3E-05 2E-05
28 1.1112 1.1112 1E-05 1E-05 1.7391 1.7391 4E-05 2E-05
29 1.1151 1.1151 4E-06 3E-06 1.7395 1.7395 3E-05 2E-05
30 1.119 1.119 3E-05 2E-05 1.7399 1.7399 2E-05 1E-05
31 1.1228 1.1228 4E-05 4E-05 1.7403 1.7403 3E-06 2E-06
32 1.1267 1.1267 1E-05 9E-06 1.7407 1.7407 4E-05 2E-05
33 1.1306 1.1306 3E-05 3E-05 1.7412 1.7412 2E-05 1E-05
34 1.1344 1.1344 3E-05 2E-05 1.7416 1.7416 3E-05 2E-05
35 1.1383 1.1383 2E-05 2E-05 1.7421 1.7421 2E-07 1E-07

Table 4.32 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of specific volume
of Refrigerant-514a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
temperature as input.

Specific Volume (Vf) Specific Volume (Vg)

Temp. CRE SVACC Absolute Relative CRE SVACC Absolute Relative
1.0 SS Error Error 1.0 SS Error Error
-15 0.0007 0.0007 4E-07 0.0006 1.0293 1.0293 6E-08 5E-08
-14 0.0007 0.0007 4E-07 0.0005 0.9802 0.9802 1E-07 1E-07
-13 0.0007 0.0007 3E-07 0.0005 0.9339 0.9339 2E-07 2E-07
-12 0.0007 0.0007 3E-07 0.0004 0.8901 0.8901 5E-07 6E-07
-11 0.0007 0.0007 2E-07 0.0003 0.8488 0.8488 3E-09 3E-09
-10 0.0007 0.0007 2E-07 0.0002 0.8098 0.8098 4E-07 5E-07
-9 0.0007 0.0007 1E-07 0.0001 0.7729 0.7729 4E-07 6E-07
-8 0.0007 0.0007 1E-08 2E-05 0.7379 0.7379 5E-07 6E-07
-7 0.0007 0.0007 7E-08 0.0001 0.7049 0.7049 6E-08 8E-08
-6 0.0007 0.0007 2E-07 0.0002 0.6736 0.6736 2E-07 4E-07
-5 0.0007 0.0007 3E-07 0.0004 0.6439 0.6439 2E-07 3E-07
-4 0.0007 0.0007 4E-07 0.0005 0.6158 0.6158 3E-07 5E-07
-3 0.0007 0.0007 5E-07 0.0007 0.5891 0.5891 7E-08 1E-07
-2 0.0007 0.0007 4E-07 0.0005 0.5639 0.5639 4E-07 7E-07
-1 0.0007 0.0007 2E-07 0.0003 0.5399 0.5399 1E-07 2E-07
 77

0 0.0007 0.0007 7E-08 1E-04 0.5171 0.5171 4E-07 9E-07

1 0.0007 0.0007 8E-08 0.0001 0.4954 0.4954 1E-07 2E-07
2 0.0007 0.0007 2E-07 0.0003 0.4749 0.4749 2E-08 3E-08
3 0.0007 0.0007 4E-07 0.0006 0.4553 0.4553 3E-07 6E-07
4 0.0007 0.0007 4E-07 0.0005 0.4367 0.4367 5E-07 1E-06
5 0.0007 0.0007 2E-07 0.0003 0.4191 0.4191 4E-07 9E-07
6 0.0007 0.0007 3E-09 4E-06 0.4022 0.4022 2E-07 6E-07
7 0.0007 0.0007 2E-07 0.0003 0.3862 0.3862 3E-07 7E-07
8 0.0007 0.0007 4E-07 0.0006 0.371 0.371 4E-07 1E-06
9 0.0007 0.0007 3E-07 0.0005 0.3564 0.3564 5E-07 1E-06
10 0.0007 0.0007 1E-07 0.0001 0.3426 0.3426 4E-07 1E-06
11 0.0007 0.0007 1E-07 0.0002 0.3293 0.3293 4E-07 1E-06
12 0.0007 0.0007 4E-07 0.0005 0.3167 0.3167 1E-07 3E-07
13 0.0007 0.0007 3E-07 0.0004 0.3047 0.3047 5E-07 2E-06
14 0.0007 0.0007 5E-08 7E-05 0.2932 0.2932 3E-07 1E-06
15 0.0007 0.0007 2E-07 0.0003 0.2823 0.2823 2E-07 6E-07
16 0.0007 0.0008 5E-07 0.0006 0.2718 0.2718 1E-07 5E-07
17 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0002 0.2618 0.2618 4E-07 2E-06
18 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0002 0.2522 0.2522 5E-07 2E-06
19 0.0008 0.0008 5E-07 0.0007 0.2431 0.2431 3E-07 1E-06
20 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0002 0.2343 0.2343 4E-07 2E-06
21 0.0008 0.0008 2E-07 0.0003 0.2259 0.2259 3E-07 1E-06
22 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0006 0.2179 0.2179 2E-07 1E-06
23 0.0008 0.0008 6E-08 8E-05 0.2102 0.2102 3E-07 1E-06
24 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0004 0.2029 0.2029 1E-08 5E-08
25 0.0008 0.0008 3E-07 0.0004 0.1959 0.1959 3E-08 2E-07
26 0.0008 0.0008 1E-07 0.0002 0.1891 0.1891 2E-07 1E-06
27 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0006 0.1826 0.1826 5E-07 3E-06
28 0.0008 0.0008 2E-11 3E-08 0.1764 0.1764 5E-07 3E-06
29 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0006 0.1705 0.1705 4E-07 3E-06
30 0.0008 0.0008 9E-08 0.0001 0.1648 0.1648 3E-07 2E-06
31 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0005 0.1593 0.1593 2E-07 1E-06
32 0.0008 0.0008 1E-07 0.0002 0.154 0.154 2E-07 1E-06
33 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0005 0.149 0.149 2E-07 1E-06
34 0.0008 0.0008 1E-07 0.0002 0.1441 0.1441 2E-07 2E-06
35 0.0008 0.0008 4E-07 0.0005 0.1395 0.1395 1E-07 1E-06
.
 78

Table 4.33 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
pressure, and enthalpy of Refrigerant-514a with temperature as input
Pressure Enthalpy (hf) Enthalpy (hg)
Absolute Relative Absolute Relative Absolute Relative
Error Error Error Error Error Error
Average 3E-05 7E-07 2E-05 1E-07 2E-05 6E-08
Maximum 5E-05 2E-06 5E-05 2E-07 5E-05 1E-07
Minimum 5E-07 1E-08 1E-12 5E-15 4E-07 9E-10

Table 4.34 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
entropy of Refrigerant-514a with temperature as input
Entropy (sf) Entropy (sg)
Absolute Error Relative Error Absolute Error Relative Error
Average 3E-05 2E-05 3E-05 1E-05
Maximum 5E-05 5E-05 5E-05 3E-05
Minimum 1E-15 1E-15 2E-07 1E-07

Table 4.35 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
specific volume of Refrigerant-514a with temperature as input
Specific Volume (vf) Specific Volume (vg)
Absolute Error Relative Error Absolute Error Relative Error
Average 3E-07 0.0003 3E-07 9E-07
Maximum 5E-07 0.0007 5E-07 3E-06
Minimum 2E-11 3E-08 3E-09 3E-09

In table 4.33 of Refrigerant-514a, when the input is temperature, the

average absolute error is 2.56E-05 and the average relative error is
0.000096%. The liquid enthalpy has an average absolute error of 2.17E-05 and
a relative error of 0.000011%. The vapor enthalpy on the other hand has an
average absolute error of 2.61E-05 or 0.0000261% and a relative error of
0.000007%.
With temperature as an input, the entropy (sf) in table 4.34 has an
average absolute error of 2.35E-05 and a relative error of 0.00236%. The
average absolute temperature of the vapor entropy is 2.23E-05 and the relative
error is 0.00129%. The specific volume (vf) in table 4.35 has an average
absolute error of 2.51E-07 and a relative error of 0.0344%. The vapor specific
volume has an average absolute error of 2.69E-07 and a relative error of
0.000057%.
 79

Table 4.36 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of pressure of
Refrigerant-514a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with pressure
as input.

Temperature
Pressure
CRE 1.0 SVACCSS Absolute Error Relative Error
40 5.761 5.761 9E-06 2E-06
60 15.396 15.396 5E-05 3E-06
80 22.715 22.715 1E-05 6E-07
100 28.695 28.695 1E-05 5E-07
120 33.791 33.791 3E-05 1E-06
140 38.257 38.257 3E-05 7E-07
160 42.246 42.246 3E-05 7E-07
180 45.863 45.863 5E-05 1E-06
200 49.179 49.18 4E-05 8E-07
220 52.247 52.247 2E-05 5E-07
240 55.105 55.105 2E-05 3E-07
260 57.785 57.785 3E-05 6E-07
280 60.31 60.31 3E-07 5E-09
300 62.7 62.7 5E-05 8E-07
320 64.97 64.97 2E-05 3E-07
340 67.133 67.133 7E-06 1E-07
360 69.201 69.201 5E-05 7E-07
380 71.183 71.183 3E-06 5E-08
400 73.086 73.086 3E-06 4E-08
420 74.918 74.918 3E-06 4E-08
440 76.685 76.685 3E-05 4E-07
460 78.391 78.391 2E-05 3E-07
480 80.042 80.042 4E-05 5E-07
500 81.642 81.642 4E-05 5E-07
520 83.193 83.193 2E-05 2E-07
540 84.7 84.7 2E-05 2E-07
560 86.164 86.164 5E-05 5E-07
580 87.59 87.59 5E-06 6E-08
600 88.979 88.979 4E-05 4E-07
620 90.333 90.333 9E-06 1E-07
640 91.654 91.655 3E-05 3E-07
660 92.945 92.945 2E-05 2E-07
680 94.206 94.206 6E-06 6E-08
700 95.44 95.44 1E-07 1E-09
720 96.647 96.647 3E-05 3E-07
740 97.829 97.829 4E-05 4E-07
760 98.987 98.987 2E-05 3E-07
780 100.12 100.12 2E-05 2E-07
800 101.24 101.24 4E-06 4E-08
820 102.33 102.33 1E-05 1E-07
840 103.4 103.4 2E-05 2E-07
860 104.45 104.45 4E-05 3E-07
 80

880 105.49 105.49 6E-06 6E-08

900 106.51 106.51 4E-05 4E-07
920 107.51 107.51 2E-05 2E-07
940 108.49 108.49 4E-06 4E-08
960 109.46 109.46 4E-05 4E-07
980 110.42 110.42 4E-05 4E-07
1000 111.35 111.35 8E-06 7E-08
1020 112.28 112.28 5E-05 4E-07
1040 113.19 113.19 1E-05 1E-07
1060 114.09 114.09 3E-05 3E-07
1080 114.97 114.97 4E-05 3E-07
1100 115.85 115.85 4E-05 4E-07
1120 116.71 116.71 3E-05 3E-07
1140 117.56 117.56 3E-05 2E-07
1160 118.4 118.4 2E-05 1E-07
1180 119.22 119.22 2E-06 1E-08
1200 120.04 120.04 4E-05 3E-07
 81

Table 4.37 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of enthalpy of
Refrigerant-514a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with pressure
as input.

Enthalpy (hf) Enthalpy (hg)

Pre-
ssure CRE SVACC Absolute Relative CRE SVACC Absolute Relative
1.0 SS Error Error 1.0 SS Error Error
40 206.44 206.44 1E-05 6E-08 404.44 404.44 2E-05 6E-08
60 217.37 217.37 4E-06 2E-08 411.61 411.61 1E-05 3E-08
80 225.81 225.81 4E-05 2E-07 417.09 417.09 4E-05 9E-08
100 232.79 232.79 3E-05 1E-07 421.57 421.57 2E-05 6E-08
120 238.8 238.8 2E-06 8E-09 425.4 425.4 2E-05 4E-08
140 244.12 244.12 5E-05 2E-07 428.75 428.75 3E-05 8E-08
160 248.92 248.92 4E-05 2E-07 431.74 431.74 2E-05 4E-08
180 253.3 253.3 9E-06 3E-08 434.45 434.45 4E-05 9E-08
200 257.35 257.35 4E-05 1E-07 436.93 436.93 4E-05 9E-08
220 261.12 261.12 5E-05 2E-07 439.22 439.22 2E-05 5E-08
240 264.65 264.65 3E-05 1E-07 441.35 441.35 4E-05 9E-08
260 267.98 267.98 8E-06 3E-08 443.34 443.34 4E-05 1E-07
280 271.14 271.14 1E-05 5E-08 445.21 445.21 5E-06 1E-08
300 274.15 274.15 3E-05 1E-07 446.98 446.98 2E-05 4E-08
320 277.02 277.02 3E-05 1E-07 448.65 448.65 2E-05 4E-08
340 279.78 279.78 4E-06 1E-08 450.24 450.24 2E-05 5E-08
360 282.42 282.42 7E-06 3E-08 451.75 451.75 1E-05 3E-08
380 284.97 284.97 5E-05 2E-07 453.2 453.2 3E-05 7E-08
400 287.43 287.43 6E-07 2E-09 454.58 454.58 3E-05 6E-08
420 289.8 289.8 3E-05 1E-07 455.91 455.91 2E-05 4E-08
440 292.11 292.11 2E-05 8E-08 457.18 457.18 1E-06 3E-09
460 294.34 294.34 2E-05 5E-08 458.41 458.41 3E-05 6E-08
480 296.51 296.51 2E-05 5E-08 459.59 459.59 4E-05 9E-08
500 298.62 298.62 5E-06 2E-08 460.73 460.73 2E-05 5E-08
520 300.68 300.68 5E-05 2E-07 461.83 461.83 1E-05 3E-08
540 302.69 302.69 4E-05 1E-07 462.9 462.9 5E-05 1E-07
560 304.65 304.65 3E-05 1E-07 463.93 463.93 2E-05 5E-08
580 306.56 306.56 2E-05 6E-08 464.93 464.93 5E-05 1E-07
600 308.44 308.44 1E-05 4E-08 465.9 465.9 4E-05 8E-08
620 310.27 310.27 1E-05 4E-08 466.84 466.84 6E-06 1E-08
640 312.07 312.07 3E-05 1E-07 467.76 467.76 1E-06 2E-09
660 313.83 313.83 4E-05 1E-07 468.65 468.65 3E-05 6E-08
 82

680 315.56 315.56 1E-05 4E-08 469.51 469.51 5E-05 1E-07

700 317.26 317.26 4E-05 1E-07 470.35 470.35 3E-05 5E-08
720 318.93 318.93 2E-05 6E-08 471.17 471.17 3E-05 7E-08
740 320.57 320.57 4E-05 1E-07 471.97 471.97 4E-05 8E-08
760 322.18 322.18 2E-05 6E-08 472.75 472.75 2E-05 4E-08
780 323.77 323.77 3E-05 8E-08 473.51 473.51 4E-05 9E-08
800 325.33 325.33 4E-05 1E-07 474.25 474.25 4E-05 8E-08
820 326.87 326.87 5E-06 2E-08 474.97 474.97 3E-05 6E-08
840 328.39 328.39 6E-06 2E-08 475.67 475.67 4E-05 9E-08
860 329.88 329.88 2E-06 7E-09 476.36 476.36 4E-05 9E-08
880 331.36 331.36 4E-05 1E-07 477.04 477.04 3E-05 5E-08
900 332.81 332.81 3E-05 8E-08 477.69 477.69 4E-05 9E-08
920 334.25 334.25 2E-07 5E-10 478.34 478.34 3E-05 7E-08
940 335.67 335.67 2E-05 5E-08 478.96 478.96 1E-05 3E-08
960 337.07 337.07 4E-05 1E-07 479.58 479.58 2E-05 4E-08
980 338.46 338.46 4E-05 1E-07 480.18 480.18 4E-05 9E-08
1000 339.83 339.83 4E-05 1E-07 480.77 480.77 1E-05 3E-08
1020 341.18 341.18 3E-05 9E-08 481.34 481.34 1E-05 2E-08
1040 342.52 342.52 8E-06 2E-08 481.91 481.91 1E-05 3E-08
1060 343.85 343.85 3E-05 9E-08 482.46 482.46 3E-06 6E-09
1080 345.16 345.16 2E-05 6E-08 483 483 2E-05 5E-08
1100 346.46 346.46 2E-05 5E-08 483.53 483.53 4E-05 8E-08
1120 347.75 347.75 5E-05 1E-07 484.04 484.04 2E-05 5E-08
1140 349.02 349.02 2E-05 6E-08 484.55 484.55 3E-05 7E-08
1160 350.28 350.28 4E-05 1E-07 485.05 485.05 4E-05 8E-08
1180 351.53 351.53 3E-05 9E-08 485.53 485.53 7E-06 1E-08
1200 352.77 352.77 3E-05 1E-07 486.01 486.01 3E-05 7E-08
 83

Table 4.38 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of entropy of
Refrigerant-514a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with pressure
as input.

Entropy (sf) Entropy (sg)

Pre-
ssure CRE SVACC Absolute Relative CRE SVACC Absolute Relative
1.0 SS Error Error 1.0 SS Error Error
40 1.0233 1.0233 1E-05 1E-05 1.7332 1.7332 2E-05 1E-05
60 1.0618 1.0618 2E-05 2E-05 1.735 1.735 4E-05 3E-05
80 1.0906 1.0906 3E-06 2E-06 1.7371 1.7371 1E-05 8E-06
100 1.1139 1.1139 1E-05 1E-05 1.7393 1.7393 4E-05 2E-05
120 1.1336 1.1336 2E-05 2E-05 1.7415 1.7415 4E-05 2E-05
140 1.1508 1.1508 2E-05 2E-05 1.7437 1.7437 4E-05 3E-05
160 1.166 1.166 3E-05 3E-05 1.7457 1.7457 1E-05 6E-06
180 1.1798 1.1798 6E-06 5E-06 1.7476 1.7476 4E-05 2E-05
200 1.1924 1.1924 4E-05 3E-05 1.7495 1.7495 7E-06 4E-06
220 1.204 1.204 5E-05 4E-05 1.7513 1.7513 4E-06 2E-06
240 1.2147 1.2147 2E-05 1E-05 1.753 1.753 1E-05 7E-06
260 1.2248 1.2248 2E-05 1E-05 1.7547 1.7547 4E-05 2E-05
280 1.2342 1.2342 5E-05 4E-05 1.7562 1.7562 4E-05 3E-05
300 1.2432 1.2432 2E-05 1E-05 1.7578 1.7578 3E-05 2E-05
320 1.2517 1.2517 4E-05 3E-05 1.7592 1.7592 4E-05 2E-05
340 1.2597 1.2597 2E-05 2E-05 1.7607 1.7607 4E-05 2E-05
360 1.2674 1.2674 2E-05 2E-05 1.762 1.762 3E-05 1E-05
380 1.2748 1.2748 1E-05 8E-06 1.7633 1.7633 5E-05 3E-05
400 1.2819 1.2819 4E-05 3E-05 1.7646 1.7646 3E-05 2E-05
420 1.2887 1.2887 4E-05 3E-05 1.7659 1.7659 3E-05 2E-05
440 1.2952 1.2952 7E-06 5E-06 1.7671 1.7671 3E-05 2E-05
460 1.3015 1.3015 3E-05 2E-05 1.7682 1.7682 4E-05 2E-05
480 1.3076 1.3076 4E-05 3E-05 1.7694 1.7694 3E-05 2E-05
500 1.3136 1.3136 4E-05 3E-05 1.7705 1.7705 3E-05 2E-05
520 1.3193 1.3193 4E-07 3E-07 1.7715 1.7715 3E-05 2E-05
540 1.3249 1.3249 3E-05 2E-05 1.7726 1.7726 3E-05 2E-05
560 1.3303 1.3303 1E-05 9E-06 1.7736 1.7736 2E-05 1E-05
580 1.3356 1.3356 4E-05 3E-05 1.7746 1.7746 4E-05 2E-05
600 1.3407 1.3407 6E-06 4E-06 1.7755 1.7755 2E-05 1E-05
620 1.3457 1.3457 1E-06 8E-07 1.7764 1.7764 5E-05 3E-05
640 1.3506 1.3506 1E-05 9E-06 1.7774 1.7774 5E-05 3E-05
660 1.3554 1.3554 4E-05 3E-05 1.7782 1.7782 4E-05 2E-05
 84

680 1.36 1.36 3E-05 2E-05 1.7791 1.7791 4E-06 2E-06

700 1.3646 1.3646 8E-06 6E-06 1.7799 1.7799 3E-05 2E-05
720 1.3691 1.3691 4E-05 3E-05 1.7808 1.7808 5E-05 3E-05
740 1.3734 1.3734 4E-05 3E-05 1.7816 1.7816 5E-05 3E-05
760 1.3777 1.3777 3E-05 2E-05 1.7823 1.7823 3E-05 2E-05
780 1.3819 1.3819 4E-05 3E-05 1.7831 1.7831 1E-05 7E-06
800 1.3861 1.3861 3E-05 2E-05 1.7838 1.7838 3E-05 2E-05
820 1.3901 1.3901 3E-05 2E-05 1.7846 1.7846 5E-05 3E-05
840 1.3941 1.3941 1E-05 1E-05 1.7853 1.7853 4E-05 2E-05
860 1.398 1.398 3E-05 2E-05 1.7859 1.7859 5E-05 3E-05
880 1.4019 1.4019 1E-05 1E-05 1.7866 1.7866 2E-05 1E-05
900 1.4057 1.4057 2E-05 2E-05 1.7873 1.7873 3E-05 1E-05
920 1.4094 1.4094 9E-06 6E-06 1.7879 1.7879 1E-05 8E-06
940 1.4131 1.4131 2E-05 1E-05 1.7885 1.7885 4E-05 2E-05
960 1.4167 1.4167 3E-06 2E-06 1.7892 1.7892 5E-05 3E-05
980 1.4203 1.4203 3E-05 2E-05 1.7897 1.7897 5E-05 3E-05
1000 1.4238 1.4238 1E-05 8E-06 1.7903 1.7903 3E-05 2E-05
1020 1.4273 1.4273 4E-05 3E-05 1.7909 1.7909 4E-06 2E-06
1040 1.4307 1.4307 2E-05 1E-05 1.7914 1.7914 5E-05 3E-05
1060 1.4341 1.4341 4E-05 3E-05 1.792 1.792 1E-05 6E-06
1080 1.4374 1.4374 1E-05 7E-06 1.7925 1.7925 2E-05 1E-05
1100 1.4407 1.4407 2E-05 1E-05 1.793 1.793 3E-05 2E-05
1120 1.4439 1.4439 3E-05 2E-05 1.7935 1.7935 3E-05 2E-05
1140 1.4471 1.4471 5E-05 3E-05 1.794 1.794 2E-05 1E-05
1160 1.4503 1.4503 2E-05 2E-05 1.7945 1.7945 3E-07 2E-07
1180 1.4535 1.4535 4E-05 2E-05 1.795 1.795 4E-05 2E-05
1200 1.4566 1.4566 3E-05 2E-05 1.7954 1.7954 2E-05 1E-05
 85

Table 4.39 Data gathered with absolute and relative errors of specific volume
of Refrigerant-514a obtained from SVACCSS and CRE 1.0 software with
pressure as input.

Specific Volume (Vf) Specific Volume (Vg)

Pre-
ssure CRE SVACC Absolute Relative CRE SVACC Absolute Relative
1.0 SS Error Error 1.0 SS Error Error
40 0.0007 0.0007 9E-09 1E-05 0.4061 0.4061 4E-08 1E-07
60 0.0007 0.0007 5E-08 6E-05 0.2781 0.2781 2E-09 7E-09
80 0.0008 0.0008 5E-08 6E-05 0.2124 0.2124 1E-08 6E-08
100 0.0008 0.0008 5E-09 6E-06 0.1723 0.1723 3E-08 2E-07
120 0.0008 0.0008 3E-08 4E-05 0.1451 0.1451 3E-08 2E-07
140 0.0008 0.0008 2E-08 3E-05 0.1255 0.1255 2E-08 2E-07
160 0.0008 0.0008 3E-09 4E-06 0.1106 0.1106 2E-09 1E-08
180 0.0008 0.0008 3E-08 3E-05 0.0989 0.0989 4E-08 4E-07
200 0.0008 0.0008 4E-08 5E-05 0.0895 0.0895 4E-08 4E-07
220 0.0008 0.0008 2E-09 3E-06 0.0817 0.0817 3E-08 3E-07
240 0.0008 0.0008 3E-08 4E-05 0.0752 0.0752 2E-08 2E-07
260 0.0008 0.0008 1E-08 2E-05 0.0697 0.0697 6E-09 9E-08
280 0.0008 0.0008 2E-08 3E-05 0.0649 0.0649 2E-08 4E-07
300 0.0008 0.0008 3E-08 3E-05 0.0607 0.0607 3E-08 5E-07
320 0.0008 0.0008 4E-08 5E-05 0.057 0.057 5E-08 9E-07
340 0.0008 0.0008 2E-08 2E-05 0.0538 0.0538 2E-08 4E-07
360 0.0008 0.0008 9E-09 1E-05 0.0509 0.0509 2E-08 4E-07
380 0.0008 0.0008 5E-08 6E-05 0.0483 0.0483 3E-08 5E-07
400 0.0008 0.0008 2E-08 2E-05 0.0459 0.0459 6E-09 1E-07
420 0.0009 0.0009 2E-08 3E-05 0.0438 0.0438 1E-08 3E-07
440 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 4E-05 0.0418 0.0418 4E-08 1E-06
460 0.0009 0.0009 5E-08 6E-05 0.04 0.04 2E-11 4E-10
480 0.0009 0.0009 1E-08 1E-05 0.0384 0.0384 3E-08 7E-07
500 0.0009 0.0009 2E-08 2E-05 0.0368 0.0368 2E-09 5E-08
520 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 4E-05 0.0354 0.0354 4E-08 1E-06
540 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 5E-05 0.0341 0.0341 4E-08 1E-06
560 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 5E-05 0.0329 0.0329 2E-08 7E-07
580 0.0009 0.0009 3E-09 4E-06 0.0318 0.0318 1E-08 3E-07
600 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 4E-05 0.0307 0.0307 2E-08 8E-07
620 0.0009 0.0009 5E-08 6E-05 0.0297 0.0297 1E-08 5E-07
640 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 5E-05 0.0288 0.0288 4E-08 1E-06
660 0.0009 0.0009 2E-08 2E-05 0.0279 0.0279 2E-08 8E-07
680 0.0009 0.0009 3E-08 3E-05 0.027 0.027 3E-08 9E-07
 86

700 0.0009 0.0009 2E-08 2E-05 0.0262 0.0262 4E-08 2E-06

720 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 5E-05 0.0255 0.0255 4E-09 2E-07
740 0.0009 0.0009 2E-08 2E-05 0.0248 0.0248 4E-08 1E-06
760 0.0009 0.0009 1E-09 1E-06 0.0241 0.0241 5E-08 2E-06
780 0.0009 0.0009 1E-08 2E-05 0.0235 0.0235 2E-08 9E-07
800 0.0009 0.0009 2E-08 3E-05 0.0229 0.0229 8E-09 4E-07
820 0.0009 0.0009 3E-08 3E-05 0.0223 0.0223 7E-09 3E-07
840 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 4E-05 0.0217 0.0217 4E-08 2E-06
860 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 4E-05 0.0212 0.0212 3E-09 1E-07
880 0.0009 0.0009 5E-08 5E-05 0.0207 0.0207 3E-08 1E-06
900 0.0009 0.0009 4E-08 4E-05 0.0202 0.0202 4E-08 2E-06
920 0.0009 0.0009 3E-08 3E-05 0.0197 0.0197 3E-08 1E-06
940 0.001 0.001 6E-09 6E-06 0.0193 0.0193 5E-08 2E-06
960 0.001 0.001 2E-08 2E-05 0.0189 0.0189 4E-08 2E-06
980 0.001 0.001 4E-08 5E-05 0.0184 0.0184 3E-08 2E-06
1000 0.001 0.001 7E-10 7E-07 0.018 0.018 3E-08 2E-06
1020 0.001 0.001 5E-08 5E-05 0.0177 0.0177 3E-08 2E-06
1040 0.001 0.001 2E-08 2E-05 0.0173 0.0173 2E-08 1E-06
1060 0.001 0.001 6E-09 7E-06 0.0169 0.0169 2E-08 1E-06
1080 0.001 0.001 2E-08 2E-05 0.0166 0.0166 3E-08 2E-06
1100 0.001 0.001 1E-08 1E-05 0.0163 0.0163 4E-08 3E-06
1120 0.001 0.001 5E-09 5E-06 0.0159 0.0159 2E-08 1E-06
1140 0.001 0.001 4E-08 4E-05 0.0156 0.0156 7E-09 5E-07
1160 0.001 0.001 1E-08 1E-05 0.0153 0.0153 4E-08 3E-06
1180 0.001 0.001 4E-08 4E-05 0.015 0.015 4E-08 2E-06
1200 0.001 0.001 5E-08 5E-05 0.0148 0.0148 5E-08 3E-06
 87

Table 4.40 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
pressure, and enthalpy of Refrigerant-514a with pressure as input
Temperature Enthalpy (hf) Enthalpy (hg)
Absolute Relative Absolute Relative Absolute Relative
Error Error Error Error Error Error
Average 2E-05 1E-06 2E-05 9E-08 3E-05 6E-08
Maximum 5E-05 3E-06 4E-05 2E-07 4E-05 9E-08
Minimum 9E-06 5E-07 4E-06 2E-08 1E-05 3E-08

Table 4.41 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
entropy of Refrigerant-514a with pressure as input
Entropy (sf) Entropy (sg)
Absolute Error Relative Error Absolute Error Relative Error
Average 1E-05 1E-05 3E-05 2E-05
Maximum 2E-05 2E-05 4E-05 3E-05
Minimum 3E-06 2E-06 1E-05 8E-06

Table 4.42 Average, maximum and minimum of absolute and relative error of
specific volume of Refrigerant-514a with pressure as input
Specific Volume (vf) Specific Volume (vg)
Absolute Error Relative Error Absolute Error Relative Error
Average 3E-08 4E-05 2E-08 9E-08
Maximum 5E-08 6E-05 4E-08 2E-07
Minimum 5E-09 6E-06 2E-09 7E-09

With pressure as an input in table 4.40, the temperature has an average

absolute error of 6.59E-05 and an average relative error of 0.00032%. The
liquid enthalpy has an average absolute and relative error of 3.67E-05 and
0.000016% respectively. The vapor enthalpy has an insignificant absolute error
of 3.07E-05 and a relative error of 0.0000074%.

As shown in table 4.41, the average absolute error of the entropy (sf) is
1.15E-05 and its relative error is 0.00108%. On the other hand in table 4.42,
the vapor entropy (sg) has an absolute error of 3.03E-05 and relative error of
0.00174%. For the specific volume (vf) of the Refrigerant-514a when the input
in pressure, the average absolute error is 2.49E-07 or 0.000000249% and an
 88

average relative error of 0.03332%. The specific volume of the vapor has an
absolute error of 5.24E-07 and a relative error of 0.00024%.

In the saturation pressure of Refrigerant-1234yf, a relative error of

8.02321E-08 or an equivalent of 0.0000802321% was accumulated. For the
saturation temperature of the same refrigerant, a small difference was
calculated with a value of 1.588833E-06 or an equivalent of 0.00001588833%.
The relative error of the enthalpy (hf) with the temperature as its input is
1.29593E-07 which has a minor difference compared to the enthalpy (hf) with
the pressure as its input having value of 1.10108E-07. For the enthalpy (hg),
the average relative errors were 6.95325E-08 and 8.14822E-08 with
temperature and pressure as its inputs respectively. There was negligible
difference of values with the entropy (sf) for both inputs which are 2.565E-05
for the temperature as input and 2.486E-05 with the pressure as input. The
same applies to the entropy (sg) having the values of 1.471E-05 and 1.343E-
05, to the specific volume (vf) with percent error of 0.034013% and 0.033103%,
and (vg) with percent error of 0.00052% and 0.001391% which can all be
disregarded.

For the Refrigerant-513a with temperature as its input has a relative error
of 7.91745E-08 and the relative error with pressure as its input has a higher
average relative error of 2.728E-04. The enthalpy (hf) in the temperature input
has a slightly different percent error value compared to the pressure, these are
0.00000012% and 0.0000745% respectively. The same matter was also found
in the enthalpy (hg) of both inputs which are 6.83071E-08 and 1.74435E-05,
with an insignificant difference. With the entropy (sf) of the temperature input, it
is insignificantly higher than the entropy (sf) with the pressure input. For the
entropy (sg) of the Refrigerant-513a there is also an irrelevant difference of the
percent error, which are 0.000015% and 0.0000262%. The specific volume (vf)
of the temperature as input has an average relative error of 3.74E-04 and
 89

4.43E-04 when the pressure was inputted. With the same sequence, relative
error of specific volume (vg) was 4.3E-06 and 4.34E-04 respectively.

The average relative error of the Refrigerant-514a when the temperature

was inputted is 9.55171E-07 which is equivalent to 0.00000095%, and when
the pressure is used, the average relative error is 3.21238E-06 or 0.0000032%.
The enthalpy (hf) for both temperature and pressure inputs were almost
identical with percent errors of 0.00000010% and 0.00000016% respectively.
For enthalpy (hg), irrelative distant values were obtained with relative errors of
6.52336E-08 and 7.41161E-08. The entropy (sf) of temperature inputted is
0.000023% and 0.000010%, and entropy (sg) has 0.000012% and 0.000017%
percent errors. An insignificant difference for the values of specific volume (vf)
and (vg) were also acquired.
 90

V. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

The development of software capable of solving key thermodynamic

parameters of refrigerants, such as enthalpy, entropy, refrigerating effect,
condenser heat, and COP, has eliminated the need for traditional tables and
interpolation methods. This advancement allows for more accurate and reliable
results and provides instructors with a valuable tool for exposing students to a
wide variety of problems and applications. Its development represents a
significant achievement in refrigeration engineering and optimization, offering
the potential for industry-wide benefits. The software's ability to provide precise
and in-depth analysis of refrigerants, including R-513a, R-514a, and R1234yf,
contributes to improving the performance and efficiency of cooling systems.

Refrigeration calculations are inevitable when creating any machine or

tool for industrial processes, food preservation, water chillers, etc. Computer
software, such as the Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Analysis Simulation
Software (SVACCSS), reduces the time and effort required to solve equations
by offering the necessary values from the thermodynamic property tables of R-
1234yf, R-153a, and R-514a. This tool can be used for educational purposes in
the field of mechanical engineering and as a computational tool for anyone
interested in refrigeration. It is also helpful for aspiring researchers who want to
contribute to the study of refrigeration and for the academe in general.

The software has accumulated a maximum error of 0.014% in the

Refrigerant-1234yf relative to the software CRE 1.0. For R-513a and R-514a,
maximum error of 0.0002% and 0.000019% were obtained respectively. In this
study, it was concluded that the SVACCSS can solve for the enthalpy, entropy,
refrigerating effect, condenser heat, and COP of standard vapor compression
cycle of refrigerants R-1234yf, R-513a, and R-514a. All parameters having a
maximum error of less than 0.1% based on the property tables of CRE 1.0. The
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software's resilience and capability make it accessible to professionals

worldwide, providing reliable and accurate results in both English and SI units.

Based on the results of the study, the following are recommended:

1. Adding more refrigerant to the program with the purpose to more

refrigerant selection and adding resilience to the software.

2. Increasing the temperature and pressure ranges of different

refrigerants in the software.
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References

BORDO, C., et al. (2020). Computer Software for Standard Vapor Compression
Cycle Refrigeration Analysis. [UNDERGRADUATE THESIS, CENTRAL
MINDANAO UNIVERSITY].
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Cengel & Boles (2015). Thermodynamics: an engineering approach. New York, NY:
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Coolselector®2. (N.D.). Retrieved from https://www.danfoss.com/en/service and-

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C13-ff2a3ee11a9534f745a3633bee3b4b8e.pdf
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sheet-r-513a-gas-servei.pdf
Interpolation. (N.D.). Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/interpolation

Interpolation. (N.D.). Retrieved from https://www.techopedia.com/definition/106

80/interpolation

Miller, M. & Miller, R. (2004). Audel air conditioning home and commercial. Hoboken,
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The Chemours Company (2016). Retrieved from https://nationalref.com/wp-
content/uploads/2020/07/R514A-opteon-xp30-product-information.pdf
Visual basic (VB). (N.D.). Retrieved from https://www.techopedia.com/definition
/3962/visual-basic-vb
Whitman, B., Johnson, B., Tomczyk, J., & Silberstein, E. (2012). Refrigeration and Air
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Wrinkler et.al (2006). Component-Based Vapor Compression Simulation Tool with
Integrated MultiObjective Optimization Routines. Retrieved from
https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4955301.pdf
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APPENDICES

Appendix figure 1. Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation Software

Refrigerant Section Window

Appendix figure 2. Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation Software

User Interface
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Appendix figure 3. Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation Software

Information Window

Appendix figure 4. Standard Vapor Compression Cycle Simulation Software

Refrigerant Information Window
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Budgetary

Research & Development Price

Computer/ Laptop
Expenses ₱ 40,000
Visual Studio 2021 Free (community edition)
Chemours Refrigerant Expert (CRE) 1.0 Free
Paper production ₱ 2,000
Travel ₱ 1,000
Software Development ₱ 20,000
TOTAL ₱ 63,000

Gantt Chart