University of Lucknow

University of Lucknow
Bachelor of Commerce (B.Com.) Regulations 2021
B.Com. Semester I B.Com. Semester II

P1. Financial Accounting P7. Corporate Accounting
P2. Business Organisation P8. Business Regulatory Framework
P3. Micro Economics P9. Public Finance
P4. Currency Banking and Exchange P10. Business Communication
P5. Essentials of Management P11. Selling and Advertising
P6. Co-curricular Course I P12. Vocational Course I
B.Com. Semester III B.Com. Semester IV
P13. Business Finance P19. Cost Accounting
P14. Statistical Methods P20. Contemporary Audit
P15. Banking Operations P21. Foreign Trade of India
P16. Managing Human Resources P22. Macro Economics
P17. Information Systems and E-Business P23. Institutional Framework for Business
P18. Co-curricular Course II P24. Vocational Course II
B.Com. Semester V B.Com. Semester VI
P25. Goods and Service Tax (GST) P31. Income tax Law and Accounts
P26. Principles and Practice of Insurance P32. Principles and Practice of Marketing
P27. Introduction to Entrepreneurship P33. Indian Economy
P28. Managing Business Operations P34. Applied Business Statistics
P29X. Company Law and Practice P35X. Economics of Public Enterprises
P29Y. Concepts of Valuation P35Y. Export Import Procedure and
P30. Internship Project Documentation
P36. Minor Project
Specialisation in Commerce Specialisation in Applied Economics
BCom Semester VII BCom Semester VII

P37. Accounting for Managers P37. Advanced Microeconomic Analysis
P38. Financial Planning P38. Managing Personal Finance
P39. Rural Marketing P39. Demography and Population Studies
P40X. Labour Welfare Laws P40X. Rural Economics
P40Y. Legal Environment of Business P40Y. Foreign Exchange Management
P41X. Financial Institutions and Markets P41X. Financial Markets & Institutions
P41Y. Essentials of E-commerce P41Y. Industrial Economics
P42. Research Methodology P42. Research Methodology
BCom Semester VIII BCom Semester VIII
P43 Major Research Project (24 Credits) P43 Major Research Project (24 Credits)
Note:
1. All students shall be required to undertake an Internship during the summer
vacations just after the Fourth Semester. Evaluation and Viva-voce examination of
Internship Report will be conducted at the end of the Fifth Semester. The panel of
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the evaluation of Internship report shall be as recommended by the Board of
Studies of Department of Applied Economics.
2. After sixth semester, students have to choose any one specialisation which will
remain same for seven and eight semesters (Specialisation in Commerce or
Specialisation in Applied Economics).
3. Evaluation and Viva-voce examination of Major Project Report will be conducted at
the end of the Eight Semester. The panel of the evaluation of Dissertation report of
specialisation is commerce shall be as recommended by the Board of Studies of the
Commerce department and Dissertation report of specialisation is Applied
Economics shall be as recommended by the Board of Studies of the Applied
Economics department.
B.Com. – Semester I
P 1 - Financial Accounting
Credit : 04 T: 4 Lectures per week
Course Outcome: The student will be able to :-
• Acquire knowledge of the basic concepts and conventions of accounting.

• Prepare accounts of a partnership firm.
• Prepare accounts of special kinds such as Royalty accounts, Voyage accounts and
Branch accounts.
• Prepare accounts as per norms in case of Hire-Purchase & Installment Purchase as
well as Insolvency of the business units.
• Gain insight into the Indian & International accounting standards as well as IFRS.
• Develop skills in understanding the process of insolvency and their books of accounts.
Unit I : Definition, Nature and Scope of Accounting, Concepts and Conventions, Introduction to
Financial Statements, Capital and Revenue Items, Indian Accounting Standards & IFRS.
Unit II : Partnership Accounts - advanced problems and detailed study. Admission, Retirement and
Death of partners, Dissolution of Partnership Firm.
Unit III : Hire-Purchase System–Accounting Records in the Books of Hire Purchaser and Vendor,
Different Methods of Calculation of Interest and Cash Price, Maintenance of Suspense Account,
Payment of Premium, Default in Payment and Partial Return of Goods.
Installment Accounts – Difference between Hire Purchase and Instalment Payment System,
Accounting Records in the Book of Purchaser and Vendor, Interest Suspense Account.
Royalty Accounts – Accounting records for Royalty in the Books of Landlord and Lessee,
Recoupment of Short working, Sub-lease, Short working Reserve Account, Nazarana.
Unit IV : Insolvency Accounts – Meaning, Circumstances of Insolvency, Procedure of Declaring

Insolvency, Preparation of Statement of Affairs and Deficiency Account.
Insurance Claim for Loss of Stock and Loss of Profit, Branch Accounts,
Voyage Accounts – Meaning & Preparation of Voyage Accounts.
References:
Text Books
1. Shukla, S.M. – Financial Accounting
2. Kumar, Audhesh - Financial Accounting (oRrh; ys[kkadu)
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3. Mishra, A.K. : Financial Accounting
4. Gupta, S.P. Financial Accounting
Suggested Readings
1. Kumar, Arvind & Saxena, Vishal – Financial and Advanced Accounting
2. Gupta, R.L. and Radhawamy, M. : Financial Accounting
3. Shukla, M.C., Grewal, T.S. and Gupta, S.C. – Advance Accounting
4. Anthony, R.N. and Reece, J.S. : Accounting Principles
Web References:
1. Compendium of Statement Sledners of Accounting- The Institute of Chartered
Accountants of India, New Delhi
P 2 - Business Organisation
Course Outcome: The students will be able to:
• Understand basics about a business organization and its various forms.
• Understand the social responsibility of business towards the various stakeholders.
• Get knowledge about computation and fixation of remuneration of labour and incentive
plans.
• Gain insight about features of stock exchanges and commodity exchanges and their
working as well as regulation.
• Gain knowledge of the new patterns of business operations and organisations i.e., E-
business, LLP, OPC.
• Understand the various elements and principles of organisation.
Unit-I: Nature and scope of business, Social Responsibility of Business, Size of business unit, E-
business, Business Environment, Government and Business.
Unit-II: Forms of business organisations and comparative study - Sole Proprietorship, Partnership,
Joint stock company, Co-operative organisation, Limited Liability Partnership, One Person
company.
Unit –III: Business combination and its types, Rationalisation and Automation, Methods of
Remunerating Labour, Stock Market, Commodity Market,
Unit-IV: Organization process – Importance, Principles, Types of organization structure,

Centralisation and Decentralisation, Committees, Departmentation, Delegation of authority.
References :
Text Books
1. Padmakar, Asthana – Business Organisation (Hindi)
2. Maheshwari, K.L., Maheshwari, R.K. & Ram Milan - Business Organisation
3. Maheshwari, K.L., Maheshwari, R.K. & Madhu Bhatia – Vyavsayik Sanghtan
4. Kapoor, Geetika T.- Business Organisation
Suggested Readings
1. Bhushan, Y.K. –Fundamentals of Business Organisation and Management
2. Vasishth, Neeru - Principles of Business Organisation
3. Tulsian, P C. - Business Organisation and Management
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Web References :
1. Kaul,V.K. -Business Organisation and Management, Text and Cases
P 3 - MICRO ECONOMICS
Course Outcome : After studying all materials and resources presented in the course,
the student will be able to:
• Explain the role of scarcity, specialization, opportunity cost and cost/benefit
analysis in economic decision-making.
• Identify the determinants of supply and demand; demonstrate the impact of
shifts in both market supply and demand curves on equilibrium price and
output.
• Summarize the law of diminishing marginal utility; describe the process of
utility maximization.
• Calculate supply and demand elasticities, identify the determinants of price
elasticity of demand and supply, and demonstrate the relationship between
elasticity and total revenue.
• Describe the production function and the Law of Diminishing Marginal
Productivity; calculate and graph short-run and long-run costs of production.
• Relate to real world business scenario through study of various market forms.
• Study the factors affecting distribution of income through an analysis of
various factor payments.
• Gain indepth insight and equip them to analyze the real economic situations
more effectively with the help of practical problems using elementary
mathematics.
Unit –I
Definition and Concepts of Economics: Wealth, Welfare, Scarcity and Growth Oriented
definitions, Concept of Scarcity, Optimum utilization, Equilibrium and various forms of
equilibrium.
Nature and Scope of Economics, Micro and Macro Economics. Inductive and Deductive
methods of Economics
Unit –II
Consumer Behavior and Utility Analysis; Cardinal Approach: Law of Diminishing Marginal
Utility, Law of Equi-Marginal Utility, Consumer’s equilibrium and consumer’s surplus.
Demand Analysis: Types, Determinants and change in demand, Law of Demand and its
exception. Elasticity of Demand: its types and measurements. Ordinal Approach:
Indifference curve Analysis, price, income and substitution effects.
Unit –III
Producer’s Behavior: Production and Factors of Production. Laws of Production: Law of
Variable Proportions and Return to Scale. Isoquant: Meaning, Assumptions and
Properties. Producer’s Equilibrium through Isoquants. Cost Curves Analysis: short run and
long run cost. Law of Supply and its Elasticity.
Market: Revenue Analysis, Concept and Classification of Market. Equilibrium and Price
Determination of Firm and industry under Perfect competition, Monopolistic competition
and Monopoly, Price discrimination in monopoly.
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Unit-IV
Distribution: Factor Pricing, Theory of Marginal Productivity. Rent: Ricardian Theory,
Modern Theory, Quasi Rent. Wages: Subsistence Theory of Wages, Wage Fund Theory,
Residual Claimant Theory and Marginal Productivity Theory. Interest: Gross and Net
Interest, Classical Theory of Interest, Loanable Funds Theory, Liquidity Preference
Theory. Profit: Accounting and Economic Profit. Dynamic Theory of Profit: Risk-bearing
Theory, Uncertainty Bearing Theory and Innovation Theory.
References:
Text Books :
1. Maheshwari K. L, Maheshwari R. K. & Singh, A. K. - Micro Economics
2. Maheshwari K. L, Maheshwari R. K. & Madhu Bhatia- Micro Economics (Hindi)
3. Vaishampayan, J. V.- Micro Economic Theory (Hindi)
4. Vaishampayan, J. V.- Micro Economic Theory
5. Lall M. - Micro Economics
6. Jhingan, M. L.- Micro-Economic Theory
7. Pant J.C.- Micro Economics (Hindi)
Suggested Readings :
1. Samuelson, P. A. - Economics
2. Varian, H. - Intermediate Micro Economics
3. Stonier & Hague- A Textbook of Economic Theory
Web References :
1. https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc21_hs52/preview
2. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/109/104/109104125/
3. https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/cec21_hs04/preview
4. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/economics/14-01sc-principles-of-microeconomics-fall-
2011/
2011/unit-2-consumer-theory/
2011/unit-4-welfare-economics/
7. https://openstax.org/details/books/principles-microeconomics-2e
8. https://journals.sagepub.com/home/mic
P 4 - CURRENCY, BANKING AND EXCHANGE

Course Outcome : After studying all materials and resources presented in the course,
the student will be able to:
• Have a sound theoretical base in various areas of banking and exchange.
• Understand the channel for flow of money in the economy.
• Analyse the role and importance of credit in the economy.
• Get the insight knowledge about exchange rate and exchange control.
Unit –I
Functions, Significance & Various Forms of Money, E- Money. Quantity Theory of money
(Fisher’s): Assumptions and Criticism, Monetary Standard – Gold Standard, Bi-metallism and
Managed Currency Standard. Principles &Methods of Note issues, Indian Money Market.
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Unit –II
Meaning and Significance of credit, Factors Influencing the Volume of Credit in the
Country, Credit Creation by Bank, Credit Control by RBI. Inflation: Causes & Remedies.
Unit –III
Types of Banks, Central Bank and Commercial Banks: Meaning and Functions, Regional
Rural Banks. E- Banking & Postal Banking,
Unit –IV
Concept of Foreign Exchange and Exchange Rate, Factors Causing Fluctuations in
Exchange Rate, Exchange Control: Meaning, Objective and Methods.
References:
Text Books :
1. Maheshwari R.K. & Chaturvedi Kavita– Currency, Banking and Exchange
2. Singh Archana- Currency, Banking and Exchange
3. Jaiswal Bimal – Currency, Banking and Exchange
4. Seth M.L. - Banking and International Trade
5. Maheshwari R.K. & Bhatia Madhu– Currency, Banking and Exchange (Hindi)
1. Current Annual RBI Bulletin
2. Current Economic Survey
Web References :
1. https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/cec21_ge04/preview
2. https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/imb20_mg39/preview
3. https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/cec20_mg08/preview
5. http://web.gjuonline.ac.in/distance/book/bcom/BCOM%20203%20Money%20and%
20Banking.pdf
6. https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/110105031/pr_pdf/module%204.pdf
7. https://resources.saylor.org/wwwresources/archived/site/textbooks/Money%20and
%20Banking.pdf
8. http://egyankosh.ac.in/handle/123456789/14307
9. http://www.universityofcalicut.info/SDE/BA%20Economics%20-
%20VI%20Sem.%20Additional%20Course%20course%20-
Banking%20and%20Finance.pdf
10. https://www.msuniv.ac.in/Download/Pdf/0870c0a90f8b48b
P 5 - Essentials of Management

Course Objectives
The course ‘Essentials of Management’ aims to equip students with the knowledge of
concept of ‘management’ focusing on its various functional dimensions and their use in
managing the activities of modern Businesses and Organizations.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of this course the students will be able to:
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• Map the evolution of ‘Management’ as a discipline and as a process that
helps in the analysis of internal and external environment.
• Understand of the various aspects of Planning and decision making, and of
Authority and Responsibility in a formal organization
• Organise, motivate and lead in an organization
• Understand Control functions and make simple applications
Unit I: Introduction, Nature of Management, Evolution of Management Thought,

Management Process & Co-ordination, Managers need for understanding Internal and
external environment
Unit II: Planning, Fundamentals of planning, Objectives, Policy & Strategy, Forecasting,
Decision Making, Organizing, Organization Theory, Design of organization structure,
Authority & Responsibility, Line and Staff Relationships, Departmentation, Delegation,
Centralization and Decentralization.
Unit III: Staffing, Fundamentals of staffing, Recruitment & Selection, Training &
Development, Performance Appraisal, Directing, Fundamentals of Directing, Motivation,
Concept and techniques, Leadership Approaches and Communication.
Unit IV: Controlling, Nature and Scope of Control, Types of Control, Control Process,
Management by Exception (MBE), Effective Control System, Control Techniques -
Traditional and Modern.
Text Books:
• Rudani, R. B., Principles of management. McGraw-Hill Education.
• Gupta, R. N., Principles of management. S. Chand Publishing.
• Bose, D. C., Principles of management and administration. PHI.
• Tripathi, P. C., Principles of management. McGraw-Hill Education.
Reference Books:
• Daft, R. L., & Daft, R. L., Principles of management. South-Western, Cengage Learning
• Koontz, H., Essentials of management. Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
• DuBrin, A. J., Essentials of management. South-Western College.
• Morden, T., Principles of management. Routledge Parkinson, C. N., Rustomji, M. K., &
Sapre, S. A., Great ideas in management. Child, Henry and Page.
• Mandal, S. K., Management: Principles and practice. Jaico Publishing House.
Web References
• https://online.hbs.edu/courses/management-essentials/
• https://www.edx.org/course/management-
communication?index=product&queryID=5a379435c1c3a375529ba884611cac4b&position=2
P6. Co-curricular Course I
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B.Com. – Semester II
P 7 - Corporate Accounting
Course Outcome: The student will be able to:-
• Understand the features and accounting treatment of Shares and Debentures.

• Knowledge about Accounting entries related to Redemption of Shares and Debentures.
• Prepare of Company’s Final Accounts.
• Acquire knowledge of accounting procedure adopted during Amalgamation and
Absorption of companies.
• Acquire conceptual knowledge of Internal and External reconstruction of companies
and their accounting treatment.
• Knowledge regarding accounting treatment and procedure adopted at the time of
winding up of companies.
Unit I :
Meaning and kinds of shares, issue, forfeiture and re-issue of forfeited shares, Redemption of
Preference shares, Bonus shares. Meaning and kinds of Debentures – their issue and redemption.
Unit II :
Concept of amalgamation and absorption; AS 14 and Types of Amalgamation; Purchase
Consideration; Accounting in the Books of Transferor of Company; Accounting in the Books of
Transferee Company.
Unit III :
Concept of Reconstruction; Need of Reconstruction; Types of Reconstruction- Internal
Reconstruction and External reconstruction; Alteration in Share capital; Reduction in share capital;
Scheme of Accounting for Internal Reconstruction.
Unit IV :
Concept of Winding up of Companies; Preparation of Statement of Affairs and Deficiency Account;
Preparation of Liquidator's Final Statement of Account.
References :
Text Books
1. Maheshwari, S.N. : Corporate Accounting, Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi
2. Jha, B.K. and Shah, M.S. : Corporate Accounting.
Suggested Readings
1. Roth, Martin : Analysing Company Accounts
2. Shukla, M.C., Grewal, T.S. and Gupta, S.C. : Advanced Accounts : S. Chand & Co.,
New Delhi
3. Moore, C.L. and Jaedicke, R.K. Managerial Accounting
Web References :
1. Bloomfield, Stephen : Understanding and Interpreting Company Accounts : A Practical
guide
2. Groves, R.E.V., Pendlebury, M. – Company Accounts : Analysis, Interpretation and
Understanding
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P 8 - Business Regulatory Framework
Course Outcome: The students will be able to:-
• Understand the nature and meaning of contracts, forms of contracts and essentials of a
valid contract.
• Gain insight into various kinds of contract.
• Gain in-depth knowledge of Sales of Goods Act and Negotiable Instruments Act
• Have knowledge of the fundamentals of Consumer Protection Act.
• Keep updated about the amendments in these laws and regulations.
Unit 1—Indian Contract Act 1872 - Definition - Kinds of Contracts - Valid – Void - Voidable -
Essentials of a Valid Contract - Offer and Acceptance - Communication of Offer - Acceptance and
its Revocation - Agreement - Consideration - Capacity to Contract - Free Consent - Legality of
Object and Consideration – Agreements expressly declared Void - Performance of Contract -
Discharge of Contract -Breach of Contract - Remedies for Breach of Contract, Quasi Contract.
Unit II – Contract of Indemnity and Guarantee- Meaning and Definition of Guarantee, Kinds of
Guarantee - Rights and Liabilities of Surety - Discharge of Surety. Bailment and Pledge-Essentials
of a valid Bailment, Types of Bailment, Rights and Duties of Bailor and Bailee - Finder of Lost
Goods - Pledge - Essentials - Rights and Duties.
Unit III--Law of Agency - Essentials, kinds of agents, rights and duties of agent and principal,
creation of agency, termination of agency-sub agents and substituted agents. Sale of Goods Act,
1930 -Essentials of Contract of Sale Goods - Classification of Goods - Conditions and Warranties -
Transfer of Property in Goods - Rights of Unpaid Seller - Buyer’s Right Against Seller - Auction
Sale.
Unit IV--Negotiable Instrument Act 1881: Definition of negotiable instruments; Features;

Promissory note; Bill of exchange & cheque; Holder and holder in the due course; Crossing of a
cheque, types of crossing; Negotiation; Dishonours and discharge of negotiable instrument.
Consumer Protection Act 2019: Salient Provisions.
References :
Text Books
1. Srivastava Sunita. Business Law; Vaibhav Lakshmi Prakashan Banaras
2. Kuchal M.C.: Business Law; Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi.
3. Kapoor N.D. : Business Law; Sultan Chand & Sons, New Delhi.
4. Chandha P.R.: Business Law; Galgotia, New Delhi.
Suggested Readings
1. Maheshwari K.L. and Ram Milan – Business Law
2. Singh Avtar. The Principles of Mercantile Law; Eastern Book Company, Lucknow
Web References
1. Indian Contract Act No. IX 1872
2. Indian Sale Goods Act 1930
3. Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881
4. Consumer Protection Act, 2019
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P 9 - PUBLIC FINANCE

Course Outcome :
1. To introduce students to the public sector reform agenda with a focus on public
finance issues;
2. To demonstrate administrative, political, and economic constraints to public finance
reforms;
3. To develop analytical skills of the students in three major areas of public finance
reforms (performance-based budgeting, mid-term financial planning, budget
decentralization);
4. To train students how to develop budgeting and performance evaluation systems
for public sector institutions;
5. To develop students’ skills on how to write a public policy paper and make a
presentation on public policy issue.
UNIT I
Introduction: Meaning & Scope of Public Finance; Public goods vs. Private goods;
Principle of Maximum Social Advantage; Public Budget , Techniques of Budgeting (ZBB,
PBB).
UNIT II
Public Expenditure: Meaning & Nature, Wagner’s views on increasing state activities
Wiseman-peacock hypothesis, Canons and classification of public expenditure; effects on
production, distribution and economic stability.
UNIT III
Public Revenue: Main sources of revenue, Tax revenue, Direct and Indirect Taxes,
Progressive, proportional & Regressive Taxes, Value added tax and GST, The Division of
tax burden- Impact and Incidence of a tax, effects on production & distribution.
Public Debt: Role and classification of Public debt and methods of their redemption.
Deficit Financing.
UNIT IV
Indian Public Finance: Different types of Budgetary Deficits; Financial Federalism under
constitution, Finance Commission- meaning and current Finance Commission, Budgetary
Procedure and Financial Control in India. Fiscal Consolidation and FRBM Act.
References:
Text Books :
1. R.A. Musgrave and P.B. Musgrave, Public Finance in Theory & Practice
2. Maheshwari K L, R K Maheshwari, Public Finance
3. Maheshwari K L, R K Maheshwari, Rajasva
4. Maheshwari K L, R K Maheshwari, Lok Vitt
5. Bhatia, H L- Public Finance
1. Recent Budget Documents.
2. Joseph E. Stiglitz, Economics of the Public Sector
3. Kaushik Basu and A. Maertens (ed.),
4. Lekhi ,R K- Public Finance
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Web References :
2. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/economics/14-471-public-economics-i-fall-2012/
3. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/economics/14-471-public-economics-i-fall-2012/lecture-
notes/MIT14_471F12_Tax_Analysis.pdf
4. https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=State%20Finances%2
0:%20A%20Study%20of%20Budgets
5. https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/AnnualPublications.aspx?head=Handbook+of+Statisti
cs+on+Indian+States
P 10 - Business Communication

Course Objectives
The course helps students to develop an understanding of pre-requisites for
Business Communication with focus on professional, oral and written
communication skills.
Course Outcomes
• Apply principles of effective communication in their verbal and non-verbal
communication.
• Write effective e-mails, memos, and business correspondence.
• Illustrate presentation skills
• Plan effective business meetings
• Identify communication barriers
Unit I: Introduction to Business Communication, Characteristics of Effective

Organizational Communication, Basic Forms of Communication, Process of
Communication, Principles of Effective Business Communication, 7 C’s.
Unit II: Barriers to Communication, Facilitators to Communication, Effective

Listening, Perception & Reality, Role of Opinion, Attitudes & Beliefs, , Mal-functions
of communication, Business Etiquettes,
Unit III: Forms of Business Communication, Written Communication, Oral

Communication, Nonverbal Communication, Technology of Business
Communication, Peculiarities of Communication in Indian Organizations, Conflict
Management.
Unit IV: Conduct of Meeting- Agenda, Notice, Notes, Minutes, Office Memorandum,
Office Orders, Press Release, Business Letter Writing-Need, functions & Kinds,
Layout of letter writing, Types of letter writing, Report writing- Problems,
Organization and techniques of writing. Business Correspondence: Letter Writing,
Inviting tenders and quotations, Designing quotations, Placing orders, Sales letters,
Claim & Adjustment Letters and Social correspondence. Memorandum, Inter -office
Memo, Notices, Agenda, Minutes of general business meetings. Time management
in meetings. Modern communication forms: e-mail, video conferencing, social
media communication.
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Text Books:
• Business Communication, R.K. Madhukar - Vikas Publication
• Essentials of Business Communication - C. B. Gupta - Cenage
• Business Communication, Jha & Shekhar - Orient Blackswan Pvt. Ltd
Reference Books
• Business Communication- Techniques & Methods - Juneja & Majumdar -
Orient Black swan Pvt Litd.
• Business Communication - Payal Mehra – Pearson
Web References
o https://blog.smarp.com/11-reasons-why-business-communication-is-crucial-
for-companys-success
o https://www.managementstudyguide.com/business_communication.htm
o https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/business-communication/
o https://www.salesforce.com/ca/blog/2015/06/10-communication-skills-for-
business-success.html
P 11 - Selling and Advertising

Course Objectives
The purpose of this course is to aware the student with the concepts which are
helpful in understanding selling activities and advertising expose the students to
design of various elements of advertising.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of this course the students will be able to demonstrate
strong conceptual knowledge in the selling and advertising, students will be able to
demonstrate its application for resolution of problems pertaining selling and
advertising.
Unit I: Selling: Concept, Nature and Role in Marketing. Personal Selling: Evolving
face of Personal Selling, Nature and importance of Personal Selling, Characteristics
of a successful salesperson, Sales as a career option, Sales training, Consumer
psychology and buying motives, Selling of consumer and Industrial Products (goods
and services)
Unit II: Selling process: Prospecting, Pre-approach, Approach, Sales presentation

and demonstration, Handling objections, Closing the sale, After sale service.
Effective selling techniques, role of relationship marketing in personal selling, tools
of selling, Motivating and Remunerating Salespersons.
Unit III: Advertising: Concept, role, functions, scope and types, Economic, Social,
Legal and Ethical aspects of Advertising. Advertising Appeals: Meaning, types and
methods, Advertising as a persuasive communication process. Advertising Design:
Characteristics and basic elements of Advertising copy. Creation, Production and
Planning of Advertisements. Advertising Budget: Types, components and process
of preparing. Advertising Agency: Functions and selection of agency.
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Unit IV: Advertising as a component of Integrated Marketing Communication, AIDA
and DAGMAR model. Advertising Media: Types (Print, Outdoor, Electronic and
other), Characteristics, merits and limitations of each media type. Media planning:
Selection of media category; their reach, frequency, impact, cost and other factors
influencing media choice. Problems in reaching rural and remote audience.
Evaluation of Advertising effectiveness: Importance, difficulties and methods of
measuring advertising effectiveness.
Text Books:
o Advertising, Selling & Promotion, R. Narang, Pearson Education.
o Selling and Advertising, Jaiswal Bimal & Manoj Shiva; New Royal Book
Company
• Sales and Distribution Management - Panda and Sahdev, Oxford Edition,
• Advertising Management - Batra, Aaker, Pearson Edition.
Reference Books:
• Sales Management by Still, Cundiff, Govoni Pearson Education,
o Sales and Distribution Management - Havaldar, Mc Graw Hill Edition.
o Integrated Advertising, Promotion and Marketing Communications, K.E. Clow &
D.E. Baack, Pearson Education
o Integrated Marketing Communications, David Pickton& Amanda Boderick, PHI
o Integrated Marketing Communications: A Primer, Philips J. Kitchen & Patrick De
Pelsmacker
o Advertising and promotion: An integrated marketing communications
perspective, Belch, G., & Belch, M., New York: McGraw-Hill.
Web References:
• https://hbr.org/2006/07/ending-the-war-between-sales-and-marketing
• https://www.hypebot.com/hypebot/2015/01/11-forms-of-promotion-you-may-be-
overlooking.html
• https://www.marketingstudyguide.com/main-types-promotion/
P12. Vocational Course I
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B.Com. – Semester III
P 13 - Business Finance
Course Outcome: The students will be able to:
• Demonstrate an understanding of the overall role and importance of the finance
function.
• Understand the role and responsibilities of a Finance Manager in an organisation.
• Gain knowledge of the concept of cost of capital, capitalisation; over and under
capitalization.
• Have knowledge about the short & long term sources of finance.
• Apply ratio analysis as a tool of managing and controlling finances of a business entity.
• Analyse the complexities associated with working capital management, and the
financing approaches to working capital.
Unit I: Nature, Scope, Significance of Business Finance, Financial Goals, Finance Function, Duties
& Responsibilities of a Finance Manager, Capital Market; functions, types & significance.
Unit II: Capitalisation; Concept, Over and Under-Capitalisation; causes and remedies. Capital
Structure; Concept, Cost of Capital, Capital Budgeting.
Unit III: Long term and short term, sources of capital – Owned and borrowed, Trade Credit, Bank
credit, commercial papers etc., Analysis of Profitability, Activity, Liquidity & Solvency.
Unit IV: Concept, Determinants and Sources of Working Capital, Fixed and Variable working
capital, Estimation of working capital requirements, Financing Approaches to working capital.
References :
Text Books
1. Kumar, Audhesh & Kumar, S.- Business Finance
2. Jaiswal, B. & Shimpi, L.S. – Business Finance
3. Gupta, S.P. – Business Finance (Hindi)
Suggested Readings
1. Gupta, Poonam -Fundamentals of Financial Management
2. Khan and Jain - Financial Management
3. Rustagi, R.P.–Fundamentals of Financial Management
Web References
1. Kishore, R.M. – Financial Management, Theory, Problems, Cases
P 14 - STATISTICAL METHODS

Course Outcome :
• The course content of this paper has been designed with the assumption that
students have no knowledge or rudimentary knowledge of Business Statistics.
• The purpose is to enhance student’s understanding of the fundamentals of
statistics.
• In this paper the students will be imparted the knowledge about the measures of
descriptive as well analytical statistics and their application in different fields. These
Page 14 of 57
fields may include business, trade, industry, macroeconomic indicators, social
phenomenon, day to day activities etc.
• Through the study of this paper, students will become acquainted with specific skills
of data collection, processing, presentation and application of statistical tools on
these data. This is how they will know the characteristics of data and learn analysis,
interpretation and prediction of unknown data.
Notes:
Use of Simple/Scientific calculator is allowed.
Unit –I
Introduction: The Nature and scope of statistics, Definition of statistics. Law of Statistical
Regularity: Law of Inertia of Large Numbers. Census and Sampling, Methods of Sampling,
Types and Characteristics of Statistical Unit. Methods and instruments of data collection.
Unit –II
Classification and Tabulation – Objects, general rules for the construction of tables.
Measures of Central Tendency: Mean – Simple and Weighted, Mode, Harmonic and
Geometric Mean; Positional Averages- Median, Quartile and Percentiles.
Unit –III
Measures of Dispersion, Skewness and Kurtosis – Range, Quartile Deviation, Mean
Deviation, Standard Deviation and their coefficients; Measures of Skewness and Kurtosis.
Correlation Analysis – Scatter diagram, Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation,
Spearman’s ranking method.
Unit –IV
Regression Analysis – Linear regression, regression lines, regression equations.
Interpolation – Assumptions, Binomial, Newton’s advancing differences, Larganges’
methods.
References:
Text Books :
1. J. K. Sharma, Business Statistics
2. S.C. Gupta, Fundamentals of Statistics
3. S.P. Gupta and Archana Gupta, Elementary Statistics
4. Anoop Kumar Singh, Statistical Methods (English)
5. Anoop Kumar Singh, Statistical Methods (Hindi)
1. Richard Levin and David S. Rubin, Statistics for Management
2. M.R. Spiegel, Theory and Problems of Statistics, Schaum’s Outlines Series
Web References :
3. https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc21_ma74/preview
4. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-650-statistics-for-applications-fall-
2016/
5. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of-management/15-075j-statistical-
thinking-and-data-analysis-fall-2011/
Page 15 of 57
P 15 - BANKING OPERATIONS

Course Outcome : At the end of the course, a student will be able to:
• Understand the core concepts of banking.
• Acquainted with the knowledge of the functioning of the banking industry,
especially that of India.
• Understand the structure of banking system in India
• Understand the operational aspect of commercial banks in India.
• Learn and gain insights about negotiable instruments
• Help understand various concepts like ATM, e-banking, Basel Norms, etc.
Unit- I
Banking System in India, Monetary Policy: Concepts & Objectives, Basic concepts of
Regulatory Environment for commercial bank in India and their provisions : RBI Act-
Chapter I,II,III ; Banking Regulation Act- General Provisions, Management Control, Loan &
Advances; Deposit and Insurance Act- Objectives, SARFAESI Act- Methods of recovery of
NPA’s and Money Laundering- Procedure, Laws and Guidelines for anti-money
laundering.
Unit- II
Operational Aspect of commercial banks in India, Relationship between Banker and
customers, Types of customer account, Cheque & its types, Endorsement, Dishonour,
Rights and liabilities of Paying and collecting Banker, Time Value of money –calculation of
interest on loan & deposits, EMIs.
Unit- III
Negotiable Instruments, Bills of Exchange and Promissory notes, Rights and liabilities of
parties, Bills discounting and purchasing, Ancillary Services of the Bankers. E-Banking.
Unit-IV
Employment of funds by Commercial Banks, Types of securities, mode of creating charge,
Bank guarantees, Basel norms, financial sector reforms in India.
References:
Text Books :
1. Jaiswal Bimal : Banking Operations
2. Bhole L.M: Financial Institution & Markets
3. Desai Vasant: Financial Market & Institutions
1. Current Annual RBI Bulletin
2. Current Economy Survey
Web References :
3. https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc21_mg15/preview
4. https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/cec21_ge04/preview
6. http://www.universityofcalicut.info/SDE/Banking_on19May2016.pdf
Page 16 of 57
P 16 - Managing Human Resources

Course Objectives
The course aims to equip students with the conceptual knowledge of various
functions and roles of Human Resource Management focusing on the ideas needed
to successfully manage the workforce in an organization
Course Outcomes
• Develop the basic understanding about the importance of HR function
• Learn the various concepts of Human Resource Management processes
required to Induct and Recruit the employees
• Develop the basic knowledge of Training and Performance Appraisal of
employees
• Learn important issues related to Compensation and Wage Administration
Unit I: Nature and Concept of HRM: Human Resource Management: Importance of

HRM and present-day challenges, Human Resource Planning: The process of
Human Resource Planning, Limitations.
Unit II: Job Analysis: Process of Job-analysis and Design: Job Description, Job
Specification and Job Design. Recruitment, Selection and Placement: Factors
affecting Recruitment, Process of Recruitment, Sources of Recruitment. Process of
Selection- Stages; Socialization and Induction; Promotions, Demotions, Transfers
and Separations.
Unit III: Training & Development: Training objective, Process and methods,
Management Development, Performance Appraisal: Methods of Performance
Appraisal, Possible Errors in Appraisal Process, Planning for Performance
Improvement.
Unit IV: Compensation Planning: Objective of Compensation Planning, Theories

underlying Motivation and Remuneration, Developing Pay Structures, Principles of
Wage and Salary Administration, Current Trends in Salary Administration. Industrial
Relations & Workers Participation in Management: Theories of Industrial Relations,
Collective Bargaining, Workers’ Participation in Management.
Text Books
• M. Sharma, Understanding Wage and Compensation System. Himalaya
Publishing House.
• Biswajeet Pattanayak, Human Resource Management, PHI Learning.
• C.B. Gupta, Human Resource Management- Text and Cases. Sultan Chand and
Sons,
• Ekta Sharma, Strategic Human Resource Management and Development,
Pearson Publication
• J.P. Mahajan, Ravindra Singh, Human Resource Management. Vikas
Publishing.
• L.M. Prasad, Human Resource Management. Sultan Chand and Sons.
• Raju T. and Dr. S. Jaya Bharathi, Human Resource Management. Dreamtech
Press.
Page 17 of 57
• S.S. Khanka, Human Resource Management (Text and Cases). S. Chand
• V.S.P Rao, Human Resource Management (CBCS). Taxmann
Reference Books
• Gary Dessler, Biju Varrkey, Human Resource Management. Person
Publications.
• K Aswathappa, Sadhna Dash, International Human Resource Management.
Mc Graw Hill
• P.L. Malik, Sumeet Malik, Industrial Law (Covering Labour Law in India). Vol.
1 & Eastern Book Company .
• R.C. Sharma and Nipun Sharma, Human Resource Management: Theory
and Practice, Sage Publications Private Limited.
• Raman Preet, Future of Human Resource Management: Case Studies with
Strategic Approach. Wiley.
• Sharon Pandey, Swapnalekha Basak, Human Resource Management: Text
and Cases,.Pearson Education.
Web Resources
• https://www.digitalhrtech.com/human-resource-basics/
• https://www.hrdconnect.com/2019/05/22/what-is-hr-management-in-an-
organisation/
• https://open.lib.umn.edu/humanresourcemanagement/chapter/1-1-what-is-
human-resources/
• https://www.inc.com/encyclopedia/human-resource-management.html
P 17 - Information Systems and E-Business

Course Objectives
The course aims to develop basic understanding of the Information Systems and E-
commerce, and their role in Business Organizations with a focus on the
development and application of various Information Systems using Information
Technology.
Course Outcomes
• Develop the functional knowledge of Computer Systems
• Develop the thorough understanding of various Information Systems with
particular focus on DSS, MIS, TP, EIS and, CRM Systems
• Understand the basic knowledge of the applications of Database
Management Systems and their development
• Understand the concepts of E-Commerce with an application orientation
Unit I: Introduction to Computer systems, elements of a Computer System, types of

Computers and their features, input, output and storage devices, types of software,
networking and Internet, types of networks and networking devices, methods of
Internet access, services available through Internet, business applications and
benefits of computerization and Internet.
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Unit II: Introduction to Information Systems, business applications and its benefits,
functional and cross functional Information Systems, Transaction Processing
Systems, Electronic Data Interchange, On Line Analytical Processing, Management
Information Systems, Decision Support Systems, Executive Information Systems,
Executive Support Systems, Enterprise applications, Supply Chain Management
Systems, Customer Relationship Management Systems.
Unit III: Concept of Database and Database Management System, centralised and
distributed Database Systems, Planning and designing of Information Systems,
System Flow Charts, traditional System Development Life Cycle, modern System
Development Methods, Implementing Information Systems as planned
organizational change.
Unit IV: Concept of E-commerce, Digital Markets and Digital Goods, advantages
and disadvantages of transacting online, types of E-commerce and M-commerce,
E-commerce business models, e-payment systems, digital signatures.
Text Books:
• Peter Norton – Introduction to Computers: McGraw Hill
• Leon - Introduction to Computers: Vikas Publications
• Satish Jain – Computers in Business Management: BPB Publications
Reference Books:
• Kenneth C. Laudon – Management Information Systems: Pearson
• James A. O’Brien - Management Information Systems: Hill
• Girdhar Joshi - Management Information Systems: Oxford
• Waman S. Jawadekar - Management Information Systems: McGraw Hill
Web References
o https://www.techopedia.com/definition/24142/information-system-is
o https://opentextbook.site/informationsystems2019/chapter/chapter-
1-what-is-an-information-system-information-systems-introduction/
o https://altametrics.com/en/information-systems/information-
system-types.html
P18. Co-curricular Course II
Page 19 of 57
B.Com. – Semester IV
P19. Cost Accounting

Course Outcomes: The students will be able to:-
• Understand the nature and scope of Cost Accounting.

• Gain knowledge about the advantages of cost accounting and classifications of various
costs.
• Acquire knowledge about accounting and control of material cost and labour cost.
• Know overhead costing as well as and Apportionment and Absorption of Overheads.
• Understand the methods of costing, marginal costing and budgetary control system.
• Gain knowledge of Unit or Output costing as well as standard costing.
Unit –I : Definition, Nature, Scope, Significance and Function of Cost Accounting, Cost Centre,
Costs and its elements, System of ascertainment of cost, Control of Materials, Labour and
Overhead, Allocation, Apportionment and Absorption of Overheads.
Unit –II : Unit Output Costing : Concept and Need for Unit Output Costing; Preparation of Cost
Sheet and Tender Price, (Calculation of Tender, Quotation and Estimated price), Contract and Job
Costing, Process Cost Accounting.
Unit –III : Reconciliation of Cost and Financial Accounts, Service Costing, Budgetary Control.
Unit –IV : Marginal Costing, Standard Costing.
References :
Text Books
1. M.L. Agarwal – Cost Accounting (Hindi & English)

2. S.P. Gupta– Cost Accounting (Hindi & English)
3. Khan & Jain – Cost Accounting
4. Audhesh Tripathi & Varshney - Cost Accounting
5. Bimal Jaiswal & L. Shimpi- Cost Accounting
6. Blocker & Weltmer – Cost Accounting
7. Bharr – Cost Accounting
Suggested Readings
1. Bigg – Cost Accounts

2. Gupta, MP – Costing
3. Lucey. T. – Costing
Web References
1. Lunt – Manual of Cost Account

2. Ridgeway – Cost Account
3. Whelden – Principles and Methods of Costing
4. Horngrance, Charles T. –Cost Accounting : A Managerial Emphasis
Page 20 of 57
P20- Contemporary Audit

Course Outcomes: The students will be able to:
• Understand the concept, types & techniques of audit.

• Gain knowledge of audit documentation, vouching and verification of assets and
liabilities.
• Understand provisions regarding appointment of a company auditor and learn about his
powers and duties.
• Have knowledge of special provisions for Government audit.
• Gain insight into audit of special entities and emerging concepts in auditing as well as
standards on auditing.
Unit –I: Nature & Objectives of Auditing; Types of Audit, Auditing Techniques; Internal Control &
Internal Check, Audit Programme, Audit Procedure, Routine checking, Test checking.
Unit –II: Vouching, Verification of Assets & Liabilities, Divisible Profit and Dividend, Internal Audit,
Investigation.
Unit –III: Government Audit, Audit of Limited Companies, Company Auditor: Appointment,
Remuneration, Powers, Duties and Liabilities, Audit report.
Unit –IV: Standards on Auditing, Audit of Special entities: Non-Profit Organisations, Educational
Institutions & Clubs, Cost Audit, Tax Audit and Management Audit.
References :
Text Books
1. Maheshwari, K.L. and Maheshwari, R.K. – Contemporary Audit

2. Sharma, T.R. - Contemporary Audit (Hindi & English)
3. Gupta, Kamal - Contemporary Auditing
Suggested Readings
1. Batliboi, J.R. – Principles and Practice of Auditing

2. Garg, CA Pankaj – Auditing and Assurance
3. Basu, S.K.—Auditing, Principles and Techniques
4. Prakash, Jagdish-Auditing, Principles, Practice & Problems
Web References
1. Spicer and Pegler’s – Practical Auditing
P21. Foreign Trade of India

Course Outcome : At the end of the course, a student will be able to:
1. Understand the underlying motives of international trade.
2. Know the composition, direction and volume of trade over a period of time.
3. Analyse with the current status and changing dynamics of India’s foreign trade as
well as the impact of policy changes on it.
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4. Well-equipped when employed, whether in the field of industry or trade (export-
import).
Unit –I
Introduction – Trade its meaning and types. Difference between internal and international
trade. Concept, Assumptions and Criticism of International Trade Theories. India’s Internal
Trade- Characteristics and Problems. Coastal trade .Terms of Trade.
Unit-II
Foreign Trade of India – Before independence, During Planning Period, Recent trends in
India’s Foreign Trade. Major Items of Exports: Composition, Direction and Future
Prospects, Major Items of Imports: Composition, Direction and Future Prospects.
Unit –III
Free Trade and Protective trade policies, India’s Major trading partners: USA, UK, China
and Japan. National Level Financing Institutions: EXIM Bank, ECGC and other institutions
in financing of foreign trade, STC, MMTC, SEZ and EPZ. Export promotions.
Unit –IV
Recent World trade Scenario, Recent changes in Foreign trade policy, Trade agreements
– Bilateral and Multilateral Trade Agreements. GATT & UNCTAD, WTO. India’s Balance of
Trade and Balance of Payments: Concept, Problems, Reasons for disequilibrium and
Corrective Measures.
References:
Text Books :
1. Jaiswal Bimal & Singh A.K. – Foreign Trade of India
2. Goswami V.K. – International Trade
3. Mishra N.K. & Abrar Anjum- Trade of India
4. Cherrunilam F. – International Trade Export Management
1. Salvi P.G. – New Directions on India’s Trade policy.
2. Current Annual RBI Report
3. Hill C.W. - International Business
4. Daniels - International Business
Web References :
2. https://www.iiiem.in/export-import-course.html
P22. Macro Economics

Course Outcome : Students who complete this course will be able to understand:
• The meaning and components of the National Income Accounts, especially GDP;
the concept and working of multipliers;
Page 22 of 57
• The meaning of the business cycle and its phases and to manipulate the basic
Aggregate Supply, Aggregate Demand model of the macro economy;
• The meaning of unemployment and inflation data and how that data is collected and
computed;
• How fiscal policy operates, its tools, and its advantages and drawbacks;
• How monetary policy operates, its tools, and its advantages and drawbacks.
Unit- I
Concept and scope of Macro-Economics; Macro-economic Paradoxes: wage-employment
paradox and paradox of thrift, The Circular flow of Income and expenditure.
The Analysis and Measurement of Economic Activity - National Income Accounting:
Concept and Definitions of National Income. Various components of National Income,
Methods of Measurement of National Income and Welfare.
Unit – II
Classical Macroeconomic Models – Say’s Law, Quantity Theory of Money, Wage-Price
Flexibility and Full employment.
Aggregate Expenditure – Consumption Function: Concepts of propensities of consumption
and saving. Absolute Income Hypothesis, Relative Income Hypothesis; Consumption
Puzzle and Permanent Consumption Hypothesis. Investment Function: Types, Marginal
Efficiency of Capital (MEC) and Marginal Efficiency of Investment (MEI).
Unit –III
The Concept of Multiplier; National Income Determination in an Open Economy
IS-LM Analysis - Derivation of IS and LM Functions; Joint determination of National
Income and rate of Interest and Shift and IS and LM Curves.
Unit-IV
Theory of Inflation – Meaning, types and measurement, Demand Pull and Cost Push
Inflation. The Philips Curve, Effects of Inflation, Anti-Inflation Policies – Monetary and
Fiscal Policies.
Business Cycles – concept, types and phases; Keynes, Hawtrey, Hicks Models.
References:
Text Books :
1. J V Vaishampayan, Macroeconomic Theory and Policy (Hindi & English)
2. K.L. Maheshwari & R.K. Maheshwari – Macro Economics
3. H L Ahuja, Macroeconomic Theory, S Chand Publication
4. D N Dwivedi, Macroeconomic Theory
1. Dornbusch, Fischer and Startz, Macroeconomics
2. N. Gregory Mankiw. Macroeconomics
3. Richard T. Froyen, Macroeconomics
4. Errol D‘Souza, Macroeconomics
Web References :
2. https://nptel.ac.in/noc/courses/noc15/SEM1/noc15-hs08/
5. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/economics/14-02-principles-of-macroeconomics-spring-
2014/
Page 23 of 57
6. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/economics/14-05-intermediate-macroeconomics-spring-
2013/
7. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86309
8. https://dbie.rbi.org.in/DBIE/dbie.rbi?site=home
P23. Institutional Framework for Business

Course Objectives
The course objective is to introduce the students with the institutional framework
which exists for the monetary policies, credit availability for small as well as large
and rural as well as urban development, other developmental avenues for
agricultural and small industries, etc. Further, it is intended to apprise students with
the Capital and Investment related scenario and the institutions and people involved
with stocks and related domains. Finally, students will also discuss the latest trends
and developments like the insolvency and bankruptcy code, competitive
commission, to name a few.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of this course the students will be able understand how
the institutional framework for business will empower them to better locate and
employ the opportunities available during the course of fulfilling their duties in
various managerial roles. They would be able to take better decisions and design
and provide better value to both their respective organizations and the various
stakeholders involved. The knowledge of the institutional mechanisms will stand in
good stead for the budding entrepreneurs of tomorrow.
UNIT I: Introduction to Indian regulatory environment for business, Role and

Functions of RBI Structure of commercial banking in India, mandatory provisions
regarding SLR and CRRNABARD: Role and functions, EXIM Bank and its
facilitative role, Export Credit Guarantee Corporation of India (ECGC), SIDB and its
various schemes for promotion of small business, Microfinance Institutions and
Regional Rural Banks, Scope and functions of IRDA and PFDA
UNIT II: Regulatory bodies for financial and Investment markets in India: SEBI-
roles and functions, Important guidelines for Issue of capital Intermediaries /market
infrastructure institutions. Role and functions of Bankers to issue, Credit rating
agencies, Merchant banks, Mutual funds, Portfolio managers, Underwriters
UNIT III: Role and functions of Stock exchanges, Stock exchanges in India,
Prominent stock exchanges in India - BSE and NSE, Different types of instruments
and brokers: equity and equity derivatives, corporate debt market segment,
commodities derivatives market segment
UNIT IV: Functions of: Competitive Commission of India, National Company Law
Tribunal towards Insolvency and Bankruptcy code, Department of Industrial Policy
and Promotion for FDI in India.
Page 24 of 57
Text Books
• Institutional Framework for Business, Ajai Prakash Thakur Publications Pvt.
Ltd
• व्यापार के लिए संस्थागत रुपरे खा, Ajai Prakash, Saroj Kumar; Thakur
Publications Pvt. Ltd
• Institutional Framework for Business, Bimal Jaiswal; Sahitya Bhawan
• Financial Institutions and Markets, L M Bhole and Jitendra Mahakud, Tata
McGraw Hill.
• Financial Markets & Institutions, Vinod Kumar, Atul Gupta, Manmeet Kaur
Bawa; Taxmann
• Business Environment, Francis Cherunilam
• Business Environment- B.N. Ghosh, Oxford University Press
Reference Books
o Indian Economy: Performance & Policies, 8th Ed.- Uma Kapila, Academic
Foundation, New Delhi
• Global Business Environments & Strategies- A. Aregbeshola, J. Luiz, K.
Ojah, T. Oosthuizen, P. Palmer. P. Venter,
• International Business Environment and Operations- John D. Daniels,
Pearson Education,
Web References: Web- sites of RBI, SEBI, IRDA, BSE, NSE, IBEF etc.
P24. Vocational Course II
Page 25 of 57
B.Com. – Semester V
P25. Goods and Service Tax (GST)

• Learn the concept of Indirect tax from Pre-GST period to Post-GST period.
• Understand the difference between forward charge, reverse charge mechanism and
the difference between composite and mixed supply.
• Know the contents and format for various documents like tax invoice, bill of supply,
debit note, credit note etc.
• Record and analyze the transactions for compliance under GST.
• Understand the procedure for registration, payment and refund of GST as well as
mechanism to determine it.
Unit-I : Concept and types of Indirect Tax; Right to impose indirect tax by Centre (Union)/State and
Union Territory Governments before and after 101st Amendment of the Constitution of India;
Introduction of GST in India; Definition - Supply, Aggregate Turnover, Person, Business,
Appropriate Government, Mixed Supply, Composite Supply, GSTN, GSTIN, E-Commerce Input
Tax Credit etc. GST Models : Single GST & Dual GST; Types of GST:- CGST,SGST/UTGST,IGST
; Levy and Collection of GST.
Unit –II : Registration under GST: Persons liable to get registered, Compulsory Registration,
Registration Procedure, Reverse Charge Mechanism, Composition Scheme and assessment
under composition scheme; Zero rated supply; Exemption from GST, GST tax rate.
Unit-III : Input Tax Credit (ITC), Eligibility and conditions for taking Input Tax Credit, Apportionment
of ITC and Blocked Credit; Various Documents under GST- Tax Invoice, Bill for Supply, Debit
Note, Credit Note, Payment Voucher, Receipt Voucher, E-way bill, HSN Code and SAC Code.
Unit-IV : Assessment and Administration of GST - Types of GST Returns, Types of Assessment &
Assessment Procedures, Role and Functions of GST Council, Tax Authorities and their powers;
Tax deduction at Source & Tax Collection at Source, Refund of Tax.
References :
Text Books
1. S.K. Shukla : GST in India (Hindi & English)
Suggested Readings
1. Bare Act
Web References
1. Taxman : Goods and Service Tax (Hindi & English)
P26. Principles and Practice of Insurance

• Gain knowledge about the concept & purpose of insurance, Double insurance, Over
insurance, Under-insurance and Re-insurance.
• Gain insight about the Theories, Principles and Contracts of Insurance.
• Learn various policies, Terms & conditions and Types of Life Insurance.
Page 26 of 57
• Gain knowledge regarding basic principles of Fire Insurance policy, assignment and
claims.
• Acquire knowledge on Principles, Types, Conditions and Warranties in Marine
Insurance policy as well as marine losses.
Unit –I : Introduction, Purpose and Need of Insurance, Insurance as a social security tool;
Insurance and economic development, Theories of Insurance, Principles of Insurance Contract,
Risk, Double insurance, Over insurance, Under insurance, Re-insurance.
Unit –II : Life Insurance – Principles and Practice; Life insurance contracts; nature and
characteristics, Types of life insurance policies, Terms & Conditions of the policy, Nomination and
Assignment of policies, Computation of premium, Annuity payments, Mortality Table.
Unit –III : Fire Insurance – The basic principles of Fire Insurance contracts, Fire Policy; Conditions,
Assignment, Claims.
Unit –IV : Marine Insurance – General Principles, Conditions and Warranties in marine insurance
policy, Types of Marine insurance policies; Assignment of policy, Loss and abandonment, Marine
losses.
References :
Text Books
1. S.K. Shukla – Insurance Law & Accounts (Hindi & English)
2. S.N. Mishra – Insurance
3. Arif Khan - Insurance
4. M.N. Mishra – Insurance
Suggested Readings
1. Huebner – Life Insurance
2. Maclean – Life Insurance
3. Godwin – Principles and Practices of Fire Insurance
4. Bal Chand – Bima Ke Prambhik Prakaran
Web References
1. Leigh – A Guide of Life Insurance
2. Insurance Act 1938
3. Young – Insurance
P27. Introduction to Entrepreneurship

Course Objectives
The course aims to develop the ideas of Entrepreneurship among students and
provide them the insights into the management functions needed to set up and
successfully run the Business Ventures.
Course Outcomes
• Develop the concepts of Entrepreneurship and its practical significance
• Develop the capability to identify business opportunities and work on them
• Learn to develop a Business Plan with sufficient focus on Technology,
Human Resource and management of Financial resources
• Learn to source the funds and apply them efficiently
Page 27 of 57
Unit I: Entrepreneurship: Concept and objective. Entrepreneurial Traits and
Mindset. Misconceptions and Myths about Entrepreneurship. Motivation for
becoming an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurship as a Career Option.
Unit II: Creativity, Innovation and Entrepreneurship. bottlenecks to Creativity,

sources of New Ideas, techniques for generating ideas, accessing Business
Potential of an Idea, Idea to Opportunity: Opportunity recognition.
Types of New Ventures, Tax implications of various forms of Ventures.
Intellectual Property Rights (IPR): Patents, Trademarks and Copyrights.
Unit III: Business Plan: Purpose and Contents of a Business Plan.

Marketing Plan: Industry Analysis, Competitor Analysis, Market Segmentation,
Target Markets, Market Positioning, Marketing Mix.
Operation and Production Plan: Product Design and Specifications, Types of
Production Systems, Location and Layout Decisions, Plant and Technology
Choices.
Organisation Plan: Planning HR requirements, Organisational Structure and
Systems.
Financial Plan: Budgeting. Preparation of projected Statements, Profit and Loss
Accounts / Income Statement and Balance Sheet.
Unit IV: Financing of New Ventures: Stages of Financing, Sources of Finance –

Seed Funding, Venture Capital Funding, Bank Funding, Lease Financing. Funding
opportunities and Institutional Support in India.
Key Financial Indicators: Break-Even Analysis, Ratio Analysis, Valuation Methods,
Sensitivity analysis.
Text Books
• Arya Kumar, Entrepreneurship, Pearson, Delhi.
• Fundamentals of Entrepreneurship & Project Planning, Jaiswal Bimal, Banerjee
Richa & Mishra Padma; New Royal Book Company
• Poornima M.CH., Entrepreneurship Development –Small Business Enterprises,
Pearson, Delhi.
• Anil Kumar, S., et.al., Entrepreneurship Development, New Age International
Publishers, New Delhi.
• A.Sahay, M. S. Chhikara, New Vistas of Entrepreneurship: Challenges
&Opportunities,
• Rajeev Roy, Entrepreneurship, Oxford, New Delhi.
Reference Books
• Social Entrepreneurship: Ram Krishna Reddy Kummitha
• The art of social enterprises: Carl Frankel & Allen Bromerger
Web References
• https://www.entrepreneur.com/
• https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/Entrepreneurship.html
• https://www.oberlo.in/blog/what-is-entrepreneurship
• https://www.ownr.co/blog/what-is-entrepreneurship/
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P28. Managing Business Operations

Course Objectives
The objective of this course is to introduce the students with the intricacies of
Business Operations. The course discusses the Locational and Layout issues,
Material Handlings and work-study techniques involved in Business Operations. It
also elaborates on the significance of Production Planning & control, Quality Control
and Inventory management in the organizations.
Course Outcomes
Upon successful completion of this course the students will be able to comprehend
the operational activities in any organization - Production based and/or Service
Based. They will be able to effectively & efficiently execute different operational
functions in any business organization.
Unit I: Introduction: Meaning, Nature and Scope of Production and Operation

Management. Objectives of Operations Management. Duties and Responsibilities of
Operations Management. Production Function. Systems approach to Operations
Management. Manufacturing system: Mass, Batch, Job-Shop and Project.
Unit II: Plant Location: Nature, Factors considered in location and Methods. Plant
Layout: Objective of good layout, Factors influencing layout and Types of layout.
Material Handling Equipment: Importance, Objective, Principles, Factors affecting
selection of equipment and types of handling equipment.
Unit III: Work Study: Method study and work measurement- Importance,
Objectives, Application areas, Steps in method study and Techniques of work
measurement. Production Planning and Control: Role and Scope of PPC in
Operations Management, Factors influencing production planning and benefits of
production control.
Unit IV: Inventory Management: Factors influencing and Objectives of inventory

management. Techniques of inventory management. Quality Control and Materials
Management.
Text Books:
• Ashwathappa K & Bhat K. Shridhara - Production & Operation Management,
Himalaya Publication
• Mahadevan, B. Operations Management: Theory & Practice, Pearson
Education, New Delhi
• Upendra Kachru, Production & Operations Management, Excel Books.
• S N Chary – Production and Operations Management (McGraw Hill)
Reference Books:
• Heizer and Render – Operations Management (Prentice Hall)
• William J Stevenson – Operations Management (McGraw Hill)
• Adam Jr Everetl E. & Ebert R J – Production and Operations Management
(Prentice-Hall)
• Dilworth James B – Operations Management (Mc Graw Hill)
• Adam,E.E and Ebert, Production & Operations Management (latest edition),
Prentice Hall of India,
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• Gaither and Frazier, Operations Management, Thomson South Western
• Heizer Jay and Render Barry. Production & Operations Management, Pearson
Education
• Byron J Finch, Operations Now, Tata McGraw Hill Publication
• William J. Stevenson, Operations Management, McGraw Hill Publication
• Jacobs, Chase,. and Ravi Shankar. Operations and Supply Chain
Management, McGraw Hill
• Russell & Taylor, Operations & Supply Chain Management, Wiley Publication
Web References
• https://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/operations-management.asp
• https://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Ob-Or/Operations-
Management.html
• https://www.inc.com/encyclopedia/operations-management.html
29X. Company Law and Practice

Course Outcomes
The course aims to provide the knowledge needed to incorporate a Company and
legally administer all its affairs as per the Company Law in India.
Course Outcomes
• Understand the nature, types and formation of companies in India
• Understand and draft Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association
• Plan the management of Share Capital and its Issuance
• Understand the legal implications in appointment of company officials and
conduct and scope of Company Meetings
Unit I: Definition & nature of Company, types of Companies, formation of

Companies, Liability of promoters, Incorporation of Companies, Commencement of
business
Unit II: Memorandum of Association (MOA), Contents, Doctrine of Ultra-vires,

Articles of Association (AOA), Doctrine of Indoor Management & exceptions to it
Unit III: Prospectus, Statements in view of prospectus, Mis-statement & their

remedies, share capital, Allotment of shares – definition of share, Share warrant,
Share certificate, Difference between share & stock, Calls on shares, Types of
shares, Voting rights, Right issues.
Unit IV: Management of Company, Appointment of directors, Legal Position, Duties

& liabilities & Powers, Company Meetings- Statutory, Annual general meeting,
extraordinary meeting, meeting of BOD, Guidelines for managerial remuneration,
Quorum for different meetings, Kinds of resolutions, Provisions regarding
borrowing, issue of debentures, dividend, bonus shares, and winding up.
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Text Books
• Company Law and secretarial practice by SM Shukla and P Mahajan,
Sahitya Bhawan Prakashan
• Corporate Laws by MC Kuccha,l Mahavir book depot
• An Easy Approach to Corporate Laws, by Sharma JP Ane Books Pvt Ltd.
• Indian Companies Law by Harpal Singh, Galgotia publishing house
• Company Law and Secretarial Practice, Sherlerkar
• Company Law, Avtar Singh
Reference Books
• Companies Act and corporate Laws, Bharat Law House Pvt Ltd
• Company Law and Procedure by Kannal and Sowrirajan, Taxman's Allied
Services pvt Ltd.
• A Guide to Companies Act by Ramaiya, Lexis Nexis.
Web References
• https://www.mca.gov.in/Ministry/pdf/CompaniesAct2013.pdf
• http://ebook.mca.gov.in/default.aspx
• https://lawexplores.com/introduction-to-company-law/
P29Y. Concepts of Valuation

Course Objectives
This course aims to equip students with the concepts of ‘Time Value of Money’ and
how these concepts are used to estimate the value of various types of securities
generating different streams of cash flows.
Course Outcomes
• Develop a thorough understanding of present and future value concepts
• Grasp the techniques to estimate and analyze all types of Annuities
• Fully understand the concepts of Fixed Income Securities and estimation of
present and future values of their cash-flows
• Develop a thorough knowledge of the concepts of Variable income securities
(Shares) along with the knowledge of their Issuance and Trading in Capital
Markets
Unit I: Cost Price, Selling Price and Profit Margin, Simple and Compound Interest.
Future value and Present value. Bill Discounting and Average Due Date.
Unit II: Annuity: ordinary annuity, annuity due, future value of annuity calculation,
determining present value and future value of annuity stream of payments,
Compounding frequency, the present value of perpetuities, Determining the present
value of uneven cash flow streams, Determining the present value of deferred
annuities, Net present value.
Unit III: The characteristics of fixed-income (debt and preferred stock) securities
including a. Types of each form of security b. Features c. Users d. Advantages and
disadvantages, Reading and interpreting financial market data, including stock and
bond price quotations, capitalization of cash flows from the asset, as well as the
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risk-free rate. The value of a bond with a finite maturity date, the yield to maturity of
a bond, the value of a perpetual bond, or perpetuity, Preferred stocks.
Unit-IV: The characteristics of variable income (common stock) securities –

Stockholder rights, Features, Advantages and disadvantages, Methods of selling
securities in the primary capital markets – public, cash offering, Direct placement,
Rights offering to shareholders, The general dividend valuation model, constant
growth dividend valuation model, Zero growth dividend valuation, non-constant
growth dividend valuation model.
Text Books:
• Concepts of Valuation by Mohd. Anees, Publisher “New Royal Book Company”
• Concepts in Valuation by Dr Ajai Prakash & Dr. Saroj Kumar Publisher “Thakur
Publication”
• Concepts in Valuation by Biman Jaiswal & Leena S Shimpi, Sahitya Bhawan.
Reference Books:
o Business Mathematics by Mohd. Shadab Khan Publisher “VIVA BOOKS”.
• Business Mathematics by S. M. Shukla, Publisher “Sahitya Bhawan Publication”.
• Business Mathematics: D. C. Sancheti & V. K. Kapoor, Sultan Chand & Sons
• Business Mathematics: S. K. Shukla & Gurmeet Kaur, Sultan Chand & Sons
• Business Mathematics: Hazarika Padmalochan, Sultan Chand & Sons
• Business Mathematics: Qazi Zameeruddin,, Vijay K. Khanna, S.K. Bhambri:
Vikas Publishing
Web References:
• https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/valuation/valuation-
principles/
• https://www.academia.edu/39366894/PRINCIPLES_OF_VALUATION_DEFINITI
ON_OF_COST_PRICE_AND_VALUE
P30. Internship Project
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B.Com. – Semester VI
P31. Income Tax Law and Accounts

• Know about the basic concept of Income Tax.

• Understand the provisions of Income tax in order to minimize the ultimate tax liability by
setting off loss due to agricultural Income.
• Understand the provisions relating to residential status and incidence/charge of Tax.
• Compute total income under five Heads of Income i.e. Salaries, House Property, Profits
& Gains from Business & Profession, Capital Gains and Other Sources.
• Acquire knowledge of the provisions and procedure for clubbing & aggregation of
incomes and set-off & carry forward of losses.
• Understand provisions about appeal & revision, tax penalties, offence and
prosecutions.
Unit-I : Basic Concepts: Income, agricultural income, casual income, assessment year, previous
year, gross total income, total income, person. Tax evasion, avoidance and tax planning, Basics of
Charge; Scope of total income, residence and tax liability, income which does not form part of total
income, deduction from Gross total income.
Unit-II : Heads of the Income: Salaries; Income from house property; Profit and gains of business
and profession. Capital gains; Income from other sources.
Unit-III : Deemed income: Aggregation of Income, Set-off and carry forward of losses; Tax
Authorities; Assessment procedures.
Unit-IV : Computations of total income of an individual, H.UF
References :
Text Books
1. Shukla S.K. – Income Tax : Laws and Accounts ( Hindi & English)
2. Mehrotra, H.C. – Income Tax Law & Accounts;
Suggested Readings
1. Dinker Pagare: Income Tax Law and Practice; Sultan Chand & Sons, New Delhi
2. Grish Ahuja & Ravi Gupta, Systematic approach to income tax, Sahitya Bhawan
publication, New Delhi.
Web References
1. Singhanai V.K. – Students, Guide of Income Tax, Taxman, Delhi
2. Prasad, Bhagwati: Income Tax Law & Practice; Wiley Publication, New Delhi
P32. Principles and Practice of Marketing

• Have knowledge about marketing and its functions.

• Understand what is a product, its classifications and product life cycle
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• Gain knowledge about the mechanism of price determination of a product in various
markets.
• Understand the need and significance of distribution channels.
• Gain insight of the concept of advertising and how it affects the buying habits of a
consumer.
• Understand and trap the psyche of consumer in order to market a product.
UNIT I: Introduction: Meaning, Nature and scope of marketing, Marketing concepts, importance of
marketing, Difference between Selling vs. marketing; Marketing mix; Function of Marketing,
Marketing environment.
UNIT - II: Market Segmentation Meaning and definition of market segmentation, Strategies opted
for market segmentation, Bases for market segmentation, benefits of market segmentation.
Consumer Behaviour-Meaning and Importance of consumer behaviour, factors determining
consumer behaviour, stages in the buying decision process.
UNIT– III: Concept of Product, classification of products, Product Mix, Product Life Cycle, stages in
new product development. Product Branding, Product Packaging, Product labelling, After- sales
service. Pricing of product-Meaning Objectives and Importance of pricing, Factors affecting price of
a product, Methods of Pricing, Discounts and rebates.
UNIT - IV: Promotion and Advertising- Promotion Meaning and Objectives, Promotion Mix,
Methods of promotion, Advertising- Meaning and Objectives of advertising their relative merits and
limitations; Characteristics of an effective advertisement, Personal selling. Channels of distribution
and Physical Distribution: Distribution channels - concept and role; Types of distribution channels;
Factors affecting choice of a distribution channel; Retailer and wholesaler; Physical distribution of
goods; Transportation Warehousing; Inventory control; Order processing.
References :
Text Books
1. Gupta, A.P. – Bharat Mein Viparan Ke Sidhant Thata Vyohar
2. Saxena R., Marketing Management,
3. Gupta C.B. & Nair N. Rajan – Marketing Management
4. Dutta Debray & Dutta Mahua - Marketing Management
5. Shukla Ajit Kumar - Marketing Management
Suggested Readings
1. Maheshwari K.L., Maheshwari R.K. & Ram Milan – Marketing Management
2. Chatterjee A. & Chaturvedi R.K.– Marketing Fundamentals – A Contemporary
Insight
3. Varshney, R.L. & Gupta, S.P. – International Marketing Management
4. Bansal S.P.– Marketing Management
Web References
1. Kotler Philip and Armstrong G., Principles of Marketing, Pearson.
2. Sherlekar S. A., Marketing Management, Himalaya Publishing House.
3. Pillai R.S.N. & Bagarathi – Modern Market
P33. Indian Economy

Course Outcome : After the course the students will be able to:
1. Understand the fundamentals of Indian economy.
2. Analyze the changing dimensions of Indian economy.
3. Acquaint with changing dimensions of our economy.
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4. Provide the knowledge about various policies and programmes run by our government
and their impact on our economy.
UNIT-1
Concept and Features of Developing and Developed economy, Nature and structure of
Indian Economy, Characteristics and problems of Indian Economy, Planning in India: Five
year plans – Achievements and failures, NITI Aayog.
Unit –II
Indian Agriculture –Its features and problems. Agricultural development in planned
era.Green revolution, Agricultural marketing. Problem of unemployment, Forms of
Unemployment, Employment Generation and Poverty Alleviation Programmes in India.
Unit –III
Indian Industry: Large scale, small scale and cottage industries, MSME, MUDRA Scheme
Industrial development during five year plans, Industrial policy-Make in India, Industrial
Sickness, Industrial finance: Sources and Institutions.
UNIT-IV
Infrastructure in the Indian Economy, Energy Sector: Sources, Energy crisis and measures
to tackle. Population growth and Population explosion, Population Policy and programmes.
References:
Text Books :
1. Misra S.K. and Puri V.K. – Indian Economy
2. Jaiswal B. - Indian Economy
3. Singh A.K & Dwivedi Priya. - Indian Economy
4. Datta and Sundaram – Indian Economy (English & Hindi)
1. Current Economic Survey
2. The Stiglitz Report by Joseph E Stiglitz.
3. The Argumentative Indian by Amartya Sen.
4. Imagining India by Nandan Nilekani.
5. Indira: The Life of Indira Nehru Gandhi by Katherine Frank.
6. India After Gandhi: The History of the World's Largest Democracy by Ramachandra
Guha.
Web References :
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P34. Applied Business Statistics

Course Outcome : On completion of this course, the students will be able to:
1. Describe and discuss the key terminology, concepts tools and techniques used in
business statistical analysis;
2. Critically evaluate the underlying assumptions of analysis tools;
3. Understand and critically discuss the issues surrounding sampling and significance;
Discuss critically the uses and limitations of statistical analysis;
4. Solve a range of problems using the techniques covered;
5. Conduct basic statistical analysis of data.
Unit-I
Statistical System in India – Indian Statistical Machinery – Organisation at Central and
State level, National Sample Survey Organisation – Organisation, Functions, Design and
Technique. National Income Statistics: Methods of measuring National Income and related
aggregates
Unit - II
Population Statistics – Nature, Importance and Methods of Population Census. Population
Census in India. Vital Statistics- Computation of birth, death, Fertility and Reproduction
rates.
Unit- III
Analysis of Time Series – Meaning, Importance and Purposes, Components of Time
Series Analysis. Long Term Trend and Seasonal Variation measurement – Different
methods. Statistical Quality control: Concept, Utility and Techniques. Construction of
control charts for Variables and Attributes
Unit- IV
Index numbers and their uses: Definition, Importance and Limitations. Price, Quantity and
value index numbers, Methods of constructing index numbers, Tests of reversibility, WPI
and CPI, Deflating Index Numbers. Business Forecasting:Concept and Methods
References:
Text Books :
1. Singh Kumar Anoop - Applied and Business Statistics (Hindi)
2. Abrar Anjum – Applied and Business Statistics
3. Gupta S.P. – Statistical Methods
2. M.R. Spiegel, Theory and Problems of Statistics, Schaum’s Outlines Series
Web References :
2. https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/cec21_ma01/preview
3. https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc20_mg23/preview
4. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-05-introduction-to-probability-and-
statistics-spring-2014/
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P35X. Economics of Public Enterprises

Course Outcome : After learning this course, students would be able to:
• Understand in detail the fundamentals, working, evaluation etc. of public
enterprises.
• Manage the smooth functioning of the public enterprises for economy development.
• Understand the role and accountability of public enterprises in the development of
economy.
• Get the knowledge about the various business operations performed in the public
enterprises.
Unit-I
Concept of public enterprises, Role in national economy, Growth of public enterprise in
India.
Unit-II
Organisational Patterns- Departmental Undertaking, Statutory Corporations, Companies,
Holding Companies, Other Forms. Management- Public Enterprises Board, Functions
Responsibilities, Duties of Board of Directors, Delegation of Authority.
Unit-III
Pricing in Public Enterprises, Efficiency and Performance Evaluation, Financing of Public
Enterprises, Performance Budgeting, Financial Advisor, Disinvestment in PSUs.
Unit-IV
Accountability and Control – Public Accountability and Autonomy, Accountability to
Parliament, Control, Audit, Annual Reports, Consumer Organisation.
References:
Text Books :
1. Maheshwari, R.K. – Public Enterprise Management
2. Laxmi Narain – Principles Practice of Public Enterprise
3. Maheshwari R.K. – Lokupkram (Hindi)
1. Barnes, I.R. – Economics of Public Utility Regulation
2. Clemens E.W. – Economics and Public Utilities
3. Sleeman, J.F. – British Public Utilities
Web References :
1. http://ppup.ac.in/download/econtent/pdf/e-
content%20PPU.Public%20Enterprise%20BA-
II%20(%20Economics%20Hons)Public%20Finance(Paper-iv)%20%20By-
%20Dr.%20Anil%20Nath.pdf
2. http://cms.gcg11.ac.in/attachments/article/233/Public%20Enterprises-
%20Concept%20and%20Significance.pdf
3. http://cms.gcg11.ac.in/attachments/article/233/public%20corporation.pdf
4. https://bujhansi.ac.in/econtent/pages/shortcodes/ims/Presentation-
DR%20AMARJOT.pdf
5. http://old.nios.ac.in/srsec319new/319EL8.pdf
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P35Y. Export Import Procedure and Documentation

Course Outcome : After learning this course, the students will be able to:
• Understand the rules, regulations, procedures and documentation to be followed for
export-import trade in India.
• Know about various schemes and benefits offered by the government to exporters
and importers.
• Start their own export units.
Unit I
Exports-planning: Adaption, Standardisation and Packaging. Getting ready for Exports.
Procurement and processing of an export order and Export Contract. Export Costing &
Pricing, Export Documentation: Concept & Types. Steps in Export Procedure.
Unit II
Methods/Terms of payments for Exports, Export Financing: Pre Shipment and Post
Shipment Financing. Export Credit Guarantee Corporation of India (ECGC of India).Quality
control and inspection in Exports. Type of risks, Cargo insurance: Contract, procedures
and documentation for cargo loss claims, INCO Terms.
Unit- III:
Central Excise and custom clearance regulations- Procedures and Documentation. Export
/ trading / star trading / superstar trading houses; Objective criteria and benefits,
procedures and documentation; Policy for EOU / FTZ/ EPZ units, Objectives, criteria and
benefits.
Unit- IV
Institutional Support for India’s Foreign Trade, Export Incentives (Financial & Non-
Financial Incentives). Schemes for import of capital goods, Procedures and documentation
for new / second hand capital goods. International Logistics.
References:
Text Books :
1. Maheshwari R.K.& Ekta Rastogi- Export-Import Procedure & Documentation
2. Jaiswal Bimal & Yusuf Kamal - Export-Import Procedure & Documentation
3. Ramagopal C - Export-Import Procedure & Documentation
4. Lall Madhurima & Ahmad Sultan - Export-Import Procedure & Documentation
1. Exporters Manual- Nabhi Publication
2. Varshney R.L. – International Marketing
3. Current Annual RBI Report
4. Hill C.W. - International Business
Web References :
5. https://www.coursera.org/specializations/mba
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8. http://sdeuoc.ac.in/sites/default/files/sde_videos/International%20Business_0.pdf
9. http://www.universityofcalicut.info/SDE/International_Business_on13April2016.pdf
10. https://archive.mu.ac.in/myweb_test/M.Com.%20Study%20Material/M.Com.%20(P
art%20-%20I)%20Economics%20of%20Global%20Trade%20(Eng)%20-
%20Rev.pdf
P36. Minor Project
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Specialisation in Commerce
B.Com. – Semester VII
P37. Accounting for Managers

• Ability to understand the concept of Managerial Accounting along with the basic forms
and norms of Managerial Accounting.
• Ability to understand the terminologies associated with the field of Managerial
Accounting and control along with their relevance.
• Ability to identify the appropriate method and techniques of Managerial Accounting for
solving different problems.
• Ability to apply basic Managerial Accounting principles to solve business and industry
related issues and problems.
• Ability to understand the concept of Budgetary Control, Cash Flow Statement, Fund
Flow Statement, Break Even Analysis etc.
Unit I: Management Accounting- Concept, Meaning, Characteristics, Difference between

Financial Accounting Management Accounting, Difference between Cost Accounting and
Management Accounting, Techniques, Objectives and Importance. Management
Accountant- Duties, Status, Functions and Responsibility. Financial Statement Analysis
and Interpretation - Meaning, Objectives, Characteristics of an Ideal Financial Statement,
Parties Interested in Financial Statement, Types of Financial Analysis - Horizontal, Vertical
and Trend Analysis.
Unit II: Ratio Analysis: meaning, Utility, Classification of Ratios - Profitability Ratio, Activity
Ratio and Financial Position Ratios. Fund Flow and Cash Flow Statement- Concept,
Meaning of the term Fund and Preparation of Fund Flow Statement and Cash Flow
Statement (As-3).
Unit III: Business Budgeting: Meaning of Budget and Budgeting, Objectives, Limitations
and importance, Essentials of effective Budgeting, Classification of Budgets- Flexible
budget and Zero Based Budget. Marginal Costing: Meaning, Determination of Profit under
Marginal Costing, Pricing of Product, make or by Decision, Selection of most profitable
channel. Break Even Analysis: Concept and Practical Applications of Break even Analysis.
Unit IV : Standard Costing and Variance Analysis: Meaning and Objectives of Standard
Costing Setting of Standard, Variance Analysis: Material and Labour Variance. Reporting
to Management: Meaning, Objectives, Principles of Reporting, Importance of Reports,
Classification of Reports, Reporting at different Levels of Management.
References :
Text Books
1. Lall, B.M. and I.C. Jain: Cost Accounting: Principles and Practice.
2. Baig Nafees: Cost Accounting
3. Sharma R.K. and Gupta S.K.; Management Accounting.
4. Lal Jawahar; Managerial Accounting.
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P38. Financial Planning

• Understand the premise of financial planning and identify the financial goals.
• Critically evaluate the investment instruments suitable for different financial goals in
different time span.
• Apply appropriate financial instruments to manage individuals‘ finances.
• Analyse investment in primary market.
Unit I-Financial Planning & Investment Environment: Financial planning process and
life cycle approach, Ascertainment of financial goals; Application of investment alternatives
in financial plans - Bonds, Equity Shares, Mutual Funds, Fixed Deposits, PPF, Financial
Derivatives, Commodity derivatives, gold & bullion; Innovative investment products like
Exchange Traded funds (ETFs), Real Estate Investment Trusts (Reits), Infrastructure
Investment Trust (Invits); Independent opening and operation of trading and demat
account.
Unit II-Diversity in Financial Planning: Planning for life insurance and health insurance;
Primary clauses in life and healthcare insurance agreement; Application of compounding
and indexing; Balancing Mutual Funds; Funds‘ CAGR, SIP/ SWP/ STP and Index Funds;
Identification of common stocks with uncommon profits; Identification of competitive
durable advantage of equity; Equity with moat; Principles and variables of value investing
system (Using cases of Equity from BSE/ NSE).
Unit III-Building Financial Plans: Critical analysis of investments, Insurance and tax
saving instruments; Risk assessment of individual; Building financial plans using
spreadsheets; Evaluation of financial plan.
Unit IV-Credit & Retirement Planning: Assessment of credit; Reverse mortgage; Optimal
Use of Education loan; Consumer and housing finance; EMI: Calculations & Long term
Impact; Credit card management; Overdraft protection; Credit history, Retirement
solutions, Critical analysis of retirement planning, pension plans including taxes and
inflation; Estate planning- Objectives of will, creating a valid will; Power of attorney.
References :
Text Books
1. Buffet, Marry and Clark, David (2011). Warren Buffett and the Interpretation of
Financial Statement.
2. Fisher, A. Philip (2010). Common Stocks and Uncommon Profits.
3. Graham, Benjamin (2017). The Intelligent Investor.
4. Khurshed, Arif (2016). Initial Public Offerings: The mechanics and performance of IPOs
Web References
1. www.moneycontrol.com
2. www.valueresearch.com
3. www.marketsmojo.com
4. www.yahoofinance.com
Page 41 of 57
P39 Rural Marketing

• Understand issues in rural marketing and characteristics of rural market.
• Understand non-conventional methods of reaching rural markets.
• Develop marketing strategy for rural markets.
• Identify and explain factors which influence consumer behaviour.
• Relate internal dynamics such as personality, perception, learning, motivation and
attitude to the choices rural consumer make.
Unit I : Introduction of rural market

Concept, Nature, importance of rural marketing, factors contributing to the growth of rural
marketing, Understanding Rural market environment, Rural vs Urban marketing,
Challenges in rural marketing and strategy to overcome the challenges, rural marketing
research.
Unit II : Rural market Behaviour

Characteristics, attitude and buying patterns of rural Consumer, Factors influencing rural
consumer behaviour, Need for rural market segmentation, bases and market segmentation
strategies.
Unit III : Product and Pricing for Rural Product

Product planning for rural markets, Product Concept and Classification, Product line and
mix decision, Pricing objectives, Pricing Strategies in rural market, Factors influencing
pricing decision – Packaging and Branding Decision.
Unit IV : Distribution Decisions for Rural Market

Distribution channels and logistics in rural markets, Innovations in rural distribution.
Advertising : Choice of media in rural marketing.
Sales Promotion : Different ways of means, innovations in advertisement & promotions,
challenges in rural communication.
References :
Text Books
1. Pradeep Kashyap : Rural Marketing
2. Sanal Kumar Velayudhan – Rural Marketing
3. Gopalsway, T.P. – Rural Marketing, Wheeler
4. Sukhpal Singh – Rural Marketing, Vikas
5. Raja Gopal – Rural Marketing, Rawat
P40X. Labour Welfare Laws

• Interpret the various provisions under the Act and understand how they can be used to
improve industrial harmony.
• Understand policies related to compensation, insurance, provident funds, gratuity etc.
for the benefit of the company and employees.
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• Understand the role and complexities of trade unions in order to maintain cordial
relations between management and labour.
• Gain knowledge of the provisions of various acts like Payment of Gratuity Act,
Workmen's Compensation Act, Trade Union Act, Employees' Provident Funds,
Miscellaneous Provisions Act and its application for labour welfare.
Unit I : Employees State Insurance Act, 1948 – Definition, Scope of the Act, Corporation,
Standing committee, Medical Benefit council, Finance and Audit, Employees' State
Insurance fund, Combination, Benefits, Adjudication of Disputes and Claims, Penalties.
Unit-II : Payment of Gratuity Act, 1952 – Scope and application, definition, continuous
service, controlling authority, payment of gratuity, power to exempt, nomination,
determination of the amount of gratuity, inspectors, recovery of gratuity, penalties.
Unit-III : Employees' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 –

Definition, scope of the act, Employees Provident fund, scheme and authorities.
Determination of money due from Employers, Appellate Tribunal, Inspectors, offences and
penalties.
Unit-IV : Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923 – Introduction, definitions, employer's

liability for compensation, rules as to compensation, commission and procedure before
them, offences and penalties.
Trade Union Act, 1926 – Definitions, scope of the act, Objectives and its provisions.
References :
Text Books
1. S.K. Shukla & K.P. Tewari – Labour & Welfare Law (Hindi & English)
2. S.N. Mishra – Industrial Law
3. V.K. Goswami - Industrial Law
4. P.K. Jain - Industrial Law
5. Badri Prasad – Udyogik Sanniyam (Hindi)
P40Y. Legal Environment of Business

• Create premise and clear understanding for legal aspects of transfer of property.
• Comprehend and utilize laws relating to Societies and Trusts for start-ups and
entrepreneurial ventures, independently.
• Comprehend and utilize laws relating to Intellectual Property, Patents, Copyright,
Trademark etc.
• Learn about the legitimate rights and obligations under The Right to Information Act.
Unit I-Law relating to Transfer of Property: Important definitions; Types of properties;

Movable and immovable property; Properties which cannot be transferred; Rule against
perpetuities; Lis pendens; provisions relating to sale; Mortgage, charge, lease, gift and
actionable claim.
Unit II-Law relating to Societies and Trusts: General concept relating to registration of
societies; Property of societies; suits by and against societies; Enforcement of judgment
against societies; Dissolution of societies; General concept relating to trusts; Creation of a
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trust; Duties and liabilities of trustees; Rights and powers of trustees, disabilities of
trustees; Rights and liabilities of the beneficiary.
Unit III-Law relating to Intellectual Property: Concept and development of intellectual

property law in India; law and procedure relating to patents, trademarks and copyrights;
Geographical indications; Design act; overview of laws relating to other intellectual
property rights; Intellectual property appellate board.
Unit IV-Law Relating to Information: Right to Information Act, 2005- Definitions, right to
information, obligations of public authorities, request for obtaining information, disposal of
request, exemption from disclosure of information, grounds for rejection to access in
certain cases, severability; Central information commission- Its constitution, term of office,
conditions of service and removal; Powers and functions of Central Information
Commissions, appeals and penalties.
References :
Text Books
1. Pathak, A. Legal Aspects of Business
2. Bare Acts on Laws Relating to Societies and Trusts
3. Bare Acts on Intellectual Property Act
4. Bare Acts on Right to Information Act Law
P41X. Financial Institutions and Markets

• Understand the working of financial institutions and markets both individually and as an
interlinked system.
• Understand the organization, role, functioning and need for regulation of different types
of financial markets and the implications of the same on society.
• Critically analyze the pivotal role of banking in a financial system and the reasons for it
being among the most tightly regulated industries in the world.
• Understand the impediments to financial inclusion and critically evaluate different ways
of developing sustainable financial inclusion. Also critically analyse the working of the
micro finance industry.
Unit I – Introduction: Overview of financial markets and financial instruments; Role of

financial institutions, depository and non-depository institutions; Consolidation &
competition among financial institutions; Financial conglomerates. Overview of the Indian
financial system including financial sector reforms; Other contemporary issues in finance.
Unit II- Banking: An overview of the banking industry; Balance sheet of a bank; Sources &
uses of funds of banks, fee based & off balance sheet activities; Securitization; Bank
earnings & bank performance, investment banking; Bank failure & regulation; Reasons for
banks being heavily regulated, bank run, deposit insurance, capital adequacy regulation
and a critique of the Basel norms, bank examination etc; The problem of moral hazard &
too big to fail institutions; RBI and its policy evolution.
Unit III- Financial Markets: Money markets-organization, economic role, instruments &
regulation; Capital Markets- Primary & secondary markets and their organization; Different
types of market structures, short selling and its implications, buying on margin; Stock
Page 44 of 57
market indicators, their methods of computation and implications of the same; Security
market regulation and stability.
Unit IIII- Financial Inclusion: Concept of financial inclusion; Challenges involved in

measuring financial inclusion; Impediments to financial inclusion; Role of financial inclusion
in reducing poverty and income inequality, evidence based examples of policies to support
healthy and sustainable financial inclusion. Micro finance and its relevance; Challenges
faced by the micro finance industry; Change in the sources of funding of the micro finance
institutions; Critical evaluation of the working of the micro finance industry, the problem of
mission drift.
References :
Text Books
1. Madura, J. (2014). Financial Markets and Institutions.
2. Jaiswal, B. &Venkatraman, B.(2019). Financial Market,Institutions, & Financial Services
3. Mishkin, F.S. (2015). The Economics of Money Banking and Financial Markets.
4. Mohan, R. & Ray, P. (2017). Indian Financial Sector: Structure, Trends and Turns.
P41Y. Essentials of E-commerce

• This course is to familiarize the student with the basic of e-commerce and to
comprehend its potential.
Unit I: Internet and Commerce: Business Operations in Commerce Practices Vs

Traditional Business Practices; Benefits of E-Commerce to Organization, Consumers, And
Society; Limitation of E-Commerce
Unit II: Application in B2C: Consumers Shopping Procedure on The Internet; Products in
B2C Model; E-Brokers; Broker- Based Service Online; Online Travel Tourism Services;
Benefits and Impact of E-Commerce on Travel Industry, Online Stock Trading and Its
Benefits; Online Banking and Its Benefit; Online Financial Services and its Future
Unit III: Application in B2B: Applications of B2B; Key Technologies for B2B,
Characteristics of The Supplier Oriented Marketplace, Buyer Oriented Marketplace and
Intermediate Oriented Marketplace; Just in Time Delivery in B2B.
Unit IV: Applications in Governance: EDI In Governance; E Government; E Governance

Applications Of The Internet, Concept Of Government-To-Business, Business-To-
Government And Citizen-To-Government; E-Governance Models; Private Sector Interface
In E Governance
References :
Text Books
1. Nidhi Dhawan Introduction To E-Commerce International Book House Private
2. Agarwal Kamlesh And And Agarwal Diksha Bridge To The Online To A Front New
Delhi India Macmillan India (Hindi and English)
3. Pandey- Concept Of E-Commerce, S.K. Kataria And Sons(Hindi and English)
Page 45 of 57
P42. Research Methodology

• Understand Research and identify research problems.
• Learn Quantitative and Qualitative Methods of research.
• Represent data in tabular as well as graphical manner.
• Write Research paper and Preparation of Report
Unit I: Introduction, Nature, Scope and Significance of Business Research Methodology,

Methods of Research, Research Process, Research Design.
Unit II: Research Problem : Selection and formulation of research Problems.
Unit III: Sampling Design, Data Collection, Tabulation, Different Sources of Primary and
Secondary sources of Data Collection.
Unit IV: Analysis of Data, Statistics tools of data analysis, Interpretation of Data and
Preparation of Report, Writing, Presentation, Footnotes, References, Bibliography,
Appendices.
References :
Text Books
1. Anderson, Durason and Poole – Thesis and Assignment
2. Kothari, C.R. – Research Methodology Methods and Techniques
3. Lokesh Kual – Research Methodology
4. Ferber, R. – Marketing Research
BCom Semester VIII
P43. Major Research Project (24 Credits)
Page 46 of 57
BCom Semester VII
Specialisation in Applied Economics
P37. ADVANCED MICROECONOMIC ANALYSIS

Course Outcome:
• To understand the core concepts of demand, cost and production within the broad
neo-classical and behavioral economics framework.
• To get familiarized with basic mathematical tools related to the core concepts.
• To be able to comprehend the interaction of the forces of demand and supply for
the determination of equilibrium price and quantity.
• To understand the links between consumer behaviour, producer behaviour and the
application of economic models to real life situation.
• Understand the applied aspect of production costs and the economic models. Apply
economic reasoning to individual and firm behaviour.
• To understand the practical aspects of market and their applicability to real
business world.
• Finally, to get familiarized with economic aspects of the affairs of an economy on
daily basis.
UNIT –I
Consumer Behaviour- Measurement of Utility: Cardinal vs Ordinal Approaches, Direct and
Indirect Utility Function. Indifference Curve Analysis: Decomposition of price effect (Slutsky
Approach); Compensated and Uncompensated Demand Function. Applications of
Indifference Curve: Consumer Surplus, Rationing, Tax. Theory of Revealed Preference:
Strong and Weak Ordering and Theory of Demand.
UNIT –II
Concept of Demand Function and Measurement of Point Elasticity of Demand and Supply.
Demand Forecasting – Purpose, Methods and Demand for New Products, Criteria of Good
Forecasting Method. Consumer Choice under Risk and Uncertainty: The Neumann –
Morgenstern Method.
UNIT –III
Theory of Production: Homogeneous Production Function, Elasticity of Input Substitution
and Technological Progress, Cobb-Douglas, CES. Cost Function: Traditional and Modern
Theory of Cost and Saucer shaped cost curves; Concept of Cost Function and its
Measurement.
UNIT - IV
Market and Pricing: Monopoly: Degree of Monopoly Power, Bilateral Monopoly, Price
Discrimination in Monopoly. Oligopoly: Non-Collusive Oligopoly- Models of Cournot,
Chamberlin and Sweezy; Collusive Oligopoly: Cartel and Price Leadership Models-Low
cost. Introduction to General Equilibrium Analysis – Pareto Optimality.
References:
Text Books :
1. Ahuja, H.L. – Advanced Economic Theory
2. Jhingan, M.L. – Advanced Economic Theory
3. Varshney R.L. & Maheshwari K.L. – Managerial Economics
Page 47 of 57
4. Maheshwari, K. L. & Maheshwari, R. K.- Vyavasaik Evam Prabandhakiya
Arthshastra.(Hindi)
5. Maheshwari, K. L. & Maheshwari, R. K. – Advanced Economic Analysis.
6. Vaishampayan, J.V. – Managerial Economics
1. Koutsoyannis – Modern Microeconomics
2. Varian, H. R. – Intermediate Microeconomics.
Web References :
1. https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc21_hs52/preview
2011/
2011/unit-2-consumer-theory/
2011/unit-4-welfare-economics/
7. https://openstax.org/details/books/principles-microeconomics-2e
8. https://journals.sagepub.com/home/mic
P38. MANAGING PERSONAL FINANCE

Course Outcome:
• Help analyse the process of making personal finance decisions, making strategies
for listing and achieving personal finance goals.
• Help understand the concept of consumer credit, its importance and use in
managing personal finance.
• Help understand the management of risk involved in personal life and its
management.
• Help understand various investment options so that earnings and savings can be
smartly managed.
• Taking care of personal assets and liabilities to live a healthy financial life.
UNIT –I
Basics of Personal Finance: meaning, definition, need, importance; understanding the
effect of time & compounding on value of Money and Wealth Creation; Approaches to
Personal Financial Planning; Understanding the financial planning process of an individual;
Financial decision based on life stages of a person; Factors affecting personal financial
planning - macro and micro factor; Preparation of personal financial statements & Personal
Budget; Personal Tax management; Principles for Wealth Building; Personal Financial
management & Career planning; Professional and Ethical consideration in Personal
Financial Planning
UNIT –II
Personal Credit Management: Understanding Risk in managing credit, Types of financial
risks involved in personal financial planning, Importance of Risk returns trade-off in
Page 48 of 57
personal finance management, Consumer credit- meaning, importance, Uses of credit,
advantages & disadvantages of credit; Types of credit – open ended and close ended
credit; Sources of consumer credit; choosing a source of credit; Consumer complains &
consumer protection.
UNIT –III
Insuring against Risk to Personal Resources: Need for insuring personal resources,
importance of insuring personal resources, its advantages & disadvantages; Insuring Life:
meaning, purpose of life insurance, need for insuring life, types of policies offered. Insuring
Property – meaning, need, types of property insurance, types of property losses, Home
insurance, Renter’s insurance. Vehicle insurance – meaning, need, types, coverage of
vehicle insurance, vehicle insurance cost; Health insurance- meaning, need, cost of health
insurance, types of coverage.
UNIT –IV
Investment of Financial Resources: Personal investment plan, Factors affecting choice
of investment, Sources of investment information for personal finance, Exploring
Investment Alternatives for personal finance: Categorisation of investment alternatives,
Investing personal savings in marketable securities, Investing personal savings in bank
deposits, Investing in Postal Deposits ; Investing in Real Estate; Investment in Collectibles.
Planning for Safe Financial Future after Retirement: reasons for retirement planning,
planning for retirement income, early retirement plan; Estate Planning: meaning of estate
planning, need for estate planning, Wills: meaning of will, preparation of Will, Types of Will.
References:
Text Books :
1. Kapoor J, Dlabay L, Hughes R and Hart M., ‘Personal Finance’ by Mc Graw Hill
Publications.
2. Jaiswal B & Shimpi L, ‘Managing Personal Finance’, New Royal Books Company
3. Prathaban & Dwivedi, Principles of Insurance, Himalaya Publishing House.
1. Jaiswal Bimal & Shimpi Leena- Concepts in Valuation
2. Lokatia S, ‘How to Save Income Tax through Tax Planning: Practical and Time-
Tested Methods for Saving Income Tax’, Vision Books
3. Keowm. A. J., Personal Finance, by Pearson Education.
4. Green J, Financial Planning & Wealth Management- Concept & Practice, Shroff
Publishers.
Web References :
1. https://www.open.edu/openlearn/money-management/free-courses
2. https://alison.com/course/financial-literacy
3. https://www.classcentral.com/course/edx-finance-for-everyone-smart-tools-for-
decision-making-4808
4. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/80993438.pdf
5. https://open.umn.edu/opentextbooks/textbooks/31
6. https://ncert.nic.in/dess/pdf/finance_reading_mate.pdf
Page 49 of 57
P39. DEMOGRAPHY AND POPULATION STUDIES

Course Outcome:
• To understand the basics of demography and demographic techniques.
• To be able to understand demographic events and their role in socio-economic
development of a Nation.
• To use these techniques to analyse and plan future course of demographic events.
• To comprehend complex demographic issues and dilemmas faced by developing
countries and also be in a position to critically analyse the policy framework to
tackle these.
• To understand and deliberate on global demographic experiences and the lessons
derived thereof.
• Identify appropriate sources of data, perform basic demographic analyses using
various techniques and ensure their comparability across populations.
UNIT – 1
Meaning and Scope of Demography, Relationship with other Sciences. Techniques of
Demographic Analysis - Marriage and Marital Dissolution; Measures of Fertility and
Reproduction; Factors affecting Fertility; Measures of Mortality; Factors affecting mortality;
Life Table - Construction and its Uses; Methods of Population Projection.
UNIT – II
Migration - Concept, Definition, Source of Data and Causes, Internal and International
Migration. Urbanisation and Urban Growth– Concept, Definition, Source of Data and
Causes. Relationship between Urbanisation and Migration – Theories of Lewis, Fei-Ranis,
and Harris-Todaro.
UNIT - III
Theories of Population: Biological Theories – Malthusian and Neo-Malthusian Theory,
Spencer, Doubleday and Pearl and Reeds; Socio - Cultural Theories – Socialist Views,
Karl Marx and Dumont; Economic Theories - Theory of Optimum Population, and
Liebenstein’s theory.
UNIT- IV
Population and Economic Development - Theory of Demographic Transition (Theories of
Thomposon & Notestein, C P Blacker, Karl Sax, Cowgill and Modern Theory); Concept of
human development. Population Pyramid – Concept and Types.
Population Trends in different Regions of the World with special reference to Developing
countries. Population in India- Size, Growth and Composition; Census in India. Factors
affecting Fertility, Mortality and Migration in India; Population Policy in India; Family
Planning Programme of India and its Achievements.
References:
Text Books :
1. Barclay, G.W. – Techniques of population analysis.
2. Bhende, Asha A. Ad T Kanitkar, – Principles of Population Studies.
3. Jhingan, M L, B K Bhatt and J N Desai, – Demography.
Page 50 of 57
4. Mandal, R.B. Ujanga, J. Prasad, H- Introductory Methods in Population Analysis.
5. Srivastava, O.S. – Demography and population studies.
6. Srivastava, K. – Basic Demography Technique and applications.
1. Datt & Sunderan –Indian Economy.
2. Government of India- Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Family Welfare
Programme in India
3. Population Council – Population Policies in Developing Countries.
4. Chaubey, P.K. – Population Policy for India
5. Mishra, J.P. – Janankiki
6. Gupta, S N – Janankiki ke Mooltatva.
Web References :
3. https://epgp.inflibnet.ac.in/Home/ViewSubject?catid=453
P40X. RURAL ECONOMICS

Course outcome
• After studying this paper, the students would be well-versed with the historical and
current situation, patterns, government policies related to agriculture in rural India.
• The students would have in-depth knowledge about the financing system prevalent
in rural areas.
• The students would have very sound understanding about the conditions, problems,
wages of agricultural labourers in India.
UNIT – I
The place of Agriculture in the National Economy; Land Tenure and Land Reforms,
Consolidation of Land holdings, Ceiling on big holdings, Co-operative and Collective
farming, Progress of agriculture under five Year Plans, Cropping Pattern in India, Irrigation,
Fertilizers and Manures, Soil Conservation and Reclamation, Mechanization of Agriculture,
UNIT – II
Indian Agriculture Policy, Agricultural subsidies, Food Corporation of India and Public
Distribution System, Integrated PDS. WTO and Indian Agriculture,
UNIT -III
Green Revolution., Panchayati Raj, Programmes of Rural Development (Central and
State). Agricultural Prices and Cob-Web Theorem.
UNIT – IV
Rural Finance: Sources of Rural Finance, Role of RBI in Rural Credit, Refinancing
through NABARD, Regional Rural Banks, Cooperative and Commercial Banks.
Agricultural Labour - Meaning, causes of growth, conditions and problem, and measures
for improvement and minimum wages. Village and Cottage Industries.
Page 51 of 57
References:
Text Books :
1. Mishra and Puri – Indian Economy
2. Jaiswal Bimal - Indian Economy
1. Das, Satya P. – Microeconomics for Business
2. Dutt and Sundaram – Indian Economy
Web References :
2. http://www.ppup.ac.in/download/econtent/pdf/AKHILESH%20KUMAR%20E-
content%20Rural%20Sociology.pdf
3. https://www.patnauniversity.ac.in/e-
content/social_sciences/economics/2.%20Perf%20of%20Agr.pdf
P40Y FOREIGN EXCHANGE MANAGEMENT

Course Outcome:
• After studying this paper, the students would be well-versed with the concepts,
functioning and the role of foreign exchange and forex markets.
• The students will have sound understanding about various types of transactions
and contracts in the foreign exchange market and the various types of exchange
rates used in these transactions.
• The students wil have in-depth knowledge about the concept of exchange control,
foreign exchange risk management and the provisions and importance of foreign
exchange laws like FEMA in India.
UNIT – I
Concept and Significance of Foreign Exchange, Functions of Foreign Exchange
Department, Foreign Exchange Markets, Role of RBI and Management of Foreign
Exchange Reserves
UNIT –II
Exchange Arithmetic – Foreign Exchange Transactions, Exchange Quotations, Ready
Exchange Rates, Bill Buying and Selling rates, Ready Rates based on Cross Rates.
UNIT – III
Forward Exchange Rates, Forward Contract-Concept, RBI Guidelines for forward contract,
types of forward contract- Fixed and Option Forward Contracts, Forward Rates based on
cross Rates.
UNIT –IV
Execution of Forward Contracts, Cancellation of Forward Contract, Extension of Forward
contracts. Difference between Forward, Future and Currency Contract, International
Financial Market. Exchange Control – Objectives and Methods of Exchange Control,
Exchange Control in India, FERA, FEMA, Foreign Exchange Risk Exposure.
Page 52 of 57
References:
Text Books :
1. Jaiswal Bimal – International Finance (Foreign Exchange Management)
2. Bhagwati, J and Srinivasan, T.N. (Eds.) – Foreign Exchange regimes and
Economics Development
3. Dockor–Foreign Exchange
4. Jeevanandan, C. – Foreign Exchange
1. Verghese, S.K – Foreign exchange and financing of foreign trade.
2. RBI – Exchange Control Manual
3. NABHI – Foreign Exchange Manual
Web References :
1. https://www.edx.org/school/imfx
2. https://www.coursera.org/learn/global-financing-solutions
3. https://www.udemy.com/course/international-finance-i
P41X. FINANCIAL MARKETS & INSTITUTIONS

Course Outcome:
• Develop conceptual understanding about Indian financial system and economic
development
• Get insights about Financial Markets
• Clarify concepts of various constituents of financial markets
• Get a clear understanding about financial institutions & its instruments
UNIT - I
An Introduction to Indian Financial System:
Introduction, Evolution Of Financial System In India, Overview Of Financial System In
India, Components Of Financial System, Flow Of Funds Matrix, Objectives Of Financial
System, Functions Of Financial System, Financial System And Economic Development,
Reforms In Indian Financial Sector
UNIT -II
Financial Market:
Indian Money Market: Financial Market, An Overview Of Indian Money Market,
Organisation Structure Of Money Market In India, Functions Of Indian Money Market,
Instruments Of Money Market, Defects Of Indian Money Market, Role Of Central Bank In
Money Market, Recommendations Of Reserve Bank Of India; Indian Capital Market:
Meaning, Features Of Capital Market, Objectives Of Capital Market, Functions Of Capital
Market, Capital Market Organization Structure, Capital Market Institutions, Capital Market
Instruments, Debt Market In India, Indian Equity Market. Banking & Non-Banking Financial
Institutions/Companies (BFI & NBFI),
UNIT - III
Indian Capital Market: Primary and Secondary Market:
Primary Markets - New Issues Market, Initial Public Offer (IPO), Offer For Sale, Private
Placement Method, Rights Issue, Bonus Issue, Tender Method, Book Building,
Intermediaries In Primary Market.
Page 53 of 57
Secondary Market – Introduction, Components Of Secondary Market, Characteristic
Features Of Secondary Market, Advantages and Disadvantages Of Secondary Market,
Functions Of Secondary Market, Role Of Secondary Market, SEBI In Secondary Market.
UNIT - IV
Stock Exchange Board of India:
Constitution Of SEBI, Reasons For Establishment Of SEBI, Purpose And Role Of SEBI,
Objectives Of SEBI, Functions Of SEBI, Powers Of SEBI, SEBI Guidelines For Eligibility
Norms, Rights Issue, SEBI Guidelines About Book Building, SEBI Regulations With
Respect To Green Shoe Option. Stock Exchange: Meaning, Definitions, Characteristics,
Role, Importance & Functions of A Stock Exchange, Major Challenges For Exchanges,
Major Stock Exchanges In India, Trading Procedures In A Stock Exchange, Types Of
Operators In Stock Exchange, Terminologies Of Stock Exchange,
References:
Text Books :
1. Subhash Chandra Das- The Financial System in India
2. Dr. S. Guruswamy- Financial Services and Markets
3. Jaiswal B. & Venkatraman B.- Financial Market, Institutions & Financial Services
4. Jaiswal B. & Venkatraman B.- Indian Financial System
5. K Sasidharan. Alex K Mathews- Financial Services and System
6. V A Avadhani- Financial Services in India
1. Khan, M.Y., Indian Financial Systems, McGraw Hill, 11th Edition (2019)
2. Jaspreet Kaur, Deepti Wadera- Marketing of Services
3. Machiraju, H. R.- Indian Financial System
4. Pathak Bharti- Indian Financial System
Web References :
1. http://14.139.206.50:8080/jspui/bitstream/1/4337/1/Indian%20financial%20system.p
df
2. http://www.universityofcalicut.info/SDE/BBA_Core_indian_financial_systems_VI_se
m_core.pdf
3. https://www.classcentral.com/course/swayam-financial-institutions-and-markets-
12986
4. http://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc21_mg58/preview
P41Y INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS

Course Outcome:
• After studying this paper, the students would be well-versed with the economic
problems of firms and industries and the behaviour of business firms under different
market conditions.
• The students would have in-depth knowledge about the concepts, issues and
various aspects related to product pricing in industries.
• The students would also have valuable insights about various aspects of industries
like finance, location, productivity, performance and trends along with the
importance of MSMEs and MNCs.
Page 54 of 57
UNIT -I
Introduction and scope of Industrial Economics; Types and choice of organizational firm –
ownership and control; The Firm and its objectives; Market structure and market conduct;
optimum size of a firm;
UNIT -II
Market concentration, its measurement and effects on market performance; Diversification,
Integration and Merger, Research & Development and Innovation; Product differentiation
and advertisement. Determinants of profitability.
UNIT -III
Product pricing (in practice): mark-up price, incremental price, target rate of return price,
transfer price, two-part tariff, bundling, pricing in public enterprises; Industrial Efficiency:
concept, determinants, measurement and decision-making process; Theories of growth of
firm: Downie, Penrose and Marris.
UNIT -IV
Industrial finance: need type and sources of industrial finance; Industrial location Analysis:
determinants of Industrial location; Theories of Industrial location-Weber and sergeant
Florence; Industrial Productivity - Partial and Total productivity, Measurement and
Determinants. Government regulation of Indian industries: Industrial policy and
Competition Act; Trends in industrial growth since 1991; Performance and problems of
Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises; Role of MNC’s in India; Technology and Foreign
Collaboration Policy; NRI Investment Issue; Joint Ventures in India; Global Competition
emerging trend; Government's recent policies.
References:
Text Books :
1. Barthwal, R.R. – Industrial Economics: An Introduction Text Book (2e)
2. Dhingra and Dhingra – Industrial Economics
3. Hay, A.D. and D.J. Morris – Industrial Economics and Organization: Theory and
Evidence
4. Panagariya, Arvind – India: The Emerging Giant
5. Andreosso, Bernadette, Jacobson, David. – Industrial Economics and Organization
1. Das, Satya P. – Microeconomics for Business
2. Martin, Stephen – Advanced Industrial Economics
3. Phlips, Louis (Ed.) – Applied Industrial Economics.
4. Stead et al. – Industrial
Web References :
2. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1gr_odk6FWpNaxgrA8tPvyuZmkw-QJL56/view
3. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1qwFwyvaqfa2FiPKb4b7otjpWfAyGyCG-/view
4. https://drive.google.com/file/d/16dJMkQy18e4TnIdp63Ai5C6U7ppLvE0G/view
Page 55 of 57
P42 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Course Outcome:
• To enhance the abilities of learners to undertake research in business & social

sciences
• To enable the learners to understand, develop and apply the fundamental skills in
formulating research problems
• To enable the learners in understanding and developing the most appropriate
methodology for their research
• To make the learners familiar with the basic statistical tools and techniques
applicable for research
UNIT-I
Concept, Features, Objectives and Significance of Research, Philosophy of Research;
Induction and Deduction methods of Research; Types of Research- Pure and Applied
Research, Conceptual and Empirical Research, Qualitative and Quantitative Research,
Descriptive and Analytical Research, Exploratory Research, Experimental Research,
Evaluative Research, Historical Research. Case Study. Research Process.
UNIT -II
Research Problem- Definition and Process of Formulation of Research Problem, Sources
of Identifying Research Problem.
Research Design- Meaning and Scope, Research Design for Descriptive, Exploratory and
Experimental Research. Case Study.
UNIT -III
Measurement and Scaling- Levels of Measurement-Nominal, Ordinal, Ratio and Interval
Scale, Scaling Techniques. Testing of Hypothesis- Procedure of Testing a Hypothesis;
Parametric tests: Z-test, t-test, F-tests (ANOVA). Non-parametric tests: Chi-Square test,
Mann-Whitney Test and Other Non- Parametric Test.
UNIT- IV
Report writing and presentation- Meaning and Purpose of a Research Report, Types of
Report, Format of Report, Essentials of a Good Report, References and Citation Methods:
APA (American Psychological Association), CMS (Chicago Manual Style), MLA (Modern
Language Association). Footnotes and Bibliography. Modern Practices: Ethical Norms in
Research, Plagiarism, Role of Computers in Research.
References:
Text Books :
1. William G. Zikmund -Business Research Methods
2. Kothari C R and Garg Gaurav- Research Methodology
3. Krishnaswami O R-Methodology of Research in Social Sciences
4. Naresh K. Malhotra & Satyabhushan Dash- Marketing Research
5. Anoop Kumar Singh, Statistical Methods (English)
6. Anoop Kumar Singh, Statistical Methods (Hindi)
2. M.R. Spiegel, Theory and Problems of Statistics, Schaum’s Outlines
Series
Page 56 of 57
Web References :
3. https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc21_ma74/preview
4. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-650-statistics-for-
applications-fall-2016/
5. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of-management/15-075j-
statistical-thinking-and-data-analysis-fall-2011/
BCom Semester VIII
P43 Major Research Project (24 Credits)
Page 57 of 57

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Bachelor of Commerce (B.Com.) Regulations 2021

B.Com. Semester I B.Com. Semester II

BCom Semester VII BCom Semester VII

Course Outcome: The student will be able to :-

• Acquire knowledge of the basic concepts and conventions of accounting.

Unit IV : Insolvency Accounts – Meaning, Circumstances of Insolvency, Procedure of Declaring

Voyage Accounts – Meaning & Preparation of Voyage Accounts.

Unit-IV: Organization process – Importance, Principles, Types of organization structure,

P 4 - CURRENCY, BANKING AND EXCHANGE

Credit : 04 T: 4 Lectures per week

Unit I: Introduction, Nature of Management, Evolution of Management Thought,

P6. Co-curricular Course I

Course Outcome: The student will be able to:-

• Understand the features and accounting treatment of Shares and Debentures.

Unit IV--Negotiable Instrument Act 1881: Definition of negotiable instruments; Features;

Credit : 04 T: 4 Lectures per week

Credit : 04 T: 4 Lectures per week

Unit I: Introduction to Business Communication, Characteristics of Effective

Unit II: Barriers to Communication, Facilitators to Communication, Effective

Unit III: Forms of Business Communication, Written Communication, Oral

P 11 - Selling and Advertising

Credit : 04 T: 4 Lectures per week

Unit II: Selling process: Prospecting, Pre-approach, Approach, Sales presentation

P12. Vocational Course I

Credit : 04 T: 4 Lectures per week

Credit : 04 T: 4 Lectures per week

Credit : 04 T: 4 Lectures per week

Unit I: Nature and Concept of HRM: Human Resource Management: Importance of

Unit IV: Compensation Planning: Objective of Compensation Planning, Theories

P 17 - Information Systems and E-Business

Credit : 04 T: 4 Lectures per week

Unit I: Introduction to Computer systems, elements of a Computer System, types of

P18. Co-curricular Course II

Credit : 04 T: 4 Lectures per week

• Understand the nature and scope of Cost Accounting.

Unit –IV : Marginal Costing, Standard Costing.

1. M.L. Agarwal – Cost Accounting (Hindi & English)

1. Bigg – Cost Accounts

1. Lunt – Manual of Cost Account

Credit : 04 T: 4 Lectures per week

• Understand the concept, types & techniques of audit.

1. Maheshwari, K.L. and Maheshwari, R.K. – Contemporary Audit

1. Batliboi, J.R. – Principles and Practice of Auditing

1. Spicer and Pegler’s – Practical Auditing

P21. Foreign Trade of India

Credit : 04 T: 4 Lectures per week

P22. Macro Economics

Credit : 04 T: 4 Lectures per week

P23. Institutional Framework for Business

Credit : 04 T: 4 Lectures per week

UNIT I: Introduction to Indian regulatory environment for business, Role and

P24. Vocational Course II

Credit : 04 T: 4 Lectures per week

P26. Principles and Practice of Insurance

P27. Introduction to Entrepreneurship

Unit II: Creativity, Innovation and Entrepreneurship. bottlenecks to Creativity,

Unit III: Business Plan: Purpose and Contents of a Business Plan.

Unit IV: Financing of New Ventures: Stages of Financing, Sources of Finance –