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This document discusses different types of switches, including SPST, SPDT, DPST, and DPDT switches. It explains how each type works and provides examples of applications. The document also introduces PSpice simulation software and compares it to Multisim. PSpice allows analyzing circuits without connecting physical components by determining branch currents and node voltages. The document presents circuit diagrams to study different switches and simulations of those circuits in PSpice. It concludes that the experiment provides insight into how various switches work to control one or more lights and that PSpice is useful for simulating circuits without laboratory equipment.

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Farhan Labib Mahin
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38 views5 pages

Report 8

This document discusses different types of switches, including SPST, SPDT, DPST, and DPDT switches. It explains how each type works and provides examples of applications. The document also introduces PSpice simulation software and compares it to Multisim. PSpice allows analyzing circuits without connecting physical components by determining branch currents and node voltages. The document presents circuit diagrams to study different switches and simulations of those circuits in PSpice. It concludes that the experiment provides insight into how various switches work to control one or more lights and that PSpice is useful for simulating circuits without laboratory equipment.

Uploaded by

Farhan Labib Mahin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ABSTRACT

In order to become familiar with different types of switches, how many types of switches are
there, how different switches can be used and how they are connected to a circuit.
Also to learn about circuit simulation software PSpice and what are the advantages and
disadvantages of it over MULTISIM.

INTRODUCTION
An ideal switch would have no voltage drop when closed and would have no limits on voltage
or current rating. There is extensive use of switches in practice. In this experiment, few of the
practical applications of switches will be shown.
Switch:
Electronic switches are classed by their contacts. When current flows between two contacts,
they are "closed." When contacts are separated by an insulating air gap, they are "open," and
typical voltages prevent current flow. "Make" and "break" are also used to close and open
contacts. Switch contact variations are called pole and throw. "Poles" are the number of
switch-controlled circuits. A "2 pole" switch has two sets of contacts controlled by one knob.
"Throws" are the number of switch positions. Single-throw switches have one pair of closed
or open contacts. A double-throw switch has a contact that can be linked to either of two
additional contacts. These words have given rise to shorthand for switches used in the
electronics industry, such as "single-pole, single-throw" (SPST) ("on or off") or "single-pole,
double-throw" (SPDT), connecting one of two terminals to the common terminal.
Light switches in building wiring control lighting and sometimes other circuits. By using
multiple-pole switches, a lamp can be controlled from two or more locations, such as corridor
or stairwell ends.
Some of the most common types of switches and their uses are listed in the table below:

SPST DPST
(Single Pole Single Throw) (Double Pole Single Throw)

a switch that only has a single input and can a switch that has 2 inputs and 2 outputs:
connect only to one output switches two independent circuits at one time
SPDT DPDT
(Single Pole Double Throw) (Double Pole Double Throw)

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switch that has 2 inputs and 4 outputs; each
a switch that only has a single input and can
input has 2 corresponding outputs that it can
connect to and switch between 2 outputs
connect

Switch:
PSPICE is a circuit analysis program, based on the well-known SPICE program.
Standard theorems must be applied to a variety of problems in circuit-theory courses
(Thevenin, Norton, maximum power transfer theorem, etc.). Breadboard/trainer boards in the
lab can be used to test the circuits' desired output parameters, such as currents, node voltage
and potential differences or even the overall resistance of their circuit components.
Simulated findings can also be used to clarify the calculated and observed parameters in a
more efficient, time-saving, trustworthy, and error-free manner than theoretical calculations
and laboratory measurements.

APPARATUS
1. SPST, SPDT, DPST and DPDT
2. Incandescent Lamp
3. Digital Multimeter
4. Power Supply
5. Connecting Wires
6. PC
7. PSPICE Software

PRECAUTIONS
• To prevent the experiment from failing due to a loose connection, it is imperative that
all equipment connections be extremely tight. Arcing can occur as a result of a loose
connection, resulting in equipment damage.
• When the power is turned on, avoid touching the bare contacts.
• Using a multimeter to measure current necessitates connecting it to an electrical
circuit.
• There is virtually no resistance between the leads of a multimeter. This is designed to
facilitate the flow of electrons through the meter as efficiently as possible. Unless the
meter is properly calibrated, the current will be affected by the additional resistance in
the circuit.

PART A: STUDYING DIFFERENT TYPES OF SWITCHES

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Figure 1: Switching an incandescent lamp Figure 2: Switching two incandescent


from an independent position lamps connected in series from a point

Figure 3: Switching two incandescent


Figure 4: Switching any one
lamps connected in parallel from a point
incandescent lamp from a position

SIMULATION

Figure 5 Switch off for Figure 1 Figure 6 Switch on for Figure 1

Figure 7 Switch off for Figure 2 Figure 8 Switch on for Figure 2

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Figure 9 Switch off for Figure 3 Figure 10 Switch on for Figure 3

Figure 11 Switch top for Figure 4 Figure 12 Switch bottom for Figure 4

REPORT QUESTION
SIMULATION

Figure 13 Switch off for Report Question 1

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Figure 14 Switch off for Report Question 2

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION


Conducting the experiment provides us insights into the working of many different switches
like SPST, SPDT, DPST, DPDT.
These switches are used for different purposes like controlling a single bulb or double bulb in
different by opening or closing single wire or double wire of the source from the circuit.
We also learned about a new simulating software called PSpice and how branch currents and
node voltages of a circuit can be determined by this software without connecting multimeters.
REFERENCES
[1] Exman Electric website.
Available: http://www.exman.com/switch.html.
[2] University of Mississippi website, [Cited: 10.12.2013]
Available: http://home.olemiss.edu/~atef/engr360/tutorial/qgspice.html
[3] Gustavus Adolphus College website, [Cited: 10.12.2013]
Availabe: http://physics.gac.edu/~huber/classes/ph58/pspice.htm
[4] University of Mississippi website, [Cited: 10.12.2013]
Available:http://home.olemiss.edu/~atef/engr360/tutorial/ex1.html?banner=ome+interactive
+tuto rial+examples...+++++Click+here+to+see+s
New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology website, [Cited: 10.12.2013]
Available: http://www.ee.nmt.edu/~rison/ee321_fall02/Tutorial.html
[5] University of Texus Arlington website, [Cited: 10.12.2013]
Available: http://www.uta.edu/ee/hw/pspice/pspice01.htm#rules

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