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Dynamics Solution

An aeroplane's flying and handling qualities depend on its stability, control and dynamic characteristics. Modern flight involves multi-disciplinary study of aerodynamics, control systems, and aircraft-environment interactions. Flying qualities relate to task performance while handling qualities relate to response to control inputs.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
44 views6 pages

Dynamics Solution

An aeroplane's flying and handling qualities depend on its stability, control and dynamic characteristics. Modern flight involves multi-disciplinary study of aerodynamics, control systems, and aircraft-environment interactions. Flying qualities relate to task performance while handling qualities relate to response to control inputs.

Uploaded by

innobobotheboss
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1. Explain what is mean by a good Aeroplane flying and handling qualities?

Solution

 A good Aeroplane flying and handling qualities in the conventional is to


return/land the airplane safely .
 Consequently it is also very much concerned with the stability, control and
dynamic characteristics which are fundamental to the determination of those
qualities.
 Since flying and handling qualities are of critical importance to safety and
to the piloting task it is essential that their origins are properly understood
and appreciated by the students.

2. State properties that can significantly shaped the dynamic behaviour of an


aeroplane.

Solution
• The dynamic behaviour of an aeroplane is significantly shaped by its
stability and control properties, which in turn have their roots in the
aerodynamics of the airframe.

3. What does Previously the achievement of good stability characteristics


depend on?

Solution
Previously the achievement of good stability characteristics in an aeroplane
usually ensured good flying qualities, all of which depended only on good
aerodynamic design

4. Why is the study of the flight dynamics and control becoming a multi-
disciplinary activity?

Solution
• Since Modern flight dynamics is concerned the flight control system which
comprises of motion sensors, a control computer, control actuators and other
items of control hardware, a study of the subject becomes a multi-
disciplinary activity.

5. What are tools that the aeroplane and the flight control equipment are using
may be treated as a whole system?
Solution
• Thus, the aeroplane together with the flight control equipment may be
treated as a whole system using the traditional tools of the aerodynamicist
together with the analytical tools of the control engineer.

6. How are the stability and control characteristics of an aeroplane determined


and how do they influence flying qualities?
Solution
• The establishment of a suitable mathematical framework for the problem,
the development of the equations of motion, the solution of the equations of
motion, investigation of response to controls and the general interpretation
of dynamic behaviour.

7. What are acceptable flying qualities, how are the requirements defined,
interpreted and applied, and how do they limit flight characteristics?
Solution
A review of standard flying qualities requirements documents and the
evaluation and interpretation of the detail requirements.

8. When an aeroplane has unacceptable flying qualities how may its dynamic
characteristics be augmented?
solution
The answer involves an introduction to the rudiments of feedback control as
the means for augmenting the stability of the basic airframe

9. Distinguish between the Flying and handling qualities of the conventional


and fly-by-wire (FBW) aeroplane
Solution
The solid lines represent physical, mechanical or electrical signal flow paths,
whereas the dashed lines represent sensory feedback information to the pilot. The
author's interpretation distinguishes between flying qualities and handling qualities
as indicated..
An increasing number of advanced modem aeroplanes employ fly-by-wire (FBW)
primary flight controls and these are usually integrated with the stability
augmentation system
• Figure 1 the two qualities are therefore very much interdependent and, in
practice, are probably inseparable.
• Thus, the flying qualities may be regarded as being task related, whereas the
handling qualities may be regarded as being response related.
• Figure 2 the flight control system becomes an integral part of the primary
signal flow path and the influence of its dynamic characteristics on flying
and handling qualities is of critical importance.
• The need for very careful consideration of the influence of the flight control
system in this context cannot be overemphasized.
• Now the pilot's perception of the flying and handling qualities of an
aeroplane will be influenced by many factors: e.g.,
10.Enumerates factors that will influenced flying and handling qualities of an
aeroplane dynamic and control.
• the stability, control and dynamic characteristics of the airframe,
• flight control system dynamics,
• response to atmospheric disturbances and the less tangible effects of cockpit
design.
• This last factor includes considerations such as
• control inceptor design,
• instrument displays and field of view from the cockpit.
• Not surprisingly the quantification of flying qualities remains difficult.
11.In a flowchart block diagram draw and labeled Basic control-response
relationship.

12. What is Static stability analysis enables flight conditions?


Solution
• Static stability analysis enables the control displacement and the control
force characteristics to be determined for both steady and manoeuvring
flight conditions.

13.What is Dynamic stability analysis enables flight conditions?

• Dynamic stability analysis enables the response to controls and to


atmospheric disturbances to be determined for various flight conditions

14.Write the corresponding components of acceleration at p (x, y, z) relative to


o using figure 1
Solution

15.By superimposing the velocity components of the cg (U, V, W) on to the


local velocity components (u, v, w) write the absolute, or inertial, velocity
components (u, v, w) of the point p (x, y, z) from figure 1 above.
Solution

16.Enumerate computer software tools, which are suitable for flight dynamics
analysis, which are now available for use.

Many computer software tools, which are suitable for flight dynamics
analysis, are now available.
Most packages are intended for control systems applications, are ideal for
handling aeronautical system problems and may be installed on a modest
Personal Computer.
Software tools used regularly by the author are listed below, but it must be
appreciated that the list is by no means exhaustive, nor is it implied that the
programs listed are the best or necessarily the most appropriate.
CODAS-II is a low cost control system design and simulation package
which is limited to classical linear and non-linear applications only. It is
very easy to use and its screen graphics are good.
M A TIJAB or PC M ATLAB is a very powerful control system design and
analysis tool which is intended for application to systems configured in state
space format.
As a result all computation is handled in matrix format. Its screen graphics
are good.
17.Identify the various forces acting on an aircraft in flight, write the force
equation and define their quantities.

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