A REPORT

ON

STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME

(SIWES)

UNDERTAKEN AT

JOTBULL NIGERIA LIMITED

BY

Iyadunni Olawale Bashir

QSNP2100055

SUBMITTED TO

Department of Quantity Surveying

School of Engineering and Environmental Studies

THE POLYTECHNIC IRESI

IRESI

OSUN STATE

March, 2023

i
 CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that this SIWES report is the original work of Iyadunni Olawale Bashir with
Matric Number QSNP2100055 in the department Quantity Surveying of the Polytechnic Iresi,
Iresi, Osun state.

The report was compiled and written during the 2022/2023 SIWES programme at JOTBULL
NIGERIA LTD.

Mr. Akanfe A.E.

Institution-based Supervision Date and Signature

QS. Abiola - Ogedengbe, D.

Head of Department Date and Signature

ii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I appreciate the Almighty God for the knowledge, endurance, safety, and courage He bestowed
upon me throughout the period of my Industrial attachment SIWES programme at JOTBULL NIG
LTD.

My profound gratitude goes to my germane H.O.D QS. Abiola-Ogedengbe, D. for the heartmelting
fatherly care that he extended to me throughout the period of my training. His readiness to teach,
advice, financial and material support and above all his professional display of emotional
intelligence were all my success drivers during the Industrial Training. Special thanks to my
institution-based supervisor Mr. Akanfe A.E. for his contribution to my success during my SIWES
programme at JOTBULL NIG LTD.

I would also like to dedicate it to my industrial-based supervisor Mr. Olajide F.M for being handy
during my SIWES programme and my able colleague for making my stay at JOTBULL NIG LTD.
an exciting and blissful one.

My gratitude also goes to my family especially my only brother for their unceasing support since
my stay in school.

Finally, I would like to appreciate the Department of Quantity Surveying, The Polytechnic Iresi,
Iresi, Osun State. for making SIWES part of our training as Quantity Surveyors.

Thanks and GOD bless you all.

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 SUMMARY
The account of the activities that were carried out in JOTBULL NIG LTD (JOTBULL Nigeria
Limited) during the period of my employment in relation with their theoretical background
are contained in this report. The objective of this report is to show that students participated
and acquired a lot of experience during the three months’ industrial attachment at their
respective company of employment. Also the objectives of this report are: (a) To provide
background information of the company

(b) To give detailed account of the activities carried out in the construction site.

(c) To account for the experience gained and challenges encountered on site.

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE PAGE................................................................................................................................i

CERTIFICATION .......................................................................................................................... ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................................. iii

SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................. iv

TABLE OF CONTENT………………………………………………………………….....V
CHAPTER ONE

Brief introduction to SIWES................................................................................................1

Background of SIWES…………………………………………………….…………......1-2
Objectives of SIWES……………………………………………………………....2-3
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 Brief History of JOTBULL NIG LTD……….…………………………………….4-5

2.2 The Organizational Structure of JOTBULL NIG LTD………...…………………5

CHAPTER THREE

3.1 Introduction to Surveying………………………………………………………………6

3.2 Introduction to Prismatic Compass Survey…………………………………………….6-8
3.3 Equipment of Prismatic Compass Survey…….……………………………………....8-14
3.4 Introduction to Quantity and Surveying…………………….……………………….14-16
3.5 Duties of a Quantity Surveyor or Estimator…………………………………………...16
3.6 Element of Structure and items of work…………………………………………….16-17
CHAPTER FOUR

4.1 Conclusion……………………………..…………………………………………18-19
4.2 Recommendation……………………………………………………………………...19
REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………...20

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 CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION TO SIWES

Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme is a programme designed by many tertiary

institutions to acquaint students with the practical or field knowledge of their profession. It
enhances student’s knowledge of the past, present and the future. By the past, I mean it
affords the student an opportunity to witness practically what has been taught theoretically in
the class. And by the present, I mean distinguishing between theoretical knowledge and what
is on ground i.e. the reality of the 100% assumption by the theories. It also affords student the
current knowledge of what the field is all about, getting familiar with new development in
technology. The future aspect of it is the foreknowledge of what should be expected when
he/she begins to practice the profession. In partial fulfilment of the award of Bachelor’s
Degree in engineering in the Faculty of engineering, University of Jos. The SIWES
programme is very important. It makes engineering very real, to be precise, civil engineering.
Going to the field brings to sight those visualized beams, columns, slabs e.t.c. Furthermore, it
avails the students an opportunity to learn inter- and intra- personal relationship, office
organization and administration, site management, identification of equipment’s among other
opportunities. This report entails some of the experience I was able to acquire in my little
period of attachment.

1.2 BACKGROUND OF SIWES

The programme (SIWES) came to existence through establishment of the Industrial Training
Fund (ITF) under decree 47 of 1971 in bid to boost professionalism in the construction industry.
The fund in its policy statement NO.1 published in 1973 inserted a clause dealing with the issue
of practical skill. The fund will seek to look out co-operative machinery with industry, where
students in institutions of higher learning may rewrite industrial training or mid-career
attachment by contribution to the allowance payable to the students. SIWES is therefore a skill
training programme designed to expose and prepare students of the universities, polytechnics and
colleges of education to practical work on site, this scheme is for students of engineering and
technology including environmental, technical and business studies. However, in 1979, ITF

1
withdrew the funding enjoyed by polytechnics and colleges of education, technical and went
ahead to notify all universities that it would withdraw the funding of SIWES as from January

1980. In view of this, the National University Commission took up the responsibility of funding
the programme for engineering and technology students of Nigerian Universities, while the
National Body for the Technical Education (NBTE) assumed financial responsibilities for the
programme in the polytechnics and colleges of education. The administration of the programme
was still a Herculean task and was not without a myriad of operational problem so the Federal
Government agreed on the funding of the scheme in 1985. In 1985, ITF assured the
administration of SIWES programme.

BODIES INVOLVED IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SIWES:

• The bodies involved are:

• The Federal Government.
• Industrial Training Fund(ITF).
• Other supervising agents are:
• National University Commission (NUC).
• National Board for Technical Education (NBTE).
• National Council for College of Education (NCE).

The functions of the agencies above includes:

1. Establish SIWES and accredit SIWES unit in the approved institutions.

2. Formulate policies and guidelines for participating bodies and institutions as well as
appointing SIWES coordinates and supporting staff.
3. Supervise students at their places of attachment and sign their log-book and I. T forms.
4. Ensure payment of allowances for students and supervisors.
5. Ensure adequate funding of the scheme.

1.4 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF SIWES:

The purpose and reason behind the establishment of SIWES by the government are numerous and
they are discussed below:

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1.To allow students to apply theoretical knowledge they have gathered in the four walls of the
university to practical issues where the knowledge is highly needed.

2.To help students on how to interact with people of varying ranks and classes when they finally
get employed.

3.To help prepare students for future challenges and innovations in establishments.

4.To allow the students develop exceptional skills and instincts in their individual disciplines by
participating actively in the operations of their areas.

5.To increase lecturer’s efficiency. Since students are able to practice what they are taught, it
enhances quick understanding. Lecturer’s effort is therefore appreciated in this sense.

6.To help balance up in some establishments where there is shortage of workers to carry out their
operations. Students are able to render assistance most especially in labour intensive
organizations

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 CHAPTER TWO

2.1 Brief History of JOTBULL NIG LTD (JOTBULL Nigeria Limited)

JOTBULL NIG LTD is a construction company based in Nigeria with its head office located at Km4
Gbongan Ibadan Expressway,Osogbo. Behind Ayegbaju market. It is a privately owned organization
which was established in 2005 to offer its combined experience in the construction Industry to the
Nigerian community and the world in general where there is demand for such expertise. The Company
was during its establishment in 2005 registered as a multi-disciplinary practice and as at 2010, it grew
up to a partnership under the present name of JOTBULL NIG LTD with four principal partners,
namely:

a. Meyrick Uyinmwen (Quantity Surveyor)

b. Osaro Bobby Eribo (Quantity Surveyor)
c. Erasmus E. Osahon (Engineer)
d. Jesuorobo A. Orobor (Engineer)

JOTBULL NIG LTD offers multi-disciplinary services covering a wide spectrum of studies from project
appraisal stage up to commissioning and through the maintenance stage.
The scope of services rendered by the firm includes the following:

 Construction and maintenance of Buildings, Landscaping and other Engineering

infrastructures
 Feasibility and Viability Studies
 Pre-investment Studies/Appraisals
 Cost Modeling
 Preliminary and Final Designs (Architectural and Engineering)
 Estimating and Quantity Surveying
 Construction Management
 Construction Supervision
 Turn-Key Projects Negotiation and Supervision
 Arbitration
 Expert Witness

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  Fire Insurance Assessment
OFFICE EQIPMENT FOR ARCHITECTURAL/ENGINEERING/QUANTITY SURVEYING
SERVICES

Some of the office equipment at the disposal of the Firm are:

 5 Nos Pentium 4.0 Computers

 3 Dell Pentium M Laptop
 1 No Hp Deskjet 1280 Coloured Printer
 1 No Hp Deskjet 1220 Coloured Printer
 Binding Machine
 Elepaq CE 2500 Generating Set

2.2 The Organizational Structure of JOTBULL NIG LTD

The organizational structure of the company JOTBULL NIG LTD is headed by three Managing
Partners; the principal partner and two other associate partners as shown in the organogram
below.
One secretary handles correspondence for the partners.

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 CHAPTER THREE

3.1 Introduction to Surveying

What is surveying?

Is the science of measuring and recording distances, angles and heights on the earth surface to
obtain data from which accurate plans and maps are made.

3.2 Introduction to Prismatic Compass Survey

Prismatic Compass Survey entails the fixing of an objects position in the field by measuring the

angles of bearings between the line of magnetic north (degree⁰) and the line of sight to the object.

In measuring bearing what are measured are forward and back bearing, and bearing it is an angle
in degree which used to show direction for example ZONE. Forward bearing it is the angle or
bearing measured from the observer to the object while Back bearing it is an angle measured from
the object to the observer.

CORRECTION OF DISREPERNCY

The different between FB and BB should be equal to 180 or 000 below 180 there is error,

How to correct discrepancy

Let

FB = 69⁰

BB = 257⁰

Then,

Subtract 257⁰ – 69⁰ = 188⁰

Mean error = 8⁰ then 8/2 = 4⁰

• If positive add to FB and subtract to FB

• If negative subtract to FB and add to BB
FB = 69⁰ + 4⁰ = 73⁰

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 BB = 257⁰ – 4⁰ = 253⁰

TYPES OF PRISMATIC COMPASS SURVEY

It can be noted that types of prismatic compass survey are categorized from traversing:

What is traversing?

Is the process where by which the Surveyors travels by walking is a series of connected chain
while recording angle or bearing and side detail in a root way.

A: OPEN ENDED COMPASS TRAVERSING

It is a process of surveyors team travel by walking in a series of connected chain and finally do
not return to the starting point example road measurement.

B: CLOSED ENDED COMPASS TRAVERSING

Is the process of survey or term walk in a series of connected chain and finally return to close or
to the starting point.

THE CLOSING ERROR

It is a gape in either open or close traverse which is formed the traverse fail to end the expended
point.

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HOW TO CLOSE THE CLOSSING ERROR

Procedures

1. Be given a flame work diagram either open or closed traverse with its closing error.
2. Measure distance of all lengths with a ruler
3. Draw a flame work of a horizontal line which correspond with the total distance provided
in the provided traverse and mark all points in the horizontal line
4. Erect a perpendicular line at, E which correspond with distance of closing error
5. Draw a hypotenuse from top of the perpendicular line to the point A
6. Erect perpendicular line from each point up to the hypotenuse line and measure their
distance by ruler
7. Correct the crossing error by a electing line from each point which corresponds with the
line, the value of shown in the graphic chart in each point and join the point to close error.

HOW TO AVOID ERROR IN PRIMATIC CMPASS SURVEY

- Check the accuracy of the compass by comparing with an accurate compass or with
location of magnetic North for the years of survey
- Ensure that the compass is held steady as possible when bearing are taken

8
- Make sure the compass is on non-metalic tripod stand
- Avoid surveying by compass in area which comprise iron ore rocks.
- Do not wear metal watch and metal element when surveying by compass
- Observational errors its happen when the reading are not taken accurately or the reading
are taken without allowing the graduated ring to become perfectly stationary. To avoid
these errors the prismatic compass should be centre at the accurately with plumb bub and
levelled.(Reading should be taken correctly and recorded carefully.

3.3 Equipments of prismatic compass survey

Prismatic compass

Prismatic compass comprises of magnetic needle attached to the circular ring made up of
aluminium used at find the object, position by measuring. Also is an instrument that shows
direction in a frame of reference that is stationary relative to the surface of the earth, and has
got the main four cardinal directions that is North, South, West and East.

Chain/Tape.

It is tempered steel wire of 10-30 long or either length, it has linked or connected with small
rings and handle at each end point, also has got brass handle at each end point, mostly are used
to measure a short distance.

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 Ranging rods/Pole.

It’s a plastic/wooden /metal made pole of 2.5m/3m/3.5 long. It has pointed ensitive colour in
order to be seen well and it has a sharp at the end, mostly are used to mark position or position
temporary.

Leveling staff.

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 This also called a levelling rod, is a graduated wooden or aluminium rod, the use of which
permits the determination of differences in elevation.

Tripod stand.

This is a portable three-legged frame used as a platform for supporting the weight and maintain
the stability of some other object. It provides stability against the downward forces and
horizontal forces and movements about horizontal axes.

Pegs.

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 It is accoment rectangular block of 40 mm square and so or 70cm long,mostly used to mark
position permanently during survey.

Field sheet.

They are writing sheets and an ordinary pencil. They are used for recording or booking all
necessary field work information or good quality notebook.

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PRISMATIC COMPASS SURVEY IN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT ASPECT.

Marine biologists, Prismatic compass is used in conducting under water explorations

because the device can be especially helpful in deeper water where there is very little light, and
making it easy to record directions to and from a starting point.

Prismatic compass facilitates marine transportation because it provides suitable means of

leading directions and helps to prevent water vessels from accident.

It helps to show the North Pole and help surveyor in directing the exact location. And at the
same time its helps in establishing township boundaries where in the boundary lines are
oriented north-south and east-west. This procedure is done because all sections in township are
not of equal size.

It is applicable in detection of angles in terms of bearings since prismatic compass survey

entails the fixing of an object’s position in the field by measuring the angles of bearings
between the line of magnetic north (0) and the line of sight to the object.

The prismatic compass, due to its luminescent qualities, makes the device ideal for use in any
environment where visibility is somewhat limited. When navigating through underground
system such as a cave, it will provide a reliable means of reading direction, helping to prevent
the explorers from becoming lost. Applications within the professions that depend on surveying
land and other property also make use of this.

Prismatic compass survey is also used in constructions activities including high buildings and
roads, where by in this case the bearing along the bends of the roads are taken and at the same

13
 time the lengths are chained hence at the same time bearings from several points/ stations to be
visible from different parts of the surveying.

Prismatic compass survey helps to show locations on the property of the new development
where is placed, also its helps in marking of the work not to be destroyed by the rough action
of the building process

3.4 Introduction to Quantity and Surveying

Quantity surveying is an estimation of materials and labor necessary for a construction job. A
person who calculates the amount of material and labor required for construction or building
work is known as a Quantity Surveyor.

Estimate

An estimate is a calculation of the quantities of various items of work, and the expenses likely to
be incurred thereon. The total of these probable expenses to be incurred on the work is known as
the estimated cost of the work.

Need for estimation

• It helps to work out the approximate cost of the project to decide the feasibility of the
project concerning the cost and to ensure the financial resources. It decides if a proposal can
be approved or not.
• Requirements of controlled materials, such as cement and steel can be estimated for making
applications to the controlling authorities.
• It is used to frame the tenders for the works and check the contractor's work during and
after execution to make payments to the contractor.
• The estimate is calculated in detail from quantities of different items of work. Resources are
allocated to different activities of the project and ultimately their durations and whole
planning and scheduling of the project are carried out.

Different types of estimates

There are different types of estimates based on the factors considered while preparing the
estimate.

14
 1. Approximate estimate

It is also called a preliminary estimate. This is prepared at the initial stage of a project to give the
owner or client a clear idea about the cost required for the project or construction, and to get
approval from necessary sanctioning bodies such as banks to get loans.

2. Annual Repair Estimate or Special Repair Estimate

It is used for annual repair estimates or special repair estimates. These estimates are prepared for
the purpose to maintain the constructed element in good condition.

Works that included when considering repair works, whitewashing, painting, plastering works,
patching works, sanitary works, etc.

A special repair estimate is prepared in a situation where the costs of materials increased when
compared to the annual repair estimate cost.

3. Revised Estimates

A revised estimate is prepared when the cost of the previously submitted estimate increases by
57% or more than that.

But here the reason for calculating the estimate must have a strong & valid reason like a sudden
increase in the cost and expenses of materials.

The reason and comparative statement between the two estimates should be annexed with a revised
estimate.

4. Supplementary Estimate

This type of estimate is prepared when there is a necessary situation for supplementary works, to
progress out the original work.

The annexure of the originally prepared estimate and supplementary amount of the originally
prepared estimate when submitting for requesting approval.

5. Detailed Estimate

15
It is the most important type of estimate for building construction. A detailed estimate is prepared
with the help of a complete set of contract documents.

The preparations of the detailed estimate can do under 2 phases such as working out quantities of
different works and calculating the cost of each work.

3.5 DUTIES OF A QUANTITY SURVEYOR OR ESTIMATOR

As a quantity surveyor, you will be responsible for helping to estimate costs, quantities, and
project timelines and providing this information to clients. You will be liaising with a variety of
other teams and helping to keep a project on track.

The job role of a quantity surveyor involves the following duties:

i. Liaising with clients to identify their needs.

ii. Estimating quantities, costs, and time scales for material and labor. iii.
Preparing tender and contract documents. iv. Identifying and weighing
up commercial risks.
v. Assigning work to subcontractors.
vi. Valuing completed work, managing budgets, and overseeing payments. vii.
Ensuring projects meet legal and quality standards. viii.
Ensuring that clients get value for their money. ix.
Advising on the maintenance costs of specific buildings.
x. Submitting regular budget reports. xi.
Following building regulations and health and safety.

xii. Working at a client’s business, in an office, or on a construction site.

3.6 ELEMENTS OF A STRUCTURE

The following are the basic elements of a building:

• Foundation

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 • Plinth
• Walls and columns
• Sills, lintels and chejjas
• Doors and windows
• Floors
• Roofs
• Steps, stairs, and lifts
• Finishing work
• Building services.

ITEMS OF WORK

The following are the items of work as per IS:1200

 Site clearance.  Excavation for foundations  P. C. C. in foundations.

 Masonry in foundations.
 C. R. Masonry in the plinth.
 Damp proof course at plinth level.
 Plinth filling with hard murum.
 Brick Work (or stone masonry) in Superstructure.
 Providing and fixing door and window frames.
 Lintels over openings.
 Flat R.C.C. or sloping roof.
 External and internal plastering and pointing.
 Providing and laying flooring.
 Door and Window shutters.
 Water supply and sanitary arrangement.  Electrification

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 CHAPTER FOUR

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

4.1 CONCLUSION
The industrial training for 3 months has been found to be effective and efficient in closing the
gap between the scientific study and practical study. The Student Industrial Work Experience
Scheme (SIWES) has exposed me to practical works but also has opened me up in the way to
interact with senior colleagues in the field, which has exposed me to industry based skills
necessary for a smooth transition from the classroom to real-time practice of the profession.

training has exposed me to the following important spheres of development:

• How to deal and interact with other fellow engineers in the field of engineering field.
• Finding that team work is the most important element in every successful project.
• Learn that the Surveyor is capable of a lot of work such as supervision, implementation,
the calculation of quantities and design of structures. Also, an Surveyor can work as a
consultant or contractor.
• How to control and manage the site and how to behave when there is a problem by taking
a professional decision.
• Plan must be clear and easy to read for those who will use it.

4.2 RECOMMENDATIONS

In view of the relevance of the SIWES program, it is important that it is sustained by the
government through the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) as it exposes the student to work tools,
facilities, and equipment that may not be available in their respective institutions in relation to
their course of study. To this end, I recommend that the following under-listed points should be
implemented:

i. Students’ Industrial Works Experience Scheme (SIWES) needs to be strengthened by all

concerned stakeholder in order for its objectives to be fully realized. ii. Regular monthly
allowances for students on attachment should be paid promptly.

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ii. Organizations should always accept students for SIWES and subsequently assign them to
relevant jobs.
iii. Experience staff should always be made to train the students on attachment.
iv. There should be more funding of the scheme by the government in order for it to be more
effective.
v. The companies should put in place all the necessary facilities needed to enhance the
knowledge of the student in industrial attachment.
vi. It will be of great benefit if the institution can create a platform whereby student can
obtain PRE-SIWES knowledge or excursion programs, before student embark for general
6 months industrial training programme.

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 REFFERENCE

Agor, R. (1993), Text book of Surveying and Levelling, Klamme Publishers, India

Barry F. Kavanagh. (2003) Surveying Principles and Applications, R.R.Donnelley and Sons
Company USA

Haggius,A,L.(1974) Elementary Surveying, longman Group ltd.

James R. Wishing and Roy H. Wirshing. (1985) Introductory Surveying, The McGraw-Hill
companies Inc

Joseph William Njiku, Salasu Jacob F.KGodfrey Rutta Bukagile.(2005)The Essentials of

Practical Geography

Okoroigve,D.S. (2002) Surveying for Geographers, Mbeyi Associates, ltd Lagus

William Ritchie,Michael Wood, Robert Wright, David Tait. (1977) Surveying and Mapping for
Field Scientists, Published by David and Charles

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