RIZAL (Scrapbook)

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CHILDHOOD

AND EARLY
EDUCATION
HIGHER
EDUCATION
AND LIFE
ABROAD
Don Francisco first sent him to study at San Juan de Letran where he had passed the entrance
examination but later changed his mind and send him to Ateneo Municipal (formerly known as
Escuela Pia) instead.

RIZAL AT ATENEO DE MANILA UNIVERSITY (1872-1877)


In 1872, Rizal was sent by his parents to study in Manila. June 10, 1872, Rizal accompanied by
Paciano went to Manila. Rizal enrolled a six-year program, Bachiller en Artes. He became the
“emperor”, a title given to the most outstanding student in class, in just a month’s time. He
wrote a poem, “To the Filipino Youth”. Aside from the poem, he also wrote, “The Intimate
Alliance Between Religion and Education”. Rizal graduated with Highest Honor. He
graduated on March 23, 1877(16 years old).

RIZAL AT UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS (1877-1882)

After finishing Bachiller en Artes, Rizal was sent by Don Francisco to the
During his freshmen year (1877-1878), he attended the course Philosophy And Letters. Also
in the same year, he took a vocational course in Ateneo, that gave him the title perito
agrimensor (expert surveyor) issued on November 25, 1881.
In his second year at UST, Rizal shifted his course to Medicine. He felt the need to take up to
this course after learning about his mother’s failing eyesight.
Rizal’s academic performance in UST was not as impressive as that in Ateneo. He was a good
student in Medicine but not as gifted as he was in Arts and Letters.
In 1882, Rizal and Paciano made a secret pact – Rizal would go to Europe to complete his
medical studies there and prepare himself for the great task of liberating the country from
Spanish tyranny.

RIZAL IN EUROPE (1882-


Rizal’s dissatisfaction in his studies at the University of Santo Tomas and bad experience under
a repressive Spanish regime in the Philippines. This made him decide to leave the country and
proceed to Europe, where he continued his course in the field of Ophthalmology. His relatives
supported him after consultation with his brother Paciano. However, his parents who only knew
that he would have his vacation in Biñan, Laguna, they did not know the plan. Rizal’s Tio
Antonio and brother-in-law Manuel T. Hidalgo, gave the information to Paciano, regarding the
ship Salvadora that Rizal would oard. On May 1, 1882, Paciano gave Jose Rizal 356 Pesos,
afterwards the servant called a Carromata, a local transportation that would take Rizal to
Europe.

RIZAL IN SINGAPORE
The British Colony in Singapore was the first stop of Salvadora on May 9, 1882. This was also
the first Asian country he reached in his life. He stayed there for two days where he visited a
Botanical Garden, Historic places, and shopping areas. Later on May 11, the passengers of
Salvadora including Rizal transferred to Djemnah.

RIZAL IN SPAIN
Education and Advocacy: Rizal traveled to Spain in 1882 to pursue higher education,
particularly in medicine and the liberal arts. While in Spain, he became a vocal advocate for
Philippine reforms and an end to Spanish colonial oppression.
Writing Noli Me Tangere: Rizal wrote his first novel, “Noli Me Tangere,” which was
published in 1887. The novel exposed the injustices and abuses under Spanish rule in the
Philippines, making it a catalyst for the nationalist movement.

RIZAL SECOND TRIP TO EUROPE


In his second trip, Rizal became more active in the Propaganda Movement with fellow
ilustrados like Marcelo H. Del Pilar, Graciano, Lopez- Jaena, Antonio Luna, Mariano
Ponce, and Trinidad Pardo de Tavera.
Rizal became preoccupied with writing articles and essays which were published in the
Propaganda Movement’s newspaper, La Solidaridad.
Among his intellectual works in Europe is his annotation of Antonio de Morga’s Sucesos dela
Islas Filipinas in which Rizal showed that even before the coming of the Spaniards, the
Filipinos already had developed culture.
He also wrote an essay entitled “Sobre La Indolencia delos Filipinos” (On the Indolence of
the Filipinos) published in 1890.
Another essay he wrote strongly called to reforms was “Filipinas Dentro De Cien Anos” (The
Philippines a Century Hence) published in parts of 1889 to 1890.
By July 1891, while in Brussels, Rizal completed his second novel, El Filibusterismo, which
was published on September 18, 1891 through the help of his friend, Valentin Ventura.
Compared with his Noli, Rizal’s El Fili was more radical with its narrative portrayed of a
society on the verge of a revolution.
In 1892, Rizal decided to return to the Philippines thinking that the real struggle was in his
homeland. In spite of warnings and his family’s disapproval, Rizal arrived in the Philippines on
June 26, 1892.

FAMILY MEMBERS

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