Course Outline (W2023)

ELE639: Controls Systems

Dr. Gosha Zywno [Coordinator]

Office: ENG463
Instructor(s) Phone: (416) 979-5000 x 556105
Email: gzywno@torontomu.ca
Office Hours: Tuesdays, 4:30 - 6:00 pm, Wednesdays, 4:30 - 6:00 pm (Virtual)

Introductory course in control theory: system modeling, simulation, analysis and controller design.
Description of linear, time-invariant, continuous time systems, differential equations, transfer
function representation, block diagrams and signal flows. System dynamic properties in time and
Calendar frequency domains, performance specifications. Basic properties of feedback. Stability analysis:
Routh-Hurwitz criterion, Root Locus method, Bode gain and phase margins, Nyquist criterion.
Description
Classical controller design in time and frequency domain: lead, lag, lead-lag compensation, rate
feedback, PID controller. Laboratory work consists of experiments with a DSP-based, computer-
controlled servomotor positioning system, and MATLAB and Simulink assignments, reinforcing
analytical concepts and design procedures.

Prerequisites ELE 532 and CEN 199

Antirequisites None

Corerequisites None

1. ELE639: Course Notes, Copyright 2000-2023, by M.S. Zywno, PhD. The lecture notes are
Compulsory available from the secure course website as PDF downloadable files.
2. MATLAB User Manual (including Control Systems Toolbox and Simulink) the Mathworks,
Text(s):
Inc., Copyright 1995-2023, available for download on the Departmental Network as Matlab
help files.

Reference
1. Control Systems Engineering, Norman S. Nise, 8th edition 2019, Wiley Inc.
Text(s):

Learning
Objectives At the end of this course, the successful student will be able to:
(Indicators)
1. Demonstrates competency in modeling and analysis of a SISO, continuous, LTI control
system in a single feedback loop configuration, including specific tasks of defining a system
analytical description, its stability and its dynamic response. Uses relevant computer
simulation software, MATLAB and Simulink. Identifies and carries out steps required in
performing system stability and dynamic response analysis. (2b)
2. Implements a PID controller on a real-time control system (servomotor), including obtaining
experimental data. Applies the control theory learned to predict performance of the PID-
controlled servomotor. (3a)
3. Describes the differences between theoretical (linear) model and the implemented design
on a real-life system. Assesses accuracy of the results, verifying experimental data and
explaining sources of possible discrepancies. (3b)
 4. Identifies and carries out steps required in designing an in-the-loop controller (PID and
Lead-Lag) for a low order LTI system in order to meet a set of specifications. (4b), (4a)
5. Evaluates the chosen controller design by verifying its performance against a set of criteria,
is able to explain differences between expected and actual results. (4c)
6. Demonstrates proficiency in the use of high-performance engineering modeling and
analysis software, including Matlab, Control Systems Toolbox and Simulink, for control
system analysis and design, in this course and for subsequent engineering practice. (5a)
7. Accomplishes several tasks requiring efficiency in managing own time and tasks to achieve
individual and team goals, including meeting various deadlines. (6b), (6a)
8. Produces a professionally prepared technical report using appropriate format, grammar,
and citation styles, with figures and tables chosen to illustrate points made, with appropriate
size, labels and references in the body of the report. Reports are graded on correctness,
completeness, grammar, quality of graphics and layout. (7a)
9. Responds appropriately to verbal questions from instructors, formulating and expressing
ideas, using appropriate technical terminology - assessed through comprehensive lab
interviews. (7b)
10. Knows the role of the engineer in society, including responsibility for protecting the public
interest (8b)

NOTE:Numbers in parentheses refer to the graduate attributes required by the Canadian

Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB).

3.0 hours of lecture per week for 13 weeks

Course
1.5 hours of lab per week for 12 weeks
Organization
0.0 hours of tutorial per week for 12 weeks

1. Shahab Ghorbani (shahab.ghorbani@ryerson.ca), Ph.D. Candidate

Teaching 2. Sina Solyemanpour (sina.soleymanpour@ryerson.ca), Ph.D. Candidate
3. Rana Danesh (rana.danesh@ryerson.ca), Ph.D. Candidate
Assistants

Theory

Quizzes and Activities 13 %

Midterm Exam 22 %

Final Exam 40 %

Laboratory

Course Lab Projects 25 %

Evaluation
TOTAL: 100 %

Note: In order for a student to pass a course, a minimum overall course mark of 50% must be
obtained. In addition, for courses that have both "Theory and Laboratory" components, the
student must pass the Laboratory and Theory portions separately by achieving a minimum of 50%
in the combined Laboratory components and 50% in the combined Theory components. Please
refer to the "Course Evaluation" section above for details on the Theory and Laboratory
components (if applicable).

Examinations Midterm Exam will be scheduled in Week 7, online, as a take-home, open book exam. There will
be multiple versions, covering problem-solving and theory (covers Weeks 1-6 of lecture notes).

The final exam will be scheduled during the exam period, format TBA: multiple versions, three
 hours duration, problem-solving type. The exam is comprehensive, but with emphasis on the
design aspects of the course.

Please note that the three labs are of different weights: 7%, 9% and 9%, respectively. Also note
that in Winter 2023, due to health considerations, we continue to try to mitigate the in-person
contact within the lab. As a result, in-person Lab Interviews are continued to be replaced with short
D2L Lab Quizzes, and the requirement to check the pre-lab with the TA is continued to be
Other suspended.
Evaluation The D2L Lab Quizzes are scheduled for January 30, March 6, and April 3, 2023.
Information
Course evaluation includes both individual effort (midterm, final exam, D2L quizzes) and group
work (lab reports, homework).

In Winter 2023, all lectures are conducted in person. Counseling hours are virtual, using Zoom
sessions. Midterm Test will be conducted online, as a take-home test, with multiple versions of
problem-solving questions, to be uploaded to D2L using Assignments feature. The final exam
format is TBA. It will be of three hours duration, problem-solving type, closed book with a standard
Teaching formula sheet. The exam is comprehensive, but with emphasis on the design aspects of the
Methods course. Course Activities will be in form of D2L Quizzes and Homework.

All labs are scheduled to be conducted in person, in ENG413, under the supervision of TAs. All
Lab Reports will have to be uploaded to D2L using Assignments feature.

1. All students shall adhere to the rules of Academic Integrity, and shall acquaint themselves with
the Student Code of Academic Conduct and all other relevant policies all relevant university
policies found on Ryerson Senate website: http://ryerson.ca/senate/course-outline-policies. Any
suspected breach of Academic Integrity such as cheating or plagiarism will be investigated with
the participation of the Academic Integrity Officer. Please check the course D2L website for more
information on current policies, including COVID-19 considerations.

2. In accordance with the Policy on Ryerson Student E-mail Accounts (Policy 157), Ryerson
requires that any electronic communication by students to Ryerson faculty or staff be sent from
their official Ryerson email account.

3. There are three projects to be completed in the lab. The first two are computer simulation
projects (SIMULINK & Matlab) and the third is a combination of a nonlinear simulation (SIMULINK
“virtual” servo) and a real-time control experiment with a servomotor. The first two lab projects
Other (simulations) focus on the stability and performance analysis on the PID Controller, and the third
Information project focuses on feedback control by tuning the PID Controller used both in the “virtual” servo
and in real-time DC servo motor system in the Control Systems Lab (ENG413). In simulation
projects students will work with non-repeating data sets that are frequently modified, to be
completed in pairs. For the Servo Project, students will work in groups of four. All partners shall
contribute equally to the lab reports. All lab reports have to be uploaded to D2L via “Assignment”
feature before the start of the lab session when the report is due.

4. Please note that the lab report marks may be adjusted at the end of the course to equalize
differences between sections and different Teaching Assistants' marking styles.

5. All students registered in ELE639 are expected to participate throughout the course in Course
Activities that will support their understanding of the course material. They will include completing
quizzes on D2L and home assignments, for which they will be earning Course Activity Points.
Course Activities are worth 13% of the final grade. Activities will take place every week. These are
low stakes, frequent activities, and there are no make-up arrangements for the missed ones.

Course Content
 Chapters /
Week Hours Topic, description
Section

Goals for the course and course logistics. Review of terminology, objectives, and
control system analysis/design procedures. General concepts of feedback and
Week control - open vs. closed loop systems. Introduction to Matlab & Simulink.
3 Chapter 1
1 Models: transfer functions & block diagrams. Laplace Transform review
(ELE532).

Week System stability, Routh Array, Routh-Hurwitz Criterion.

3 Chapter 2
2

Week Models: block diagrams vs. signal flow graphs. Mason’s Gain.
3 Chapter 3
3

Week Step response specifications. Time domain analysis. Steady state errors.
3 Chapter 4
4

Time domain analysis - transient response of 1st and 2nd order systems.
Week Standard second order model. Higher order dynamics, dominant poles, reduced
3 Chapters 5
5 order models.

System control in time domain - classical three mode controller - characteristics

Week of P, PD, PI and PID control. PID Controller tuning. Top-down design of a simple
3 Chapters 6
6 controller (PD, PI, lead).

Midterm Test. Review.

Week
3 Review
7

Root locus method of system analysis, Proportional Control design from Root
Week
3 Locus plot - choosing gain.
8

Root locus method of system analysis continued. PID Controller design from
Week
3 Chapter 7 Root Locus plot - choosing gain and time constants.
9

Stability in frequency domain: gain and phase margins. Polar plots and Nyquist
Week criterion. Frequency response of a closed loop system. Closed loop second
3 Chapter 8
10 order model in frequency domain. Phase margin of a second order system.
 Correlation between frequency response and time domain response as a basis
Week of frequency response design. Controller design in frequency domain: lead
3 Chapter 9
11 controllers.

Week Controller design in frequency domain: lag and lead-lag controllers.

3 Chapter 10
12

Review of course materials for final exam, Questions and answers regarding the
Week Review
3 final exam.
13 Examples

Laboratory(L)/Tutorials(T)/Activity(A) Schedule

Week L/T/A Description

Lab Project 1: Stability of Control Systems under Proportional, PI, PD and PID Control.
Two (2) sessions + extra time outside the lab time as required. Simulations to analyze
system stability under P, PI and PD Control.

2-3 Lab 1 Individual data sets assigned to lab partners. Note that there is an individual Pre-Lab for
this project that needs to be completed prior to the Lab. Lab 1 Report due in Week 04.
Interviews for Lab 1, scheduled in Week 04, are temporarily replaced by a short D2L Lab
Quiz.

Lab Project 2: Performance of Control Systems under P, PI, PD, and PID Control.
Four (4) sessions + extra time outside the lab time as required.
Part1: Proportional Control – Performance Analysis
Part2: PI Control – Performance Analysis
Part3: PD Control – Performance Analysis
Part4: PID Control – Performance Analysis
4-7 Lab 2
Individual data sets assigned to lab partners. Note that there is an individual Pre-Lab for
this project that needs to be completed prior to the Lab. Lab 2 Report due in Week 08.
Interviews for Lab 2, scheduled in Week 08, are temporarily replaced by a short D2L Lab
Quiz.

8-11 Lab 3 Lab Project 3: Feedback Control of a Real-time DSP-based DC Servo Motor.
Four (4) sessions, only in Control Systems Lab (ENG413).
Part1: Simulated "Virtual" nonlinear servo.
Part2: Actual "physical" nonlinear servo in ENG413 Lab.
Part3: PID Controller Operation both for the "virtual" and the "physical" servo, in and out of
the nominal range.

Note that there is an individual Pre-Lab for this project that needs to be completed prior to
the Lab. Lab 3 Report due in Week 12. Interviews for Lab 3, scheduled in Week 12, are
temporarily replaced by a short D2L Lab Quiz.
Policies & Important Information:

Students are reminded that they are required to adhere to all relevant university policies found in their online course shell in D2L and/or
on the Senate website

1. In accordance with the Policy on TMU Student E-mail Accounts (Policy 157), Toronto Metropolitan University (TMU)
requires that any electronic communication by students to TMU faculty or staff be sent from their official university email
account;
2. Any changes in the course outline, test dates, marking or evaluation will be discussed in class prior to being implemented;
3. Assignments, projects, reports and other deadline-bound course assessment components handed in past the due date will receive
a mark of ZERO, unless otherwise stated. Marking information will be made available at the time when such course assessment
components are announced.
4. Familiarize yourself with the tools you will need to use for remote learning. The Continuity of Learning Guide for students
includes guides to completing quizzes or exams in D2L or Respondus, using D2L Brightspace, joining online meetings or
lectures, and collaborating with the Google Suite.
5. The University has issued a minimum technology requirement for remote learning. Details can be found at:
https://torontomu.ca/covid-19/students/minimum-technology-requirements-remote-learning. Please ensure you meet the
minimum technology requirements as specified in the above link.
6. Toronto Metropolitan University COVID-19 Information and Updates (available https://www.torontomu.ca/covid-19/students)
for Students summarizes the variety of resources available to students during the pandemic.
7. Refer to our Departmental FAQ page for information on common questions and issues at the following link:
https://www.ecb.torontomu.ca/guides/Student.Academic.FAQ.html.

Missed Classes and/or Evaluations

When possible, students are required to inform their instructors of any situation which arises during the semester which may have an
adverse effect upon their academic performance, and must request any consideration and accommodation according to the relevant
policies as far in advance as possible. Failure to do so may jeopardize any academic appeals.

1. Academic Consideration Requests for missed work (e.g. missing tests, labs, etc) - According to Senate Policy 134, Section
1.2.3, if you miss any exams, quizzes, tests, labs, and/or assignments for health or compassionate reasons you need to inform
your instructor(s) (via email whenever possible) in advance when you will be missing an exam, test or assignment deadline.
When circumstances do not permit this, you must inform the instructor(s) as soon as reasonably possible". In the case of illness,
a Toronto Metropolitan Student Health Certificate, or a letter on letterhead from an appropriate regulated health professional
with the student declaration portion of the Student Health Certificate attached. For reasons other than illness, proper
documentation is also required (e.g. death certificate, police report, TTC report). ALL supporting documentation for illness or
compassionate grounds MUST be submitted within three (3) working days of the missed work." NOTE: You are required to
submit all of your pertinent documentation through the University's online Academic Consideration Request system at
the following link: prod.apps.ccs.torontomu.ca/senateapps.
2. Religious, Aboriginal and Spiritual observance - If a student needs accommodation because of religious, Aboriginal or spiritual
observance, they must submit a Request for Accommodation of Student Religious, Aboriginal and Spiritual Observance AND
an Academic Consideration Request form within the first 2 weeks of the class or, for a final examination, within 2 weeks of the
posting of the examination schedule. If the requested absence occurs within the first 2 weeks of classes, or the dates are not
known well in advance as they are linked to other conditions, these forms should be submitted with as much lead time as
possible in advance of the absence. Both documents are available at www.torontomu.ca/senate/forms/relobservforminstr.pdf. If
you are a full-time or part-time degree student, then you submit the forms to your own program department or school;
3. Academic Accommodation Support - Before the first graded work is due, students registered with the Academic
Accommodation Support office (AAS - prod.apps.ccs.torontomu.ca/senateapps) should provide their instructors with an
Academic Accommodation letter that describes their academic accommodation plan.

Virtual Proctoring Information (if used in this course)

Online exam(s) within this course may use a virtual proctoring system. Please note that your completion of any such virtually proctored
exam may be recorded via the virtual platform and subsequently reviewed by your instructor. The virtual proctoring system provides
recording of flags where possible indications of suspicious behaviour are identified only. Recordings will be held for a limited period of
time in order to ensure academic integrity is maintained and then will be deleted.

Access to a computer that can support remote recording is your responsibility as a student. The computer should have the latest
operating system, at a minimum Windows (10, 8, 7) or Mac (OS X 10.10 or higher) and web browser Google Chrome or Mozilla
Firefox. You will need to ensure that you can complete the exam using a reliable computer with a webcam and microphone available, as
well as a typical high-speed internet connection. Please note that you will be required to show your Toronto Metropolitan University
OneCard prior to beginning to write the exam. In cases where you do not have a Toronto Metropolitan University OneCard,
government issued ID is permitted.

Information will be provided prior to the exam date by your instructor who may provide an opportunity to test your set-up or provide
additional information about online proctoring. Since videos of you and your environment will be recorded while writing the exam,
please consider preparing the background (room / walls) so that personal details are not visible, or move to a room that you are
comfortable showing on camera.

Academic Integrity

Toronto Metropolitan University's Policy 60 (the Academic Integrity policy) applies to all students at the University. Forms of academic
misconduct include plagiarism, cheating, supplying false information to the University, and other acts. The most common form of
academic misconduct is plagiarism - a serious academic offence, with potentially severe penalties and other consequences. It is
expected, therefore, that all examinations and work submitted for evaluation and course credit will be the product of each student's
individual effort (or an authorized group of students). Submitting the same work for credit to more than one course, without instructor
approval, can also be considered a form of plagiarism.

Suspicions of academic misconduct may be referred to the Academic Integrity Office (AIO). Students who are found to have committed
academic misconduct will have a Disciplinary Notation (DN) placed on their academic record (not on their transcript) and will
normally be assigned one or more of the following penalties:

1. A grade reduction for the work, ranging up to an including a zero on the work (minimum penalty for graduate work is a zero on
the work);
2. A grade reduction in the course greater than a zero on the work. (Note that this penalty can only be applied to course
components worth 10% or less, and any additional penalty cannot exceed 10% of the final course grade. Students must be given
prior notice that such a penalty will be assigned (e.g. in the course outline or on the assignment handout);
3. An F in the course;
4. More serious penalties up to and including expulsion from the University.

The unauthorized use of intellectual property of others, including your professor, for distribution, sale, or profit is expressly prohibited,
in accordance with Policy 60 (Sections 2.8 and 2.10). Intellectual property includes, but is not limited to:

1. Slides
2. Lecture notes
3. Presentation materials used in and outside of class
4. Lab manuals
5. Course packs
6. Exams

For more detailed information on these issues, please refer to the Academic Integrity
policy(https://www.torontomu.ca/senate/policies/pol60.pdf) and to the Academic Integrity Office website
(https://www.torontomu.ca/academicintegrity).

Academic Accommodation Support

Toronto Metropolitan University acknowledges that students have diverse learning styles and a variety of academic needs. If you have a
diagnosed disability that impacts your academic experience, connect with Academic Accommodation Support (AAS). Visit the AAS
website or contact aasadmin@torontomu.ca for more information.
Note: All communication with AAS is voluntary and confidential, and will not appear on your transcript.

Important Resources Available at Toronto Metropolitan University

1. The Library provides research workshops and individual assistance. If the University is open, there is a Research Help desk on
the second floor of the library, or students can use the Library's virtual research help service at https://library.torontomu.ca/ask
to speak with a librarian.

2. Student Life and Learning Support offers group-based and individual help with writing, math, study skills, and transition
support, as well as resources and checklists to support students as online learners.

3. You can submit an Academic Consideration Request when an extenuating circumstance has occurred that has significantly
impacted your ability to fulfill an academic requirement. You may always visit the Senate website and select the blue radial
button on the top right hand side entitled: Academic Consideration Request (ACR) to submit this request).

Please note that the Provost/Vice President Academic and Deans approved a COVID-19 statement for Fall 2022 related to
academic consideration. This statement will be built into the Online Academic Consideration System and will also be on the
Senate website (www.torontomu.ca/senate) in time for the Fall term:

Policy 167: Academic Consideration for Fall 2022 due to COVID-19: Students who miss an assessment due to cold or flu-like
symptoms, or due to self-isolation, are required to provide a health certificate. All absences must follow Senate Policy 167:
Academic Consideration.

Also NOTE: Policy 167: Academic Consideration does allow for a once per term academic consideration request without
supporting documentation if the absence is less than 3 days in duration and is not for a final exam/final assessment. If the
absence is more than 3 days in duration and/or is for a final exam/final assessment, documentation is required. For more
information please see Senate Policy 167: Academic Consideration.

4. TMU COVID-19 Information and Updates for Students summarizes the variety of resources available to students during the
pandemic.

5. TMU COVID-19 Vaccination Policy.

6. If taking a remote course, familiarize yourself with the tools you will need to use for remote learning. The Remote Learning
guide for students includes guides to completing quizzes or exams in D2L Brightspace, with or without Respondus LockDown
Browser and Monitor, using D2L Brightspace, joining online meetings or lectures, and collaborating with the Google Suite.

7. Information on Copyright for students.

8. At Toronto Metropolitan University (TMU), we recognize that things can come up throughout the term that may interfere with a
student's ability to succeed in their coursework. These circumstances are outside of one's control and can have a serious impact
on physical and mental well-being. Seeking help can be a challenge, especially in those times of crisis.

If you are experiencing a mental health crisis, please call 911 and go to the nearest hospital emergency room. You can also
access these outside resources at anytime:
Distress Line: 24/7 line for if you are in crisis, feeling suicidal or in need of emotional support (phone: 416-408-4357)
Good2Talk: 24/7 hour line for postsecondary students (phone: 1-866-925-5454)
Keep.meSAFE: 24/7 access to confidential support through counsellors via My SSP app or 1-844-451-9700

If non-crisis support is needed, you can access these campus resources:

Centre for Student Development and Counselling: 416-979-5195 or email csdc@torontomu.ca

Consent Comes First - Office of Sexual Violence Support and Education: 416-919-5000 ext: 553596 or email
osvse@torontomu.ca

We encourage all Toronto Metropolitan University community members to access available resources to ensure support is
reachable. You can find more resources available through the Toronto Metropolitan University Mental Health and Wellbeing
website.