Recombinant DNA Technology

Why can transferred DNA be translated within cells of a transgenic organism ?

i. Genetic code is universal and

, as are transcription translation mechanisms .

÷÷÷÷÷÷.÷: Using
Transformed Are Made Recombinant DNA Technology
Organisms

→
Genetic is where plants and be
engineering microorganisms , animals can

transformed using recombinant DNA

technology .

'

Promoter regions that activated in specific cell types be

are
only can

used control which of

to
exactly an animal 's body cells the protein
is produced in .

÷ If produced be harvested
the protein is
only in certain cells, it can

more
easily .

PROS
CONS
•

Agricultural crops can be transformed so that

they give
higher yields nutritious Monoculture of transformed reduces biodiversity
'

or are more
crop
.
.

Uncontrolled of recombinant
Crops be transformed have pests spread DNA
'

resistance to
to
creating
•

can or -

"
droughts superweeds
. "

Anti
Enzymes from transformed
globalisation Few large biotechnology
'

in
industry be produced :
companies
•
-
can ,

control forms of genetic engineering

organisms some
-
.

'

Drugs can be made

quickly and cheaply using recombinant .

Designer babies

of
Ownership issues
genetic
'

DNA who
technology .
owns

material -
the donor the researcher
or

Gene Therapy %,
E- - a- - - , - ,-
%
→
Gene of recombinant human diseases
therapy is the
using DNA
technology to treat .

How does work ?

gene therapy
-

Gene therapy involves the defective inside cells to disorders and

altering genes treat
genetic
cancer .

to 2 recessive alleles
If disorder recessive : Add dominant allele supplement mutated
working
.

is

"

If disorder is dominant : Silence "

dominant allele by sticking a bit of DNA in the middle of the allele so

doesn't work
that it any more

2 Types of Gene Therapy

somatic Therapy :
Altering alleles in
bo_dy cells

Germ line therapy :

Altering alleles in se✗_ cells

Debate surrounding gene therapy CONS

be used in
PROS Technology could other ways
-

leg .

aging)
Treats A of of
-

genetic disorders .
risk
overexpression genes