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Cranial Nerves 2016

This document discusses the 12 pairs of cranial nerves. It provides details on the function and innervation of each nerve. The key points covered are: 1) The 12 pairs of cranial nerves are: olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, and hypoglossal. 2) The 3 main functions of cranial nerves are to provide motor and sensory innervation to the head and neck, mediate senses like vision and hearing, and carry parasympathetic innervation controlling functions like breathing and heart rate. 3) Each nerve is described

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Sana chaudhary
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44 views15 pages

Cranial Nerves 2016

This document discusses the 12 pairs of cranial nerves. It provides details on the function and innervation of each nerve. The key points covered are: 1) The 12 pairs of cranial nerves are: olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, and hypoglossal. 2) The 3 main functions of cranial nerves are to provide motor and sensory innervation to the head and neck, mediate senses like vision and hearing, and carry parasympathetic innervation controlling functions like breathing and heart rate. 3) Each nerve is described

Uploaded by

Sana chaudhary
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name of Institution

AINN
B.Sc. Hons. Programme, 1st semester

Fundamentals of Neurophysiology
Dr. Juni Banerjee

1
Cranial Nerves Name of Institution

12 pairs arise from brain


• I. Olfactory • VII. Facial
• II. Optic • VIII. Vestibulocochlear
• III. Oculomotor • IX. Glossopharyngeal
• IV. Trochlear • X. Vagus
• V. Trigeminal • XI. Accessory
• VI. Abducens • XII. Hypoglossal

2
3 main functions of Name of Institution

Cranial nerves

1. They provide the motor and sensory innervation of


the skin, muscles and joints in the had and neck.

2. They mediate vision, hearing, olfaction and taste etc

3. They carry the parasympathetic innervation of


autonomic ganglia that control visceral functions such
as breathing, heart rate, blood pressure etc

3
I. Olfactory Name of Institution

• Sensory nerve
• Dendrites in nasal
mucosa and Axon
ends in olfactory
bulb
• Function: Smell

4
II. Optic Name of Institution

• Sensory nerve
• Function: Sight
• Retinas to thalamus
– pathways from
thalamus to
primary visual
cortex

5
III. Oculomotor Name of Institution

• Mixed nerve
• Motor fibers
– to four extrinsic
muscles of eye:
• Superior rectus
• Inferior rectus
• Medial rectus
• Inferior oblique
• Proprioceptive sense
from same 4 muscles
• Function: Eye
movements
6
IV. Trochlear Name of Institution

• Mixed nerve
• Function: Eye
movements
• Motor fibers
– to one extrinsic
muscle of eye:
• Superior
oblique
• Sensory
– Proprioceptive
sense from same
7
V. Trigeminal Name of Institution

• Largest cranial nerve


• Mixed nerve
• Sensory fibers from
face
– Touch
– Temperature
– Pain (esp. of
teeth)
• Motor fibers to
chewing muscles

8
VI. Abducens Name of Institution

• Mixed nerve
• Function: Motor
– fibers to one
extrinsic
muscle of eye:
• Lateral
rectus
• Sensory
– Proprioceptive
sense from
same
9
VII. Facial Name of Institution

• Mixed nerve
• Motor fibers
– to muscles of face,
facial expression
– Parasympathetic
fibers to lacrimal &
salivary glands
• Sensory
– Proprioceptive
sense from facial
muscles
– Taste sensations
from anterior 2/3rds
of the tongue
10
VIII. Vestibulocochlear
Name of Institution

• Sensory nerve
• Vestibular branch
from vestibule &
semicircular canals
– Sense of balance,
equilibrium
• Cochlear branch from
cochlea
– Sense of hearing

11
IX. GlossopharyngealName of Institution

• Mixed nerve
• Motor fibers
– to some swallowing
muscles
– Autonomic fibers to
parotid glands(?)
• Sensory
– Innervates taste
buds in the
posterior 3rd of the
tongue.
– Stretch receptors in
carotid body
(?/HW) 12
X. Vagus Name of Institution

• Mixed (“the wanderer”)


• Autonomic fibers
innervate smooth
muscle in heart,
trachea, esophagus,
stomach etc.
• Motor fibers to larynx,
pharynx and control
speech
• Sensory from larynx,
pharynx, abdomen and
innervates taste buds.
13
Spinal nerves Name of Institution

14
Please Refer books Name of Institution

and prepare slides for


XI & XII cranial nerves!

15

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