Scribd
Upload
19 views

CHNG1000 - Sep Processes Tutorial

This document contains information about several separation processes, including vapor-liquid equilibrium, flash distillation, and differential distillation. It provides experimental data and equations to calculate properties like temperature, phase compositions, vaporization fraction, and heater duty for various separation scenarios. Graphical and analytical solutions are presented for a differential distillation problem to enrich benzene content from a feed.

Uploaded by

Tamir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
19 views

CHNG1000 - Sep Processes Tutorial

This document contains information about several separation processes, including vapor-liquid equilibrium, flash distillation, and differential distillation. It provides experimental data and equations to calculate properties like temperature, phase compositions, vaporization fraction, and heater duty for various separation scenarios. Graphical and analytical solutions are presented for a differential distillation problem to enrich benzene content from a feed.

Uploaded by

Tamir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

CHNG1000 Introduction to Chemical & Process Engineering

Introduction to Separation Processes


Tutorial

Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium
A liquid mixture initially containing 25 mol% benzene and 75 mol% toluene is heated at a constant pressure
of 1.013 bar from T = 60°C to T = 90°C. Using the experimental data plotted below, determine the following:
(a) At what temperature does the mixture start to boil?
(b) What is the composition of the first bubble of vapour formed?
(c) What are the compositions of the coexisting liquid and vapour phases when 25 mol% of the original
liquid charge has been vaporised? Assume that the vapour remains in the apparatus and that it is
completely mixed and in equilibrium with the liquid phase.

N.B. x = mole fraction of benzene in the liquid phase, y = mole fraction of benzene in the vapour phase.

1
Flash Distillation
A binary mixture of hexane and octane containing 61 mol% hexane is fed as compressed liquid to a flash
unit, fitted with a pre-heater and expansion valve, where it is expanded to ambient pressure and partially
vaporised in a steady flow process. Use the enthalpy-composition diagram provided to answer the following:
(a) If the unit is operated in an adiabatic mode and the molar enthalpy of the feed is 30000 kJ/kmol, what
is the temperature T in the flash vessel? What are the compositions of the outflowing liquid and vapour
phases, and what fraction of the feed is vaporised on a molar basis?
(b) If the unit is operated with the same feed conditions but in non-adiabatic mode such that the
temperature in the flash vessel is 100°C, what will be the new compositions of the outflowing liquid and
vapour phases, and what fraction of the feed is vaporised on a molar basis? If the feed rate is 100
kmol/h, what is the required heater duty?

2
Differential Distillation – Analytical Solution
A 30 mol% feed of benzene in toluene is subjected to a differential-distillation operation. A product having

average composition of 45 mol% benzene is to be produced. Calculate the amount of residue, assuming !"

#"$%&"'()"*!"#"+,,%

Differential Distillation – Graphical Solution


A 55 mol% feed of benzene in styrene is to be enriched in a batch differential-distillation operation. The
initial amount in the still is 150 moles, and the still operates at 101.3 kPa. The vapour pressure relationships
for benzene and styrene can be determined from Antoine’s equation:
𝐵
log(𝑝!"# ) = 𝐴 −
𝑇+𝐶
where 𝑝!"# is the saturated vapour pressure in kPa and T is temperature in °C.
Benzene Styrene
Ai 6.0191 6.0490
Bi 1204.6 1420
Ci 220.10 206

(a) For the system pressure of 101.3 kPa, plot:


i. T-x-y diagram
ii. x-y equilibrium diagram

(b) Solving Rayleigh’s relationship graphically, determine the amount that needs to be distilled to obtain a
still residue composition of 10 mol%. What is the average distillate composition?

(c) Given that the mean relative volatility is 6.582, repeat part (b) using the analytical solution of Rayleigh’s
relationship. Compare with the answers obtained in part (b).

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy