Name of Drug Classification Mechanism of Indications Contraindication Adverse Effect Nursing

Action s Responsibility
Generic name: Classification: Thought to •Control of •patients who have Hemolytic reaction •Consider
Paracetamol analgesics, produce pain due to ever had reducing the total
Antipyretic analgesia by headache, an allergic reaction daily dose and
Brand name: inhibiting dysmenorrhea, to increasing dosing
Biogesic Prostaglandin arthralgia, and paracetamol or any intervals in
and other myalgia. other patients with
ROUTE: IV substances that •It also reduces medicine. hepatic or renal
sensitize pain fever in •patients who have impairment.
DOSAGE: 1g receptors. Drug viral and liver or -Monitor vital
may bacterial kidney problems. Signs.
FREQUENCY: relieve fever infections.
q6 through central •It also reduces
action in the fever in
hypothalamic viral and
heat regulating bacterial
center. infections.
 Name of Drug Classification Mechanism of Indications Contraindication Adverse Effect Nursing
Action s Responsibility
Generic name: THERAPEUTIC Inhibits the Treatment Contraindicated in CNS: Confusion, •Assess patient for abdominal pain.
Ranitidine CLASS: action of and Hypersensitivity, dizziness, Note presence of blood in emesis,
Hydrochloride Histamine histamine at prevention of Cross-sensitivity drowsiness, stool, or gastric aspirate.
Antagonist the H2 heartburn, may occur; some hallucinations, •High doses (100 mg or more) or
Brand Name: receptor site acid oral liquids contain headache prolonged IV therapy (5 days or
Zantac located indigestion, alcohol and should CV: Arrhythmias longer) may increase ALT level.
primarily in and sour be avoided in GI: Altered taste, Monitor ALT level daily for
ROUTE: IV gastric stomach. patients with black tongue, remainder of treatment.
parietal cells, known intolerance. constipation, dark •Don't use OTC forms in children
DOSAGE: 50mg resulting stools, diarrhea, younger than age 12 unless directed
in inhibition of drug-induced by health care provider.
FREQUENCY: gastric acid hepatitis, nausea •Look alike–sound alike: Don't
q8 secretion. GU: Decreased sperm confuse ranitidine with
In addition, count, rimantadine. Don't confuse Zantac.
ranitidine impotence •Remind patient to take once daily
bismuth ENDO: prescription drug at bedtime for
citrate has Gynecomastia best
some HEMAT: results.
antibacterial Agranulocytosis, •Instruct patient to take without
action against Aplastic Anemia, regard to meals because absorption
H. pylori. neutropenia, isn't affected by food.
thrombocytopenia
LOCAL: Pain
at IM site
MISC:
Hypersensitivity
reactions, vasculitis
 Name of Drug Classification Mechanism of Indications Contraindication Adverse Effect Nursing
Action s Responsibility
Generic name: General Binds opioid Nubain is Nalbuphine should CNS: dizziness, •Reassess patient's level of pain at
Nalbuphine Classification: receptors in the indicated for be used with headache, sedation, least 15 and 30 minutes.
Hydrochloride Opioid analgesics CNS, altering the caution in patients vertigo after parenteral administration.
perception of an management of who have been •Carefully monitor vital signs,
Brand Name: Specific emotional pain severe receiving mu CV: bradycardia respiratory status, and sedation
Nubain Classifications: response to enough to opioid analgesics level in all patients receiving
Opioid antagonists- pain. require an on a regular basis. EENT: dry mouth opioids, especially those receiving
ROUTE: IV opioid partial opioid I.V drugs, even those given
agonists. analgesic and GI: nausea and postoperatively.
DOSAGE: 10mg for which vomiting •Monitor patient for respiratory
alternative depression, especially within first
FREQUENCY: treatments are Respiratory: 24 to 72 hours of the therapy.
q6 inadequate. Respiratory •Assess patient's risk of opioid
And can also be depression abuse, misuse, and addiction.
used as
supplement to Skin: clamminess and
balance diaphoresis
anesthesia for
preoperative
and
postoperative
and
postoperative
analgesia, and
for obstetrical
analgesia
during labor
and delivery.
 Name of Drug Classification Mechanism of Indications Contraindication Adverse Effect Nursing
Action s Responsibility
Generic Name: Classification: Binds to -opiate Management of Hypersensitivity to Dizziness, nausea, •Instruct client to report any
Tramadol Analgesic receptors in the pain in the tramadol, opioids, drowsiness, dry adverse reaction to the physician or
CNS causing operation site. or any component mouth, constipation, nurse. Tell patient that tolerance or
Brand name: inhibition of of the formulation; headache, sweating, drug dependence may result from
Ultram ascending pain opioid dependent vomiting, itching, extended use (withdrawal
pathways, patients’ acute rash, visual symptoms have been reported);
Dosage: 50mg altering the intoxication with disturbances, and abrupt discontinuation should be
perception of alcohol hypnotics, vertigo. avoided.
Frequency: Q6 and response to centrally acting •You should not take Ultram if you
pain; also analgesics opioids, have ever been addicted to drugs or
Route: IVTT inhibits the or psychotropic alcohol.
reuptake of drugs.
norepinephrine
and serotonin,
which also
modifies the
ascending pain
pathway.
 Name of Drug Classification Mechanism of Indications Contraindication Adverse Effect Nursing
Action s Responsibility
Generic Name: Pharmacologic: Acts directly on •oral: essential Contraindicated CNS: headache, •Monitor client for orthostatic
Hydralazine Hcl Peripheral vascular smooth hypertension with peripheral neuritis, hypertension
vasodilator muscle to cause alone or in hypersensitivity to dizziness •reevaluate therapy if patient
vasodilation, combination hydralazine, develops arthralgia, fever, chest
Trade name/s: Therapeutic: primarily with other tartrazine; CAD, CV: palpitations, pain, or continued malaise.
Apresoline Antihypertensive arteriolar, drugs mitral valvular tachycardia, angina •report persistent or severe
decreasing •parenteral: rheumatic heart pectoris constipation
Pregnancy peripheral severe essential disease (implicated •report unexplained fever or
Patient’s dose: Category Risk: C resistance; hypertension in MI) GI: anorexia, nausea, malaise, muscle or joint aching,
5mg q6 PRN for maintains or when drug vomiting, diarrhea rash, numbness, tingling
BP 160/90 increases renal cannot be given •document and record.
and cerebral orally or when GU: difficult
Available forms: blood flow. need to lower micturation,
Tablets – 10, 25, BP is urgent. impotence
50, 100mg; •unlabeled
injection – uses: reducing Hematologic: blood
20mg/mL afterload in the dyscrasias
treatment of
heart failure, Hypersensitivity:
severe aortic rash, urticaria, pruritus
insufficiency,
and after valve
replacement
(doses up to
800mg TID).
 Name of Drug Classification Mechanism of Indications Contraindication Adverse Effect Nursing
Action s Responsibility
Generic Name: Functional: Loop Acts on the Furosemide is Contraindicated in CV: circulatory •Monitor weight, blood pressure,
Furosemide diuretic ascending loop indicated for patients collapse and pulse rate routinely with long
of Henle in the the treatment of hypersensitive to GU: renal failure term use and during rapid dieresis.
Brand Name: Chemical: kidney, edema drug and those HEMA: Use can lead to profound water and
Lasix Sulfonamide inhibiting associated with with anuria. Thrombocytopenia, electrolyte depletion.
derivative reabsorption of congestive agranulocytosis, •If oliguria or azotemia develops or
Dosage: 40mg per electrolytes heart failure, leukopenia, increases, drug may need to be
tab sodium and Edema due to neutropenia. stopped.
chloride, cardiac, hepatic INTEG: Stevens- •Monitor fluid intake and output
Frequency: BID causing & renal disease, Johnson syndrome, and electrolyte, BUN.
q12 excretion of burns; mild to SYST: Toxic
sodium, moderate HTN, epidermal necrolysis
calcium, hypertensive
magnesium, crisis, acute
chloride, water, heart failure,
and some reduced urinary
potassium; output due to
decreases gestoses,
reabsorption of chronic renal
sodium and failure,
chloride and nephrotic
increases syndrome.
excretion of
potassium in the
distal tubule of
the kidney;
responsible for
slight
antihypertensiv
e effect and
peripheral
vasodilatation.