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Pictorial Drawings

This document discusses different types of pictorial drawings used in construction, including isometric, oblique, axonometric, and planometric drawings. Isometric drawings are the most common type and involve drawing horizontal lines at 30 degrees and keeping vertical lines vertical. However, isometric drawings can appear elongated, so an isometric scale should be used to proportion the drawing correctly. Examples are provided of constructing specific structures like bricks and dovetailed joints using isometric projection techniques.

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Christian Olivo
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53 views2 pages

Pictorial Drawings

This document discusses different types of pictorial drawings used in construction, including isometric, oblique, axonometric, and planometric drawings. Isometric drawings are the most common type and involve drawing horizontal lines at 30 degrees and keeping vertical lines vertical. However, isometric drawings can appear elongated, so an isometric scale should be used to proportion the drawing correctly. Examples are provided of constructing specific structures like bricks and dovetailed joints using isometric projection techniques.

Uploaded by

Christian Olivo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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19.

PICTORIAL DRAWINGS

There are many types of pictorial drawings and these include


isometric, oblique, axonometric and planometrics and the four
drawings figures 164 - 167 illustrate the differences between Figure 166
them. Of these, isometric drawings are the most common.

Figure 164 Figure 167


olanometric

ISOMETRIC PROJECTIONS

Figure 168 is an isometric drawing giving details of a reinforced


concrete floor supported by beams and columns and figure
169 is an isometric view of a carpenter's sawing horse. This
type of drawing is fairly simple to construct when one remem-
bers that all horizontal lines on the object must be drawn at
30° and all vertical lines remain vertical. Unfortunately,
isometric drawings constructed as in the two drawings tend to
oblique be too elongated so if it is important to produce an isometric
drawing in which all parts appear to be in good proportion to
Figure 165 the others an isometric scale should be made as in figure 170.

52

A. B. Emary, A Comprehensive Practical Geometry for Builders


© A. B. Emary 1981
Pictorial drawings 53

Isometric scale
Units are marked on the 45° line and then projected down to
the 30° line. The vertical lines in the drawing are drawn to
their correct size but all 30° lines are drawn using the isome-
tric scale which makes them slightly shorter than they would
be if drawn to their correct length. This adjustment will make
all isometric drawings appear more correct.
Figure 171 shows the plan and section through a common
building brick. Figure 172 shows an isometric drawing of the
brick and how the frog of the brick can be drawn .

.a

Figure 168
d'- - - -
30° /
Figure 177

c Figure 772
Figure 169
Dovetailed joints
Figure 173(a) illustrates the end view of a lapped dovetailed
joint and figure 173(b) and (c) how the component parts can be
6
accurately constructed in isometric projection. The distances
a - b, a - c, a - d etc., and 1 - 2, 1 - 3, 1 - 4, etc., must
all be marked down the vertical lines to enable the isometric
drawings to be produced correct in all details.
Figuer 170
AXONOMETRIC PROJECTIONS

isom~tric scal~ Figure 174 shows how a half brick can be constructed in
axonometric projection and figure 175 in planometric pro-
jection.

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