Scribd
Upload
69 views

Obesity (Notes)

The document discusses obesity, including its causes, complications, treatment options, and types of bariatric surgeries. Obesity is defined as having excess body fat rather than just weight and is measured using BMI. Complications of obesity include diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, cancers, and more. Treatment involves lifestyle changes like diet and exercise, medications to reduce appetite or block fat absorption, endoscopic procedures, and bariatric surgery for severe obesity. Bariatric surgeries are either malabsorptive like gastric bypass or restrictive like gastric band or sleeve gastrectomy, which reduce stomach size to limit food intake.

Uploaded by

Priyanka Gosai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
69 views

Obesity (Notes)

The document discusses obesity, including its causes, complications, treatment options, and types of bariatric surgeries. Obesity is defined as having excess body fat rather than just weight and is measured using BMI. Complications of obesity include diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, cancers, and more. Treatment involves lifestyle changes like diet and exercise, medications to reduce appetite or block fat absorption, endoscopic procedures, and bariatric surgery for severe obesity. Bariatric surgeries are either malabsorptive like gastric bypass or restrictive like gastric band or sleeve gastrectomy, which reduce stomach size to limit food intake.

Uploaded by

Priyanka Gosai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Obesity

Notes by: Haneen Alsubki

Lots of complications happen from obesity. The surgeries are not for cosmetic effect , rather it’s for health
issues(HTN,DM,Heart diseases ,sexual complications ,and depression).
We always tell patients that the complications from the bariatric surgery are far less than the complications from
obesity itself.
What is obesity? High amount of fat in your body , it’s not more WEIGHT , it’s more FAT.
We tell if the patient is obese or not by BMI(body mass index):weight/height^2.
BMI<18.5 (Underweight)
18.5-24.9(Normal)
25-29.9(overweight)
30-34.9(grade1 obese)
35-39.9(grade2 obese)
>40(grade 3)

What are the causes of obesity?


1) Inactivity
2)Diet(bad eating habits )
3)some studies showed that pregnancy is a cause
4)lack of sleep causes disturbance in body hormones which increases apetite
5)psychiatric medications ,beta blockers, anti-seizure
6)medical conditions: Cushing’s syndrome , hypothyroidism , Arthritis(the patient can’t move)
7)Genetics which account for <5-10% . Most of the time the cause of obesity is the behavior.
8)Family life style: when comparing the Japanese and American lifestyle ; they found that American lifestyle is worst
because of their habits and environment .
9)Age:As a person grow older the metabolism rate decreases

What are the complications of Obesity?


1)DM type 2 /HTN/stroke /heart disease/gall bladder disease/osteoarthritis/poor wound healing/sleep apnea/
metabolic syndrome/breast CA/ colon CA/depression/sexual disfunction(they found that after losing weight there
will be improvement in the erectile dysfunction , sperm count and hormones level.
2)Social isolation
3)physical disability and discomfort

Should we seek medical advice?YES


The doctor will meet you at the clinic and start by taking FULL history(ask about lifestyle, BMI, smoking ,alcohol,
stress, medication usage)
After that will go for PE(signs of Cushing’s, vital signs ,cardiovascular exam) then do blood tests.

What is the treatment?


1)Ask the patient to change his LIFESTYLE(diet, and exercise ) + behavioral changes.
Also ,you have to ask for psychiatric assessment
2)Medications(orlistat, which inhibits pancreatic enzymes)(Saxenda injections , which inhibit the brain affrent for
appetite)
3)Endoscopic like gastric balloons , and Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty
4)last option is Surgery(bariatric).
We consider the eligibility of the pt for surgery by two things.
1)is his BMI more than 40?
Or
2)BMI more than 35 with comorbidities (HTN ,DM, arthritis ,OSA)
*Sometimes if the pt is not eligible we consider other endoscopic procedures like ballon(BMI 27-35)
*Depending on the BMI we consider the management

Types of bariatric surgeries?


1) Malabsorptive :Bilopancreatic diversion , scopinaro and Roux en Y gastric by pass(which is considered
malabsorbtive and restrictive) used for pts with GERD or Failed sleeve gastrectomy.
2)Restrictive:Gastric band and sleeve gastroplasty(which is 85-90% of bariatric surgeries)they resict 75-85% of
the stomach vertically. It works by two mechanisims, 1) by deceasing the size of the stomach we decrease the oral
intake.2)Hormnal effect like: Ghrelin.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy