TEST 9 SECTION 1 Question 1 - 10 Complete the table below. Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer Sports Photography Course Registration Caller’s name: Chris Johnson The level of the selected course: suitable for 1...... How to register: no need for an 2 Cost: 3$ Date available: next course, beginning 4. Telephone number 6 Requirement: bring two photos of different 6... Question 7-10 Complete the table below Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer. Introduction by the instructor Moming Saturday | | —How to choose the appropriate 7 Afternoon | Discuss the 8 to take photos | —Workshop of how to 9 pictures Advice on how to 10 pictures SECTION 2 Questions 11-20 Questions 11-18 Choose the correct letter A, B or C11 The Heritage Clothes Exhibition was put together by A museum staff B local residents C clothing manufacturers 12 The photographs show the clothes worn by A their owners B professional models C design students 13 The exhibiton called “ Toys from the Past * is A displayed in a new gallery B on show for a limited time C specially aimed at children 14 Visitors to * Toys from the Past’ are recommended to A Play with the toys trains B look at the all the dolls, C see the board 15 the miniature toys are ‘A made by the museum B bought by the museum C borrowed by the museum. 16 The biscuit factory made tins A for people alll over the word B of different shapes C for many famous people 17 people's favourite biscuilt used to beAan unsweetened one B one covered in chocolate C one filled with cream 18 The hands-on activity allows people to Amake some biscuits B taste some of the biscuits C pack a biscuit tin. Questions 19 and 20 Complete the sentences below Write NO MORE THAN WORDS for each answer. 19 The gift shop is located beside the. 20 Free...... are available for vistors's belongings ... on the ground floor PART3 Questions 21-30 Questions 21-24 Choose the correct letters, A, B or C 21 what is the topic of the research? A the effect of music on consumers B the effect of music on eating C the effect of music on the price of food 22. The research finds out in the restaurant A the music is played everywhere B the music is played at a uniform volume level C the music is played at a certain time23 24 The first few questions in the questionnair are A to understand people's staste in music B to clarify the research aim C to disguise the purpose of the survey the questions in the questionnaire came trom A aprevious study B a professional dictionary C the student herself Question 25 and 26 Choose Two letter, A- E Choose TWO are the main reasons given for choosing a restaurant? Acompetitors nearby B enviroment C transport facilities D service E seat capacityQuestions 27-30 What is people's attitude toward playing each for the following music in restaurants? Choose Four answers from the box and write the correct letter, A-F, next to Question 27-30 People’s Attitudes A people will spend more money in the restaurant. B people don't even notice the music C people will come back again C people don't think the restaurant is worth the price D people will leave the restaurant right after eating E people don't like the restaurant at all. 27 no music 28 jazz 29 classical music 30 pop musicPart4 Question 31-40 Complete the notes below Write NO WORD ONLY for each answer. Cube Houses Background Information * After World War Il, local urban planners wanted to redevelop and revive the city. * Altogether, the Cube Houses can function as a 31. «Each Cube building is in the shape of a 32 * The Cube Houses sit on top of a 33....... For pedestrians to the central city. * During construction, the work was temporarily discontinued because the designer faced the problem of 34. Design Features of the Cube Houses. « Undemeath the houses, there are three pillars made of 36....... * Anew building is situated between a warehouse and a 36. architecture. * Itis a three- storey building. The ground floor is an entrance - Both the lower level and the top level of each house are in the shape of a 37... - The first floor has a living room and an open kitchen. The medium level has a bathroom and two bedrooms The top floor is sometimes used as a small 38...... + Living in the Cube Houses + There is a nearby market 39...... across the square from the Cube Houses, + For guests, two advantages of the house are its convenient 40.... And reasonable price.TEST 9 READING PASSAGE 1 You should spend about 20 minutes on Question 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 on pages 2 and 3. The Tuatara of New Zealand Tuatara are lizard-like reptiles, found only in New Zealand. They are representative of ancient life forms Tuatara are the only living representatives of an ancient lineage of reptiles called Sphenodontia, which is over 250 million years old. Because tuatara stil look like fossils of reptiles that lived during the age of dinosaurs, they are often called living fossils. Now just two species of tuatara survive, and only in New Zealand. One is the Brothers Island tuatara which, until recent re-introductions to sanctuaries (safe places for wildlife), only survived on North Brother Island. The other species is the common tuatara, which survives on many other offshore islands. Although the tuatara species appear similar, they have genetic differences. Tuatara bones have been found in many parts of New Zealand. Where dated, they are usually a few hundred to 5,000 years old. It is not known whether these bones are from the two living species or other species that are now extinct. Many anatomical features distinguish tuatara from other living reptiles - for example, they have a defining pattern of openings in the skull and a unique type of haemoglobin in the blood, and males have no external reproductive organ. Adults are between 30 and 75 centimetres long, and weigh between 250 and 1.200 grams. Males are larger than females, and have more developed spines in the crest along the neck, back and tail. The male tuatara courts the female by approaching her with a proud walk. Tuatara mate in late summer, and the female usually lays 6-10 eggs the following spring, in a shallow nest at ground level. She may guard the nest for a few nights, then returnto her burrow underground. The eggs incubate for about a year, so hatchlings emerge about the time that eggs are being laid the following season. Evidence indicates the gender of tuatara hatchlings is determined by both genetic and environmental factors. It is said that it is more likely for warmer eggs to produce male tuatara, and cooler eggs to produce females. The hatchlings receive no parental care and need to find their own food. Tuatara live for a relatively long time, reaching reproductive maturity at about 15 years, and may breed for many decades. Their maximum lifespan is not known for certain, but many tuatara have reached 80 years still looking vigorous and healthy. Tuatara live in underground burrows and are more active at night, but will come out during the day to bask in the sun. Both sexes are territorial, and males aggressively defend their territory by posing and fighting if necessary. Teeth are their main weapons, and a bite can cause serious injury. Tuatara are carnivorous, eating invertebrates, lizards and the baby seabirds with which they often share burrows. ‘Tuatara were once widespread and abundant on the New Zealand mainland, but when Polynesian settlers arrived in New Zealand, in about 1250-1300 AD, they brought with them Pacific rats which killed tuatara. By the time of European settlement, in the 1840s, tuatara were almost extinct on the New Zealand mainland. ‘Some islands provided temporary havens, but soon these too began to be invaded by rats and other mammalian predators. Gradually tuatara became restricted to 32 nearshore islands. Many of these islands were tiny, some as small as only one hectare. A few, such as the Poor Knights common tuatara lives on islands off the north-eastern coast of New Zealand, and on some islands in Cook Strait. The Brothers Island tuatara survived only on the of the Brothers Island tuatara have been created on Titi Island in the Marlborough Sounds, and on Somes Island in Wellington Harbour. Tuatara can live in remarkably dense populations. Most tuatara islands have 50- 100 tuatara per square hectare — so an island of only 10 hectares may have apopulation of hundreds. Larger islands with many seabirds and invertebrates, which tuatara eat, may have greater densities. The largest population is on Stephens Island, where there are estimated to be as many as 2,500 per hectare in some places, and a total of at least 30,000. The total number of tuatara on all the islands is estimated to be between 50,000 and 100,000. Legal protection. was granted to tuatara and the islands they occupied in 1895, but the reptiles continued to decline. Since then, active conservation management has reversed the decline, and new populations have become established on predator- free islands. In the mid-1980s the New Zealand Wildlife Service and its successor, the Department of Conservation, developed ways to eradicate rats from islands. Rats have now gone from almost all of the tuatara islands, making them safe for many threatened native species. In addition, the collection by conservationists of eggs for incubation in captivity, breeding in captivity, and moving tuatara to rat- Islands off the Northland coast, or Stephens Island in Cook Strait, were never invaded by rats, and had few of the other mammals that threaten native animals. The tiny, 4 hectare North Brother Island, in Cook Strait. However, two new populations free islands, have increased the number of islands that are inhabited by tuatara to 37. Many new tuatara populations are planned for islands and mainland reserves that have been freed of predators. Questions 1-6 Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage? In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet, write TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this, 1. The two living species of tuatara look alike 2. Many of the tuatara bones that have been found are millions of years old. 3. The tails of male tuatara are a different colour from the tails of female tuatara. 4, The female tuatara lays eggs in a burrow. 5. There are higher numbers of female hatchlings than males. 6. Once they have hatched, young tuatara have to look after themselves.Questions 7 - 13 Complete the notes below. Choose ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer Write your answers in boxes 7-13 on your answer sheet. The tuatara Lifespan - maximum lifespan unknown - many live to at least 7. years old Behaviour - attack other creatures with their 8...... - eat young 9 . that live in the same burrows, invertebrates and reptiles Population - abundant until rats were introduced by 10.........people by the 1840s, hardly any tuatara found on the 11... - islands off the north-eastern coast and in Gook Strait now home to the 12. - Brothers Island tuatara found on North Brother Island tuatara - density of tuatara on Stephens Island is up to 13.. Protection of the species - tuatara population dropped until rats eradicated from islands - eggs were gathered by the Department of Conservation tuatara for every hectare READING PASSAGE 2 You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below. THE TASMANIAN TIGER The Tasmanian tiger, or thylacine, was a camivorous marsupial (a meat- eating mammal which carries its young in a pouch). It was given the name ‘tiger’because it had striped fur, and because it was ferocious. Between 24 million and 15 million years ago, many types of thylacine roamed across Australia, their powerful jaws playing a role in maintaining a balance in the ecosystems of their day. Some species were for sized, while others were barely the size of kittens. But when a period of climate change cooled Australia about 12 million years ago, the numbers of these ancient thylacines began to decline. By about 3 million years ago, only one species was left. About 4,000 years ago, these vanished completely Australia, was then the last remaining place where thylacines existed. They ruled the animal life of that island unchallenged until Europeans with sheep, dogs, and a great indifferent to native flora and fauna, seem to have brought about their extinction. In 1936, the last captive Tasmanian bush, but no definitive evidence has been found, Despite this, there are many who keep searching, In 1981 Dutch - born zoologist Hans Naarding was in Tasmania conducting a survey of Latham’s snipe , a species of endangered bird . One night he saw an animal in the light from the searchlight mounted on his vehicle . He described as. about the size of a large dog , but with slightly sloping hindquarters and a fairly thick tail continuing straight on from its backbone . He said that it had 12 distinct stripes on its back , running down to the point where the tail began . He reported the sighting to the Director of Tasmania's National Parks . When the news broke , said Naarding .' | was besieged by television crews , including four or five from Japan , and others from the United Kingdom , Germany , New Zealand and South ‘America . Government and private search parties combed the region , but no further sightings were made . The tiger , as always , had escaped to its lair - a place that many insist exists only in the imagination . Others disagree . There have been more than 4,000 claimed sightings of the animal since supposedly died out , and the average number of claims reported to the authorities each year is now 150. So is it out there ? Even experts differ in opinion. Randolph Rose , Associate Professor of Zoology at the University of Tasmania , says that he dreamed of seeing a thylacine , but is now convinced that his dream will go unfulfilled . The consensus among conservationists is that any animal with from the Australian mainland, so that Tasmania, a large island to the south ofpopulation base of less than 1,000 headed for extinction within 60 years . Sixty years ago , "he says , " there was only one thylacine that we know of , and that was in Hobart Zoo . Take it from me , the tiger is gone . ' But Dr David Pemberton , curator of zoology at the Tasmanian Museum states that , despite scientific thinking that a relatively large number of animals required to sustain a population the Florida panther is down to a dozen or so animals , and , while it does have some inbreeding problems , is still ticking along .' After all , animals can be notoriously elusive . The strange fish known as coelacanth , with its proto legs", was thought to have died out with the dinosaurs 700 million years ago until a specimen was dragged to the surface in a shark net off the coast of South Africa in 1938. Wildlife biologist Nick Mooney has the unenviable task of investigating all so- called sightings of the tiger. It was Mooney who was first consulted in late February 2005 about the authenticity of new digital photographic images of a thylacine allegedly taken by a tourist. On the face value, Mooney says, this particular account of a sighting and the photographs submitted as proof amount to one of the most convincing cases for the species survival that he has seen. Many other sightings have been hoaxes , and many sincere seekers are victims of obsession . It is a blind optimism that something is , rather than a something isn't , * Mooney says . "If something crosses the road , its not a case of "| wonder what that was 2" Rather , itis a case of" That's a thylacine !" However , Mooney treats sightings on face value . ‘I never try to embarrass people , “he says .... but the fact that I don't pack the car immediately after they telephone can taken as ridicule . Obsessive characters get angry that someone in my position is not out there when they think the thylacine is there . Hans Naarding , whose sighting of a striped animal two decades ago was the highlight of a lifetime of animal spotting, remains puzzled by the time and money people waste on tiger searches. He says resources would be better applied to saying another endangered animal , the Tasmanian devil , and helping declining migratory bird populations . Could the thylacine stil be out there ?' Sure , ‘ Naarding says ‘|know the vast south - west wilderness of Tasmania well . They could survive ( But ) if this is the case , it will not be long before they do disappear completely . Naarding believes that any discovery of surviving thylacines would be rather pointless ' .' How do you bring a species back from extinction? He asks “what could you do with it? If there are thylacines out there, they are better off right where they are.” Question 14-18 Complete the summary below Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer. Write your answer in boxes 14-18 your answer sheet. The thylacine was a dog - like animal which had a 14.........coat and was carnivorous. It was originally spread widely throughout the mainland of 15 ... but started to disappear from that area around 16.......ago because of climate change In the end , thylacines were found only on the island of 17 . of 18........ with their farming practices brought about a drastic reduction in thylacine numbers . The last one is thought to have died in Hobart Zoo in 1936. Question 19-24 Match each statement with the correct person , A,B , C or D. Write the correct letter, A,B, C or D. in boxes 19-24 on your answer sheet until the arrival NB You may use any letter more than once . 19 There is no longer any hope of finding a surviving Tasmanian tiger . 20 It would be preferable not to disturb any surviving Tasmanian tigers 21 Many who claim to have seen Tasmanian tigers are not objective witnesses . 22 Expert estimates of numbers needed to ensure species survival may be inaccurate. 23 There is a great deal of international interest in Tasmanian tiger stories 24 Some fresh evidence provided by a visitor to Tasmania seems credible .List of People ‘A Hans Naarding B Randolph Rose C David Pemberton D Nick Mooney Question 25 and 26 Choose the correct letter A, B , C or D. Write the correct letter in boxes 25 and 26 on your answer sheet, 25 Hans Naarding's sighting of a Tasamanian tiger resulted in A the capture of the tiger B an extensive follow up C many other sightings. D the death of the tiger 26 The example of the coelacanth is used to show that Anew animal species are still evolving B animals can possess surprising physical characteristics, C species of sea animals can be saved from extinction D opinions regarding extinction of animal species can be mistakenREADING PASSAGE Questions 28 - 40 You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 28 - 40 which are based on Reading Passage below. The Cane Toad in Australia Paragraph A The cane toad was introduced into Australia in 1935 to control sugar cane pests in Queensland. One hundred and one cane toads arrived at Edmonton in June in 1935. Breeding occurred almost immediately. The cane toad is tough and adaptable, as well as being poisonous throughout its life cycle, and has few predators in Australia, Paragraph B Cane toads are large heavily-built amphibians with dry, warty skin. They have a bony head and over their eyes are bony ridges that meet above the nose. They sit upright and move in short rapid hops. Their hind feet have leathery webbing between the toes and their front feet are unwebbed. Adult cane toads have large swellings - the parotoid glands - on each shoulder behind the eardrum. Cane toads may be grey, yellowish, olive-brown or reddish-brown, and their bellies are pale with dark mottling. Average-sized adults are ten to fifteen centimetres long. The largest femiale measured in Queensland was twenty-four centimetres long and weighed ‘one point three kilograms, Male cane toads are smaller and wartier than females. During the breeding season males develop dark lumps (nuptial pads) on thei first two fingers; these help them cing to a female while mating. Their mating call is a long loud purring tril. Cane toad ‘spawn is exclusive in Australia. It is laid in long strings of transparent jelly enclosing double rows ‘of black eggs. The spawn tangles in dense dark masses around water plants, and hangs in ropy strands if picked upParagraph C The natural range of cane toads extends from the southern United States to tropical South ‘America. In 2002, cane toads occurred throughout the eastern and northem half of Queensland ‘and have extended their range to the river catchments surrounding Kakadu National Park in the Northern Territory. In New South Wales, they occur as far south as Yamba and Port Macquarie. Paragraph D Cane toads tolerate a broad range of environmental and climatic conditions and appear to be able to adjust and survive in almost any environment system, including sea water for short periods of ime. Ths to a large extent explains their success in their spreading in Australia, Cane toads are found in environments ranging from sand dunes and coastal heath to the margins of fainforest and mangroves. They are most abundant in open clearings in urban areas, and in grassland and woodland. Paragraph E Cane toads eat almost anything they can swallow, including pet food, carrion and household ‘scraps, but most of their food consists of living insects. Beetles, honey bees, ants, winged termites, crickets and bugs are eaten in abundance. Marine snails, smaller toads and nativefrogs, small snakes, and small mammals are occasionally eaten by cane toads. The tadpoles of cane toads eat algae and other aquatic plants which they rasp off with five rows of tiny peg-like teeth. They also filter organic matter from the water. Large tadpoles sometimes eat cane toad eggs. Paragraph F Cane toads were introduced to Australia to eat French's Cane Beetle and the Greyback Cane Beetle. The ‘whitegrub’ larvae of these beetles eat the roots of sugar cane and kill or stunt the plants. The Australian Bureau of Sugar Experimental Stations imported about a hundred toads from Hawaii to the Meringa Experimental Station near Cairns. The toads bred quickly and more than three thousand were released in the sugar cane plantations of north Queensland in July 1935. At that time, some naturalists and scientists warned of the dangers of liberating cane toads, in Australia. Their protests resulted in a brief moratorium on the release of toads, but releases resumed in 1936. The protestors were right. Firstly, cane toads compete for the resources of native animals, like food, which affects native populations. Secondly, cane toads don't have as many established predators as native animals and so their population grows quickly. Finally, ‘some native animals who would normally feed on frogs try to eat toads and get poisoned. Paragraph G All stages of the cane toad's life-cycle are poisonous. No humans have died in Australia from cane toad poison, but overseas, people have died after eating toads and even soup made from boiled toad eggs. Cane toads are also poisonous to pets. In Hawaii, up to fifty dogs a year have died after having cane toads in their mouths. Signs of dogs being poisoned through ingestion include profuse salivation, twitching, vomiting, shallow breathing, and collapse of the hind limbs. Death may occur by cardiac arrest within fifteen minutes. A cane toad responds to threat by turning side-on so its parotoid glands are directed towards the attacker. The poison usually 002es out of the glands, but toads can squirt a fine spray for a short distance if they want. The poison is absorbed through mucous membranes such as eyes, mouth and nose, and in humans ‘may cause intense pain, temporary blindness and inflammation.Questions 28 - 33 The reading passage The Cane Toad in Australia 7 has paragraphs (A~ G). From the list of headings below (i - x) choose the most suitable headings for paragraphs B -G. Write the appropriate number (i -x) in boxes 28 - 33 on your answer sheet. NB There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use them all. Example “Answer Paragraph A v wi entifcation wii Captivity x Environmental impacts 28 Paragraph B 29° Paragraph C 30 Paragraph D 31 Paragraph E 32 Paragraph F 33 Paragraph GQuestions 34 - 37 Reading Passage 3, The Cane Toad in Australia, has 7 paragraphs (A - G). Which paragraphs offer information on the following ideas? Write the appropriate letters (A-- G) in boxes 34 - 37 on your answer sheet. 34 Male cane toads grow protuberances during mating periods. 35 The cane toad's unique way of laying eggs in Australia. 36 Opposition to the introduction of cane toads in Australia. 37 The danger of eating cane toad eggs. Questions 38 - 40 Complete each of the following statements (Questions 38 - 40) with words taken from the box below. Write your answers in boxes 38 - 40 on your answer sheet. 38 When suspended, the eggs of the cane toad resemble 39 Cane toads were introduced into Australia in order to stop beetle young eating sugar cane 40 The text says that dogs affected by cane toad poisoning may have problems wth flowers hearing hair walking leaves roots smelling tadpoles stalks rope seeds sleepingTEST 9 WRITING TASK 1 ( rut td? dé thi géc) You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The chart below show depth of snow (cm) in paticular ski resort in Canada in three individual years Average snow depth by month 300 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 E Y 5 |e ‘wi kl Be Dec Jan nov Syearone Byeartwo Byear three The given bar illustrates how the depth of snow in a certain ski resort in canada changed during the first six months from year 1 to year 3. Overall, the levels of snow in November, December, and January experienced upward trends, while the figures for February, March, and April decreased in three years. In addition, it snowed most during late Spring and early Summer in the given time. In year 1, the depths of snow in February and March were highest, both at a staggering 450 cm, while that in November was significantly lower, at only 100 cm. At the sametime, 150 and 149 cm of snow were recorded in December and January, respectively. Meanwhile, there were 400 cm of snow reported in that particular resort in April After reaching peak of 450 cm in year 2, the figure for April declined dramatically to just 300 cm. Meanwhile, those in February and March, although continued to experience gradual declines in snow depths to 350 cm, they were the leading contenders of the bar chart. In contrast, there were hardly any visible changes recorded at first three months of all years. WRITING TASK 2 ( nit tir dé thi g6c) You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following topiWrTING thak a You shoud apg ‘i un ong a opeKEY LISTENING Section 1: Section 2: 1 beginners 21 2 interview 228 3.38 23c 4 April 17( th)/ 17(th) April 24h 5 07139587302 25A 6 weather 26E 7 equipment 27D 8 position 28 A 9 edit 296 10 sell 30 Section 2 Section 4 1B 31 village 12A 32 tree 138 33 bridge 14 34 finace 15C 35 concrete 16B 36 schol 17A 37 triangle 18 38 garden 19 Information desk 39 hall 20 lockers 40 locationKEY READING Passage 1: The Tuatara Passage 2: TASMANIAN Passage 3: The cane of New Zealand TIGER toad in Australia iT 14 Spriped 28 Vil 2F 15 Australia 29 IX 3NG 16 12 million years 3011 4F 17 Tasmania 311 5NG 18 Europeans 32X 6T 19B 33V 780 20A 34B 8 Tech 210 35B 9 Seabirds 22 36F 10 Polynesian 23.A 37G 11 Maintand 24D 38 Rope 12 common 25B 39 Roots 13 2500 26D 40 walking