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22 views

Web

Uploaded by

rohitsahani63374
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1.HOW ARE TABLES USED IN HTML ?EXPLAIN TAGES WITH EXAMPLE.

ANS:
In HTML, tables are used to organize and display data in a structured format.
Tables are constructed using a combination of HTML tags that define the table
structure, rows, columns, and the content within the cells. The basic tags and
their usage in creating tables are as
<table>: This is the main container tag that defines the table itself.
<tr>: Stands for "table row" and is used to define a row within the table.
<th>: Stands for "table header" and is used to define header cells within a table.
Header cells are typically bold and centered.
<td>: Stands for "table data" and is used to define regular data cells within a
table.
Here's an example of how to create a simple table in HTML:
html
Copy code
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Simple Table Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Sample Table</h1>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>Header 1</th>
<th>Header 2</th>
<th>Header 3</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data 1</td>
<td>Data 2</td>
<td>Data 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data 4</td>
<td>Data 5</td>
<td>Data 6</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
In this example:
The <table> element defines the table.
<tr> tags are used to define rows.
<th> tags are used to define header cells in the first row.
<td> tags are used to define data cells in subsequent rows.

2.DIFFERENITATE BETWEEN EXTERANAL INTERNAL AND INKINE CSS .


Certainly, here are five concise points differentiating external, internal, and
inline CSS:
External CSS is stored in a separate .css file.
Internal CSS is placed within the HTML document's <style> element in the <head>.
Inline CSS is directly applied to HTML elements using the style attribute.
Reusability:
External CSS can be reused across multiple HTML pages.
Internal CSS is specific to the HTML page where it's defined.
Inline CSS is limited to the specific HTML element it's applied to.
Priority:
External CSS has the lowest priority and can be overridden by internal and inline
styles.
Internal CSS has higher priority than external styles but can still be overridden
by inline styles.
Inline CSS has the highest priority and overrides both external and internal
styles.
Maintenance:
External CSS promotes easy maintenance and updates as styles are stored separately.
Internal CSS is suitable for making quick style adjustments within a single HTML
document.
Inline CSS can clutter HTML and make it less organized for maintenance.
Loading and Caching:
External CSS is cached by the browser, leading to faster loading times on
subsequent visits.
Internal CSS is loaded every time the HTML page is accessed.
Inline CSS increases the size of the HTML file and may affect loading times.

3.WHAT ARE THE THREE ELEMENTS OF CSS EXPLAIN WITH EXMAPLE .ONLY FIVE LITTLE POINT
In CSS, there are three key elements: selectors, properties, and values.
Selectors:
Selectors define which HTML elements the CSS rules will apply to.
Examples:
Element selector: p selects all <p> elements.
Class selector: .my-class selects elements with the class "my-class."
ID selector: #my-id selects the element with the ID "my-id."
Properties:
Properties determine what aspect of the selected element is to be styled.
Examples:
color sets the text color.
font-size specifies the font size.
background-color defines the background color.
Values:
Values are assigned to properties and define how the styling should be applied.
Examples:
red, #00FF00, or rgb(255, 0, 0) can be values for the color property.
16px, 1.2em, or 100% are values for the font-size property.
blue, #333, or rgba(0, 0, 255, 0.5) are values for background-color.
Combining these elements, you can create CSS rules to style HTML elements. For
exampl
css
/* Selector: Target all <h1> elements */
h1 {
/* Property: Set text color */
color: blue;
/* Property: Set font size */
font-size: 24px;
}

/* Selector: Target elements with class "highlight" */


.highlight {
/* Property: Set background color */
background-color: yellow;
}

UNIT2.

1.EXPLAIN DIFFERENT POPUP BOXES IN JAVASCRIPT.


There are three main types of popup boxes in JavaScript:
Alert Boxes:
Displayed using alert() function.
Show a message to the user in a small dialog box.
Provide a simple way to convey information to the user.
Example: alert("This is an alert box.");
Confirm Boxes:
Created with the confirm() function.
Ask the user for a yes or no response (OK or Cancel).
Useful for obtaining user consent or confirmation.
Example:
javascript
var result = confirm("Do you want to proceed?");
if (result === true) {
// User clicked OK
} else {
// User clicked Cancel
}
Prompt Boxes:
Generated using the prompt() function.
Request input from the user, typically in the form of text.
Allow the user to provide a response, which can be captured and used in the script.
Example:
javascript
var name = prompt("Please enter your name:");
if (name !== null) {
// User entered a name
} else {
// User clicked Cancel
}
These popup boxes are commonly used in web applications to interact with users,
validate input, and provide information or options for decision-making.

4.What is the importance of a JavaScript Math object? Explain any five methods of
JavaScript Math object.
The JavaScript Math object is important for performing mathematical operations in
JavaScript. Here are five key methods of the Math object:
Math.random()
Generates a random decimal number between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive).
Useful for creating randomization in games, surveys, and more.
Math.floor():
Rounds down a decimal number to the nearest integer.
Useful for getting the largest integer that is less than or equal to a given value.
Math.ceil():
Rounds up a decimal number to the nearest integer.
Useful for getting the smallest integer that is greater than or equal to a given
value.
Math.abs():
Returns the absolute value of a number (removes the negative sign).
Useful for finding the magnitude of a value, regardless of its sign.
Math.pow(x, y):
Returns the result of raising x to the power of y.

5.State XSLT with its respective syntax.


XSLT (Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations) is a language used to
transform XML documents into different formats or structures. Here are five key
points about XSLT with its syntax:
Purpose:
XSLT is used to define the transformation rules that specify how to convert an XML
document into another format, such as HTML, XML, or plain text.
Syntax:
XSLT documents consist of templates that match elements in the source XML and
define how they should be transformed.
Here's a simple XSLT template:
xml
Copy code
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/">
<!-- Transformation rules here -->
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
Matching and Transformation:
The <xsl:template> element is used to specify patterns that match elements in the
source XML.
Inside the template, you define how the matched elements should be transformed into
the desired output format.
XSLT Processors:
XSLT stylesheets are executed by XSLT processors, which take an XML document and
apply the rules defined in the stylesheet to produce the transformed output.
Output:
The transformed result is typically another XML document, HTML, or plain text,
depending on the rules defined in the XSLT stylesheet.

14.State the advantages and disadvantages of XML.


Structured Data: XML provides a structured way to represent and store data, making
it easy to organize and manage information.
Platform-Independent: XML is platform-independent and can be used on various
operating systems and programming languages.
Human-Readable: XML is human-readable, which makes it easier for developers and
users to understand and work with the data.
Interoperability: XML is widely supported and can be used to exchange data between
different systems and applications.
Extensible: XML is extensible, allowing users to define their own tags and data
structures to suit their specific needs.
Disadvantages of XML:
Verbosity: XML can be verbose, meaning it can result in larger file sizes compared
to other data formats like JSON, which can affect network bandwidth and storage.
Complexity: Creating and parsing XML documents can be more complex and time-
consuming than other formats, especially for simple data structures.
Processing Overhead: Parsing and processing XML can be resource-intensive,
especially for large documents, which may impact performance.
Limited Data Types: XML primarily represents data as text, which can be less
efficient than binary formats for certain data types.
Namespace and Schema Complexity: Handling XML namespaces and schemas can add
complexity to XML documents, especially in more structured and complex data models.

1.What is AJAX in web development, and how does it enable asynchronous data
exchange between a web page and a server?
ANS:
Asynchronous Communication:
AJAX enables asynchronous communication between a web page and a server. This means
that data can be sent and received in the background without requiring the entire
web page to be refreshed or reloaded.
JavaScript and XML (or JSON):
While the name suggests XML, AJAX commonly uses JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)
as the data format due to its lightweight and easy-to-parse nature. JavaScript is
the language used to make AJAX requests and handle responses.
XMLHttpRequest Object:
AJAX is typically implemented using the XMLHttpRequest object in JavaScript, which
allows for making HTTP requests to a server and handling server responses without
reloading the page.
Partial Updates:
AJAX is commonly used to fetch and display specific parts of a web page or update
data dynamically. This provides a smoother and more responsive user experience, as
only the relevant data is updated, rather than refreshing the entire page.
Wide Range of Use Cases:
AJAX is utilized in various web applications for tasks such as loading new content
without page refresh (infinite scrolling), live search suggestions, real-time chat,
and interactive web forms. It improves the efficiency and interactivity of web
pages by reducing the need for full page reloads.

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