UCS531-Cloud Computing

Classification of Cloud Implementations

 Cloud Deployment Model
Clouds can be classified in terms of who owns
and manages the cloud;
Types of Clouds (Deployment Model)
Based on a deployment model, we can classify
cloud as
Public
Private
Hybrid
Community
Deployment Model
Public Clouds
Public cloud were the first class of cloud that were implemented
and offered to the wider public.
Computing infrastructure is located on the premises of a cloud
computing company that offers the cloud service.
Services offered are made available to anyone, from anywhere,
and at any time through the Internet.
As public clouds use shared resources, they do excel mostly in
performance, but are also most vulnerable to various attacks.
Very beneficial for small companies and Startups (No upfront
investment).
GlobalDots offers worldwide Public Cloud service in leading data
centers. Experts will assist in choosing the right solution for user.
 Public Clouds
Fundamental characteristic of public clouds is
multitenancy.
QoS management is an another important aspect of
public clouds.
– A significant portion of the software infrastructure
is devoted to monitoring the cloud resources, to bill
them according to the contract made with the user,
and to keep a complete history of cloud usage for
each customer.

e.g. Amazon EC2 (IaaS), Google App Engine (PaaS)

etc
 Public Clouds

Can be composed of geographically dispersed

datacenters to share the load of users and better serve
them according to their locations.
Example – Amazon Web Services has datacenters
installed in the United States, Europe, Singapore, and
Australia;

– allows their customers to choose between three

different regions: us-west-1, us-east-1, or eu-west-1.

– regions can be priced differently

Important Concerns – Public Clouds
– Sensitive Data
– Loss of Control ( example control of the infrastructure
different data accessibility/ regulation rules based on
location)
– Security Issues
• Not suitable for government and military services.
• Abuse of cloud services: Public cloud are easy access to
hackers and authorized users both to store data on it.
Hackers can easily access others’ data on it.
• Denial of service attack: These attacks make the cloud
services unavailable to legitimate users.
Cloud made available in a pay-as-you-go manner
to the general public
Large organizations that own massive computing
infrastructures can still benefit from cloud computing by
replicating the cloud IT service delivery model in-house.
Private Clouds
A Private Cloud is used when the cloud infrastructure,
proprietary network or data center, is operated solely for
a business or organization, and serves customers within
the business fire-wall.
Most of the private clouds are large company or
government departments who prefer to keep their data in
a more controlled and secure environment.
A private cloud is elastic and service based.
In a private cloud-based service, data and processes are
managed within the organization without the restrictions
of network bandwidth, security exposures and legal
requirements that using public cloud services might
entail.
 Private cloud definition
 The cloud infrastructure is operated solely for an
organization. It may be managed by the organization or a
third party and may exist on premise or off premise.
 Also referred to as internal cloud or on-premise cloud, a
private cloud intentionally limits access to its resources to
service consumers that belong to the same organization that
owns the cloud.
 Basic characteristics :
 Heterogeneous infrastructure
 Customized and tailored policies
 Dedicated resources
 In-house infrastructure
 End-to-end control
Private clouds hardware and software stack
This diagram shows one Region in the Cloud.
The VPC contains two subnets, and each subnet is in a different
Availability Zone within the Region.
Each subnet contains an EC2 instance.
This diagram shows an EC2 instance within a VPC.
EC2 instance is connected to a router that is located outside
the VPC but within cloud.
Router is also connected to an internet gateway, which is
located at the border of cloud and the internet.
This internet gateway is connected to other computers that
are located outside of the cloud environment.
Basic architecture of a EC2 instance deployed within Virtual
Private Cloud
EC2 instance is within an Availability Zone in the Region. The EC2 instance is secured
with a security group, which is a virtual firewall that controls incoming and outgoing
traffic. A private key is stored on the local computer and a public key is stored on the
instance. Both keys are specified as a key pair to prove the identity of the user. In this
scenario, the instance is backed by an Amazon EBS volume. The VPC communicates with
the internet using an internet gateway.
Benefits: Private Clouds
• On-premise: Advantage of keeping the core business
operations in-house by relying on the existing IT
infrastructure.
• Avoids Underutilization: Existing IT resources can
be better utilized because the private cloud can
provide services to a different range of users.
• Lower Pricing: Private clouds is the possibility of
testing applications and systems at a comparatively
lower rather than public clouds.
• Customer information protection.
Disadvantages: Private Clouds
• Expensive as high upfront investment.
• Scalability Issue as limited level of hardware up
gradation can be done.
• Limited access (outside the organization).
• Difficult to Set up Private Cloud (Experienced
Staff).
• Monitoring and management cost.
 Comparison :
Public Cloud Private Cloud

Infrastructure Homogeneous Heterogeneous

Policy Model Common defined Customized & Tailored

Resource Model Shared & Multi-tenant Dedicated

Cost Model Operational expenditure Capital expenditure

Economy Model Large economy of scale End-to-end control

Whenever private cloud resources are
unable to meet users’ quality-of-service
requirements.

Hybrid computing systems: partially

composed of public cloud resources and privately
owned infrastructures, are created to serve the
organization’s needs.
 Hybrid cloud definition
 The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two
or more clouds (private, community, or public)
that remain unique entities but are bound
together by standardized or proprietary
technology that enables data and application
portability (e.g., cloud bursting for load-
balancing between clouds).
Benefits: Hybrid Clouds
• Allows enterprises
– to exploit existing IT infrastructures, maintain
sensitive information within the premises,
– naturally grow and shrink by provisioning external
resources and releasing them when they are no longer
needed.”
– Limited Security Concerns (only with public part).
– Scalability Flexible workload Distribution (ex. Big
Day Sale)
– Increased reliability
• Important Concern: Compatibility Issues
 Community cloud

The cloud is characterized by a multi-administrative

domain involving different deployment models (public,
private, and hybrid), and it is specifically designed to
address the needs of a specific industry
A community cloud
 “Community cloud is created by integrating
the services of different clouds to address the
specific needs of an industry, a community, or a
business sector”.
NIST Definition “The infrastructure is shared by
several organizations and supports a specific
community that has shared concerns
(e.g., mission, security requirements, policy, and
compliance considerations)”.
It may be managed by the organizations or a third
party and may exist on premise or off premise

NIST “National Institute of Standards and Technologies”

Different organizations such as government bodies,
private enterprises, research organizations, and even
public virtual infrastructure providers contribute
with their resources to build the cloud
infrastructure.
Example Scenarios
• Healthcare industry sharing information without
revealing the sensitive information.
• Public sector sharing strategic solutions at local,
national, and international administrative levels.
• Scientific Research
 Types of Cloud (Deployment Models)
Private cloud
The cloud infrastructure is operated solely for an organization.
e.g Window Server 'Hyper-V'.
Public cloud
The cloud infrastructure is made available to the general public
e.g Google Doc, Spreadsheet,
Community cloud
The cloud infrastructure is shared by several organizations and
supports a specific goal.
Hybrid cloud
The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more clouds
(private, community, or public)
e.g Cloud Bursting for load balancing between clouds.
Cloud Computing based on Delivery Models

Cloud computing is a utility-oriented and

Internet-centric way of delivering IT services
on demand.

These services cover the entire computing stack:

from the hardware infrastructure packaged as a
set of virtual machines to software services such
as development platforms and distributed
applications.
 Cloud Computing based on Delivery Models --
Cloud Computing Architecture

Type of Cloud Service What It Does Examples

Amazon Elastic Compute
Compute power, networking,
Infrastructure as a service Cloud (Amazon EC2),
and storage provided over
(IaaS) Rackspace, Google Compute
the internet
Engine
Tools provided over the AWS Elastic Beanstalk,
Platform as a service
internet for making Microsoft Azure, Google App
(PaaS)
programs and applications Engine
Applications and programs Dropbox, Slack, Spotify,
Software as a service
that are accessed and YouTube, Microsoft Office
(SaaS)
provided over the internet 365, Gmail
Cloud Computing Architecture

Cloud Reference Model

Cloud Computing Architecture

View of the Layers within a Cloud Infrastructure

A client interacts with a Cloud through a predefined,
thin layer of abstraction. This layer is responsible for
communicating the user requests and displaying data
returned in a way that is simple and intuitive for the
user.
e.g. Web Browser or a thin client application
This is the basis for all computing infrastructure providing
the underlying set of physical machines and IT equipment to
host the various levels of service.
It is a framework that provides entire computing resources
through a service. This allows users to rent or buy
computing resources on demand for their own use without
needing to operate or manage physical infrastructure.
e.g. Amazon EC2, Eucalyptus, and Nimbus.
It is a framework that provides a unique computing platform
or software stack for applications and services to be
developed on
e.g. Microsoft Azure and Google App Engine.
It is a multi-tenant platform for providing applications or
software deployed on the Internet, packaged as a unique
service for users to consume.
e.g. Google Docs, Face book etc.