NARDA User Manual

IDA-3106
Interference and Direction Analyzer
Operating Manual
IDA
IDA 2
Narda Safety Test Solutions GmbH
Sandwiesenstraße 7
72793 Pfullingen, Germany
® Name and logo are registered trademarks
of Narda Safety Test Solutions GmbH and L3
Communications Holdings, Inc. - Trade
names are trademarks of their respective
owners.
© 2014
Order no.: 3106/98.21
Issue: 04/02.2014, A ...
Previous issues: 03/08.2013, A ...
Subject to change.
Our normal terms of warranty and delivery
apply.
Printed in Germany
Contents
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 About this device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 The antenna handle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Narda directional antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 PC connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.5 About this operating manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2 Important Safety Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2.1 Using this operating manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2 Before connecting up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.3 Proper use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.4 Improper use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.5 General hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.6 Dangers due to electromagnetic fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.7 AC adapter / charger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.8 Rechargeable batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.9 Faults and unusual stresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.10 Proper disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3 Connecting Up and Starting to Use the Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

3.1 Unpacking the device. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.2 Device overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.3 Power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.4 Fitting the Narda directional antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.5 Attaching other Narda antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.6 Using cables and antennas from other manufacturers . . . . . 32
3.7 Using the carrying strap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Narda IDA-3106 I
Contents
4 Operation and Basic Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

4.1 Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
4.2 Switching the device on and off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
4.3 Switching standby mode on and off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
4.4 LCD screen elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
4.5 Fundamental operating steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
5 The Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

5.1 Menu overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
5.2 Displaying and editing system settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
5.3 Displaying and editing configuration data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
5.4 Saving and loading setups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
5.5 The memory menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
5.6 The SD Card menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
6 Common Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
6.1 Notes on this chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
6.2 Resetting all device settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
6.3 Setting the center frequency (Fcent) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
6.4 Setting the bandwidth (RBW / CBW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
6.5 Setting the video bandwidth (VBW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
6.6 Setting the reference level (Reference Level) . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
6.7 Selecting the trace type (Trace) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
6.8 Changing the displayed units (Unit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
6.9 Adjusting the Y axis (Y-Scale) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
6.10 The Marker function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
6.11 Using the Magnifier function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
6.12 Using Multi-Channel Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
6.13 Demodulating signals (Audio) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
6.14 Setting the noise threshold (Noise Thresh.) . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
6.15 Measuring with multiple axis antennas (Axis). . . . . . . . . . . 122
6.16 Changing the operating mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
II IDA-3106 Narda
Contents
7 Direction Finding mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

7.1 About Direction Finding mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
7.2 Operating mode specific functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
7.3 Manual Bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
7.4 Horizontal Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
7.5 Localizing a signal source (Outdoor) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
7.6 Exchanging bearings between instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
7.7 The Map menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
7.8 Finding the location of a signal source (Indoor). . . . . . . . . . 152
8 Spectrum Analysis Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

8.1 About Spectrum Analysis mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
8.2 The Spectrum measure menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
8.3 Comparing spectra (Delta Spectrum) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
8.4 Displaying the time characteristic (Spectrogram) . . . . . . . . 166
8.5 The Spectrogram Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
9 Level Meter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173

9.1 About Level Meter mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
9.2 Display overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
9.3 Operating mode specific functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
10 Time Domain (Scope) mode – Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

10.1 About Time Domain (Scope) mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
10.3 Selecting measurement parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
10.4 Measurement parameter examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
10.5 Using the trigger function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
10.6 Saving measured values automatically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
10.7 Measuring the Duty Cycle and Time Domain Power . . . . . . 193
Narda IDA-3106 III

Contents
11 I/Q Analyzer Mode – Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195

11.1 About I⁄Q Analyzer mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
11.3 Selecting measurement parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
11.4 Using the trigger function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
11.5 Saving measured values automatically. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
12 Multi-Channel Power Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

12.1 About Multi-Channel Power mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
12.2 Operating mode specific functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
12.3 Using the Table view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
12.4 Using the Bar Graph view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
13 Measurement Data Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

13.1 About the Memory menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
13.2 Viewing and recalling data sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
13.3 Exporting data (Export to SD Card) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
13.4 Viewing screenshots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
13.5 Replaying demodulation recordings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
13.6 Saving measured values manually . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
13.7 Saving measured values automatically. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
13.8 Changing the comment modes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
14 Maintenance, Repairs, Updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

14.1 Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
14.2 AC adapter / charger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
14.3 Updating the device software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
14.4 Activating options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
15 PC Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
15.1 PC software versions and functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
15.2 Connecting the device to a PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
15.3 Working with the PC software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
IV IDA-3106 Narda
Contents
16 Remote Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

16.1 About remote control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
16.2 Connecting to the PC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
16.3 Connecting to the network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
16.4 Activating / deactivating remote control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
16.5 Syntax rules for remote control commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
17 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
17.1 Definitions and conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
17.2 IDA-3106 Basic Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
17.3 Operating modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
17.4 Antenna handle and antennas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
17.5 Declaration of Conformity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
18 Annex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
18.1 Holding and panning the directional antenna properly . . . . 258
18.2 Determining the polarization plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
18.3 Horizontal Scan in practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
19 Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

19.1 IDA Set with Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
19.2 IDA Basic Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
19.3 Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
19.4 Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
19.5 Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
20 Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
Narda IDA-3106 V
Contents
VI IDA-3106 Narda
1 Introduction
This chapter contains basic information on measuring electromagnetic

fields, on using the IDA-3106, and on how this manual is laid out.
1.1 About this device (page 2)

1.2 The antenna handle (page 3)
1.3 Narda directional antennas (page 4)
1.4 PC connection (page 5)
1.5 About this operating manual (page 5)
Narda IDA-3106 1
1 Introduction
1.1 About this device

The Interference and Direction Analyzer IDA-3106 is a compact, portable
system for measuring electromagnetic signals in the frequency range 9 kHz
to 6 GHz. As well as the spectrum display with its extremely fast measuring
speed, other operating modes such as Multi-Channel Power, Level Meter
and Scope (Option) allow sophisticated analysis of the signals.
Together with the handle and Narda directional antennas, the IDA-3106 is
particularly used for identifying and localizing signal sources. The bearings
determined manually using the Manual Bearing function or automatically
with the Horizontal Scan function can be directly superimposed on an
electronic map in Direction Finding mode. Triangulation can then be used to
determine the location of the transmitter.
The IDA-3106 can be used outdoors even under difficult environmental
conditions thanks to its robust casing, controls that can also be operated
when wearing gloves, and rechargeable batteries that can be hot swapped.
Figure 1: IDA-3106 in field use
2 IDA-3106 Narda
1.2 The antenna handle
1.2 The antenna handle

The antenna handle is designed for attaching to the Narda directional
antennas, providing an ergonomic grip for the antenna. An electronic
compass with declination sensors, a 20 dB preamplifier, and a button for
starting measurements are all built in to the handle. The snap fixing allows
you to quickly and easily adjust the antennas by 90° to match the
polarization plane. The antenna module used and the polarization plane are
automatically detected by the basic unit. The power supply is provided from
the basic unit via the separate data cable.
Figure 2: Antenna handle
An arm support, which simply clips on to the handle and allows effortless
long term use, is included with the handle.
Figure 3: Antenna handle with arm support
Narda IDA-3106 3
1 Introduction
1.3 Narda directional antennas

Three Narda directional antennas that are specially matched to the
IDA-3106 and which fit the antenna handle are available. They cover the
frequency range from 20 MHz to 6 GHz. A highly sensitive loop antenna is
also available as an accessory for covering the lower frequency range from
9 kHz to 30 MHz.
You can of course also use directional or omnidirectional antennas from
other manufacturers with the IDA-3106, but functions such as automatic
adjustment to the antenna factors or Direction Finding mode will not then be
possible.
Figure 4: Directional antenna 1, frequency range 20 MHz to 250 MHz
Figure 5: Directional antenna 2, frequency range 200 MHz to 500 MHz
Figure 6: Directional antenna 3, frequency range 400 MHz to 6 GHz
4 IDA-3106 Narda
1.4 PC connection
Figure 7: Loop antenna, frequency range 9 kHz to 30 MHz
1.4 PC connection
The device IDA-3106 can be connected to a PC via the optical interface or
the USB port (Mini B type). This allows access to the device functions and
measurement results. You can find detailed information about this in the
following chapters:
• PC Software on page 227
• Remote Control on page 231
1.5 About this operating manual
1.5.1 User interface language

This operating manual uses English terminology to describe the user
interface. The user interface of the IDA-3106 can however be displayed in
other languages.
If you select another language for the user interface, the displayed terms will
differ from the ones described in this manual.
Narda IDA-3106 5
1 Introduction
1.5.2 Symbols and characters used

Various elements are used in this operating manual to draw attention to
special meanings or important points in the text.
Symbols and terms used in warnings

The following warnings, symbols and terms are used in this document in
compliance with the American National Standard ANSI Z535.6-2011:
This general danger symbol in conjunction with

the terms CAUTION, WARNING, or DANGER
warns of the risk of severe injury. Follow all
subsequent instructions to avoid injury or death.
Indicates a danger that could lead to damage or

NOTICE destruction of the device.
Indicates a danger that represents a low or

CAUTION medium risk of injury.
Indicates a danger that could lead to death or

WARNING severe injury.
Indicates a danger that will result in death or

GEFAHR severe injury.
Warning format
All warnings have the following format:
WARNING TERM
Type and source of danger
Consequences of ignoring the warning
 Action needed to avoid danger
6 IDA-3106 Narda
1.5 About this operating manual
Symbols and characters

! Important action instruction
Indicates an instruction for action that must be followed in order to avoid
danger.
 Requirement
Indicates a requirement that must be fulfilled before the subsequent action
can be taken. Example:
 The measurement screen is displayed.
 Action
Indicates a single action. Example:
 Switch the device on.
1. Sequence of actions
2. Indicates a sequence of actions that must be performed in the order given.
3.
 Result
Indicates the result of an action. Example:
 The device starts a self test.
Bold text Control element or menu name
Indicates device control elements and menu names. Example:
 Press the OK key.
Gray text Orientation
To keep things simple, only the softkeys that you need to press are
indicated in this manual, not the menus and sub-menus that contain the
softkey commands. To help you find your way around, there is a line of text
in gray at the start of each section indicating the order of selection for the
menus and sub-menus. This line is omitted if the function is on the topmost
level. Example:
Multi-Channel Power • Select Menu
Note: Important additional information or details of special features or situations.
Narda IDA-3106 7
1 Introduction
8 IDA-3106 Narda
2 Important Safety
Instructions
This chapter explains important terms that are used in this operating
manual.
2.1 Using this operating manual (page 10)

2.2 Before connecting up (page 10)
2.3 Proper use (page 10)
2.4 Improper use (page 11)
2.5 General hazards (page 11)
2.6 Dangers due to electromagnetic fields (page 12)
2.7 AC adapter / charger (page 14)
2.8 Rechargeable batteries (page 15)
2.9 Faults and unusual stresses (page 18)
2.10 Proper disposal (page 18)
Narda IDA-3106 9
2 Important Safety Instructions
2.1 Using this operating manual

 Please read this manual carefully and completely before using the
device.
 Keep this manual so that it is readily available to all users of the device.
 Always make sure that this manual accompanies the device if it is given
to a third party.
2.2 Before connecting up

The device left the factory in perfect condition. We recommend that the
following instructions be followed to ensure that this condition is maintained
and that operation of the device is without danger.
2.3 Proper use

The device may only be used under the conditions and for the purpose for
which it was constructed.
The IDA-3106 is designed for measuring and evaluating electromagnetic
fields.
 Only use the device under the conditions and for the purpose for which it
was constructed.
Proper use also includes the following:

 Following the national accident prevention rules that apply at the place of
use.
 Only allowing appropriately qualified and trained persons to use the
device.
10 IDA-3106 Narda
2.4 Improper use
2.4 Improper use

The IDA-3106 is not a warning device that gives indication of the presence
of dangerous fields by means of visible or audible signals.
 Always consider the device as a measuring device, never as a warning
device.
 Always carefully observe the actual measurement value display when
approaching unknown fields.
 In case of doubt, use an additional warning device such as RadMan or
Nardalert from Narda Safety Test Solutions.
2.5 General hazards
CAUTION
Hot connector sockets
The connecting sockets can get very warm if the instrument is used
for long periods. This is normal.
 Please be careful when touching the connectors after using the
instrument for a long period of time.
Narda IDA-3106 11
2.6 Dangers due to electromagnetic fields
WARNING
Strong fields
Very strong fields can occur in the vicinity of some radiation sources
 Be aware of and observe any safety barriers and markings.
 In particular, persons fitted with electronic implants (e.g. pacemakers)
must keep away from dangerous areas.
WARNING
Unsuitable frequency range
Dangerous fields may not be detected if an unsuitable frequency
range is selected
 Always select the largest available or the most suitable frequency
range.
 Always carefully observe the actual measurement value display when
approaching unknown fields.
 In case of doubt, use an additional wideband warning device such as
RadMan or Nardalert from Narda Safety Test Solutions.
WARNING
Electric shock
High voltages may occur within the device.
 Do not bring the measuring device or the antenna into contact with any
electrically conductive items.
 Do not open the device. (Opening the device will void any claim under
warranty.)
 Do not handle or use a device that is opened or that is visibly
damaged.
 Only use the accessories supplied with and designed for the IDA-3106.
12 IDA-3106 Narda
2.6 Dangers due to electromagnetic fields
NOTICE
Malfunction
Improper use, damage, and unauthorized repairs can impair the
accuracy and function of the device
 Only use the device under the conditions and for the purpose for which
it was constructed.
 Regularly check the device for signs of damage.
 Only allow qualified persons to make repairs.
Metallic stickers on the antenna can lead to measurement errors,

specifically to an underestimation of the electromagnetic field
strength.
 Do not apply metallic stickers to the antenna handle or the antennas.
Metallic stickers in the area above the display can cause malfunction
of the GPS receiver.
 Only apply stickers of any kind to the back or sides of the device.
Narda IDA-3106 13
2.7 AC adapter / charger
WARNING
Electric shock
Parts carrying dangerous voltages may be exposed and cause injury
through electric shock if the AC adapter / charger is damaged.
 Do not use an AC adapter / charger that is damaged.
NOTICE
Destruction of the AC adapter / charger
The AC adapter / charger can be destroyed by an incorrect AC line
voltage, condensation, temperatures that are too high or too low,
and insufficient ventilation.
 Make sure that the AC line voltage is the same as the operating voltage
of the AC adapter / charger before you connect it up.
 Do not use the AC adapter charger if condensation has formed on it. If
condensation is unavoidable, e.g. when the AC adapter charger is cold
and is brought into a warm room, it must be allowed to dry out before
you connect it up.
 Only use the AC adapter / charger indoors and at temperatures
between 0 °C and +40 °C.
14 IDA-3106 Narda
2.8 Rechargeable batteries

The IDA-3106 is fitted with a replaceable rechargeable Lithium-ion battery
so that you can use it independently of AC line power. The device also has
an internal NiMH buffer battery which will power the device for 10 seconds
so you can replace the rechargeable battery during operation (hot swap).
You cannot access this buffer battery.
2.8.1 Storage
CAUTION
Unsuitable environmental conditions
Excessive temperatures and humidity can lead to a short circuit
which can result in a fire, which may cause injury or destroy the
battery pack.
 Make sure that the storage conditions are within the following limits:
– Temperature: -10 °C to +50 °C
– Air humidity: 0% to 80%
 Check regularly to ensure that the storage temperature and humidity
are within the prescribed limits.
 Do not leave discharged batteries in the instrument for an extended
period of time.
 Do not store the batteries for more than 6 months without recharging
them in the meantime.
 Do not store the batteries together with any other metallic objects.
 Long-term storage can reduce the battery capacity and shorten
battery life. The casing can also be damaged internally by leaking
electrolyte.
Narda IDA-3106 15
2.8.2 Handling
 Observe the following instructions for correct and safe handling of the
battery pack.
CAUTION
Mechanical stresses
Incorrect handling and unsuitable mechanical stresses can lead to
explosion, fire, or chemical leakages, which may cause injury or
destroy the battery pack.
 Do not open, crush, or dismantle the battery pack.
 Do not drop the battery pack from a great height.
 Do not attempt to solder anything on to the battery pack.
2.8.3 Fire hazards
CAUTION
Ignition of battery pack
The battery pack may catch fire if it is not used correctly. This may
result in injury and will damage the battery pack.
 Do not expose the batteries to high temperatures for an extended
period of time.
 If the anode or cathode of the battery comes into contact with another
metal, heat may be generated and the electrolyte may leak. The
electrolyte is flammable. The battery must be removed immediately
from proximity to fire if electrolyte leakage occurs.
 If a fire occurs, only use a Type D (dry powder) extinguisher to
extinguish the fire. Make sure that you are upwind of the fire before
attempting to extinguish it to prevent inhaling poisonous vapors.
 Irritation of the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract can occur due to smoke
or vapors from a burning battery (see next section).
16 IDA-3106 Narda
2.8.4 Chemical hazards
CAUTION
Leakage of dangerous substances
Dangerous substances cannot leak from the battery pack during
normal use, so there is no danger of contact with toxic materials.
Leakage can only occur due to mechanical damage to the casing. If
there is a chemical leak, please note the following information:
 Gases released by a fire or by mechanical damage can cause
breathing difficulties. Ventilate the area immediately or go outside into
the fresh air. In case of emergency, seek medical attention.
 The chemicals may cause irritation if they come into contact with your
skin. If this happens, wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and
water.
 Your eyes may also be irritated. If this happens, wash your eyes
thoroughly with water and seek medical attention.
 Wipe up any spilled electrolyte with an absorbent cloth, making sure
that you protect your skin, eyes and respiratory tract from contact with
the electrolyte.
2.8.5 Charging and discharging
CAUTION
Incorrect charging and discharging
Incorrectly charging or discharging the batteries can cause
explosion, fire, or leakage of chemical materials. This may result in
injury or in destruction of the battery pack.
 Only charge the batteries in accordance with the instructions in this
manual using the specified charger unit.
 The charging temperature must be between 0 °C and +40 °C.
 Only discharge the battery between -20 °C and +60 °C.
Narda IDA-3106 17
2.8.6 Disposal
Under normal circumstances the battery will not cause any environmental
damage. However, because they contain dangerous chemicals, they must
be disposed of separately when they reach the end of their useful life.
The batteries are classed as dangerous waste.
It is therefore considered hazardous waste, and must be disposed of via a
recognized recycling / return system. They must never be thrown away in
the normal trash. See Proper disposal on page 18
2.9 Faults and unusual stresses

Take the device out of service and secure it against unauthorized use if it
can no longer be used safely, for example as in the following situations:
• The device is visibly damaged.
• The device does not work any more.
• The permitted limits have been exceeded due to excessive stresses in
any form.
Contact your local Sales Partner for assistance in such cases.
2.10 Proper disposal

The IDA-3106 is a high quality device that can be expected to function for a
long time. Nevertheless at some point even this device will come to the end
of its useful life. Be aware that electrical equipment must be disposed of in
the proper manner.
The IDA-3106 complies with the WEEE regulation of the European Union
(2002/96/EC) and comes within Category 9 (Monitoring and control
instruments).
As manufacturers of the device, we will ensure that the device is disposed of
in the proper manner if you return it to us. There is no charge for this service.
You can obtain more information from your local Narda Sales Partner or
from www.narda-sts.com.
18 IDA-3106 Narda
3 Connecting Up and Starting
to Use the Device
This chapter describes field and laboratory use of the IDA-3106, as well as
the general concept of the device.
3.1 Unpacking the device (page 20)

3.2 Device overview (page 21)
3.3 Power supply (page 25)
3.4 Fitting the Narda directional antennas (page 28)
3.5 Attaching other Narda antennas (page 29)
3.6 Using cables and antennas from other manufacturers (page 32)
3.7 Using the carrying strap (page 35)
Narda IDA-3106 19
3 Connecting Up and Starting to Use the Device
3.1 Unpacking the device
3.1.1 Packaging
The packaging is designed to be re-used as long as it has not been
damaged during previous shipping. Please keep the original packaging and
use it again whenever the device is shipped.
3.1.2 Package contents

The package contents are listed on the delivery note. Please check that you
have received all the items listed. Contact your supplier if anything is
missing.
3.1.3 Checking the device for shipping damage

After unpacking, check the device and all accessories for any damage that
may have occurred during shipping. Damage may have occurred if the
packaging itself has been clearly damaged. Do not attempt to use a device
that has been damaged.
3.1.4 Recovery after shipping and storage

Condensation can form on a device that has been stored or shipped at a low
temperature when it is brought into a warmer environment. To prevent
damage, wait until all condensation on the surface of the device has
evaporated. The device is not ready for use until it has reached a
temperature that is within the guaranteed operating range of -10 to +50 °C.
20 IDA-3106 Narda
3.2 Device overview
3.2 Device overview
3.2.1 Case contents

12 13
1
11 10
4 5 6 7 8 9
No. Element No. Element
1 Operating manual, 8 Antenna 2

software CD
2 IDA Basic Unit 9 Charger dock (accessory)
3 Spare battery (accessory) 10 AC adapter charger(s)
4 Antenna 1 11 Antenna handle
5 Arm support, headphones, 12 Antenna 3
carrying strap, USB cable
6 Antenna adapter 13 Loop antenna
(accessory, 3100/15) (accessory, 3100/14)
7 Spare battery (accessory)
In the unit: Not shown:
• microSD memory card • Memory-Card Reader, microSD / USB
Narda IDA-3106 21
3.2.2 Display and control panels

3 4 5
1
6
10
9 8 7
No. Element Function / Explanation
1 LCD panel Screened, high-resolution liquid crystal display.

2 GPS receiver GPS receiver antenna area.
Do not attach any metallic stickers to this area.
3 Vertical Context-dependent, operating mode and function selection,
softkeys changing settings.
4 Microphone For recording voice comments.
5 Loudspeaker For output of demodulated signal content and the audible
signal search tone.
6 Keypad and Navigation, changing settings, entering values, confirming
rotary control or cancelling entries.
7 Status display • LED green: device is ready for use.
• LED flashes green every 3 s: Device is in standby mode
• LED red: device is initializing or device error.
8 Charge • LED red: Battery is charging.
indicator • LED green: Charging cycle finished or AC adapter /
charger still connected to device charging socket.
9 On/Off key Switches device on or off (hold down key).
10 Horizontal Context-dependent, function selection, changing settings.
softkeys
22 IDA-3106 Narda
3.2 Device overview
3.2.3 Device side panel with antenna / cable

connectors
1 2
1 Multi-pin connector 12-pole socket for connecting the control cable (for
automatic recognition of antenna and cable when
using a Narda antenna or Narda cable).
2 N connector Antenna connecting socket
3.2.4 Device side panel with battery compartment
1 Battery Holds the rechargeable batteries.

compartment
with lid and fixing
screw
Narda IDA-3106 23
3.2.5 Device side panel with external connectors
1 2 3 4 5
1 Earphone socket For connecting an earphone for listening to saved

voice comments.
2 Optical connector For connecting optical cables for on-site device
communications
3 USB, Mini-B type For connection to a computer (PC).
4 Charging socket For connecting the AC adapter / charger supplied
5 Card slot Slot for microSD memory card
6 Ethernet For connecting to a local area network
(IDA 2, 3106/02 and later). Data transfer is not
indicated visually.
24 IDA-3106 Narda
3.3 Power supply
3.3 Power supply

The power supply is normally taken from the rechargeable battery pack
provided. It is also possible to use the AC adapter / charger supplied with
the device as a power source.
3.3.1 Operation from battery pack

A fully charged battery pack is sufficient for about 3 hours of operation (with
GPS and display backlight). This operating time can be increased
significantly by using the energy saving options (Power Save) such as
automatic backlight switch off (Backlight switches off after). The battery
pack is supplied in a pre-charged state and must be fully charged before
being used for the first time.
NOTE: Only use type 3001/90.15 battery packs or the earlier type 3001/90.01. If
you are using the different types of battery pack, the device setting in the
main menu under Settings (see Changing the language, battery type, date,
and time on page 65) must be adjusted so that the device shows the
remaining capacity correctly. The part number (P/N) of the battery type in
use is printed at the lower end of the battery label. If the capacity of these
battery packs is insufficient for your needs, additional battery packs can be
obtained as accessories.
Charge indicator
The charge state of the battery pack is shown in the upper status line.
Display Meaning
The battery is fully charged.

The battery is almost discharged.
Batt. flashes The battery charge state is critical.
You should now switch the device off or connect it to the AC adapter
/ charger. If you continue to operate the device from the batteries, it
will switch off automatically after a short time. The device
configuration will however be saved before it switches off.
Charging the battery pack

A complete recharge takes about 5.5 hours.
You must use the AC adapter / charger provided or the optionally available
charging dock to recharge the battery pack.
Narda IDA-3106 25
Starting the charge cycle

 The AC line voltage must be the same as the operating voltage of the AC
adapter / charger.
1. Connect the AC adapter / charger to the charge socket of the IDA-3106.
2. Connect the AC adapter / charger to the AC line.
 The charge cycle starts.
 The Charge LED glows red during the charge cycle.
 The AC adapter / charger switches to trickle charge mode
automatically and the Charge LED glows green when the charge
cycle is completed.
3.3.2 Changing the battery pack
CAUTION
Incorrect handling of the battery pack
Incorrect handling of the battery pack can result in damage to the
battery pack or in injury.
 Do not open, crush, or dismantle the battery pack.
 Do not drop the battery pack from a great height.
 Only recharge the battery packs in the way described in this operating
manual.
 Do not expose the battery packs to very high temperatures for an
extended period of time either separately or inside the device.
 Do not leave a discharged battery pack in the device for an extended
period of time.
 Do not store the battery pack for longer than six months without
recharging it in the meantime.
 Please also observe the safety instructions for handling batteries
starting on page 15
26 IDA-3106 Narda
3.3 Power supply
Changing the battery pack

NOTE: The device also has an internal NiMH buffer battery which will power the
device for 10 seconds so you can replace the rechargeable battery during
operation (hot swap). You cannot access this buffer battery. As a part of
normal maintenance, have a Narda Service Center replace the buffer
battery every four years.
1. Undo screw (1) in the battery compartment cover.

2. Pull out the battery pack using the tab (2).
3. Hold the tab on the new battery pack and slide the battery pack into the
compartment.
4. Replace the battery compartment cover and do up the screw (finger
tight).
NOTE: Under normal circumstances the battery will not cause any environmental
damage. However, because they contain dangerous chemicals, they must
be disposed of separately when they reach the end of their useful life. The
batteries are classed as dangerous waste. It is therefore considered
hazardous waste, and must be disposed of via a recognized recycling /
return system. It must not be thrown away with normal trash (also see
Proper disposal on page 18).
3.3.3 Operation from AC adapter / charger

The IDA-3106 can also be operated and powered from the AC adapter /
charger.
However, this is not recommended for general use, as the measurement
characteristics can be significantly affected by the presence of the power
supply cable in the electromagnetic field when the IDA-3106 is operated
with the AC adapter / charger connected to it.
Narda IDA-3106 27
3.4 Fitting the Narda directional antennas

This section describes how to fit Narda directional antennas and the handle
on to the IDA-3106. Full use of all the functions of the IDA-3106 is only
possible when you use Narda directional antennas together with the handle.
3.4.1 Connecting the handle to the Basic Unit

The antenna handle has a built in cable with two connectors:
• N connector: for transmitting the RF signal.
• Multipin connector: for power supply and for transmitting the compass
data and control signals
To connect the handle:

1. Place the Basic Unit in a vertical position.
2. Plug the N connector on the handle in to the N connector of the Basic
Unit and carefully do up the coupling nut, making sure that it is not cross-
threaded.
NOTICE: Make sure that the cable does not twist when you are tightening the
coupling nut. The electrical properties of the high quality coaxial cable could
otherwise be affected by torsion forces.
NOTE: If the nut seems difficult to do up, undo it and start again.
About 4 turns are needed to make a secure connection.
3. Plug the control cable plug of the handle in to the multipin connector on
the Basic Unit, making sure that the red mark on the control cable plug is
aligned with the notch on the multipin connector.
28 IDA-3106 Narda
3.5 Attaching other Narda antennas
4. Press the control cable plug into the connector using the locking sleeve
until the plug lock clicks into place.
To unplug the connectors:

1. Undo the coupling nut on the N connector.
2. Pull the control cable plug back using the ridged top of the plug until the
lock clicks open.
3.4.2 Connecting a Narda directional antenna to the

handle
Narda directional antennas can be attached to the handle in positions that
are at angles of 90 degrees to each other. This makes it quick and easy for
you to change the polarization plane of the antenna.
 Push the antenna on to the handle until you hear the connector click into
place.
 To remove the antenna, press in the two unlocking buttons and pull off
the antenna.
NOTE: The device automatically recognizes the antenna type that is connected.
This is displayed on the screen in the section showing the general
instrument configuration. If the antenna is not recognized, the associated
antenna configuration is probably missing. The antenna configuration data
are uploaded to the instrument using the IDA Tools PC software.

You can use other antennas from Narda instead of the directional antennas,
for example if you want to make omnidirectional measurements. These
antennas can either be attached directly to the instrument or connected to it
using a Narda cable.
NOTE: Isotropic measurements with 3-axis antennas are not supported. You can
select one of the 3 axis (X, Y or Z) for the measurement.
Narda IDA-3106 29
3.5.1 Attaching the Narda antenna directly to the

Basic Unit
2. Plug the N connector on the antenna on to the N connector of the Basic
Unit.
3. Carefully do up the coupling nut on the antenna N connector, making
sure that it is not cross-threaded.
4. Plug the control cable plug of the antenna cable in to the multipin
connector on the Basic Unit, making sure that the red mark on the control
cable plug is aligned with the notch on the multipin connector.
 The Narda antenna is now connected.
The device automatically recognizes the antenna type that is connected.
instrument configuration.
30 IDA-3106 Narda
3.5.2 Connecting a Narda antenna to the Basic Unit

using a Narda cable
Connecting a Narda cable to the IDA-3106

2. Plug the N connector on the cable on to the N connector of the Basic
Unit.
3. Carefully do up the coupling nut on the cable N connector, making sure
that it is not cross-threaded.
4. Plug the control cable plug of the cable in to the multipin connector on the
Basic Unit, making sure that the red mark on the control cable plug is
aligned with the notch on the multipin connector.
 The Narda cable is now connected.
The device automatically recognizes the cable type that is connected.
instrument configuration.
Connecting a Narda cable to a Narda antenna

1. Plug the N connector on the cable on to the N connector of the antenna.
2. Carefully do up the coupling nut on the cable N connector, making sure
that it is not cross-threaded.
3. Plug the control cable plug of the antenna into the control cable socket
on the cable making sure that the red dots on both connectors are
aligned.
4. Press the antenna control cable plug into the connector using the locking
sleeve until the plug lock clicks into place.
 The Narda antenna is now connected.
The device automatically recognizes the antenna type that is
connected. This is displayed on the screen in the section showing the
general instrument configuration.
Narda IDA-3106 31
3.6 Using cables and antennas from other

manufacturers
In contrast with the use of Narda components, automatic detection of the
cable or antenna type connected does not work if you use third party
products (commercially available cables or antennas).
For this reason, the cable loss is not taken into account automatically when
other cables are used, and the results are not shown automatically in units
of field strength if other antennas are used.
NOTE: When you use other components, you will need to enter the data for the
cable and antenna in to the IDA-3106 manually using the PC software (see
description below).
Manually entering data for third party components

You first have to enter the data in the PC software IDA Tools and then
transfer them to the IDA-3106.
To enter the data:

1. Enter the data from the calibration certificate for the third party
component into the PC software (refer to the on-line help for the PC
software for information on how to do this).
2. Save the configuration you created on the PC.
3. Upload the configuration data to the IDA-3106.
4. Select the cable or antenna on the IDA-3106.
Connecting cables and antennas directly to the device

 The configuration data for the components have been uploaded and
selected.
 Connect the component(s) to the RF input of the IDA-3106.
32 IDA-3106 Narda
3.6 Using cables and antennas from other manufacturers
Connecting third party antennas to the handle

Antennas fitted with a coaxial N connector can also be used as directional
antennas with the Narda handle by means of the Antenna Adapter 3100/15.
Connecting the antenna:

 The configuration data for the antenna have been uploaded.
1. Connect the handle to the IDA-3106.
2. Connect the N connector of the third party antenna to the antenna
adapter. When you do this, make sure that the antenna is screwed on to
correspond with the polarization direction shown on the adapter (i.e.
antenna dipole position is in the direction of the arrow).
3. Connect the antenna adapter to the antenna handle.
 The device will indicate the correct polarization H or V in
Direction Finding mode.
4. Select the antenna type you are using (see Displaying and selecting
Antennas on page 75).
NOTE: The device remembers the last third party antenna that was used with the
antenna adapter and selects this automatically when it is plugged in. Check
that the correct antenna type is displayed before making measurements.
NOTICE
Unsuitable directional antennas
The antenna adapter may detach from the antenna handle if the
directional antenna weighs more than 1.5 kg.
 Only use directional antennas weighing less than 1.5 kg.
Narda IDA-3106 33
NOTICE
Rapid rotation
The antenna adapter may detach from the antenna handle when it is
rotated rapidly if the directional antenna weighs more than 1 kg or is
longer than 60 cm.
 Pan the directional antenna slowly.
 Use a tripod if necessary.
34 IDA-3106 Narda
3.7 Using the carrying strap

The strap allows effortless hands-free carrying of the IDA-3106, so that you
can use one hand for aligning the antenna and the other for operating the
measuring instrument. You can also clip the antenna handle to the strap
when you need to carry the equipment for a long distance or if you want to
use both hands to operate the instrument.
Narda IDA-3106 35
To attach and adjust the strap:

1. Attach the two strap holders to the sides of the Basic Unit.
 The basic unit can also be stored in the case with the strap holders
attached. There is no need to detach them from the basic unit.
2. Clip the carrying strap into the strap holders.

 The crossover should face the back and the adjustable straps should
face the front.
36 IDA-3106 Narda
3. Adjust the carrying strap for use using the adjustable straps. You can clip
the antenna handle to the antenna strap.
Narda IDA-3106 37
38 IDA-3106 Narda
4 Operation and
Basic Settings
This chapter describes the controls and connectors on the device.
4.1 Controls (page 40)

4.2 Switching the device on and off (page 43)
4.3 Switching standby mode on and off (page 43)
4.4 LCD screen elements (page 44)
4.5 Fundamental operating steps (page 48)
Narda IDA-3106 39
4 Operation and Basic Settings
4.1 Controls
The following controls are provided for operating the IDA-3106:
• Rotary control
• Hardware keys (referred to as keys in this manual)
• Software keys (referred to as softkeys in this manual)
• Button on the antenna handle
4.1.1 Rotary control and keys

Element Function / Explanation
Quickly sets the frequency (Fcent), selects

functions and values, navigates and zooms on
maps, moves limits and markers, etc.
Moves left or right in entry boxes, selects items

from lists, (left = down, right = up), selects
bearings, sets the demodulation volume
Confirms changed settings, selects functions,
etc.
Cancels the current operating step (changes in

values are rejected), moves back to a higher
menu level
1. From the top menu level in an operating
mode: Switches to the Main menu
2. From a sub-menu: Switches to the top menu
level of the operating mode
Freezes the display; the measurement
continues. Press again to update the display to
show the actual values again.
Saves data to the data logger
For entering numbers and the decimal point
Hold down to switch the device on / off

Press briefly to switch standby mode on / off
40 IDA-3106 Narda
4.1 Controls
4.1.2 Hotkeys
Key Function
Reduce sound volume (see Altering the volume (Volume)

on page 119).
Increase sound volume (see Altering the volume (Volume)

on page 119).
Hold down for 3 seconds to reset all device settings (see

Resetting all device settings on page 88).
Manual Dwell Time switching between audio demodulation at the

marker frequency and the spectrum measurement (see Starting
demodulation (Spectrum only) on page 118).
Magnify screen contents (see Navigating and zooming
on page 147).
Reduce size of screen contents (see Navigating and zooming

on page 147).
Move screen contents up (see Navigating and zooming

on page 147).
Move screen contents left (see Navigating and zooming

on page 147).
Move screen contents down (see Navigating and zooming

on page 147).
Move screen contents right (see Navigating and zooming

on page 147).
4.1.3 Softkeys
The softkey functions depend on the selected menu level, operating mode,
or function. The softkeys are therefore described in the menu and operating
mode descriptions.
Narda IDA-3106 41
4.1.4 Button on antenna handle

The button on the top of the antenna handle only functions in
Direction Finding mode. It has the following functions:
Manual Bearing
 Press the button briefly.
 Hold on > Hold off (toggle function).
 Press and hold down the button.
 Resets the maximum value.
Horizontal Scan
Scan Type Continuous
 Start Continuous > Stop (toggle function)
 Resets the measurement results.
Scan Type Discrete
 Start & Add Value > Add Value > Add Value > ...
 Stop > Resets the measurement results.
Scan Type Discrete with Max Hold
 Start & Reset Max > Add Value > Reset Max > Add Value > ...
 Stop > Resets the measurement results.
42 IDA-3106 Narda
4.2 Switching the device on and off
4.2 Switching the device on and off

Switching on
 Press and hold down the key for a few seconds.

 The device switches on.
You can terminate the switch on process by pressing the Quit softkey.
The device performs a self test during the boot up process. The results are
displayed on the screen.
The screen displayed after switch on depends on the setting of the Power
on function. For more information about this, see Changing the switch on
behavior on page 85
Switching off
 Press and hold down the key for a few seconds.

 The device switches off.
4.3 Switching standby mode on and off

Standby mode allows you to quickly deactivate / reactivate the display and
audio playback. The device will switch of completely after 10 minutes in
standby mode to conserve battery power.
To switch to standby mode:
 Press the key.

 The screen display and audio playback switch off. The status display
LED flashes briefly every 3 seconds.
To switch off standby mode and revert to measurement operation:
 Press the key.
Narda IDA-3106 43
4.4 LCD screen elements

1
Figure 8: LCD screen
Table 1: LCD screen elements
No Element Description
.
1 Upper status bar Indicates general parameter settings.

2 Display area Graphical or numerical display of measurement values.
3 Info bar • Shows menu path to the current function.
• Indication of corrected parameters.
• Parameter display for volume adjustment
• Event display for Auto Save
4 Lower status bar Indicates settings and process analysis; displays error messages.
5 Horizontal softkeys Displayed functions are context-sensitive.
6 Vertical softkeys Displayed functions are context-sensitive.
7 Navigator bar Selected display mode and arrow symbols for navigation
44 IDA-3106 Narda
4.4.1 The upper status bar

The upper status bar gives information about the device, the components
used, and the general settings.
Figure 9: Upper status bar
Table 2: Upper status bar elements
Element Description
Battery Power supply indicator:

Ext. Power External supply from AC adapter.
Battery fully charged.
Battery almost discharged.
Batt. Battery discharged, device powers down
(flashes) immediately and switches off.
Date, time Indicates the date and time.
GPS GPS receiver status and coordinates:
DGPS reception.
Coordinates GPS reception, coordinates are displayed
When the signal is lost, the last GPS
coordinates are used until a signal is received
again or the device is switched off.
No GPS reception.
Ant. Antenna used (displayed only if the type is automatically
recognized or has been entered manually).
Cable Cable used (displayed only if the type is automatically
recognized or has been entered manually).
MCTbl Selected multi-channel table.
TxTbl Selected transmitter table.
Narda IDA-3106 45
4.4.2 The lower status bar

The lower status bar gives information about the current measurement. The
contents of the display may vary, depending on the operating mode.
Figure 10: Lower status bar
Table 3: Lower status bar elements (example)
Element Description
Fcent Center frequency

RL Reference level (the input attenuator setting (0 – 50 dB) is
shown in brackets)
Preamp: On/Off Preamplifier in handle on / off
Fspan Displayed frequency span
RBW Resolution bandwidth
VBW Video bandwidth
Sweep Time/ Time for each measurement cycle
Time Span
Progress Progress of measurement (as a check until the first screen
display during measurements requiring a lot of processing)
No. of Runs Number of measurements
made since last measurement start
AVG Number of measurements
to form average or time to form average
46 IDA-3106 Narda
4.4.3 The navigator bar

When tables are displayed, the navigator bar shows various elements that
make navigation easier and which give you information about the current
position in the menu and the selected function.
Figure 11: Navigator bar
• The currently selected display is shown at the left hand edge.

• Arrow symbols at the right hand edge of the bar indicate further
information which can be displayed by pressing the arrow keys or by
turning the rotary control:
Symbol Meaning
Pressing the key displays further information

(e.g. in a column of the table).
Pressing the key displays further information
(e.g. in a column of the table).
Pressing the key as well as the key displays further information.
Paging up by turning the rotary control displays further information

(e.g. lines in the table).
Paging down by turning the rotary control displays further information
(e.g. lines in the table).
Paging up or down by turning the rotary control displays further
information (e.g. lines in the table).
4.4.4 Activating / deactivating status and info bars

The upper status bar, help bar and lower status bar can be individually
activated or deactivated. If you do not need the information that is displayed
in these bars, you can deactivate all of them to maximize the area of the
screen that is available to display the measurement values.
You can hide the upper and lower status bars separately from the general
screen arrangement when the Magnifier function is active in Spectrum,
Time Domain (Scope) and I⁄Q Analyzer modes. The extra item Hide at
Magnifier is provided for this purpose. For more information about this, see
Automatically hiding the status bars on page 115.
Narda IDA-3106 47
To change the screen arrangement:

 You have selected an operating mode.
1. Press the Display softkey.
2. Press the Screen Arrangement softkey.
3. Use the rotary control and softkeys to select the settings you want and
then press the OK key to implement the changes.
4.5 Fundamental operating steps

The operating steps described in this section are repeated in every menu
and function. They are therefore described only once here and knowledge
of these basic steps is assumed in all subsequent descriptions of the
operating modes.
4.5.1 Navigating in the menus

The operating modes and functions of the IDA-3106 are arranged in
hierarchical menu levels. The diagram below (see Figure 12 on page 48)
shows this arrangement using the main menu and some of the functions in
mode as examples.
To navigate in the menus:

• To move down one level: Press the appropriate Softkey.
• To move up one level: Press the ESC key.
• To return to the measurement or the main menu: Press the MENU key.
Menu
Softkey
Softkey Menu Softkey ESC

ESC ESC
Settings Evaluation
Multi-Ch. Table Distribution

Softkey Softkey
Figure 12:Examples showing how the menus and functions are arranged.
48 IDA-3106 Narda
4.5.2 Forwards / Backwards

When you are changing setting parameters, two softkeys labeled Forwards
and Backwards are provided to allow you to move forwards or backwards
through the setting parameter history within the active operating mode.
Changes in the following setting parameters will be taken into account
depending on the selected operating mode:
Mode Parameters
Direction Finding Fcent, CBW

Spectrum Fcent, Fspan, RBW
Level Meter Fcent, CBW
Time Domain (Scope) Fcent, CBW, Time Span, Time Resolution
I⁄Q Analyzer Fcent, CBW, Time Span
Multi-Channel Power Function not available
To move backwards or forwards:

 Press the Extras softkey, then press the Backwards or Forwards
softkey.
The Forwards softkey is not shown until you have pressed the
Backwards softkey at least once.
Narda IDA-3106 49
4.5.3 Selecting entries from a list

Settings are often made by selecting entries or items from a list.
Simple list
You can only select a single item from a simple list. This is demonstrated by
the selection of a reference level in the example below.
Figure 13: Example of a simple list: Set Reference Level
NOTE: Only three lines of the list are displayed so that the measurement screen is
not hidden. You can use the rotary control to page through the list.
To select an item:
1. Use the rotary control or arrow keys to highlight the desired item.
2. Press the OK key to confirm your selection.
 The new value will be set.
50 IDA-3106 Narda
Extended list
You can select more than one entry or item from an extended list. You can
select one item at a time or use the softkeys to select all the items. This is
demonstrated by the selection of channels in the example below.
Figure 14: Example of an extended list: Select menu
A selection box indicates if the option has been selected or not in an

extended list.
To select or deselect items individually using the rotary control:

1. Use the rotary control to highlight the desired item.
2. Press the Select key to select or deselect the item.
 The selection box shows the actual status.
3. Press the OK key to return to the measurement display.
To select or deselect several items at the same time:

Use the following softkeys to select or deselect all the items or a group of
items in a list.
NOTE: The softkeys that are actually available depend on the Select menu that is
opened.
 When you have selected the items you want, press the OK key to revert
to the measurement display again.
Narda IDA-3106 51
Select All
• If all the items were selected, they will all be deselected.
• If all the items were deselected, they will all be selected.
• If some items were selected and others deselected, they will all be
selected or deselected.
Invert Selection
Changes the status of every item in the list.
Select First / Select Last
You can use these softkeys to select a group of items from the list.
1. First deselect all items using the Select All softkey.
2. Use the rotary control to highlight the first item in the group that you want
to select and then press the Select First softkey.
3. Use the rotary control to highlight the last item in the group that you want
to select and then press the Select Last softkey.
4. The highlighted section is now selected.
4.5.4 Changing numerical values

You can change numerical values using the rotary control or by using the
keys.
NOTE: If you use the rotary control to change a numerical value, you cannot then
use the keys to change the value in the same setting step, or vice versa. You
must first exit the Select menu and then reopen it.
To change a value using the rotary control:

1. Open the Select menu.
2. Use the arrow keys to select the digit you want to change and
then use the rotary control to set the desired value.
3. Press the OK key to set the new value.
To change a value using the keys:

1. Open the Select menu.
2. Use the number keys and decimal point key to enter the desired value
and enter the desired units using the appropriate softkey. (You can
delete digits using the Backspace softkey.)
 The new value is set and the Select menu closes as soon as you have
entered the units.
52 IDA-3106 Narda
4.5.5 Entering text

A simple text editor opens so that you can enter alphanumeric characters
(e.g. when saving setups):
Figure 15: Text editor for entering alphanumeric characters
To enter text:
1. Use the rotary control to select a character from the character field.
(You can select a line directly using the and softkeys.)
 The selected character is marked by a circle.
2. Press the Select Character to enter the character.
3. Press the OK key when you have finished entering the characters you
want.
There are some further functions that you can use to enter text:
Softkey Function
Space Enters a space.

Deletes the last item entered (backspace).
Delete All Deletes all characters entered.

Case Switches between upper and lower case characters:
• Lower: lower case characters
• Upper: upper case characters
NOTE: You can also enter the digits 0 through 9 directly using the numerical keys.
Narda IDA-3106 53
4.5.6 Softkeys with toggle function
Softkeys for changing settings

Softkeys for changing settings indicate the function
and the current setting separated by a colon.
In this example:
• Preamp: Off – The preamplifier is deactivated.
Pressing the softkey activates the preamplifier and
the softkey will indicate Preamp: On.
• Preamp: On – The preamplifier is activated.
Pressing the softkey deactivates the preamplifier
and the softkey will indicate Preamp: Off.
Softkeys for performing actions

Action softkeys indicate the function that is performed
when the softkey is pressed.
In this example:
• Start Demodulation: Demodulation starts when
you press the softkey. The softkey then indicates
Stop Demodulation.
• Stop Demodulation: Demodulation stops when
you press the softkey. The softkey then indicates
Start Demodulation.
4.5.7 Creating a screenshot

You can download the saved screenshots in PNG format from the device
using the PC software application IDA Tools.
To create a screenshot:
2. Press the Save Screenshot softkey.
54 IDA-3106 Narda
5 The Main Menu
This chapter describes all the Main Menu with all the settings that apply to
the device itself and to the components connected to it. Furthermore you will
find here how to use the memory, to run measurement routines and to use
setups.
5.1 Menu overview (page 56)

5.2 Displaying and editing system settings (page 64)
5.3 Displaying and editing configuration data (page 75)
5.4 Saving and loading setups (page 83)
5.5 The memory menu (page 85)
5.6 The SD Card menu (page 86)
Narda IDA-3106 55
56
Level 1 Level 2 Level 1 Level 2
5.1
Settings Device Info Direction Finding See Direction Finding on page 57.
5.1.1
GPS Info Spectrum See Spectrum on page 58.
Network Level Meter See Level Meter on page 60.
Reset Settings Time Domain (Scope) See Time Domain (Scope) on page 61.
Service Menu I/Q Analyzer See I/Q Analyzer on page 62.

5 The Main Menu
Sync Time with GPS Multi-Channel Power See Multi-Channel Power on page 63.
Antenna
External Device
Main menu
Cable
Multi-Channel Table
Transmitter Table
Menu overview
Memory Data Viewer
Screenshot Viewer
displayed are shown in brackets.
Demod. Record Viewer
Time Controlled Storing
IDA-3106
Comment
SD Card Format SD Card

Setups «Mark» Power on Setup 1)
Power on Settings
Save Setup as
Recall Setup
Overwrite Setup 1)
Delete Setup 1)
Delete All Setups
Sort
This section describes the two menu levels of the Main menu and the
1) Visible when Factory is not selected.

operating modes. The conditions necessary for the indicated softkey to be
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Display Save Screenshot, Screen Arrangement, Save Setup as Fcent Rotary Knob: Immediate/Preselect/TxTbl 5.1.2
(Fcent selected, TxTbl only if Transmitter Table
Y-Scale Range, Y-Scale Ref, Y-Scale Auto selected)
Unit Step Size: Auto/Fix
Localization On/Off Set Fstep (StepSize: Fix selected)
Map Display External Bearing Display
Average Position Localization: On/Off
Marker Map
Select Map (Loc. Mode: Outdoor selected) Save External Bearing
Loc. Mode: Outdoor/Indoor BW VBW
Edit Sketch (Loc. Mode: Indoor selected) (Horizontal Scan: Off selected)
Select Transmitter Start Continuous Stop

(Horizontal Scan: On selected)
Direction Finding
Move to Point of View (Loc. Mode: Outdoor selected)

Reference Level Set Noise Threshold (Noise Thrs.: On
Auto Fit (Active) (Horizontal Scan: Off selected) selected)
Move horizontally Noise Threshold: On/Off
Move vertically + 5 dB
IDA-3106
Zoom - 5 dB
Audio Demodulation Recorder (Demodulation = On) RL Search Type: Sensitive/Safe
Volume RL Search
Demodulation Preamp: On/Off
Tone Search External Device: On/Off
(if an external device is defined)
Change Settings (Horizontal Scan: On selected)
Reset (Start Continuous and Stop selected)
Extras Select Multi-Channel Table
(Horizontal Scan: On selected)
(Horizontal Scan:
Select Channel
Off selected) Detector RMS Average Time
Backwards (setting parameters were changed)
Reset All
Forwards (Backwards selected once)
Reset Max
Select Transmitter Table
Scan Type
Add Transmitter
Horizontal Scan On/Off
57
5.1 Menu overview
Go to: ...
58
Display Save Screenshot, Screen Arrangement, Spectrogram Marker Display

Save Setup as (Spectrogram or
Spectrogram & Spectrum Marker Settings 5.1.3
Y-Scale Range, Y-Scale Ref, Y-Scale Auto selected) Delta Marker
Unit
Navigation: Frequency/Time
Measurement Spectrum
Active Marker: A/B
5 The Main Menu
Delta Spectrum
Extras
Spectrogram
Highest Peak, Next Peak, Peak Left, Peak Right
Spectrogram & Spectrum
Spectrum
Peak Up, Peak Down

Peak Table (Navigation: Time selected)
(with Spectrum only)
Detector
Single-Channel Power
Marker to Center
(with Spectrum only)
Audio Demodulation Recorder
Set Trace as Ref.
(Demodulation On,
(with Spectrum and Delta Spectrum only) Start/Stop Demodulation
Spectrum or Delta
Time Resolution Spectrum selected) Extras
(Spectrogram and Spectrogram & Spectrum only)
Volume
Marker/ Display
IDA-3106
Spectrum Marker Demodulation
Marker Settings
BFO (Demodulation LSB or USB selected)
Marker: Single/Delta B-A
Squelch
Keep Marker: On/Off (Demodulation selected - except FM)
Active Marker: A/B Demod. Bandwidth
Extras Dwell Time
Highest Peak, Next Peak, Peak Left, Peak Right Extras Select Multi-Channel Table
Active Trace Select Channel
Marker to Center Backwards (setting parameters were changed)
Go to: ...
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Level 1 Level 2
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Select Channel
Backwards (setting parameters were changed)
Go to: ...
Fcent/Fstart Set Fstart & Fstop/Set Fcent & Fspan
Rotary Knob: Immediate/Preselect/TxTbl

selected)
Step Size: Auto/Fix (Fcent selected)
Fspan/Fstop Full Span
Set Fstart & Fstop/Set Fcent & Fspan
BW VBW
Set T-RMS
Reference Level + 5 dB
IDA-3106
- 5 dB
RL Search Type: Sensitive/Safe
RL Search
Preamp: On/Off
Trace Set as Reference
Average Type: No. of Avg/Average Time
No. of Avg (Average Type: No. of Avg selected)
Average Time (Average Type: Average Time selected)
Select, Select All, Invert Selection,

Reset All, Reset Min & Max
59
5.1 Menu overview
60
5.1.4
Display Save Screenshot, Screen Arrangement, Save Setup as Fcent Rotary Knob: Immediate/Preselect/TxTbl
5 The Main Menu

Y-Scale Range, Y-Scale Ref, Y-Scale Auto selected)
Audio Volume Step Size: Auto/Fix (Fcent selected)
Level Meter
Demodulation BW VBW
Extras Select Multi-Channel Table Reference Level Set Noise Threshold (Noise Thrsh.: On
Select Channel selected)
Backwards (setting parameters were changed) Noise Threshold: On/Off
Forwards (Backwards selected once) + 5 dB
Select Transmitter Table - 5 dB
Add Transmitter RL Search Type: Sensitive/Safe
IDA-3106
Go to: ... RL Search
Preamp: On/Off
External Device: On/Off

Detector RMS Average Time
Reset All
Reset Max
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5.1.5
Display Save Screenshot, Screen Arrangement, Save Setup as Fcent Rotary Knob: Immediate/Preselect/TxTbl
(Fcent selected, TxTbl only if Transmitter
Y-Scale Range, Y-Scale Ref, Y-Scale Auto Table selected)
Measurement High Resolution Scope Set Fstep (Step Size: Fix selected)
Long-Time Scope Time Span Mode: s/hh:mm:ss
Duty Cycle Time Resolution (for Long-Time Scope)
Marker Display BW VBW
Marker Settings Reference Level + 5 dB
Marker: Single/Delta B-A - 5 dB
Time Domain (Scope)
Keep Marker: On/Off RL Search Type: Sensitive/Safe

Active Marker: A/B
IDA-3106
RL Search
Highest Peak, Next Peak, Peak Left, Peak Right Preamp: On/Off
Active Detector (Long-Time Scope selected) External Device: On/Off
Extras Select Multi-Channel Table (if an external device is defined)
Select Channel Detector Select

(Long-Time Scope
Backwards (setting parameters were changed) Select All
selected)
Forwards (Backwards selected once) Invert Selection
Select Transmitter Table Trigger Menu Display
Go to: ... Measurement
Marker
Trigger Mode
61
5.1 Menu overview
62
5.1.6
Display Save Screenshot

5 The Main Menu
Fcent Rotary Knob: Immediate/Preselect/TxTbl

(Fcent selected, TxTbl only if Transmitter
FFT Points, FFT Overlap, Goto Trigger Time Table selected)
Screen Arrangement, Save Setup as Step Size: Auto/Fix
Y-Scale Range, Y-Scale Ref, Y-Scale Auto Set Fstep (Step Size: Fix selected)
Unit
I/Q Analyzer
Time Span Mode: s/hh:mm:ss

Marker Display BW/BW (Fspan) VBW
Marker Settings Reference Level + 5 dB
Delta Marker - 5 dB
Navigation: Time/Frequency RL Search Type: Sensitive/Safe
Active Marker: A/B RL Search
Highest Peak, Next Peak, Peak Left, Peak Right
IDA-3106
Preamp: On/Off
Active Detector (Long-Time Scope selected) External Device: On/Off
View View: I/Q/Magnitude/Sgram Full/Sgram Zoom/ (if an external device is defined)
Persistence
Trigger Menu Display
Marker
Select Channel
View: I/Q/Magnitude/Sgram Full/Sgram
Backwards (setting parameters were changed) Zoom/Persistence
Forwards (Backwards selected once) Trigger Mode
Add Transmitter
Go to: ...
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5.1.7
Display Save Screenshot Select Menu Select

Screen Arrangement Select All
Views Invert Selection
Save Setup as Select First
Table: Detailed/Condensed Select Last
Y-Scale Range, Y-Scale Ref, Y-Scale BW
Auto (Bar Graph selected)
Reference Level Set Noise Threshold (Noise Thrsh.: On selected)
Unit
Noise Threshold: On/Off
Sort
+ 5 dB
Evaluation Distribution
Multi-Channel Power
(Table selected) - 5 dB
RL Search Type: Sensitive/Safe
IDA-3106
Marker Marker: Single/Delta B-A
(Bar Graph selected) RL Search
Keep Marker: On/Off
Active Marker: A/B Preamp: On/Off
Extras External Device: On/Off

Highest Value, Next Value, Value
Left , Value Right Trace Average Type: No. of Avg/Average Time
Active Trace No. of Avg (Average Type: No. of Avg selected)
Extras Select Multi-Channel Table Average Time (Average Type: Average Time selected)
Select Transmitter Table Select, Select All, Invert Selection,

Reset All, Reset Min & Max
Go to: ...
Others: On/Off
63
5.1 Menu overview
5 The Main Menu
5.2 Displaying and editing system settings

Main Menu • Settings
Important general device settings are made in the Settings menu
Figure 16: Settings menu
All device specific settings can be edited immediately by selecting an entry

from the list using the rotary control. All other settings (e.g. antennas,
cables, etc.) can be reached by means of the softkeys on the right side. This
menu allows you to perform the following actions:
• Changing the language, battery type, date, and time (page 65)
• Editing device-specific settings (page 66)
• Displaying device information (page 68)
• Displaying GPS information (page 71)
• Changing network settings (page 71)
• Resetting all device settings (page 72)
• Performing device diagnosis (page 73)
• Calibrating the internal compass (page 74)
• Displaying and selecting Antennas (page 75)
• Using external devices (page 76)
• Displaying and selecting cables (page 77)
• Displaying and creating Multi-Channel Tables (page 77)
• Creating and editing Transmitter Tables (page 80)
64 IDA-3106 Narda
5.2.1 Changing the language, battery type, date, and

time
Table 4: Descriptions of language, battery type, date and time
Item Description and available options
Language User interface language

Battery Type Battery type used:
• 3001/90.01 (3001_90_01)
• 3001/90.15 (3001_90_15)
Note: The remaining battery capacity is only shown
correctly if the right battery type is selected.
Date Format Date format:
• yy.mm.dd (year.month.day)
• yy-mm-dd (year-month-day)
• mm/dd/yy (month/day/year)
• dd.mm.yy (day.month.year)
Date Date
Time Format Time format:
• 12 h (12-hour clock)
• 24 h (24-hour clock)
Time Time (hour:minute:second)
Time Zone Time zone
Daylight Saving Time Summer / winter time change:
• Off (Standard / winter time)
• On (Summer time)
To change the settings:

1. Use the rotary control to highlight the item and select it by pressing OK.
2. Use the rotary control to change the setting and press OK to confirm the
change or press ESC to cancel the changes.
Use the arrow keys to move the cursor by one digit.
3. Press ESC to return to the Main menu.
To synchronize the clock to the GPS clock:

 Press the Sync Time with GPS softkey.
 The time is synchronized to the GPS clock.
Narda IDA-3106 65
5 The Main Menu
5.2.2 Editing device-specific settings

Table 5: Description of device-specific settings
GPS Format GPS data display format:

• DegDec (-)ddd.ddddd
• MinDec (-)ddd°mm.mmm
• DMS deg°mm’ss” N(S,E,W)
Unit of Length Length units: meters, feet
Magnetic Entry of magnetic declination at the measurement location for
Declination correcting the compass display. You can find the declination
values for any location at (e.g.):
http://www.magnetic-declination.com
Remote Interface Interface used for remote control:
• Optical
• USB
Also see Connecting the device to a PC on page 228
Volume Audio volume from the built-in loudspeaker or headphones
(stepwise setting).
You can also alter the volume using the arrow keys
when Demodulation is activated.
Color Scheme Display color scheme
• Default (display with light background)
• Night
• High-Contrast
Brightness LCD screen brightness
In 5% steps from 1% to 100%
Power Save Power save mode, backlight switches off automatically:
(Backlight • In steps from 1 min. to 30 min
switches off • Never (on permanently)
after):
66 IDA-3106 Narda
Table 5: Description of device-specific settings(cont.)
RL Search on Search for reference level when a setup is recalled:

Setup • On
Recall • Off
RL Search Type Reference level search type:
• Sensitive: The reference level is selected so that no
saturation occurs in a normal environment.
• Safe: The reference level is selected so that no saturation
occurs even in an environment with extremely variable signal
strengths (multi-frequency environment).
Beep on new Beep when new maximum is detected in the operation modes
Maximum Multi-Channel Power and Level Meter:
• Yes
• No
To change the settings:

1. Use the rotary control to highlight the item and select it by pressing OK.
2. Use the rotary control to change the setting and press OK to confirm the
change or press ESC to cancel the changes.
3. Press ESC to return to the Main menu.
Narda IDA-3106 67
5 The Main Menu
5.2.3 Displaying device information

Main Menu • Settings • Device Info
 Press the Device Info softkey.
 A list of the device information is displayed.
Table 6: Description of Device Info list
Information Description
Device Model Device model name

Production ID Production number
Serial Number Device serial number
ID number Unique device identification number
Firmware version Device software version
Firmware Date Device software date
Bootloader Version Bootloader software version
Calibration Date Date of last calibration
Next Recommended Calibration Date recommended for next calibration
Options
Mapping Map option status
(activated / deactivated)
Scope and I⁄Q Analyzer "Time Domain (Scope)" and "I⁄Q Analyzer"
option activation status (Activated /
Deactivated)
Time Domain (Scope) "Time Domain (Scope)" activation status
(Activated / Deactivated)
I⁄Q Analyzer "I⁄Q Analyzer" activation status (Activated /
Deactivated)
68 IDA-3106 Narda
Displaying connected antenna information

NOTE: Information about the connected antenna is only displayed when you use a
Narda antenna. The information for the manually selected antenna type is
displayed when other antennas are used.
 Press the Antenna Info softkey.
 The antenna information is displayed as a list. The information
displayed depends on the antenna being used.
Table 7: Description of Antenna Info list for Narda directional antennas
Long Name Antenna description

Release Date Antenna version release date
Table 8: Description of Antenna Info list
Long Name Antenna description

Serial Number Antenna serial number
Displaying antenna handle information

 Press the Antenna Handle Info softkey.
 The antenna handle information is displayed as a list.
Table 9: Description of Antenna Handle Info list
Long Name Antenna handle description

Serial Number Antenna handle serial number
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5 The Main Menu
Displaying connected external device information

You can find information about the External Device function under Using
external devices on page 76.
 Press the External Device Info softkey.
 The information is displayed as a list.
Table 10: Description of External Device Info list
Long Name External device description

Serial Number External device serial number
Displaying connected cable information

NOTE: Information about the connected cable is only displayed when you use a
Narda cable.
 Press the Cable Info softkey.
 The cable information is displayed as a list.
Table 11: Description of Cable Info list
Long Name Cable description

Serial Number Cable serial number
70 IDA-3106 Narda
5.2.4 Displaying GPS information

 Press the GPS Info softkey.
 A list of the GPS information is displayed.
Table 12: Description of GPS Info list
Detected GPS Chipset Indicates the chipset used

Satellites in Use Number of satellites received
GPS Quality Indicator • NO = no GPS reception
• GPS = standard GPS
• DGPS = differential GPS with better accuracy than
GPS
Latitude Latitude of actual position
Longitude Longitude of actual position
Altitude Altitude of actual position
UTC Time Universal Time Coordinate
5.2.5 Changing network settings

 Press the Network softkey.
 The network settings are displayed.
Table 13: Description of Network list
DHCP Automatic setting of IP addresses and parameters

IP Address Device Internet protocol address
Subnet Mask Network mask in static Ethernet mode
Default Gateway Default gateway in static Ethernet mode
TCP Port Transmission control protocol in static Ethernet mode
Host Name Unique device identification for the network (cannot be
edited)
Mac Address Unique network interface designation (cannot be
edited)
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5 The Main Menu
To save the network settings:

 Network settings have been changed.
 Press the Save Settings softkey.
5.2.6 Resetting all device settings

Main Menu • Settings • Service Menu
Main Menu • Settings • Network
Main Menu • Setups
All menus
It can be useful to reset the device settings when you have used it for a long
time or it has been used by other persons. The reset can be performed in
different ways and affects the device settings differently. The following
contents are not altered:
• Stored data logger content (measurement results)
• Configuration files (antennas, cables, tables, etc.)
• microSD card contents
Resetting the system settings

All the system settings (i.e. those shown in the Settings menu) are reset to
their factory defaults. The following are not reset, however: Language,
Battery Type, Time Zone, Daylight Saving Time, Magnetic Declination and
Color Scheme.
To reset the system settings:

 The Main Menu • Settings menu is open.
 Press the Reset Settings softkey.
Resetting the measurement settings

All the measurement settings (i.e. the parameters used in the operating
modes) are reset to their factory defaults. The system settings are not reset.
To reset the measurement settings:

 The Main Menu • Setups menu is open.
1. Select Factory Setup using the rotary control.
2. Press the OK key.
72 IDA-3106 Narda
Resetting all device settings

You can reset the system settings (except those mentioned under Resetting
the system settings) and the measurement settings with this function. This
function is available in all menus.
To reset all device settings:

 Any menu is open.
1. Press and hold down the ESC key for 3 seconds.
– or –
 The Main Menu • Settings • Service Menu is open.
1. Press the Factory Settings softkey.
5.2.7 Performing device diagnosis

This menu allows you to test the function of the LCD monitor, display certain
instrument data and reset the instrument to the factory settings.
 Press the Service Menu softkey.
 The Service Menu is displayed.
To check the display:

 Press the Display Test softkey.
 The basic colors red, blue and green are displayed in turn.
The test stops after three cycles.
 Press the ESC key to end the test immediately.
To display the device diagnostics:

 Press the Device Diag softkey.
 A list of some basic data is displayed.
NOTE: The displayed data is intended primarily for servicing purposes.
Table 14: Description of Device Diagnostics list
Mainboard Temperature Temperature of main circuit board

RF-Board Temperature Temperature of RF circuit board
RF-Board Hardware Version RF board hardware version
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5 The Main Menu
Table 14: Description of Device Diagnostics list
Battery Voltage Actual battery voltage

Battery Capacity Remaining battery capacity
Buffer Battery Voltage Internal system battery voltage
Free Memory Free memory space in megabytes, absolute
Free Memory in Percent Free memory space in percent, relative
Device Calibration OK Indicates if a valid device calibration has been made
Operating Hours Counter Number of hours of operation so far
GPS module detected Indicates that the internal GPS module is working
properly.
Detected GPS Chipset Indicates the GPS chipset used
5.2.8 Calibrating the internal compass

This function is used to calibrate the compass built in to the IDA Basic Unit.
This compass is only used for orientation and aligning the maps displayed
on the instrument. The calibration routine reduces any distortion of the
earth’s magnetic field due to ferrous metals inside the instrument.
Calibration is only needed if there is a significant difference between the
indicated and actual North pole. Calibration must be performed outdoors
and away from any metallic objects.
To calibrate the compass:

1. Press the Calibrate Int. Compass softkey.
 Instructions for calibration are displayed on the screen.
2. Follow the instructions for calibration.
74 IDA-3106 Narda
5.3 Displaying and editing configuration data

The Settings menu includes the following functions in addition to the system
settings:
• Displaying and selecting Antennas
• Displaying and selecting External Devices (page 76)
• Displaying and selecting cables (page 77)
• Displaying, selecting and creating Multi-Channel Tables (page 77)
• Displaying, selecting and creating Transmitter Tables (page 80)
5.3.1 Displaying and selecting Antennas

1. Press the Antenna softkey.
 The available antennas are listed with their characteristic data.
The detected antenna type will be displayed when you use a Narda
antenna.
2. Use the rotary control or arrow keys to highlight the desired item.
3. Press the OK key to confirm your selection.
Table 15: Description of Antennas list
Item Description
Short Name Short name (in the display)

Fmin Lower limit frequency
Fmax Upper limit frequency
Property Field type (E-field, H-field)
Rel. Date Antenna version release date
(for Narda directional antennas)
Calibration Date Calibration date
(for other antennas)
NOTE: If the antenna is not recognized, the associated antenna configuration is

probably missing. The antenna configuration data are uploaded to the
instrument using the IDA Tools PC software.
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5 The Main Menu
5.3.2 Using external devices

You can use the External Device function to select and control devices
connected in series to the RF input such as attenuators or filters. Both
switchable and non-switchable external components can be used.
Selecting a device:
1. Press the External Device softkey.
 A list of the available devices is displayed.
Table 16: Description of External Device list
Short Name Short name for the external device

Fmin On, Fmax On 1) Lower / upper limit frequency in the on state.
Fmin Off, Fmax Off 1) Lower / upper limit frequency in the off state.
These parameters are only shown for switchable devices.
Cal. Date External device calibration date
1) The Fmin, Fmax parameters are entered using the IDA Tools PC software.
2. Select the desired device and press the OK key.

 Selecting the device activates it. ExtDev: On is shown in the lower
status bar.
Switchable devices can be switched on or off via the measuring instrument.
To switch external devices on or off:

 You are using a switchable device.
1. Press the Reference Level softkey in the desired operating mode.
2. Press the External Device softkey (vertical bar at the bottom).
 The softkey shows On or Off. ExtDev: On or Off is shown in the
lower status bar.
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5.3.3 Displaying and selecting cables

 Press the Cable softkey.
 The available cables are listed with their characteristic data.
The automatically detected cable type will be displayed when you use
a Narda cable.
Table 17: Description of Cables list
Item Description

Cal. Date Date of last calibration
To select a cable:
 Use the rotary control to select an item and press OK to confirm.
5.3.4 Displaying and creating Multi-Channel Tables

Multi-channel tables are used to define a specific number of channels and
to recall these defined channels when needed using the table name.
NOTE: Multi-channel tables can be opened, displayed, and created using the
Extras softkey in any operating mode.
To display the available multi-channel tables:

 Press the Multi-Ch. Table softkey.
 A list of the available multi-channel tables is displayed.
Table 18: Description of Multi-Channel Tables list
Item Description
Short Name Short name of the multi-channel table (shown on the

screen)
Long Name Full name of the multi-channel table (shown in the Select
menu)
To select a multi-channel table:

 Select an item in the list using the rotary control and press OK to confirm.
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5 The Main Menu
Displaying channels of a multi-channel table

Main Menu • Settings • Multi-Channel Table
 Press the View Multi-Ch. Table softkey.
 The channels included in the table are listed.
Table 19: Description of Multi-Channel Table... list
Channel Channel name

RBW Resolution bandwidth
Creating a new multi-channel table

Main Menu • Settings • Multi-Channel Table
You can create a new multi-channel table using this menu.
NOTE: The facilities for creating multi-channel tables in the IDA-3106 are limited.
You cannot manually enter individual channels or change the channel
names. Tables are much easier to create using the IDA-Tools PC software.
Tables created using it can be uploaded to the IDA-3106 afterwards.
To create a new multi-channel table:

1. Press the Create Multi-Ch. Table softkey and enter the desired values.
2. Press the Save Table softkey when you have entered all the values.
3. Enter a name for the multi-channel table and save it.
Tip: Enter the name "Default" to automatically load this table each time you
reset the device settings.
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The example below shows the parameters for the GSM-900 service. The
corresponding entries in the multi-channel table are found in column 3 of
Table 20 (the example values are shown in bold type).
Example: GSM-900
Downlink: 935.2 – 960 MHz
Channel number: 1 – 124
Channel width: 200 kHz
–> without gap
–> all channels have the same width
Table 20: Description of Create Multi-Channel Table list
Item Description Entries for the

example GSM-900P
First Channel Center frequency of first channel 935.3

Center Frequency (center frequency of
935.2 – 935.4 MHz
First Channel Number First channel number 1
Channel Step Width Channel spacing referred to the 200 kHz
center frequency
Channel Bandwidth Channel bandwidth 200 kHz
Number of channels Number of channels 124
Preferred RBW Preferred resolution bandwidth 50 kHz
(200 kHz/4)
Editing channels of a multi-channel table

Channels in an existing multi-channel table can only be edited using the PC
software.
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5 The Main Menu
5.3.5 Creating and editing Transmitter Tables

Transmitter tables are mainly used in Direction Finding mode to simplify
the search for several interference transmitters. You only need to select the
transmitter from the list to eliminate the need to make manual settings for
the frequency and RBW.
When you have selected a Transmitter Table, all the transmitters defined in
it will be highlighted in color in the spectrum to make them easy to see. If you
set the Marker to this section, the transmitter name will be shown
automatically in the Marker bar (HitRadio Antenne 1 in the example).
Figure 17: Example showing the use of a Transmitter Table.
Displaying and selecting Transmitter Tables

1. Press the Transmitter Table softkey.
 A list of the available transmitter tables is displayed.
Table 21: Description of Transmitter Tables list
Item Description

Long Name Name (in the selection menu)
2. Use the rotary control to select an item and press OK to confirm the
selection.
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Creating a new transmitter table

Main Menu • Settings • Transmitter Table
You must first create an empty table and then fill it up in order to create a
new transmitter table. Each transmitter in a transmitter table must be
defined separately by its center frequency and channel bandwidth, in
contrast with multi-channel tables. However, the separate frequency bands
in a Transmitter Table can also overlap.
Tip: The transmitter frequencies can be entered much more easily using the
marker in Spectrum mode. You can find information about this under
Adding individual frequencies to a Transmitter Table on page 82.
To create a new transmitter table:

1. Press the Create Transmitter Table softkey.
2. Enter a name and press OK to save it.
3. Select the new table using the rotary control and press the Edit
Transmitter Table softkey.
4. Press the Add Transmitter softkey to add a new transmitter, and make
the necessary settings using the available softkeys:
– Transmitter Name: Edit the transmitter name
– Fcent: Enter the center frequency
– CBW: Enter the channel bandwidth
– Antenna Polarization: Select the polarization (optional information)
– Directional Antenna: Select the antenna (optional information)
– Add Transmitter: Add a further transmitter
– Delete Transmitter: Delete the selected transmitter
– Sort: Sort the transmitters according to their names or center
frequencies
5. Press the ESC key to exit from the table.
Displaying and editing items in a transmitter table

1. Select a table using the rotary control and press the
Edit Transmitter Table softkey.
 The existing transmitters are shown as a list.
2. Press the ESC key to exit the menu without making any changes.
3. To edit the transmitters: Use the softkeys as described under Creating a
new transmitter table on page 81.
4. Press the ESC key to exit from the table.
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5 The Main Menu
Deleting transmitter tables

You can delete transmitter tables separately or all together.
To delete all the transmitter tables:

 Press the Delete All Transmitter Tables softkey and press OK to
confirm.
To delete individual transmitter tables:

1. Select a table using the rotary control.
2. Press the Delete Transmitter Table softkey and press OK to confirm.
Adding individual frequencies to a Transmitter Table

Spectrum
You can easily add individual transmitter frequencies to a Transmitter Table
in Spectrum mode.
To add individual transmitter frequencies to a Transmitter Table

 Spectrum mode is open.
1. Press the Marker softkey, then use the rotary control to select the
desired frequency.
2. Press the Extras softkey.
If you have not already done so, you can select the desired Transmitter
Table now.
3. Press the Add Transmitter softkey.
4. Where necessary, adjust the center frequency and channel bandwidth
using the Fcent and CBW softkeys.
5. Press the Save softkey to add the frequency to the Transmitter Table.
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5.4 Saving and loading setups
Selecting frequencies from a Transmitter Table

If you have selected and activated a Transmitter Table, you can use it in any
operating mode except Multi-Channel Power to quickly and easily switch the
center frequency Fcent and the CBW or Fspan. You can find more
information about setting the center frequency under Setting the center
frequency (Fcent) on page 89.
5.4 Saving and loading setups

You can use this menu to save all the settings as a setup or recall and load
setups that you have saved previously.
NOTE: Setups can only be created on the device itself. They cannot be created on
a PC. When you save a setup, the actual measurement settings for all
operating modes are always saved as well.
5.4.1 Saving settings as a setup

1. Make the desired settings on the device.
2. Switch to the Main Menu • Setups menu and press the Save Setup
softkey.
 The entry box opens.
NOTE: You can also save a setup directly from an operating mode. This function is
found in the Display menu of the operating mode.
3. Enter a suitable name and press OK to confirm your entry.
 The settings are saved as a new setup and displayed in the overview
bar.
5.4.2 Loading settings from a setup

 Use the rotary control to highlight the desired setup and press the
Recall Setup softkey or the OK key.
 The settings saved in the selected setup will be loaded and the
display switches to the measurement screen.
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5 The Main Menu
5.4.3 Editing the setup list

You can edit the setup list as well as save and recall setups.
Sorting the setup list

1. Press the Sort softkey.
2. Select sort by Name or Mode (operating mode) and press OK.
 The list will be resorted according to the selected criterion.
Overwriting a setup
1. Use the rotary control to highlight the setup to be overwritten and press
the Overwrite Setup softkey.
2. Confirm the action by pressing OK. (You can cancel the action by
pressing ESC.)
 The settings in the existing setup will be overwritten with the actual
device settings.
5.4.4 Deleting setups

Setups can be deleted from the PC software as well as from the Main menu.
Deleting a setup
1. Use the rotary control to highlight the setup to be deleted and press the
Delete Setup softkey.
2. Confirm the action by pressing OK.
You can cancel the action by pressing ESC.
 The selected setup is deleted.
Deleting all setups

1. Press the Delete All Setups softkey.
2. Confirm the action by pressing OK.
You can cancel the action by pressing ESC.
 All setups except the Factory Setup are deleted.
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5.5 The memory menu
5.4.5 Changing the switch on behavior

You can specify the measurement settings to be used by the device when it
starts up after being switched on:
• Factory Setup: The default factory setup (state as supplied) is used.
• Last Settings: The settings in use at the time the device was last
switched off will be used (default after reset).
• Power On Setup: The setup marked in the Setups menu as the
Power on Setup will be used.
To select the settings:

1. Press the Power on Settings softkey.
 The selection window opens.
2. Mark the desired function using the rotary control and press OK to
confirm.
To select a setup as the Power on Setup:

 Mark the desired setup in the list using the rotary control and then press
the Mark Power on Setup softkey.
 The selected setup is marked in the list (‹‹...››) and will be loaded the
next time you switch on the instrument.
5.5 The memory menu

Main Menu • Memory
The following functions are contained in the Memory menu:
• Display data sets (Data Viewer)
• Display saved screenshots (Screenshot Viewer)
• Output of recorded demodulated signal content (Demod. Record Viewer)
• Set comment function
• Save data to microSD memory card in csv format
• Configure automatic storage (Time Controlled)
 You can find detailed information about all these functions in chapter 13
Measurement Data Memory on page 213.
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5 The Main Menu
5.6 The SD Card menu
5.6.1 Formatting the memory card

The card provided with the instrument is already correctly formatted and
includes pre-installed coarse resolution OSM maps.
NOTICE: Please note that this data and any other data stored on the card will be lost
if you format the card by mistake.
Use the formatting function to prepare newly purchased microSD memory
cards for use with the IDA-3106. The card is formatted using FAT32 with a
block size of 4k.
To format a memory card:

1. Push the memory card into the card slot on the left side of the instrument
and press the SD Card softkey.
2. Press the Format SD Card softkey.
 A warning message is displayed, indicating that all data on the
memory card will be erased.
3. Press the OK button to start formatting.
This takes only a few seconds (quick format).

• TS8GUSDC6 Transcend 8 GB, cl 6, µSDHC
• SDSDQ-8192 SanDisk 8 GB, cl 4, µSDHC
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6 Common Functions
This chapter describes the functions that are common to more than one
operating mode. These functions are then indicated in the descriptions of
the individual operating modes by a cross reference to the relevant section
of this chapter.
6.1 Notes on this chapter (page 88)

6.2 Resetting all device settings (page 88)
6.3 Setting the center frequency (Fcent) (page 89)
6.4 Setting the bandwidth (RBW / CBW) (page 92)
6.5 Setting the video bandwidth (VBW) (page 94)
6.6 Setting the reference level (Reference Level) (page 95)
6.7 Selecting the trace type (Trace) (page 99)
6.8 Changing the displayed units (Unit) (page 101)
6.9 Adjusting the Y axis (Y-Scale) (page 103)
6.10 The Marker function (page 104)
6.11 Using the Magnifier function (page 112)
6.12 Using Multi-Channel Tables (page 115)
6.13 Demodulating signals (Audio) (page 116)
6.14 Setting the noise threshold (Noise Thresh.) (page 121)
6.15 Measuring with multiple axis antennas (Axis) (page 122)
6.16 Changing the operating mode (page 123)
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6 Common Functions
6.1 Notes on this chapter

The menu paths shown in gray immediately below the section heading
indicate the operating modes and sub-menus where the function described
can be found.
Screenshots, where used, only serve to illustrate the function. As a rule, the
settings described apply in the same way in the other operating modes
although the display on the screen may not be the same as the screenshot
used in this manual.
6.2 Resetting all device settings

It can be useful to reset the device settings when you have used it for a long
time or it has been used by other persons.
To reset all device settings:

 Any menu is open.
1. Press and hold down the ESC key for 3 seconds.
This resets both the system settings and the measurement settings. The
following are not reset:
• Stored data logger content (measurement results)
• Configuration files (antennas, cables, tables, etc.)
• microSD card contents
• The system settings for: Language, Battery Type, Time Zone, Daylight
Saving Time, Magnetic Declination.
You can reset the system settings (Settings) and measurement settings
(Factory Setup) separately. You can find information about this under
Resetting all device settings on page 72.
88 IDA-3106 Narda
6.3 Setting the center frequency (Fcent)

Direction Finding
Spectrum
Level Meter
Time Domain (Scope)
I⁄Q Analyzer
You can set the center frequency (Fcent) using the number keys or the
rotary control, or by selecting it from a table (Transmitter Table or Multi-
Channel Table).
6.3.1 Setting the center frequency using the number

keys
To change the center frequency using the number keys:
 The Fcent softkey is displayed.
1. Enter the frequency using the number keys. You do not need to press
the Fcent softkey first.
 The Fcent window opens and the center frequency you entered is
displayed.
2. Press the kHz, MHz, or GHz softkey to select the units and complete the
setting.
 The window closes and the change is applied immediately.
6.3.2 Setting the center frequency using the rotary

control
To change the center frequency using the rotary control:
 The Fcent softkey is displayed and the Marker function is disabled.
 The default setting for the rotary control, Rotary Knob: Immediate is
selected.
 Turn the rotary control to the right / left to increase / decrease the center
frequency.
 The change is applied immediately.
 The Fcent window closes 3 seconds after you stop turning the rotary
control.
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6 Common Functions
You can change the step size for changing Fcent using the Step Size
setting. The acceleration function also increases the step size when the
rotary control is turned rapidly.
Table 22: Description of Step Size softkey
Softkey Description
Step Size: Auto A suitable value for the step size is selected automatically
(default) depending on the actual settings of Fspan or CBW.
Step Size: Fix You can set the step size using the Set Fstep parameter
To set the step size:

1. Press the Fcent softkey.
 The Step Size softkey is displayed.
2. Press the Step Size softkey until Fix appears.
 The Set Fstep softkey is displayed.
3. Press the Set Fstep softkey and select the step size using the rotary
control or enter it using the number keys.
4. Press OK to apply the value.
NOTE: You can change individual digits in the center frequency value when the
entry window is open by using the arrow keys to select the digit you
want to change and then using the rotary control to set the desired value.
Press the OK key to set the new value.
90 IDA-3106 Narda
Changing the rotary control function

You can set the following functions for the rotary control:
Table 23: Description of Rotary Knob softkey
Softkey Description
Rotary Knob: The center frequency is set directly by turning the rotary
Immediate (default) control.
Rotary Knob: The Fcent softkey must be pressed first before you can
Preselect change the center frequency using the rotary control and
set it by pressing the OK key.
This setting is recommended to prevent changing the
center frequency by mistake.
Rotary Knob: TxTbl This setting is only displayed if a Transmitter Table has been
selected (see Creating and editing Transmitter Tables
on page 80). After you press the Fcent softkey, use the
rotary control to highlight a transmitter in the table and
press OK to select it.
To change the rotary control function:

1. Press the Fcent softkey.
2. Press the Rotary Knob softkey and select the desired function.
6.3.3 Setting Fspan and Fstart / Fstop (Spectrum only)

Spectrum
NOTE: A frequency range must always be set for Spectrum operating mode. This
is set by default by the center frequency and the frequency span. You can
also set the frequency range by defining the start and stop frequencies.
To change the frequency range setting:

1. Press the Set Fstart & Fstop or Set Fcent & Fspan softkey until the
desired setting method is displayed.
 The labels on the Fstart / Fstop and Fcent / Fspan softkeys also
change to match the selected setting method.
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6 Common Functions
2. Press the Fstart, Fstop, Fspan or Fcent softkeys and enter the desired
values.
 You can enter the frequency values using the rotary control or using
the keypad. The frequency values are set in the same way as the
center frequency. Information on how to enter numerical values is
also found under Changing numerical values on page 52.
3. Press OK to apply the value.
When you select the Fspan, Fstart, or Fstop softkeys the Full Span
softkey is displayed. Press this softkey to set the frequency range to the
maximum width.
NOTE: You can adjust the step size setting for Fstart / Fstop when the entry window
is open by using the arrow keys to select the digit you want to change
and then using the rotary control to set the desired value. Press the OK
key to set the new value.
6.4 Setting the bandwidth (RBW / CBW)

Direction Finding
Spectrum
Level Meter
Time Domain (Scope)
I⁄Q Analyzer
Multi-Channel Power
The resolution bandwidth (RBW) or channel bandwidth (CBW) allow you to
select a narrow frequency range with the desired bandwidth from a
wideband spectrum and to suppress the remaining signal components.
92 IDA-3106 Narda
6.4 Setting the bandwidth (RBW / CBW)
To set the resolution bandwidth or channel bandwidth:

1. Press the BW softkey.
2. Use the rotary control to select the desired value and press the OK key.
 The selected value is applied.
Background information:
Gaussian filters are used to display differing signal spectrums. The
desired frequency range is set using Fcent / Fspan or Fstart / Fstop and
then swept at a relatively small RBW (e.g. Fspan/500) in order to capture
the actual spectral form of the signal selectively. Gaussian filters are
particularly suitable for such rapid and dynamic actions. Bandwidths from
10 Hz up to 20 MHz are available. The Gaussian filters are used in Multi
Channel Power mode to generate steep cutoff filters of any width. This is
done by overlapping the appropriate number of Gaussian filters.
Channel filters are used to measure the overall power of a signal. The
analyzer is tuned with Fcent to the fixed center frequency of the signal.
After this, CBW is adjusted as closely as possible to the signal
bandwidth. Bandwidths from 100 Hz up to 32 MHz are available.
Mode BW Filter type
Spectrum RBW Gaussian

Multi-Channel Power RBW Gaussian
Direction Finding CBW Steep channel filter
Level Meter CBW Steep channel filter
Time Domain (Scope) CBW Steep channel filter
I⁄Q Analyzer CBW Steep channel filter
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6 Common Functions
6.5 Setting the video bandwidth (VBW)

Direction Finding
Spectrum
Level Meter
Time Domain (Scope)
I⁄Q Analyzer
The video filter can smooth signals and reduce flutuations. It results in RMS
averaging with an integration time that is affected by the VBW. The selection
of the video filter bandwidth (VBW) is relative to the RBW / CBW setting:
• Spectrum mode: VBW = RBW/10 … RBW/1000 or Off
• Other operating modes: VBW = CBW/1 … CBW/10000 or Off
To set the video bandwidth:

1. Press the BW softkey, followed by the VBW softkey.
 The Select Video Bandwidth (VBW) entry box opens.
2. Use the rotary control to select the desired setting and press the OK key.
 The selected value is applied. The selected VBW is shown in the
lower status bar.
NOTE: The smaller the VBW, the longer the measurement time (Sweep Time) in
Spectrum mode. The measurement time in other operating modes is
unaffected.
The effective integration time for forming the RMS value can be defined as
follows:
T = 1 / ( × VBW) or T  0.32 / VBW
Setting the integration time T-RMS directly

You can set the desired integration time directly on the device in Spectrum
mode. The integration time T-RMS is selected and set instead of the VBW.
The trace label on the measurement screen changes from Actual (Act) to
RMS when you do this.
To set the integration time T-RMS directly:

1. Press the BW softkey, followed by the Set T-RMS softkey.
 The VBW softkey label changes to T-RMS.
2. Press the T-RMS softkey.
 The Select RMS Integration Time (T-RMS) entry box opens.
94 IDA-3106 Narda
6.6 Setting the reference level (Reference Level)
3. Use the rotary control to select the desired setting and press the OK key.
 The selected value is applied. The selected T-RMS is shown in the
lower status bar.
6.6 Setting the reference level

(Reference Level)
All operating modes
Background information:
The sensitivity of the system depends on the input attenuator setting.
This setting is determined by the Reference Level (RL) parameter. High
measurement sensitivity avoids falsification of the results due to noise
generated internally by the device. On the other hand, it is important that
the device is not overloaded (saturated). Saturation can also be caused
by signals outside the frequency band, e.g. high power radio transmitters
when measuring mobile telephone signals.
The reference level setting always covers exactly 50 dB and is coupled to
the setting of the input attenuator (Attenuator, Atten). The input attenuator
can be matched ideally to the measurement signal by means of its fine
adjustment in steps of 1 dB. At the highest reference level setting,
Atten = 50 dB; at the most sensitive reference level, Atten = 0 dB. The
actual value of the input attenuator setting is shown in brackets after the
reference level.
It is possible to decouple the reference level and the input attenuator
indirectly using the Y-Scale Ref parameter in the Display menu.
To set the reference level:

 Press the Reference Level softkey.
You can now select the reference level as follows:

• Manual reference level selection
• Automatic reference level search (RL Search)
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6 Common Functions
6.6.1 Manual reference level selection

Manual adjustment is recommended if the field situation is known or if
pulsed signals are being measured.
1. Press the Reference Level softkey.
 The Set Reference Level selection box opens displaying a list of
possible input sensitivities.
Figure 18: Set Reference Level selection box
2. Use the rotary control to select the desired input sensitivity.

 The input sensitivity is set.
You can use the two upper softkeys to check for over modulation and to rapidly
change the values in 5 dB steps. The softkeys are only activated if the change
is possible in the selected direction. The Y scale is fixed as soon as you make
a change using the ±5 dB softkeys so that changes in level are easier to see.
As well as controlling overload, the ±5 dB offset can also be used to
distinguish an actual measurement signal from an intrinsic spurious signal
(Spurious). Regardless of the Reference Level setting, the measurement
signal will display the same level value until compression occurs from
overloading. In contrast, the displayed value of an intrinsic spurious signal
will change each time the Reference Level is changed (RL +5 dB 
displayed value increases by +5 dB as well).
NOTE: The selected reference level applies to all operating modes and does not
have to be set again if you change operating mode.
96 IDA-3106 Narda
6.6 Setting the reference level (Reference Level)
6.6.2 Automatic reference level search (RL Search)

This softkey initiates a search for a suitable reference level. This is
recommended if the field situation is unknown.
 Press the RL Search softkey.
 The message: Searching for best reference level. Please wait. is
displayed. A measurement over the entire frequency range covered
by the antenna you are using is made in the background. This takes
several seconds. When it is completed, the device sets the reference
level to the optimum value automatically and reverts to normal
measurement mode.
NOTE: Press the ESC key if you want to cancel the process.
RL Search Type
The IDA-3106 provides two types of reference level search which can be
selected using the RL Search Type softkey (toggle function):
• Sensitive: This type is suitable for all largely static signals.
• Safe: This type allows for a higher overload reserve. It is better to set the
reference level manually if pulsed signals are being measured.
To select the search type:

 Press the RL Search Type softkey.
 The switch toggles between the two types each time the softkey is
pressed.
6.6.3 Measurements with preamplifier

You can activate a 20 dB preamplifier in the antenna handle when making
measurements using Narda directional antennas in order to detect very
small signals. The reference level correction is automatically taken into
account.
To activate / deactivate the preamplifier:

 A Narda directional antenna is connected.
1. Press the Reference Level softkey, then press the Preamp: softkey.
 The softkey indicates the staus of the preamplifier.
2. Press ESC to return to the measurement menu.
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6 Common Functions
6.6.4 Measurement input overload

If the signal level is higher than the range that can be measured, the warning
message OVERDRIVEN is shown in the display (in the part above the lower
status line, next to the axis setting).
 In this case, you should increase the Reference Level (RL) and disable
the preamplifier if necessary.
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6.7 Selecting the trace type (Trace)
6.7 Selecting the trace type (Trace)

Spectrum • Trace
Multi-Channel Power • Trace
The trace type determines how the recorded values are displayed by the
trace arithmetic. The following trace types can be selected / deselected (you
can select more than one at the same time):
Table 24: Types listed in the Trace box
Type Abbr Function / Explanation

ev.
Actual/RMS Act/ Clears the previous trace and writes the current trace after
RMS each new sweep (also called CLEAR / WRITE). RMS is
always displayed if the integration time T-RMS is activated
(see VBW) and in Multi-Channel Power mode.
Maximum Max The trace displays the maximum value from the current
Hold measurement and all previous traces (also called MAX
HOLD).
Average Avg The trace displays the rolling average RMS value. Averaging is
done over the last 4 to 256 traces or over a time period between
1 and 30 minutes (settable).
Minimum Min The trace displays the minimum value from the current
Hold measurement and all previous traces (also called MIN
HOLD).
Reference Ref Trace memory for determining a difference spectrum
(Spectrum and Delta Spectrum only).
For all the above trace types: If a frequency range is compressed into the
width of a single pixel the display will be in the form of a vertical line between
the minimum and maximum levels in the range.
To select or deselect a trace type:

1. Press the Trace softkey.
2. Use the rotary control and the softkeys to make the desired selection.
You can find information on how to select items from a list under
Selecting entries from a list on page 50
3. When you have made your selection, press the OK key.
Tip: It is recommended to just select the trace type Act if fast fluctuating signals
shall be displayed. In this case the display is refreshed with a particular high
rate.
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6.7.1 Average formation (Trace type: Average)

An average can be formed over a specific number of measurements or over
a period of time.
Taking the average of a number of measurements:

 Trace type Average is selected (the actions described below can
nevertheless be carried out even if this trace type is not selected).
2. Press the Average Type softkey until No. of Avg is shown.
3. Press the No. of Avg softkey, then use the rotary control to select the
desired number of measurements, and then press the OK key.
 The measurements start. The AVG line shows the selected number
of measurement values and a bar graph next to this shows the
progress towards the formation of the first average value.
Taking the average over a period of time:

 Trace type Average is selected (the actions described below can
nevertheless be carried out even if this trace type is not selected).
2. Press the Average Type softkey until Average Time is shown.
3. Press the Average Time softkey, then use the rotary control to select the
desired time period, and then press the OK key.
 The measurements start. The AVG line shows the selected time
period numerically and a bar graph next to this shows the progress
towards the formation of the first average value.
6.7.2 Reset measurement values

You can reset the values for Max, Avg, and Min:
• Reset All: Resets all the above-mentioned measurement

values.
• Reset Min & Max: Resets the Minimum Hold (Min) and
Maximum Hold (Max) measurement values only.
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6.8 Changing the displayed units (Unit)
6.8 Changing the displayed units (Unit)

The frequency range that can be set is determined by the selected units
when IDA antennas are used. Measurements are only possible within the
specified frequency range of the antenna if units of field strength or power
density are selected (see Table 26). This is because no antenna factors are
available outside this range for calculating the field strength or power
density.
You can set the frequency range to any range you like if units of power
level or voltage level are selected (see Table 25). However, the
functionality of the antennas is no longer guaranteed or is severely limited
outside the specified frequency range.
Available units
The following power and voltage units are always available:
Table 25: Selectable units
Units Description
dBm Power level, referred to 1 mW

dBV Voltage level, referred to 1 V
dBmV Voltage level, referred to 1 mV
dBµV Voltage level, referred to 1 µV
The following power or field strength units are additionally available when an
antenna is connected or selected:
Table 26: Units that can be selected additionally (with antenna)
Units Measured Description

quantity
dBV/m Electric field Expressed as a log. value referred to 1 V/m.

strength
dBmV/m Electric field Expressed as a log. value referred to 1 mV/m.
strength
dBµV/m Electric field Expressed as a log. value referred to 1 µV/m.
strength
dBA/m Magnetic field Expressed as a log. value referred to 1 A/m.
strength
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6 Common Functions
Table 26: Units that can be selected additionally (with antenna)
Units Measured Description

quantity
V/m Electric field Converted using the characteristic impedance of a

strength vacuum Z0 = 377  unless measured directly.
A/m Magnetic field
strength
W/m2 Power density Calculated using the characteristic impedance of
a vacuum Z0 = 377 
mW/cm2 Power density
NOTE: It is best to use units of field strength (e.g. dBµV/m) so that the level values
can be compared even if different antennas are used. Avoid changing the
measurement units unnecessarily. Since conversion between Table 25 and
Table 26 is not possible, you must use the same units selected for a
localization from start to finish.
To change the units:

 The top menu level of the operating mode is displayed.
1. Press the Display softkey, them press the Unit softkey.
2. Use the rotary control to highlight the desired unit and press the OK key.
 The selected unit is saved.
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6.9 Adjusting the Y axis (Y-Scale)
6.9 Adjusting the Y axis (Y-Scale)

All operating modes • Display
There are two ways of adjusting the Y axis:
• Manual adjustment of Y axis scaling and reference point
• Automatic adjustment of Y axis
Adjusting the Y axis manually

You can change the scaling as well as the reference point of the Y axis
(Y-Scale Ref). Changes you make are applied immediately. Y-Scale Ref is
always set relateively to the reference level (RL). By shifting the reference
point, the reference level and input attenuator are effectively uncoupled from
each other. Usually (recommended) the reference point should not be
shifted (RL +0 dB).
To change the Y axis scaling:

1. Press the Y-Scale Range softkey.
2. Use the rotary control to highlight the desired value.
 The change is applied to the display immediately.
3. Press the OK key or the ESC key.
To change the Y axis reference point:

1. Press the Y-Scale Ref softkey.
 The change is applied to the display immediately.
3. Press the OK key or the ESC key.
To fix the Y axis:

The Y axis changes automatically if you switch the preamplifier in the
antenna handle (0 dB / 20 dB). You can fix the Y axis to prevent this from
happening, so you can more easily compare the signal shape with and
without pre amplification.
1. Press the Y-Scale Ref softkey.
2. Press the Y-Scale Ref fix softkey until On is shown.
 The Y axis is fixed.
3. Press OK or ESC to exit from the menu.
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6 Common Functions
Adjusting the Y axis automatically

 Press the Y-Scale Auto softkey.
 The Y axis is adjusted automatically.
In this case, the scaling (Y-Scale Range) is set to 100 dB and the reference
point (Y-Scale Ref) is the same as the reference level (RL +0 dB). Fixing of
the Y axis is reset when you do this.
6.10 The Marker function

Spectrum • Marker
Time Domain (Scope) • Marker
I⁄Q Analyzer • Marker
Multi-Channel Power • Marker
The Marker function is very useful for marking and comparing specific
individual frequencies in the display. The following types of marker function
can be selected:
• Two independent markers.
• Individual display of each marker or display of the difference between the
markers.
• Automatic location of peak values
• Automatic peak tracking (can be disabled)
• Rotary control with acceleration function
NOTE: The marker is not restricted by the pixel resolution of the screen, so it always
provides the full measurement data resolution of approximately RBW/2.
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6.10.1 The Marker menu

 Press the Marker softkey.
3 4
10 9 8 7 6
Figure 19: Marker menu (display with one marker)
No. Function / Explanation
1 Graphical display of the measurement value at the marker position.

2 Marker bar with marker information:
• Marker A: Marker A is active
• Channel: Selected channel.
(If a transmitter table is selected, the transmitter names will be shown here.)
• Freq: Frequency at the marker position
• Max. Pk: Selected trace type/detector and measured value
3 Graphical display of the marker position (for trace type Max in the example).
4 Marker functions for peak value selection (see Table 27 on page 107).
5 Specifies on which trace the marker is to be used
6 Sets Fcent to the position of the active marker. Parameter that depend on Fcent like Fspan
and RBW are automatically adapted.
7 Active marker (Marker A is active in the example).
8 Selects whether the marker is shown even after you exit the Marker menu.
9 Display type: Single marker or difference marker
10 You can set the marker evaluation properties under Marker Settings.
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6 Common Functions
Marker Settings
 Press the Marker Settings softkey.
Figure 20: Marker Settings (display with one marker)
1 Peak Threshold: Specifies a threshold for evaluating the peaks

2 Peak Excursion: Specifies a minimum peak excursion for evaluating the
peaks
3 Peak Tracking: Activates / deactivates peak tracking or highest level tracked
Changing the marker evaluation settings

 You can find information about setting a threshold or a minimum peak
excursion or peak tracking value under Changing the marker evaluation
settings (Marker Settings) on page 111.
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6.10.2 Using the markers separately

You can set and display the two markers A and B independently using the
Marker: Single marker function.
To use the markers separately:

 You have selected the necessary trace types (see Selecting the trace
type (Trace) on page 99).
 The Marker sub-menu is active.
1. Press the Marker softkey until Marker: Single is shown.
2. Press the Active Marker softkey to select marker A or B.
3. Select a trace type / detector: Press the Active Trace softkey, select an
entry with the rotary control and then press the OK key.
You can now use the available functions separately for markers A and B:
Table 27: Marker functions for selecting peak values
Selection Function
Rotary control Moves the marker to the desired position manually.

Highest Peak softkey Places the marker on the highest peak value.
Softkey Next Peak Places the marker on the next higher peak value.
Peak Left softkey Places the marker on the next peak value to the left of
the previous position.
Peak Right softkey Places the marker on the next peak value to the right
of the previous position.
NOTE: An algorithm that covers all the existing measurement values contained in
the spectrum is used for peak markers. Peak values are indicated by “Pk”
after the trace type / detector (e.g.: Max Pk: 105.8 mV/m). If the marker is
not on a peak value, “Val” is shown after the trace type / detector (e.g.: Max
Val: 105.8 mV/m). Another special feature of the peak marker is that the
frequency is tracked and follows the peak value (Peak Tracking: On).
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6 Common Functions
6.10.3 Using both markers to determine a difference

The difference between the markers can be determined using Delta B-A.
3
Figure 21: Display with both markers
1 Graphical display of the measurement values at the marker positions.

2 Marker information:
• Marker...: Marker A is active (black lettering), Display of difference B-A
• Channel: Selected channels.
(If a transmitter table is selected, the transmitter names will be shown here.)
• Freq: Frequencies at the marker positions, frequency difference fB - fA
• Max. Pk: Selected trace types / detectors and measured values
• B/A: ratio of measured values
– The ratio B/A is given in % for Unit = V/m, A/m, W/m2, mW/cm2
– The difference B-A is given in dB for log. units such as dBµV or dBV/m
3 Graphical display of the marker positions.
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To use the Delta function:

1. Press the Marker softkey until Marker: Delta B-A is shown.
2. Press the Active Marker softkey to select marker A.
3. Press the Active Trace softkey to select a trace type / detector for
Marker A.
4. Move Marker A to the desired position (either manually or using the Peak
functions).
5. Press the Active Marker softkey to select marker B.
6. Select a trace type / detector for Marker B.
The difference determined depends on the trace type / detector selected for
Marker A and Marker B:
• Same trace type / detector for Marker A and Marker B:
The difference between the measured values of one trace type/detector
at two different frequencies is determined.
• Different trace types / detectors for Marker A and Marker B:
The difference in the measured values between the two trace types /
detectors at one frequency is determined.
7. Move Marker B to the desired position (either manually or using the Peak
functions).
 The selected frequencies and the corresponding measured values
along with the difference are displayed in the upper status bar.
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6.10.4 Displaying the marker data on the measurement

screen
If you activate the Marker function, the frequency and measured value
corresponding to the active marker are displayed in the upper status bar
instead of the GPS data.
Figure 22: Display of marker data in the upper status bar.
To activate the display function:

1. Press the Keep Marker softkey until Keep Marker: On is shown.
2. Press the ESC to return to the measurement screen.
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6.10.5 Changing the marker evaluation settings (Marker

Settings)
Marker • Marker Settings
The peak marker evaluation functions can be set using the Marker Settings
softkey.
Setting a threshold (Peak Threshold)

Peak Threshold allows you to set a threshold within the range RL+20 dB to
RL-120 dB. This ensures that only values above the noise floor are recorded
for the evaluation. Values below the threshold are ignored. You can evaluate
up to 50 peaks.
To select a threshold value:

1. Press the Peak Thrsh. softkey until On appears.
 The function is activated.
2. Press the Set Threshold softkey.
 A table showing the threshold value appears; this value is also shown
at the same time as a horizontal line on the measurement screen.
3. Select a value with the rotary control, and press OK to make the setting.
Setting a minimum signal peak excursion

(Peak Excursion)
Whereas Peak Threshold sets a threshold that the peak values for an
evaluation must exceed, Peak Excursion defines how far the peak
excursion has to be for the signal to be included as a peak in the list (setting
range 0 – 20 dB)
To select a Peak Excursion value:

1. Press the Peak Excursion softkey until On appears.
 The function is activated.
2. Press the Set Excursion softkey, select a value with the rotary control,
and press OK to make the setting.
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6 Common Functions
Tracking the peak values (Peak Tracking)

The Peak Tracking function allows you to track a traveling peak value that
you previously determined using a Peak softkey (e.g. Highest Peak). The
marker cannot track frequency jumps or rapidly changing peak values. In
contrast, the marker is always set to the highest peak when you select the
Highest setting, so it can track any jump. This function is only available in
Spectrum, Time Domain (Scope) and I⁄Q Analyzer modes and is
activated (On) by default.
To activate and deactivate Peak Tracking:

 Press the Peak Tracking softkey in the Marker menu.
 The softkey shows On, Highest, or Off.
6.11 Using the Magnifier function

Spectrum• Marker • Display
Time Domain (Scope)• Marker • Display
I/Q Analyzer • View: Magnitude • Marker • Display
I⁄Q Analyzer • View: I/Q • Marker • Display
The Magnifier function allows you to display a magnified view of the area
around the current marker position in a separate window (split screen). This
two stage selectable enlargement acts like a graphical magnifier, so that no
new measurement is started and no parameters are changed. The active
marker is shown in the center of the X axis of the enlarged area.
One of the great advantages of the IDA is its very high frequency and time
resolution. Using the Magnifier function, you can display and analyze both
the entire spectrum and a section of it at full resolution. This allows you to
display a magnified view of the area around the current marker position in a
separate window (split screen). This two stage selectable enlargement acts
like a graphical magnifier, so that no new measurement is started and no
parameters are changed. The active marker is shown in the center of the X
axis of the enlarged area. You can set a maximum magnification of 50 times
in the frequency domain or 500 times in the time domain.
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6.11 Using the Magnifier function
6.11.1 Activating the Magnifier function

1. Press the Marker softkey.
 The last marker function used (Marker A, Marker B, Delta B-A) is
displayed.
2. Set the active marker to the desired frequency and press the Display
softkey.
3. Press the Magnifier softkey until Magnifier: On appears.
 The enlarged range and the measurement range are shown in
separate windows one above the other on the screen.
4. Press the Magnification: Low/High softkey to set the desired
magnification.
Figure 23: Split screen display for Magnifier function
1 Magnifier window
2 Marker shown in Magnifier window at center of X axis
3 Overview window (Spectrum, Time Domain (Scope), I⁄Q Analyzer)
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6 Common Functions
Changing the Magnifier scale

The scale of magnification can be set in two steps with the Magnification
softkey.
The following table shows the relationship between the operating mode,
measurement function and magnification factor.
Table 28: Relationship between operating mode, measurement function and
magnification factor.
Mode Measurement Magnification:

function
Low High
Spectrum Spectrum 10 times 50 times

(Fspan/10) (Fspan/50)
Delta Spectrum
Time Domain Long-Time 10 times 50 times
(Scope) Scope (Time Span/10) (Time Span/50)
High Resolution 25 times 500 times
Scope (Time Span/25) (Time Span/500)
I⁄Q Analyzer I/Q 25 times 500 times
(Time Span/25) (Time Span/500)
Magnitude
Notes on using the Magnifier function:

• All the marker functions are retained in the Magnifier function.
• When you change the marker position (in the lower window), the X axis in
the Magnifier window is redrawn to correspond.
• When you use the Peak marker in Spectrum mode, the X axis is not
adjusted until the active Peak marker goes above or below a threshold of
±1/4 of the current Magnifier span. This avoids continuous jumping of the
display.
• The Keep Marker function also keeps the Magnifier settings in the main
view when you exit the Marker menu.
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6.12 Using Multi-Channel Tables
6.11.2 Automatically hiding the status bars

You can hide the upper and lower status bars to allow more space for the
split screen display. You can link the hide function to activation of the
Magnifier function so that you do not have to hide the status bars manually
every time you switch to the split screen display.
To hide the status bars automatically:

 The Marker • Display menu is active.
The Magnifier function is activated (Magnifier: On)
1. Press the Screen Arrangement softkey.
 The Set Screen Arrangement fold-out window opens.
2. Use the rotary control and softkeys to highlight the item Hide at
Magnifier under Upper status bar or under Lower status Bar and
press the OK key.
 The selected display is adjusted accordingly.
6.12 Using Multi-Channel Tables

All operating modes • Extras
1. Press the Select Multi-Ch. Table softkey.
 A list of the available multi-channel tables is displayed.
selection.
NOTE: Information about creating a multi-channel table is found under Displaying
and creating Multi-Channel Tables on page 77.
Selecting a channel
NOTE: You can find information about selecting channels in Multi-Channel Power
mode under Showing and hiding channels on page 207.
1. If necessary, change the multi-channel table using the Select Multi-Ch.
Table softkey.
2. Press the Select Channel softkey.
 A list of the available channels is displayed.
selection.
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6.13 Demodulating signals (Audio)

Direction Finding • Audio
Spectrum • Audio
Level Meter • Audio
The Audio function is used to demodulate analog modulated signals in the
device so that you can listen to them using the built in loudspeaker or
headphones. You can also record and save the demodulated signal with the
Demodulation Recorder.
6.13.1 Demodulation types (Demodulation)

Spectrum • Audio
The following demodulation types are available:
• FM: frequency modulation
• AM: amplitude modulation
• CW: Continuous wave
• LSB: lower side band
• USB: upper side band
The types displayed in the selection window depend on the selected
resolution bandwidth RBW / CBW:
• FM, AM, CW: up to 200 kHz max.
• LSB, USB: up to 16 kHz max.
CW demodulation is used to demodulate clocked carrier signals (Morse
signals) and generates a 1 kHz sinewave when the carrier signal is active.
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Demodulating the LSB / USB (BFO)

The additional BFO function (beat frequency oscillator) is available when
demodulating single sideband modulated signals (LSB/USB). The BFO can
be used to offset the center frequency (Fcent) by ±20 Hz to correct
frequency shifts for demodulating carrierless signal bands.
To activate BFO:
 You must have selected either LSB or USB.
1. Press the Audio softkey, then press the BFO softkey.
2. Set the desired value using the rotary control.
 Changes are applied immediately, so you can optimize the setting by
monitoring the audio output.
 Level Meter and Direction Finding:
The Fcent display changes from black to red to indicate that the
center frequency has been offset by the BFO frequency.
3. Press OK or ESC to close the setting window.
6.13.2 Starting demodulation (Direction Finding and

Level Meter only)
To start demodulation in Direction Finding and Level Meter modes:

1. Select a suitable channel bandwidth.
2. Press the Audio softkey, then press the Demodulation softkey.
 The possible demodulation types are shown in the selection window
depending on the selected channel bandwidth.
3. Use the rotary control to select the desired type and press OK to confirm.
 The demodulated signal content is output from the loudspeaker or
from headphones, if connected.
4. To deactivate demodulation, press the Demodulation softkey, select Off
with the rotary control and press OK to confirm.
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6.13.3 Starting demodulation (Spectrum only)

Spectrum • Audio
You can start demodulation of the signal at the actual marker position in
Spectrum mode. The sweep is paused while demodulation is taking place.
You can switch between demodulation and sweep manually or
automatically. The duration of demodulation can be selected using the
Dwell Time softkey. The demodulation frequency can be tuned at any time
by adjusting the marker position. The demodulation bandwidth can be set
independently from the resolution bandwidth of the measured spectrum.
To start demodulation:
1. Press the Audio softkey.
 The selection window for choosing the demodulation type opens.
 If a demodulation type is already selected, go to step 3.
2. Use the rotary control to select the desired demodulation type and press
OK to confirm.
 If a marker is not displayed, it will be activated automatically. The
measurement traces are frozen and the signal at the marker position
is demodulated (adjust the volume if necessary).
Demodulating is displayed at the lower right of the measurement
screen.
3. Press the Demod. Bandwidth softkey to adjust the bandwidth.
 The selection window opens and displays Coupled to RBW (… Hz).
The demodulation bandwidth used is shown in brackets.
4. Press the Start/Stop Demodulation softkey to switch between
measurement and demodulation.
– or –
Press the decimal point key of the number keys.
5. To stop demodulation:
Press the Demodulation softkey, select Off with the rotary control and
press OK to confirm.
NOTE: Dwell Time is set to manual by default. You can also set a value here
between 1 s and 30 s to enable automatic switching between demodulation
and sweep.
Demod. Bandwidth is set to Coupled to RBW by default and limits the
demodulation bandwidth to permissible values automatically. You can also
set a fixed value.
Demodulation can also be used after exiting from the Audio menu. If you
want to do this, use the decimal point key of the number keys to interrupt
demodulation.
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6.13.4 Altering the volume (Volume)

1. Press the Volume softkey.
2. Use the rotary control to select the desired volume.
 The volume changes immediately.
3. Press OK or ESC to close the window.
NOTE: The volume can also be set using the arrow keys:
= softer, = louder
6.13.5 Activating the squelch function (Squelch)

You can use the Squelch softkey to set suitable noise suppression. The
response threshold is set relative to the Reference Level. The Squelch
softkey is displayed for all signal types except FM.
To activate squelch:
 The Audio menu is active and you have selected the signal type AM, CW,
LSB or USB.
1. Press the Squelch softkey.
2. Use the rotary control to select the desired value and press OK to
confirm.
3. To deactivate noise suppression press the Squelch softkey, select Off
with the rotary control (last item in the list), and press OK to confirm.
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6.13.6 Recording demodulated signals (Demodulation

Recorder)
With demodulation activated, you can record the demodulated signal with
the Demodulation Recorder.
1. Activate demodulation.
 The Demodulation Recorder softkey is displayed.
2. Press the Demodulation Recorder softkey, then press the REC softkey.
 Recording starts.
3. To stop recording, press the STOP softkey.
4. To replay the demodulated signal you just recorded, press the Play
softkey.
5. To make a new recording, press the Repeat REC softkey.
6. To save the recording, press the Save REC softkey.
 The save process is shown on the screen along with the index
number where the recording is stored.
7. To exit from the recording menu, press the Cancel REC softkey or the
ESC key.
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6.14 Setting the noise threshold (Noise Thresh.)
6.14 Setting the noise threshold

(Noise Thresh.)
Direction Finding
Level Meter
Multi-Channel Power
Every electronic instrument generates a certain level of intrinsic noise. This
noise is present in all frequency ranges, including those not occupied by
signals. It is easy to see when a signal is swamped by the intrinsic noise
when performing spectrum analysis with a graphical display of the
spectrum. To enable this distinction to be made in other operating modes, it
is possible to set a threshold. For results below this threshold, the device
does not display the measured value but instead shows the threshold value
preceded by “<”.
You can select threshold values of 0, 3, 6, 10, 15 and 20 dB.
• 0 dB: intrinsic noise level, does not give any information about the signal
• 3 dB: usual value selected for signals with normal noise levels
• > 3 dB: for signals with higher noise levels
The threshold values are relative and always refer to the level of the intrinsic
noise floor.
To activate / deactivate the noise threshold:

1. Press the Reference Level softkey.
2. Press the Noise Thrsh. softkey until On appears.
 The noise threshold is activated.
To select the threshold value:

 The noise threshold must be activated before you can select a value.
1. Press the Reference Level softkey and then the Noise Thresh. softkey.
2. Use the rotary control to set the desired input sensitivity and then press
the OK key.
 The threshold value is set.
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6.15 Measuring with multiple axis antennas

(Axis)
Spectrum • Axis
Level Meter • Axis
Time Domain (Scope) • Axis
I⁄Q Analyzer • Axis
Multi-Channel Power • Axis
You can only make measurements in a single axis with the IDA-3106 even if
a multiple axis antenna is connected. The Axis Mode selection window
allows you to select the axis for measurement. In this way you can measure
all three axes one after the other and save the results separately without
having to reposition the antenna.
To select the axis:

1. Press the Axis softkey.
2. Select an axis, press OK to confirm, and make the measurement you

want.
3. Select and measure the other axes in the same way.
It is a good idea to use a tripod if you are using a multiple axis antenna and
you want to measure all the axes.
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6.16 Changing the operating mode
6.16 Changing the operating mode

There are two ways to change the operating mode:
• Using the same parameters by means of the Extras softkey
• Without using the same parameters by means of the Main menu
6.16.1 Changing the operating mode and keeping the

same parameters
You can switch directly from one operating mode to another without opening
the main menu. Certain measurement parameters are kept the same when
you do this, depending on the target operating mode (see table below).
Table 29: Parameters retained when changing operating mode
Parameter Operating modes
Fcent All operating modes

Marker frequency Instead of Fcent when marker activated in Spectrum,
and for the frequency views in I⁄Q Analyzer
CBW In Time Domain (Scope), Level Meter and
I⁄Q Analyzer
Demodulation bandwidth From Spectrum to Time Domain (Scope),
set as CBW Level Meter and with demodualtion activated
To change the operating mode keeping the same parameters:

1. Press the Extras softkey.
2. Press the Go to: ... softkey for the desired operating mode.
NOTE: The RBW values set in the multi-channel tables have no function when
parameters are retained. These RBW values are only used in
Multi-Channel Power mode. If a channel is marked in Multi-Channel Power
mode, the parameters are kept for this channel bandwidth when the
operating mode is changed, and the most suitable CBW is set.
6.16.2 Changing the operating mode from the Main

menu
1. Press the MENU key until the Main menu is displayed.
2. Press the softkey for the desired operating mode.
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6 Common Functions
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7 Direction Finding mode
Direction Finding mode combines several functions in order to determine

the bearing and location of a signal source. This chapter describes these
functions and explains how to localize signal sources.
7.1 About Direction Finding mode (page 126)

7.2 Operating mode specific functions (page 127)
7.3 Manual Bearing (page 129)
7.4 Horizontal Scan (page 132)
7.5 Localizing a signal source (Outdoor) (page 137)
7.6 Exchanging bearings between instruments (page 139)
7.7 The Map menu (page 141)
7.8 Finding the location of a signal source (Indoor) (page 152)
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7.1 About Direction Finding mode

Direction Finding mode is used to determine the direction (bearing) and
location of a signal source. Measurements can only be made using a Narda
directional antenna that is equipped with a compass and position sensors.
This supplies the measuring instrument with information about the actual
position of the antenna in addition to the measurement signal.
The individual functions are:
Manual Bearing Manual determination of the signal source bearing by

measuring the largest signal level.
Horizontal Scan Automatic determination of the bearing of a signal
source by means of a 360° scan and display on a polar
diagram.
Localization Collecting one or more bearings and automatically
determining the location of the signal source(s) by
triangulation. Localization can be performed for
outdoor or indoor locations. Reception of a GPS signal
is required for outdoor localization, but defined
reference points within the room are used for indoor
localization.
Switching between outdoor and indoor localization is
done using the Loc. Mode softkey.
• Loc. Mode: Indoor = Indoor localization
• Loc. Mode: Outdoor = Outdoor localization
The information bar in the measurement menu shows
the localization mode that you have selected:
Direction Finding (Outdoor) or Direction Finding
(Indoor)
Map Allows you to display the graphical position of bearing
results (indoor and outdoor). Switching between indoor
and outdoor measurement is also done in the Map
menu. Outdoor bearing results can be superimposed
on an electronic map if the Mapping option is activated.
These menus are described in the sections below. You can find information
about the basic settings such as center frequency, resolution bandwidth or
reference level under Common Functions on page 87.
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7.2 Operating mode specific functions

This section describes how to select a detector.
You can find information about the general settings and functions that are
present in several operating modes (such as Fcent, RBW / CBW, Reference
Level) in Chapter 6 Common Functions on page 87.
NOTE: You will find basic settings in the Horizontal Scan menu
(Horizontal Scan: On) when you press the Change Settings softkey.
Tip: You can greatly simplify the repetitive procedure for localization from several
points by selecting a transmitter from a transmitter table.
7.2.1 Selecting the detector

In contrast with the other operating modes, the Detector menu in
Direction Finding mode allows you to select Peak and RMS detector types.
The following can be displayed:
• Peak (for fast pulsed signals)
• RMS (recommended setting for constant or fluctuating signals)
NOTE: The Discrete with Max Hold setting (see page 135) is recommended for
slow pulsed signals (e.g. coming from a rotating antenna).
To select a detector:
1. Press the Detector softkey.
2. Use the rotary control to make the selection and press OK to confirm.
To select the RMS averaging time:

2. Press the RMS Average Time softkey.
3. Use the rotary control to make the selection and press OK to confirm.
NOTE: When you press the Detector softkey, other softkeys appear that allow you
to reset the maximum value (Reset Max) or all values (Reset All). Reset All
resets the maximum values and the average values.
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Table 30: Values displayed in Direction Finding mode
Type Function / Explanation
Peak Displays the instantaneous measured value.

The peak value display (Peak) is held for 480 ms. The value displayed therefore
corresponds to the highest level measured within the last 480 ms. This means that
the numerical display is more stable and the graphical display is smoothed.
RMS Displays the RMS value averaged over a defined period of time. This setting should
be used for constant or fluctuating signals.
The bar next to AVG in the lower status bar indicates the progress of the
measurement until the averaging time is reached. When this time is reached
(complete bar), the instrument refreshes the resulting value using the new
measurement results and discards the oldest results (progressive averaging over
time). Please note that correct direction finding is only possible using a longer
averaging time if the direction of the antenna is also changed correspondingly
slowly.
Max The maximum value (RMS or Peak) that occurred since the start of the
measurement is also shown. The maximum value is shown as a red line in the bar
graph. This display is only possible for Manual Bearing (see section 7.3 on
page 129).
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7.3 Manual Bearing
7.3 Manual Bearing

Direction Finding (Horizontal Scan: Off)
The Manual Bearing function allows you to determine the bearing of a
signal source manually with the aid of visual or audible field strength
indicators. The function is basically the same as Level Meter mode, but it
additionally indicates the azimuth (angle from magnetic North) and elevation
(angle above the horizon) of the signal source as well as the signal
polarization.
To select the Manual Bearing function:

 Press the Horizontal Scan softkey until Off appears.
Figure 24: Direction Finding mode, Manual Bearing measurement screen.
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To determine the bearing of a signal source:

1. Set the measurement parameters as desired.
2. Check the polarization (horizontal / vertical):
– Tip the antenna by 90°: The maximum signal strength is displayed
when the polarization is correct.
– If necessary, change the position of the antenna module in the holder.
3. Slowly pan the antenna horizontally until the bargraph indicates the
maximum level (for information on how to pan the antenna, see Holding
and panning the directional antenna properly on page 258). The
maximum value display on the bargraph helps you to find the bearing
with the highest signal level.
4. To hold the measurement value, press the button on the antenna handle
or press the Hold key on the Basic Unit.
 Hold flashes on the screen.
5. Press the SAVE key on the Basic Unit to save the measurement results.
 A window indicates the save process and the index number under
which the current measurement values are saved.
NOTE: You can also save measurement values without using the Hold function.
6. Press the button on the antenna handle or the Hold key on the Basic Unit
again to unfreeze the measurement value.
7. Make further measurements and save the results as required. Each time
you save results, they are stored as a separate data set or data subset
(for localization) with consecutive index numbers.
7.3.1 Using the audio function

The Tone Search function provides assistance for manual direction finding
by means of audible signals. Two modes are provided for this: Bargraph
and Leveling.
Tone Search can also be used at the same time as demodulation of audio
signals.
NOTE: You can perform a tone search without a bargraph with the function
Horizontal Scan: On (see Horizontal Scan on page 132).
Bargraph
In Bargraph mode, the measured signal level is also output as an audible
signal. The pitch corresponds to the signal strength.
• The stronger the signal, the higher the tone.
• The weaker the signal, the lower the tone.
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7.3 Manual Bearing
The pitch of the tone will still change even if the upper (2,000 Hz) or lower
(500 Hz) limit of the bar graph has already been reached. This gives you a
means of qualitatively assessing a change in signal strength outside the
visual display range.
The difference in pitch corresponds to two octaves for the values stated
above. You can scale the Y-axis (see Adjusting the Y axis (Y-Scale)
on page 103) to alter the frequency ratio per dB between the high and low
tone. The frequency ratio per dB can be set in the range from 20 to 120 dB.
The Y-axis scaling must be set to 40 dB to achieve a value of 20 dB/octave.
Leveling
This mode converts the polarization and elevation angles at which the
antenna is held into an audible signal.
• < ±7.5°: no signal
• ±7.5° to ±15°: intermittent sound
• > ±15°: continuous sound
This gives you an audible check that the antenna is aligned horizontally. A
further audible signal indicates when the rotation (panning) speed is too
high.
 You can find further information about this in the Annex under Proper
holding on page 258.
To activate / deactivate audible signals:

1. Press the Audio softkey, then press the Tone Search softkey.
2. Use the rotary control to select the desired setting and press OK to
confirm.
3. To deactivate the audible signals, select Off using the rotary control and
press OK to confirm.
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7.4 Horizontal Scan

Horizontal Scan plots the signal strength versus the angle of incidence on a polar
diagram. The measured signals are normalized to the maximum value linearly
during the measurement (1 = 100% signal strength). The display allows you to
more easily see the difference between the received signal and the reflections
that occur. The IDA-3106 automatically calculates the bearing of the signal source
based on the horizontally measured values.
The calculation of the main angle of incidence is performed where possible
using a quadratic regression of the measured values obtained. Otherwise,
the azimuth angle of the maximum level is assumed to be the direction of
transmission and a message to this effect is displayed.
To select the Horizontal Scan function:

 Press the Horizontal Scan softkey until On appears.
Figure 25: Direction Finding mode, Horizontal Scan function.
The following measurement procedures are available:

• Continuous Horizontal Scan (Continuous) (see page 133)
• Discrete Horizontal Scan (Discrete) (see page 134)
• Discrete Horizontal Scan with Max Hold (Discrete with Max Hold)
(see page 135)
You can also determine the bearing manually if the bearing calculated on
the basis of the measured values does not appear to be sensible; see
Horizontal Scan and manual determination on page 136.
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7.4 Horizontal Scan
7.4.1 Continuous Horizontal Scan (Continuous)

Direction Finding (Horizontal Scan: On)
The IDA-3106 continuously measures the signal level and saves the values
as the antenna is panned horizontally. The measurement is stopped
manually after a sufficient number of measured values has been obtained.
The actual alignment of the antenna, the field strengths measured during the
scan, and the calculated transmitter bearing are shown in the polar diagram.
Warning messages indicate if the antenna is not held correctly or if no
meaningful results could be obtained.
NOTE: Further information on using polar diagrams and interpreting the results is
found under Horizontal Scan in practice on page 261.
To make a Continuous Horizontal Scan:

1. Set the measurement parameters as desired. Above all, select a short
averaging time (max. 0.48 s), since longer averaging times require the
antenna to be panned more slowly.
2. Check the polarization (horizontal / vertical):
– Tip the antenna by 90°: The maximum signal strength is displayed
when the polarization is correct.
– If necessary, change the position of the antenna module in the holder.
3. Press the Scan Type softkey and select Continuous.
4. To start the measurement, press the button on the antenna handle or
press the Start Continuous softkey.
5. Pan the antenna horizontally through 360°, taking about 20 seconds to
do this (pan more slowly if you are using an averaging time > 0.48 s).
Keep the antenna as horizontal as possible while you do this.
6. When you have finished the scan, press the button on the antenna
handle or press the Stop softkey.
 If the scan is successful, the red arrow in the polar diagram indicates
the direction of the signal source that was determined. The result is
also shown numerically.
 A window shows the save process.
8. To start a new measurement, repeat the steps from step 4 onwards.
(Starting a new measurement automatically resets the instrument.)
NOTE: If you pan the antenna too quickly or tilt it by more than 15° horizontally or
vertically (elevation: ±15°, polarization: ±15°) Azimuth uncertain will be
displayed in red to indicate that deviations can occur in the bearing that is
determined.
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7.4.2 Discrete Horizontal Scan (Discrete)

This method is particularly suitable for variable signals, which need a longer
RMS averaging time for detection. After you start the measurement, a new
measurement value is added each time you press the button. Once you
have enough measured values (at least three), you can stop the
measurement.
To make a Discrete Horizontal Scan:

2. Press the Scan Type softkey and select Discrete.
press the Start & Add Value softkey.
4. Point the antenna in the desired direction and press the button on the
antenna handle or press the Add Value softkey on the Basic Unit.
 The first measurement value is saved and shown in the polar
diagram.
5. Save further measurement results in the same way.
6. Press the Delete Last Value softkey to delete the last value you added.
7. Press the Stop softkey to end the measurement.
 The results are shown in the polar diagram and displayed numerically.
9. To start a new measurement, repeat the steps from step 3 onwards.
determined.
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7.4 Horizontal Scan
7.4.3 Discrete Horizontal Scan with Max Hold

(Discrete with Max Hold)
It is possible that impulse radiation from signal sources such as radar will
not be captured when the Discrete function is used. Using the Discrete
with Max Hold function allows you to determine and save the maximum
value at a given position in such cases.
To make a Discrete Horizontal Scan with Max Hold:

2. Press the Scan Type softkey and select Discrete with Max Hold.
3. Hold the antenna in the desired direction.
press the Start & Reset Max softkey and wait for the maximum value to
be reached.
5. Press the button on the antenna handle or press the Add Value softkey
on the Basic Unit.
 The first measurement value is saved and shown in the polar
diagram.
6. Pan the antenna to the new position and then press the button on the
antenna handle or press the Reset Max softkey to reset the maximum
value and save further measurement values in the same way. (The
antenna handle button function toggles between Add Value and
Reset Max.)
7. Press the Delete Last Value softkey to delete the last value you added.
8. Press the Stop softkey to end the measurement.
 The results are shown in the polar diagram and displayed numerically.
10.To start a new measurement, repeat the steps from step 3 onwards.
determined.
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7.4.4 Horizontal Scan and manual determination

Once the bearing is displayed on the polar diagram, you can also specify the
bearing manually. This may be necessary if the calculated result does not
appear to be sensible due to interference.
To set the bearing manually:

 You have made a Horizontal Scan.
 The red (lower) arrow indicates the calculated bearing. The green
(upper) arrow indicates the direction in which the antenna is pointing.
1. Point the antenna in the desired direction and press the

Manual Correct. of Direction softkey.
 The red arrow moves to the manually specified direction (green
arrow) when you press the softkey.
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7.5 Localizing a signal source (Outdoor)
7.5 Localizing a signal source (Outdoor)

This section describes the typical procedure for localizing a signal source
outdoors. You can find detailed information about individual functions such
as Average Position and Distance under The Map menu on page 141. You
can find a description of how to localize a signal source indoors under
Finding the location of a signal source (Indoor) on page 152.
You can determine the location of a signal source in two ways:
By triangulation
If you take bearings on a signal source
from several different locations, the
bearing lines will intersect within a small
area. The signal source is in this area. It C
does not matter whether you have
determined the bearings from
Manual Bearing or Horizontal Scan. You
can determine the location on the basis of
A B
the bearings using the Average Position
function in the Map menu.
From the distance

It can be time-consuming and require
travel over long distances to take bearings
on a signal source from different
locations. As an alternative, the power
level of the signal source can be
B
measured in the direction of the source
from two points far enough apart so that
the location can be determined from the
direction and the difference in signal A
levels. The Distance function in the Map
menu is provided for this purpose. This method does require that the source
signal level is constant and that reflections are small (this is critical in street
canyons, for example).
NOTE: Localization is determined from the results of triangulation and the distance
(level difference) when the Distance function is activated. You can quickly
see whether the additional level difference data provides a more accurate
determination of the position by switching the Distance function on and off.
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Localization takes place in three steps:

1. Start localization.
2. Take bearings on the signal source from different locations and save the
measurements.
3. Display the bearings in the Map menu and calculate the transmitter
location.
Step 1: Start localization

 Press the Localization softkey.
 The softkey shows On and glows red. All the measurement results
saved until you press the softkey again are saved in the same data
set and used for subsequent localization.
Step 2: Saving bearings in a localization

1. Tune the receive frequency Fcent and channel bandwidth CBW to the
bearing signal.
NOTE: You can take bearings on several frequencies one after the other and save
them in a localization. Multiple frequency bearings are much easier to do if
you use a transmitter table.
2. Determine the direction of the signal source by direction finding and save
the result by pressing the SAVE key.
3. Determine the direction from different locations, saving the results each
time with the SAVE key.
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7.6 Exchanging bearings between instruments
Step 3: Display the localization and calculate the

transmitter location
1. Press the Map softkey to switch to the Map menu.
 The bearings are displayed.
2. Press the Average Position softkey to calculate the transmitter location
and display it.
 The location is determined automatically from the existing bearings
and indicated on the map. The location coordinates are shown in the
header line. Repeat the direction determination as given in Step 2 if
necessary until the position of the transmitter is shown accurately
enough.
3. To complete the localization, press the Localization softkey followed by
the OK key.
A warning message is shown if you press OK before you complete the
localization.
NOTE: You can find the description of the Map menu under
The Map menu on page 141.
Transferring results from other instruments

Measurements can be made simultaneously from different locations with
several instruments and the results transferred instead of using only one
instrument and changing your location. The bearing results from the other
instruments can then be entered into one instrument. You can find
information about this under Exchanging bearings between instruments
on page 139.
7.6 Exchanging bearings between

instruments
Direction Finding • External Bearing
You will normally only use one IDA-3106 and will therefore have to move to
a different location to take bearings from different points. If more than one
instrument is available, you can have measurements made at several
locations simultaneously and exchange the results or transfer them to one
IDA-3106 for evaluation.
The bearing results from the other instruments can be read over a radio or
mobile phone link and entered manually, for example.
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To use bearing results from other instruments:

 A localization must be open, otherwise transfer can only be made as a
single data set.
1. Press the External Bearing softkey.
 The menu for entering the measured values opens and initially shows
the current bearing results for the instrument itself.
2. Select the items using the rotary control, press OK to open them, enter
the values as measured, and press OK to confirm:
– Fcent: center frequency
– Transmitter: Transmitter name
(optionally, you can make the selection from a transmitter in the loaded
transmitter table. Fcent is then entered automatically)
– Value: Data is exchanged in dBµV/m for field strength, otherwise in
dBµV
– Latitude: Measurement location latitude (in DegDec)
– Longitude: Measurement location longitude (in DegDec)
– Azimuth: measured azimuth value, 0° (North) to 359.9°
3. After you have entered all the values, press the Save External Bearing
softkey to save the bearing in the open localization.
 This bearing is now part of the localization just like the bearings taken
using your own instrument.
NOTE: Items 1 and 2 are used as well for transferring to other instruments. This
ensures that the transfer is made in suitable units.
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7.7 The Map menu
7.7 The Map menu

Direction Finding • Map
You can view localizations, recall saved bearings with the marker,
superimpose maps, calculate the transmitter location or display your own
location using the Map menu.
7.7.1 Switching between outdoor and indoor

localization
Before you start a localization, you must specify in the Map menu whether
you want to make an outdoor or an indoor localization.
To select the localization type:

 Press the Loc. Mode: softkey in the Map menu:
– Loc. Mode: Indoor = Indoor localization
– Loc. Mode: Outdoor = Outdoor localization
The information bar in the measurement menu indicates the selected

type:
• Direction Finding (Outdoor) = Outdoor localization
• Direction Finding (Indoor) = Indoor localization
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7.7.2 Displaying bearings while a localization is open

You can switch to the Map menu while a localization is in progress
(Localization softkey glows red) and check the bearings that have been
saved so far. You can also calculate the transmitter location on the basis of
the bearings taken so far.
Figure 26: Display of bearings in the Map menu during a localization
To display bearings during a localization in progress:

 Take bearings as described in sections 7.3 on page 129 and 7.4 on
page 132, and press the Map softkey without closing the localization.
 Press ESC to return to the measurement menu.
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7.7 The Map menu
7.7.3 Loading saved localizations and adding

bearings
Localizations that have already been completed can be recalled from the
memory and displayed. After you have opened a saved localization, you can
add further bearings to it. You can also add a localization to a bearing that
you have already made.
Loading a localization from the memory

1. Press the MENU key to open the main menu.
2. Press the Memory softkey, then press the Data Viewer softkey.
3. Select the desired data set using the rotary control and open it by
pressing the Recall Data Set softkey.
 Localization data sets are indicated by LOC.
 The screen switches to Direction Finding mode.
1
3
Figure 27: Screen display after recalling a data set.
1 • Index 11.1: consecutive index number

• LOC: data type: Localization
• Date: Date and time when measurement was made
2 Page forwards or backwards in the data memory without switching to the
Memory menu
3 Display is in recall mode
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4. Press the Map softkey to switch to the Map menu.

Adding new bearings to a saved localization

You can also add new bearings to a saved localization.
1. Open the localization you want (see Loading a localization from the
memory on page 143).
2. Press the Add Bearings softkey to open the localization.
 The Localization softkey is shown in red.
3. Take further bearings (see Localizing a signal source (Outdoor)
on page 137).
Adding saved bearings to an existing localization

Bearings that were taken and saved without reference to a localization can
also be added to a saved localization.
NOTE: This function is only available for outdoor localizations. The bearing to be
added must include GPS and compass data and use the same units as the
localization.
To add saved bearings to a localization:

1. Open the localization you want (see Loading a localization from the
memory on page 143).
2. Press the Add Bearings softkey to open the localization.
 The Localization softkey is shown in red.
3. Open the saved bearing: Menu > Memory > Data Viewer > Select data
set > Recall Data Set.
4. Press the Add to Localization softkey.
 The bearing is added to the opened localization.
5. If desired, add further bearings. Then press the Localization softkey to
close the localization and save it.
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7.7 The Map menu
7.7.4 Displaying maps (option)

If your instrument is equipped with the maps option, you can display an
electronic map on which you can immediately see the geographical
positions of the bearings in the Map menu.
You can only select maps that have been stored on the microSD card.
Suitable maps can be downloaded free from the Internet using the Narda
MapTools PC software, and then configured on the memory card (see
Loading maps using Narda MapTools on page 146). If a map for the
displayed area at the selected zoom level is not available, a plain color
background will be displayed.
To display a map:
1. Press the Select Map softkey.
2. Select a map using the rotary control and press OK to confirm.
 The map is displayed.
Figure 28: Display of an electronic map in the Map menu.
You can find information on how to navigate and zoom in the next section.
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7.7.5 Loading maps using Narda MapTools

The Narda MapTools PC program is used to access suitable online map
servers, select a map section, set the required degree of detail (zoom level)
and download the selected map.
The selected map area is saved as an offline map on the PC. The next step
is to connect the microSD card of the IDA to the PC using the USB adapter
supplied, select a section of the offline map and copy it to the memory card.
You can then use the Select Map function to select maps transferred in this
way when the microSD card is inserted into the IDA.
A world map with zoom stages 2 to 8 is stored on the memory card as
supplied from the factory. The large quantity of data contained in more
detailed maps means that you will need to select the map areas of interest
to you and download them from the Internet yourself. This is very easy to do
and is free of charge using the software supplied (maps from
OpenStreetMap).
The installation program for Narda MapTools is on the IDA Tools CD.
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7.7 The Map menu
7.7.6 Navigating and zooming

The following functions are provided for suitably displaying the bearings and
maps:
Move to Centers the map on your own current location (only possible if GPS signal
Point of received).
View  Press the softkey to center the map.
Auto Fit Adjusts the section displayed on screen to match the existing bearings. If
no bearings are present, the smallest zoom level is applied to the map.
 Press the softkey to adjust the map.
 The softkey is labeled (Active) when it has been pressed, until you
change the section displayed by using another function.
Move Moves the screen contents horizontally.
horizon-ta  Press the softkey and use the rotary control to move the contents or use
lly the speed buttons:
– Move left = press 7
– Move right = press 9
Move Moves the screen contents vertically.
vertically  Press the softkey and use the rotary control to move the contents or use
the speed buttons:
– Move up= press 5
– Move down = press 8
Zoom Changes the display size. The zoom bar on the right hand edge of the
screen indicates the current zoom level (graphically and numerically) and
the possible zoom range (green) for maps. If you go outside the green
range when using a map, the map can no longer be displayed.
The selected scale is shown below the zoom bar.
 Press the softkey and use the rotary control to set the zoom level or use
the speed buttons:
– Increase = press 1
– Decrease = press 4
Bearings and maps are always positioned such that North is at the top of
the screen. The actual direction of North is indicated by a compass rose in
the upper right corner of the screen as an aid to orientation. Magnetic
North is indicated by a red arrowhead.
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7.7.7 Determining the transmitter location

(Average Position)
The Average Position function is used to find the location of a transmitter
by triangulation based on the bearings taken. You can find more information
about this method under Localizing a signal source (Outdoor) on page 137.
To find the location:

 Bearings are available in an open localization or a saved localization has
been recalled.
1. Press the Map softkey.
2. Press the Average Position softkey.
 A red cross marks the calculated position. A red circle around the
cross indicates the possible location area taking the measurement
uncertainties into account (see Measurement uncertainty
(Bearing Uncertainty) on page 151.
Figure 29: Bearings from three locations showing the calculated position.
NOTE: You can use the All Transmitters softkey to display all transmitter locations
for all frequencies simultaneously as different colored circles. Measurement
locations and bearings are not then displayed. Details (e.g. geo-
coordinates) are displayed in each case for the transmitter that you
highlight.
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7.7 The Map menu
Determining the transmitter location by distance

calculation (Distance)
Direction Finding • Map • Average Position
The Distance function is used to determine the location of a signal source
based on differences in signal level.
You can find more information about this method under Localizing a signal
source (Outdoor) on page 137.
To use the Direction function:

 Bearings are available in an open localization or a saved localization has
been recalled.
1. Press the Map softkey then press the Average Position softkey.
 The location cross and circle are displayed.
2. Press the Distance softkey until On appears.
 The distance function is activated. Black lines across the bearing
lines indicate the distance determined from the position from which
the particular bearing was taken.
7.7.8 Excluding bearings from the calculation

(Disable Bearing)
Direction Finding • Map • Marker
You can use the marker function to select individual bearings in a
localization and exclude them from the calculation of the location.
To use the marker function:

1. Open the desired localization.
 Average Position must not be selected.
2. Press the Marker softkey.
 The first bearing is selected and marked in red.
3. Select a bearing using the arrow keys .
4. To exclude a bearing from the calculation of the location, press the
Disable Bearing softkey.
 An excluded bearing is shown in gray.
5. To reactivate all excluded bearings, press the Enable all Bearings
softkey.
6. To delete a bearing, press the Delete Bearing softkey.
 The selected bearing is deleted from the localization.
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7.7.9 Excluding bearings from the calculation

automatically (Auto Disable Bearings)
Direction Finding • Map • Marker
Auto Disable Bearings allows you to automatically exclude bearings from
the calculation that do not make any useful contribution to the result. This
exclusion can be used to reduce the size of the location circle around the
signal location to improve the measurement result. The Bearing Uncertainty
setting (see page 151) has an effect on which of the bearing results are
excluded. A more stringent selection is made when higher accuracy is set.
To exclude bearings automatically:

 Press the Auto Disable Bearings softkey.
7.7.10 Displaying your own location

Direction Finding • Map • Display
Your own location can be shown on the map (only possible with GPS
reception). This speeds up orientation.
To show your own location:

2. Press the Point of View softkey until On appears.
 Your own location is shown as a black circle
with a black center dot:
3. To hide your own location again, press the Point of View softkey again
until Off is displayed.
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7.7 The Map menu
7.7.11 Measurement uncertainty (Bearing Uncertainty)

Direction Finding • Map • Average Position
Measurement inaccuracies occur when taking bearings, mainly due to
reflections and multipath propagation. Minor inaccuracies are also caused
by GPS and compass deviations. These uncertainties can be taken into
account using the Bearing Uncertainty function and included in the
calculation of the signal location.
The uncertainty is defined by an angle that widens the bearing line by the
selected value. Values between 1° and 15° can be selected. The default
value is an angle of 5°. When triangulation is performed, the intersection of
these open triangular areas encompasses an area within which the signal
location lies (indicated by the red circle). If a greater uncertainty is selected,
the diameter of the circle around the calculated location increases
accordingly.
The default value of 5° should be sufficient in most cases. The value can be
increased appropriately if large compass deviations occur due to magnetic
fields or metallic objects.
5° (±2.5°)
5° (±2.5°)
Figure 30: Effect of measurement uncertainty (Bearing Uncertainty) on the

calculation of the signal location. An uncertainty of 5° is selected in this
example.
To change the bearing uncertainty:

1. Press the Bearing Uncertainty softkey in the Average Position display.
2. Select a value using the rotary control and press OK to confirm.
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7.8 Finding the location of a signal source

(Indoor)
Direction Finding • Map • Loc. Mode
GPS reception is generally not possible within closed rooms. It is therefore
possible to use the compass to determine direction but the location cannot
be determined.
To localize signal sources in rooms despite this fact, the IDA-3106 allows
you to define the ground area of the room by means of four corners (A – D)
and to specify its orientation by its azimuth. Bearings are taken on the signal
source from the defined corners and are displayed relative to these
reference points. Points A through D can also be seen as measurement
positions in rooms with completely different geometries (e.g. a circular
room), so the actual shape of the room is unimportant.
Figure 31: Direction Finding Indoor: Ground plan of the room with reference points
A, B, C, D Room corners
Distance B - A Room width
Distance D - A Room length
Direction A  D Room azimuth
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7.8 Finding the location of a signal source (Indoor)
An indoor localization takes place in two steps:

1. Referencing: Four points are defined as references in the room, and the
dimensions and azimuth are entered.
2. Localization: Start localization, take bearings on the signal source from
the four reference points, save the results, and determine the position.
NOTE: Remember that considerable reflections can occur, particularly in small
rooms. A minimum distance from the walls is also often recommended in
order to reduce field distortions.
Referencing the room
Figure 32: Edit Sketch: Referencing
1. Specify the floor area of the room to be measured using four corners A
through D. The room sides must be at right angles to each other. (The
reference points normally correspond to the room corners.)
2. Press the Map softkey in Direction Finding mode, then press the Loc.
Mode softkey until Indoor is shown.
3. Press the Edit Sketch softkey, select the desired parameter using the
rotary control, and open the parameter by pressing OK:
– Measure the room width (distance B - A) and room length
(distance D - A) and enter these values.
– Select Azimuth to enter the room orientation, press OK to open the
parameter, align the antenna in the direction A  D, and press OK
again (or press the button on the antenna handle).
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4. When you have entered all the values, press ESC to exit from the menu.
 A message asks you if you want to save the entries as a setup.
This completes the referencing of the room.
Localizing the signal source

 The room has been referenced.
 Indoor mode is activated (Loc. Mode softkey displays Indoor).
 The measurement parameters have been selected appropriately.
1. If you still have the Map menu open, press Esc to exit from the Map
menu.
2. Press the Localization softkey until On appears.
 Localization starts and the softkey is shown in red.
3. Take the bearing from the first reference point and press SAVE. If you
press the button on the antenna handle, you can freeze the bearing
direction first and then save it.
 A window opens for you to select a reference point.
4. Use the rotary control to select the reference point that you used and
press OK to save the measurement.
 You can work through the reference points in any order.
5. Take the bearings from the other reference points in the same way and
save the results. You can also save more than one bearing taken from
the same reference point in the localization.
The bearings taken so far in an open localization can be displayed during
the measurement:
• Press the Map softkey: The bearings taken so far are displayed
• The Average Position softkey shows the signal location calculated on
the basis of the bearings taken so far
6. When you have taken bearings from all the reference points, press the
Localization softkey to close the localization.
7. A closed localization is not shown in the Map menu any more and must
be recalled from the memory when required (see Loading saved
localizations and adding bearings on page 143).
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7.8 Finding the location of a signal source (Indoor)
8. Press the Average Position softkey to display the calculated signal

location.
 X indicates the horizontal distance and Y the vertical distance from
point A.
Figure 33: Direction Finding Indoor: Bearings and calculated transmitter location.
header line X, Y: distance of signal location from point A.
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8 Spectrum Analysis Mode
This chapter describes the Spectrum Analysis operating mode. Following

a short introduction on the use of this operating mode, this chapter contains
an overview of the basic settings and information about evaluating the
results.
8.1 About Spectrum Analysis mode (page 158)

8.2 The Spectrum measure menu (page 159)
8.3 Comparing spectra (Delta Spectrum) (page 164)
8.4 Displaying the time characteristic (Spectrogram) (page 166)
8.5 The Spectrogram Marker (page 169)
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8.1 About Spectrum Analysis mode

All the field components in the selected range can be recorded to give an
overview of the detected spectrum or to determine the maximum values in
Spectrum Analysis mode. The extended functions of the device enable
you to perform optimum evaluation of the measured values directly on site.
Marker functions and a peak table are provided for rapid assessment of the
results of spectrum analysis. You can also display the wideband value of the
integrated level for a freely-definable frequency band.
You can use the Delta Spectrum function to define a displayed spectrum as
reference and handle it like a further trace type. Even the smallest changes
can be quickly and accurately determined by taking the difference between
the spectra and the reference.
Spectrogram allows you to display the time characteristic of the signal
strength of a spectrum. The diagram can be displayed alongside the current
spectrum or on its own. RMS, +Peak and -Peak detectors are available.
Results are always recorded and saved for all three detector types.
Spectrum and Spectrogram can be displayed individually or in two
windows one above the other.
To select a function:
 Press the Measurement softkey.
Figure 34: The Measurement menu: The selected function is highlighted in color.
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8.2 The Spectrum measure menu

Spectrum • Measurement • Spectrum
The Spectrum measure screen displays the signal distribution versus
frequency. Information on how to change the settings is given in the
chapter 6 Common Functions on page 87.
Figure 35: Spectrum display
The Spectrum Measurement menu also includes further evaluation

functions as follows:
• Peak Table: Lists the highest peaks
• Single Channel Power: Determines wideband values
These functions are described below.
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8.2.1 Displaying the peak values (Peak Table)

The highest peaks (up to 50) in the frequency spectrum under consideration
are listed in the Peak Table. These are true peak values.
To open the Peak Table function:

 Press the Peak Table softkey.
Figure 36: Peak Table in Spectrum Analysis mode
Column Description
Index Sequence number of the peak (up to 50)

Frequency Frequency value of the peak
Channel/ Channel to which the peak (frequency value) belongs.
Transmitter If a transmitter table is selected, the transmitter names will be
shown here.
Avg Trace types
Max The columns displayed depend on the trace types that have been
selected (see next section).
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Selecting trace types as reference values

The reference trace type is selected using the Active Trace softkey, which
is shown in the first column after the Channel or Transmitter column. You
can only select the trace types that have been marked under
Spectrum • Trace. The relative display will then show all trace types relative
to the reference value.
1. Press the Active Trace softkey.
2. Use the rotary control to select an entry and press the OK key.
Setting a threshold (Peak Threshold)

 See Changing the marker evaluation settings (Marker Settings)
on page 111.
Setting a minimum signal peak excursion

(Peak Excursion)
on page 111.
Selecting absolute or relative display mode

The measured values are shown relative to the selected reference trace in
relative display mode.
 Press the Results softkey:
– For absolute values: The softkey label must show Absolute.
– For relative values: The softkey label must show Relative.
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8.2.2 Measuring channel power

(Single Channel Power)
SpectrumSpectrum • Measurement • Single-Channel Power
You can determine a wideband value for the measurement values in a
defined frequency range using Single Channel Power mode. You can
therefore make channel power measurements.
To open the integration function:

 Press the Measurement softkey, then press the Single Channel Power
softkey.
Figure 37: Int. Val: Shows the result of the integration.
NOTE: The integration function takes all the spectral lines within the integration
range into account, including those which lie within the noise floor. The
result of this evaluation function is therefore very dependent on the intrinsic
noise level and therefore from the selected reference level if the signal levels
present are close to the intrinsic noise level.
Possible entry methods

The type of entry method is selected using the Entry softkey:
• Numerical: Numerical entry using the number keys and decimal point key
in the keypad.
• Graphical: The rotary control is used to enter the frequency limits
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Selecting the trace type

The Active Trace softkey is used to select the trace type to be used for
integration. You can only select from the trace types that were highlighted
under Spectrum • Trace.
1. Press the Active Trace softkey.
2. Use the rotary control to select an entry and press the OK key.
Setting the integration range using frequency limits

1. Press the Frequency Integration Min softkey to set the lower frequency
limit.
 The diamond of the left marker will be filled out (in the colour of the
trace type) if graphical entry is selected.
2. Use the rotary control or the number keys to specify the lower frequency
limit and then press the OK key to save the setting.
3. Softkey Frequency Integration Max softkey to set the upper frequency
limit.
 The diamond of the right marker will be filled out (in the colour of the
trace type) if graphical entry is selected.
4. Use the rotary control or the number keys to specify the lower frequency
limit and then press the OK key to save the setting.
Setting the integration range using a center frequency

and a frequency band
1. Press the Frequency Integration Cent softkey to set the center
frequency.
 The diamond of the center marker will be filled out in black if graphical
entry is selected.
2. Use the rotary control or the number keys to specify the center frequency
and then press the OK key to save the setting.
3. Press the Frequency Integration Span softkey to set the frequency
band.
 The diamonds of both markers will be filled out in black if graphical
entry is selected.
4. Use the rotary control or the number keys to specify the frequency band
and then press the OK key to save the setting.
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8.3 Comparing spectra (Delta Spectrum)

Spectrum • Measurement • Delta Spectrum
The Delta Spectrum measure menu allows you to display and save
differences compared to a reference trace. Small deviations can be seen
clearly thanks to the display in dB.
To use the Delta Spectrum function:

 Press the Measurement softkey in the Spectrum main menu. Then
select Delta Spectrum.
Figure 38: The Measurement menu: Delta Spectrum is activated.
1 Delta Spectrum
Activates / deactivates the Delta Spectrum function.
All the displayed spectra are shown relative to the reference spectrum when
the function is activated (softkey highlighted in color).
If a reference trace is not present a window opens, allowing one of the current
traces to be set as reference.
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8.3 Comparing spectra (Delta Spectrum)
8.3.1 Using a spectrum as reference

1. Set the spectrum display as required. The trace type that you want to
select as reference must be displayed.
2. In the Spectrum main menu, press the Trace softkey.
 The Trace window opens and the Set as Reference softkey is shown
in the lower bar.
3. Press the Set as Reference softkey.
 The previous window,Trace, now shows the trace types that can be
selected as reference:
Figure 39: Selection of a trace type for saving the reference spectrum.
4. Select a trace type using the rotary control and press OK to set it.
 The reference spectrum is shown as another trace and listed under
the list of trace types on the right of the screen. It can be shown or
hidden just like the trace types using the Trace softkey in the main
menu.
To use the reference spectrum:

 Press the Delta Spectrum softkey in the Measurement menu (the
softkey is highlighted in color when the function is activated).
 All the displayed spectra are shown relative to the reference
spectrum.
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8.3.2 Saving the delta spectra and reference

The displayed delta spectra as well as the reference spectrum can be
saved. The traces that will be saved depend on their settings. The table
below shows the relationships:
Delta Spectrum = on Delta Spectrum = off
The reference spectrum and all the Only the reference spectrum can be
displayed delta spectra are saved. saved. You must select it as trace type for
The delta spectra are displayed again this to work (Trace softkey).
when you recall the saved data (Recall). You can generate a new reference
spectrum from a saved spectrum for
subsequent measurements.
 A spectrum has been set as reference (Set as Reference softkey).

1. Make your selection according to the table above.
2. Press the SAVE button.
8.4 Displaying the time characteristic

(Spectrogram)
Spectrum • Measurement • Spectrogram
Spectrogram mode allows you to display the variation in the signal strength
of a spectrum versus time.
To display the spectrogram:

 Press the Measurement softkey. Two display modes are available:
– Spectrogram: Only the spectrogram is displayed.
– Spectrogram & Spectrum: The spectrogram and the spectrum are
displayed.
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8.4 Displaying the time characteristic (Spectrogram)
2 3
Figure 40: Spectrogram in Spectrogram & Spectrum display mode.
1 Spectrogram
0 is the current value; the values along the Y axis show the elapsed time in
seconds. There are 400 lines available. The total range that can be displayed
depends on the Sweep Time and the selected time resolution (see Changing
the time resolution (Time Resolution) on page 168). If the entire time range
cannot be shown in one diagram, the spectrogram marker function allows you
to scroll back to older values (see The Spectrogram Marker on page 169).
2 Colored display of the signal level in the spectrogram.
The dashes next to the color scale correspond to the subdivisions of the Y axis
in the Spectrum window, i.e. 10 to 90 dBµV/m in the example shown.
You can adjust the colored display using the Y-Scale Range and Y-Scale Ref
parameters in the Display menu (see Adjusting the Y axis (Y-Scale)
on page 103).
3 Softkey for selecting the Time Resolution.
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8.4.1 Changing the time resolution (Time Resolution)

In total, 400 lines are available in the spectrogram for the display. The time
resolution corresponds to the representation of one line and therefore
determines the maximum time that can be displayed: t = 400 x Time Res. If
the measurement time needed for a spectrum is longer than the time
resolution setting, the average sweep time will be shown in the display as
Time Res. When the maximum display time is reached, the oldest result is
overwritten in each case (rolling memory).
To change the Time Resolution:

 Press the Spectrogram / Time Resolution softkey and select a value.
NOTE: A new spectrogram line is generated with every new spectrum if you set As
fast as possible.

Since the data in the time axis as well as the frequency axis is compressed
to display each individual pixel in the spectrogram, you must select a
detector. The choice of a detector determines which values from the
spectrum are shown in the spectrogram. The following types can be
selected:
• RMS: The spectrogram shows the time characteristic of the RMS value
• +Peak: The spectrogram shows the time characteristic of the largest
value
• –Peak: The spectrogram shows the time characteristic of the smallest
value
NOTE: The measurement is always performed for all three detectors at the same
time. You can therefore switch between the detector types at any time and
the results shown immediately, without the need for a new measurement.
 Press the Detector softkey, select a type using the rotary control and
press OK to set it.
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8.5 The Spectrogram Marker

The Spectrogram Marker allows you to analyze the recorded spectra by
means of time or frequency based navigation in the spectrogram.
 You can find detailed information on how to use the Marker functions
under The Marker function on page 104.
The Spectrogram Marker has some additional functions:
• Navigation: Moves the marker along the frequency or time axis.
• Delta Marker: Displays the differences between markers at the same
time, at the same frequency, or freely settable markers.
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To activate the Marker function in the spectrogram:

 Press the Spectrogram Marker softkey in the Spectrum main menu.
 The Spectrogram Marker main menu opens.
1 2 3 4
Figure 41: The Spectrogram Marker main menu
1 Marker Settings: Opens the sub menu for further marker settings.
2 Delta Marker: Selects the marker function:
• Single Marker: Displays Marker A or Marker B only.
• Delta Time & Frequency: Displays Marker A and Marker B. Both markers
can be moved on the time and frequency axes independently of each other.
• Delta Time: Displays Marker A and Marker B. Both markers can only be
moved together on the frequency axis.
• Delta Frequency: Displays Marker A and Marker B. Both markers can only
be moved together on the time axis.
3 Navigation: Selects the marker movement type
• Time: The markers can be moved on the time axis.
• Frequency: The markers can be moved on the frequency axis.
 The marker is moved using the rotary control.
4 Detector: Selects a detector: RMS, +Peak, -Peak
To open the Spectrogram Marker sub menu:

 Press the Marker Settings softkey.
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8.5.1 Example Delta Marker applications

Finding a single event that is earlier than the time range shown in the
Spectrogram window:
 Delta Marker = Single Marker,
Navigation = Frequency
1. Press the Hold key to freeze the display.
2. Select Active Marker = A or B.
3. Set the desired frequency with the selected marker.
4. Select Navigation= Time.
5. Scroll back down the time axis of the spectrogram with the marker and
select the desired time point.
 The associated values are displayed in the Marker bar.
Comparing two events at different times in the spectrogram:
 Delta Marker = Delta Time,
2. Select Active Marker = A.
3. Set the desired frequency with the selected marker.
5. Set Marker A to the first time point.
6. Select Active Marker = B.
7. Set Marker B to the second time point.
Tip: If you select Navigation = Frequency, you can move both markers together
through the frequency band.
Comparing two events at identical times in the spectrogram:
 Delta Marker = Delta Frequency,
2. Select Active Marker = A.
3. Set Marker A to the first frequency.
4. Select Active Marker = B.
5. Set Marker B to the second frequency.
Tip: If you select Navigation = Time, you can move both markers together along
the time axis.
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Determining two different times and frequencies:

 Delta Marker = Delta Time & Frequency,
Active Marker = A,
2. Set Marker A to the first frequency.
4. Set Marker A to the desired time.
5. Select Active Marker = B and Navigation = Frequency.
6. Set Marker B to the second frequency.
8. Set Marker B to the desired time.
8.5.2 Setting a threshold (Peak Threshold)

on page 111.
8.5.3 Setting a minimum signal peak excursion

(Peak Excursion)
on page 111.
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9 Level Meter Mode
This chapter describes Level Meter mode. Following a short introduction to

the operating mode, an overview of the measurement screen is given along
with information about the settings.
9.1 About Level Meter mode (page 174)

9.2 Display overview (page 175)
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9 Level Meter Mode
9.1 About Level Meter mode

Level Meter mode allows you to make selective measurements at a defined
frequency (Fcent) e.g. for monitoring the field strength of a communications
channel. The channel bandwidth (CBW) for this can be set in the range 100
Hz to 32 MHz (zero span mode). Steep filters enable precise separation of
adjacent channels. The Peak detector values (for brief pulsed signals) and
RMS detector values (for variable signals) are displayed simultaneously.
One advantage of Level Meter mode is that the measurement is in real time
and there are no time gaps.
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9.2 Display overview
3
4
Figure 42: Level Meter mode with display of Peak and RMS.
1 Display area with selectable detector types Peak and RMS

2 Bar graph displaying the current level:
• Red line: indicates the maximum measured level
• Bar: indicates the level at the moment
Note: The maximum extent of the bar corresponds to the selected reference
level (Reference Level softkey).
3 Numerical display of current measured value
4 Numerical display of maximum measured value
9.2.1 Signaling the maximum level audibly

Main Menu • Settings • Beep on new Maximum
A new maximum level can also be indicated by a beeper. To do this, you must
activate the Beep on new Maximum function at Main Menu/Settings.
To activate the beeper:

 See Editing device-specific settings on page 66.
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9 Level Meter Mode

This section describes how to select a detector.
Level) in chapter 6 Common Functions on page 87.

In contrast with other operating modes, the Detector menu in Level Meter
mode allows selection of the detector types Peak and RMS. The following
can be displayed:
• Peak only
• RMS only
• Peak and RMS
2. Use the rotary control to select the desired averaging time and then
press the OK key to make the setting.
To select the averaging time:

2. Press the RMS Average Time softkey.
3. Use the rotary control to select the desired averaging time and then
press the OK key to make the setting.
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The maximum values are also shown in addition to the actual or mean
values:
Table 31: Values displayed in Level Meter mode
Type Function / Explanation
Peak Displays the instantaneous measured value.

Note: The peak value display (Peak) is held for 480 ms. The value
displayed therefore corresponds to the highest level measured
within the last 480 ms. This means that the numerical display is
more stable and the graphical display is smoothed.
Max Displays the maximum value that has occurred since the
measurement started.
RMS Displays the RMS value averaged over a defined period of time.
The bar next to AVG in the lower status bar indicates the progress
of the measurement until the averaging time is reached. When this
time is reached (complete bar), the instrument refreshes the
resulting value using the new measurement results and discards the
oldest results (progressive averaging over time).
RMS Max Displays the maximum value of the averaged values that has
occurred since the measurement started.
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9 Level Meter Mode
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10 Time Domain (Scope) mode
– Option
In Time Domain (Scope) mode (optional), the IDA-3106 measures

continuously and selectively at a fixed frequency setting. This enables it to
also detect brief peaks, e.g. from pulsed radar equipment. The operating
mode is also suitable for timer-controlled measurements.
10.1 About Time Domain (Scope) mode (page 180)

10.3 Selecting measurement parameters (page 182)
10.4 Measurement parameter examples (page 184)
10.5 Using the trigger function (page 189)
10.6 Saving measured values automatically (page 192)
10.7 Measuring the Duty Cycle and Time Domain Power (page 193)
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10 Time Domain (Scope) mode – Option
10.1 About Time Domain (Scope) mode

In Time Domain (Scope) mode, the IDA-3106 measures selectively at a
pre-selected frequency and displays the result as a graph continuously
versus time (Zero Span operation). The trace shape corresponds here to
the magnitude of the signal level, which is recorded without any gaps within
the displayed time range. This would display the RMS value of a constant
sine wave signal (CW) as a horizontal measurement line.
A trigger function with selectable threshold allows you to trigger and save a
measurement when a particular trigger event occurs. It is also possible to
make long-term measurements over periods of up to 24 hours.
There are two sub modes:
Sub mode Function Application
High The measurement is This sub mode is therefore suitable for

Resolution displayed at maximum displaying short term signals that require a
Scope resolution and can time resolution of down to 32 ns.
comprise up to 250,000 Time Span can be selected and Time Res
individual measured is fixed (= 1/CBW).
values.
Long-Time The measurement results Use this sub mode when the maximum
Scope are displayed on a Time Span of High Resolution Scope
compressed time scale. mode is insufficient.
Up to 62,500 measured The maximum Time Span is 24 hours.
values can be recorded Time Span and Time Res can be
per detector. selected.
To select a sub mode:

 Press the Measurement softkey and select a sub mode.
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Figure 43: Time Domain (Scope) mode with activated trigger function
1 Display of the measured signal versus time

2 Trigger:
• horizontal line = Trigger Level
• vertical line = Trigger Delay
3 Trace / Detector (depends on the selected measurement function/ sub menu)
• Act = real-time measurement
• +Pk/RMS/-Pk = compressed values over longer measurement periods
4 Measurement “frozen” by trigger function (see Table 35 on page 191)
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10.3 Selecting measurement parameters

The parameters described in must be set to match the channel being
measured to obtain meaningful results. Fcent and CBW must be set first of
all.
Table 32: Measurement parameters and their functions
Parameter Function / Setting
Fcent Center frequency of channel under observation

Time Span Measurement duration for capturing the signal characteristic
Time Resolution Time resolution for the displayed measurement values
CBW Channel bandwidth of the signal to be displayed
Trace / Detector The trace types / detectors that can be selected depend on the
measurement function: Act / +Peak, RMS, -Peak
The time span, time resolution, and number of measured values (n) are
linked and can be represented by the following equation:
Time span = Number of measured values (n) x Time resolution
At least 16 measured values must be displayed over the time span. This
relationship is clear from the following table.
Table 33: Relationship between Time Span and Time Res parameters
Sub mode Time Span Time Res No. of Trace / Detector

values (n)
High Resolution settable, fixed, max. 250,000 Act
Scope  n / CBW 1 / CBW
Long-Time settable, settable, max. 62,500 +Peak, RMS,
Scope  24 h  Time Span / n -Peak
Some examples of channels and the appropriate settings of these

parameters are also given in the section Measurement parameter examples
on page 184.
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10.3.1 Selecting Time Span, Time Resolution

1. Press the Time Span softkey.
 Entry is in seconds by default.
2. Enter the desired time. This can be done in the following ways:
– Keys: Type in a value using the numerical keys and select the units
using the softkeys.
– Rotary control: Change the value stepwise using the rotary control.
– Rotary control + arrow keys: Use the arrow keys to select the digit
that you want to change. Additional digits can be displayed using the
key. Change the value of the digit using therotary control. The
value is changed with carry-over.
– Entry in hh:mm:ss format: Press the Mode softkey. Select a section
using the keys and change the value using the rotary control.
3. Press the Time Resolution softkey and enter the time in the same way.
 You can only enter the Time Resolution for the Long-Time Scope. In
all other cases, the time resolution is determined by the CBW (time
resolution = 1/CBW)
4. Press OK to complete entry.
10.3.2 Setting the channel bandwidth (CBW)

You must choose a channel bandwidth that allows the entire signal to be
captured. The maximum possible time resolution (1/CBW) results from the
bandwidth setting.
 See Setting the bandwidth (RBW / CBW) on page 92.
10.3.3 Selecting the trace type / detector

The Measurement softkey is used firstly to set the sub mode. Depending on
this setting, only the associated trace types/detectors will be available under
Trace / Detector.
Table 34: Sub mode and available trace types / detectors
Sub mode Trace type/ Function / Explanation

detector
High Resolution Act Value measured at the moment

Scope (The Trace softkey is hidden)
Long-Time Scope +Peak, Detector:
RMS, Maximum, average, and minimum value within
-Peak a compressed time interval
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To select a trace type/detector:

1. Press the Measurement softkey and select a sub mode.
3. Press the Trace / Detector softkey, select an item using the rotary
control, and press OK to set the selection.
 If you selected High Resolution Scope sub mode, the Trace/
Detector softkey is not shown. Only the detector Act is possible.
10.4 Measurement parameter examples

Some examples of measurement parameter settings for typical applications
are given below.
10.4.1 Example 1: GSM

GSM is characterized by the following properties:
• BCCH and several traffic channels
• Channel bandwidth 200 kHz
• Cycle time: 8 timeslots of 577 s each = 4.6 ms
This results in the following settings:
Fcent Center frequency of GSM channel to be observed,

e.g. 931.1879 MHz
CBW 200 kHz
Measurement High Resolution Scope
Time Span > 4.6 ms, selected: 5 ms
Time Resolution Automatically set from 1/CBW = 5 s
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10.4.2 Example 2: DECT telephone

DECT is characterized by the following properties:
• Frequency range: 1880 MHz – 1900 MHz
• Base station is permanently active
• Number of channels: 10
• Channel bandwidth: 1728 kHz
• Cycle time: 24 timeslots of 417 µs each = 10 ms
Fcent e. g. Channel 0: 1897.344 MHz

CBW 1728 kHz –> selected: 2 MHz
Measurement High Resolution Scope
Time Span 24 timeslots x 417 s = 10 ms
Time Resolution Automatically set from 1/CBW = 500 ns
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10.4.3 Example 3: WLAN

WLAN is characterized by the following properties:
• Frequency ranges:
– 2.40 GHz – 2.497 GHz
– 5.15 GHz – 5.35 GHz
– 5.725 GHz – 5.825 GHz
• Number of channels:
– 2.4 GHz: 14 (overlapping), 3 (non-overlapping)
– 5 GHz: 12 (non-overlapping)
• Channel bandwidth:
– 10 MHz, 20 MHz, 40 MHz
– 20 MHz are most often used
• Cycle time: 0.25 ms – 2 ms
Fcent e. g. Channel 10: 2.457 GHz

CBW 20 MHz
Measurement Long-Time Scope
Detector +Peak/RMS/-Peak
Time Span 1 ms
Time Resolution 400 ns
Because of the large spread of possible setting values, it is not possible to

specify fixed values. However, two representative examples are given
below.
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Procedure for example 3:

1. Switch to Spectrum mode, select a suitable frequency using the marker
function, and then switch to Time Domain (Scope) mode (parameters
are retained)
 Frequency hopping can make this selection more difficult.
Spectrum Analysis mode Frequency Hopping
2. Examples of different settings, CBW = 20 MHz and Measurement =

Long-Time Scope:
• Time Span = 1 ms • Time Span = 5 ms
• Time Resolution = 400 ns • Time Resolution = 1400 ns
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10.4.4 Example 4: Remote automobile key (ISM band)

Only the frequency range 433.05 MHz – 434.79 MHz can be specified for
remote automobile keys using the ISM band. The following describes how
the other parameters can be determined:
1. Switch to Spectrum mode and activate the marker function:
– Find Fcent: Set the marker to the maximum (here: 433.942 MHz).
– Find RBW: Set markers A and B: Bandwidth is the difference between
the two frequency points (here: > 16 kHz).
Find Fcent Find RBW
2. Switch to Time Domain (Scope) mode.

3. Settings in the example:
– Fcent = 433.942 MHz
– CBW = 100 kHz
– Measurement = High Resolution Scope
– Time Span = 10 ms
– Time Resolution = 1/CBW = 10 µs
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10.5 Using the trigger function

Time Domain (Scope) • Trigger Menu
I⁄Q Analyzer • Trigger Menu
The trigger function allows you to trigger a measurement when the
observed input signal meets the specified conditions. After the
measurement is triggered and the set time span has elapsed, the display is
"frozen" so you can see the signal characteristic. The Actual Trace is always
used as the signal source for trigger events, even in Long-Time Scope
mode.
You can select the following trigger types:
• Free Run: No trigger function
• Single: The trigger is triggered once when the trigger event occurs.
• Multiple: The trigger is triggered each time the trigger event occurs.
• Time Controlled: The measurement starts either immediately or at the
date and time set, and stops when the Time Span has elapsed.
10.5.1 Free Run

The display updates continuously. Free Run is displayed at the lower right
of the screen.
10.5.2 Single und Multiple

These trigger types freeze the display after the first valid event (Single) or
after every new valid event (Multiple). If you select one of these trigger
types, you must then set the following functions:
• Trigger Level: Level activating the trigger
• Trigger Slope: Signal edge activating the trigger:
– Rising
– Falling
• Trigger Delay: Delay in activating the trigger
– Negative delay values cause the signal characteristic prior to the trigger
event to be displayed (pre-trigger).
– Positive delay values cause the signal characteristic after the delay
following the trigger event to be displayed. The trigger event is outside
the display area.
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To use the Single or Multiple trigger types:

1. Press the Trigger Mode softkey and select the appropriate function.
2. Press the Trigger Level softkey and use the rotary control to set a
threshold value.
 The threshold is indicated by a horizontal blue line on the screen.
3. Press the Trigger Slope softkey to select the edge:
– Softkey Trigger Slope: Rising: Rising edge is selected.
– Softkey Trigger Slope: Falling: Falling edge is selected.
4. Press the Trigger Delay softkey and select a value:
– Negative value: earlier time
– Positive value: later time
 When you select a negative value, the trigger delay will be shown as
a vertical blue line on the screen.
When you have selected Single or Multiple, the readiness of the trigger
function is indicated at the lower right of the measurement screen:
Figure 44: Time Domain (Scope) operating mode, trigger function Single selected
but not yet started
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The following status messages are possible:

Table 35: Trigger messages
Message Function / Explanation
Waiting for Arm Trigger mode has been activated (Single or Multiple) but the
trigger function has not yet been started (Arm softkey)
Waiting This message appears in Multiple trigger mode when the
trigger condition has already been met once and the trigger is
waiting for the next event.
Armed The trigger function has been activated (Arm softkey has
been pressed) but no valid event has occurred yet
Triggered This message appears only briefly when the trigger condition
is met.
Stopped An event has met the trigger condition. The display stops and
the signal trace is "frozen".
To start the recording:

 Press the Arm softkey.
 The message Armed appears on the screen and the Arm softkey is
now labeled Break.
To break off recording:

 Press the Break softkey.
10.5.3 Time Controlled

This trigger type allows you to start the recording at a specified time.
Recording stops as soon as the Time Span has elapsed.
To start the recording immediately:

1. Press the Trigger Mode softkey and select Time Controlled.
 The message Waiting for Arm appears on the screen.
2. Press the Start Now softkey.
To start the recording at a specified time:

1. Press the Trigger Mode softkey and select Time Controlled.
 The message Waiting for Arm appears on the screen.
2. Press the Start Date softkey and enter the desired date. You can enter
the current date automatically by pressing the Current Date softkey.
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3. Press the Start Time softkey and enter the desired time. You can enter
the current time automatically by pressing the Current Time softkey.
 The start date and time are displayed in the lower status line.
4. Press the Prog Start softkey to activate the trigger function.
 The message Armed is displayed on the screen. (If the start time
precedes the actual time, the trigger function starts immediately.)
The recording starts when the specified time has been reached and stops
when the Time Span has elapsed.
To deactivate the trigger function or break off recording:

 Press the Break softkey.
10.6 Saving measured values automatically

The Auto Save function allows you to save measured values automatically
when a trigger event occurs.
To save measured values automatically:

1. Open the Trigger menu and select the desired trigger type.
2. Press the Auto Save softkey.
 The auto save function is active, the softkey label shows On.
3. Press the Arm softkey.
 The trigger function is active; the Suspend Auto Save softkey is
displayed.
 The measurement is saved when the trigger event occurs and the
time specified by Time Span has elapsed.
To suspend auto saving:

 Press the Suspend Auto Save softkey.
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10.7 Measuring the Duty Cycle and Time Domain Power
To set the time span between save events for Multiple trigger type:
Auto Save Holdoff specifies the dead time between consecutive save
events. This dead time begins when the measurement time (Time Span)
has elapsed completely following the last trigger event.
 Multiple trigger type is selected.
 Press the Auto Save Holdoff softkey, select an item using the rotary
To set the maximum number of events to be saved when Multiple

trigger type is set:
The maximum number of events to be saved is set by Auto Save Events.
 Multiple trigger type is selected.
 Press the Auto Save Events softkey, select an item using the rotary
10.7 Measuring the Duty Cycle and Time

Domain Power
The Duty Cycle evaluation function is available for High Resolution Scope
and Long-Time Scope modes. This function automatically displays the ratio
of the average to the maximum power level (Pavg/Ppeak), calculated for the
displayed time period. The Duty Cycle function corresponds to the signal
duty cycle if the signal shape is rectangular. The values of Pavg and Ppeak
are also displayed in the Marker bar. The measured value for Pavg is often
referred to as the Time Domain Power.
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Figure 45: The Duty Cycle evaluation function
To activate the Duty Cycle function:

1. Press the Evaluation softkey, then press the Duty Cycle softkey.
2. Use the Entry softkey to select the method of entering the integration
range:
– Graphical = Entry by moving the markers
– Numerical = Numerical entry of values
3. Specify the integration range using the four Time Integration ... (1)
softkeys
– Graphical: Press one of the softkeys and then use the rotary control to
move the marker to the desired position.
– Numerical: Press one of the softkeys and set the value.
 The selected values as well as the ratio Pavg/Ppeak are shown in the
upper part of the screen.
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11 I/Q Analyzer Mode – Option
I/Q demodulation is performed at a fixed set frequency in the optional

I⁄Q Analyzer mode. The recorded I/Q data can be displayed in various
different views in order to analyze signals with high resolution in the time or
frequency domain.
11.1 About I⁄Q Analyzer mode (page 196)

11.3 Selecting measurement parameters (page 201)
11.4 Using the trigger function (page 204)
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11.1 About I⁄Q Analyzer mode

Measurement method:
In I⁄Q Analyzer mode, the IDA-3106 measures a pre-selected frequency
selectively using the selected channel bandwidth (CBW) (Zero Span
operation). Only the I/Q data resulting from the complex output signal of a
base-band demodulation are obtained; this is referred to as I/Q
demodulation. The I (in phase demodulated signal) and Q (quadrature
demodulated signal) components can describe a complex input signal
completely.
Recording and saving measurement data:

I/Q data are measured either in Free Run mode or triggered by an event. All
the signal information is captured without gaps during I/Q demodulation.
Even extremely short duration signals in the nanosecond range can be
detected and captured with high resolution of up to 250,000 data pairs for I
and Q. This representation of a signal sequence is retained completely
without data compression even after the measurement data is saved. Only
the raw I/Q data is saved in every case.
Analyzing and displaying measurement data:

Various types of view are provided for effective evaluation and signal
analysis, all of which are produced by computation from the measured raw
I/Q data. Once captured, the I/Q data provide users with comprehensive
analysis facilities. You can switch between the time and frequency domains
at will, and the FFT analysis parameters can be subsequently optimized.
The measurement is interrupted to perform frequency domain
transformation (FFT). In extreme cases, this can take several seconds in
order to compute the up to 7805 spectrums and display them as a
spectrogram or digital persistence spectrum. The gapless spectrogram with
its fine time resolution of down to 1 µs is a particularly powerful tool for
interference searching.
Using I/Q Streaming:

On-line signal monitoring can be done over as long a period as you like with
gapless I/Q streaming. I/Q streaming with a channel bandwidth of up to 400
kHz is supported by the Ethernet interface in remote controlled operation.
You can find more information about this in the Command Reference Guide
(see IDA Tools CD).
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11.1 About I⁄Q Analyzer mode
There are five different views available.
View Description
I/Q Displays the time characteristic of the captured raw data as I (in
phase demodulated signal) and Q (quadrature demodulated signal)
components. Experts can draw conclusions about modulation types
and interference just from the shape of the signal.
Magnitude Displays the time characteristic of the signal power level. The
magnitude is used as a trigger source for the I⁄Q Analyzer. A video
bandwidth VBW can be set for smoothing the signal, which may be
necessary for triggering. The VBW does not affect other Views.
HiRes The measured signal is displayed as a gapless, time-compressed
Spectrogram spectrogram so that the entire characteristic can be seen on the
Full screen. The spectrums can be selected and viewed with their full
time resolution using the marker.
(For information about spectrograms, see Displaying the time
characteristic (Spectrogram) on page 166 and The Spectrogram
Marker on page 169.)
HiRes Comparable to the "HiRes Spectrogram Full" view but without any
Spectrogram time compression. Each spectrum captured is shown as a separate
Zoom spectrogram line. You can scroll through the spectrogram in Hold
mode.
Persistence All the computed spectrums are displayed as level versus frequency.
Spectrum The color indicates the number of times that the level occurred. This
corresponds to a "digital afterglow effect", which makes it possible to
recognize signals with superimposed frequencies or which occur
sporadically.
To select a view:
 Press the View softkey and select a view.
NOTE: Magnitude corresponds to the results of Time Domain (Scope) mode / High
Resolution Scope sub mode (see About Time Domain (Scope) mode on page 180 for
information).
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3
4
5 6
Figure 46: I⁄Q Analyzer mode with activated trigger function
1 Measurement display.
2 Trigger time point indication (not needed for Free Run)
3 Trigger message (see Table 35 on page 191).
4 Display during a calculation
5 View (view selection)
• I/Q
• Magnitude
• HiRes Spectrogram Full
• HiRes Spectrogram Zoom
• Persistence Spectrum
6 Selected detector (for spectrogram views only).
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11.2.1 View examples

A triggered mobile telephone signal is shown in different view below.
Figure 47: View: I/Q (time domain) with display of trigger time point.
Figure 48: View: Magnitude (time domain) with trigger time point and marker.
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Figure 49: View: HiRes Spectrogram Zoom (frequency domain) in Marker menu
Figure 50: View: Persistence Spectrum (digital persistence in the frequency

domain)
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Measurement parameters are basically set in the same way as for
Time Domain (Scope) High Resolution Scope mode (see Selecting
measurement parameters on page 182). The following settings are crucial
here:
1. Press the Fcent softkey to set the center frequency (see Setting the
center frequency (Fcent) on page 89).
2. Press the BW softkey to set the channel bandwidth (see Setting the
bandwidth (RBW / CBW) on page 92).
3. Time Span is always automatically set to the maximum possible value
when the bandwidth is changed. Redfuce the value if necessary (see
Selecting Time Span on page 201).
4. Press the Reference Level softkey to set the reference level for correct
modulation (see Setting the reference level (Reference Level)
on page 95).
5. Make settings in the Trigger menu in order to start event controlled
capture. Otherwise the measurement will be in Free Run mode (see
Using the trigger function on page 189).
11.3.1 Setting the channel bandwidth (CBW)

You must choose a channel bandwidth that allows the entire signal to be
captured. The maximum possible time resolution (1/CBW) results from the
bandwidth setting.
The fast Fourier transformation (FFT) requires the selection of a higher
channel bandwidth for computing the spectrum.
Fspan = 0.8 x CBW (maximum value approx. 22 MHz)
 See Setting the bandwidth (RBW / CBW) on page 92.
11.3.2 Selecting Time Span

1. Press the Time Span softkey.
 Entry is in seconds by default.
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2. Enter the desired time. This can be done in the following ways:
– Keys: Type in a value using the numerical keys and select the units
using the softkeys.
– Rotary control: Change the value stepwise using the rotary control.
– Rotary control + arrow keys: Use the arrow keys to select the digit
that you want to change. Additional digits can be displayed using the
key. Change the value of the digit using the rotary control. The
value is changed with carry-over.
– Entry in hh:mm:ss format: Press the Mode softkey. Select a section
using the keys and change the value using the rotary control.
 You cannot enter a Time Resolution value. The time resolution is
determined by the CBW (time resolution = 1/CBW)
3. Press OK to complete entry.
11.3.3 Changing the frequency and time resolution of a

spectrogram
I⁄Q Analyzer • View: Sgram Full
I⁄Q Analyzer • View: Sgram Zoom
I⁄Q Analyzer • View: Persistence
To change the frequency resolution of the spectrogram:

A fast Fourier transformation (FFT) converts a signal from the time domain
to the frequency domain. The number of samples determines whether a
high time resolution (e.g. 256 samples) or a high frequency resolution (e.g.
2,048 samples) is achieved.
 A spectrogram view is selected.
2. Press the FFT Points softkey, select an item using the rotary control, and
press OK to set the selection.
To change the overlapping of the spectrogram:
A higher degree of overlapping in the FFT windowing results in better
amplitude accuracy and higher time resolution. It also results in an
increased computation time for the spectrogram. The overlap can be set in
steps of 50%, 75% and 87.5%.
 A spectrogram view is selected.
2. Press the FFT Overlap softkey, select an item using the rotary control,
and press OK to set the selection.
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11.3.4 Display time domain (trigger time point)

I⁄Q Analyzer • View: Sgram Zoom
 HiRes Spectrogram Zoom view is selected.
2. Press the Goto Trigger Time softkey to display the time domain with the
trigger time point.
NOTE: At the same time, the marker is set to the trigger time point in the Marker
menu. It is always set to the lowest spectrogram line in Free Run trigger
mode.
11.3.5 Selecting the trace type / detector (Trace/

Detector)
The View softkey is used firstly to set the view mode. Depending on this
setting, only the associated trace types/detectors will be available under
Trace / Detector.
Table 36: Views and available detectors
View Trace Function / Explanation

type/
detector
I/Q I, Q The RF signal is represented by the components I and

Q, resulting from the complex output signal of a base-
band demodulation (I/Q demodulation).
• I data: Real part (In-phase)
• Q data: Imaginary part (Quadrature-phase)
Magnitude (Act) Value measured at the moment
(The Trace softkey is hidden)
HiRes +Peak, Detector:
Spectrogram RMS, • Maximum, average, and minimum value within a
Full -Peak compressed time and frequency interval
HiRes +Peak, Detector:
Spectrogram RMS, • Maximum, average, and minimum value within a
Zoom -Peak compressed frequency interval. The display in the
time axis is always uncompressed and at maximum
resolution.
Persistence – Value measured at the moment
Spectrum (The Trace softkey is hidden)
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To select a trace type/detector:

1. Press the View softkey and select a view.
3. Press the Trace / Detector softkey, select an item using the rotary
11.3.6 Setting the Persistence Range

I⁄Q Analyzer • View: Persistence
The number of times that different amplitude values occur at a given
frequency is represented by different colors in the Persistence Spectrum
view. The number of decades can be set from 2 to 4 decades in the Display
menu using the Persistence Range softkey. As an example, Figure 50
shows 3 decades in the range from 0.1% to 100%. A suitable value is set
automatically if you select the Auto decade setting.
 Persistence Spectrum view is selected.
2. Press the Persistence Range softkey, select a number of decades using
the rotary control, and press OK to set the selection.

The trigger function allows you to trigger a measurement when the
observed input signal meets the specified conditions. After the
measurement is triggered and the set time span has elapsed, the display is
"frozen" so you can see the signal characteristic. The Magnitude is always
used as the trigger source to which all other trigger parameters refer. A
video bandwidth can be selected to smooth signal peaks.
 See Using the trigger function on page 189.

The Auto Save function allows you to save measured values automatically
when a trigger event occurs.
 See Saving measured values automatically on page 192.
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12 Multi-Channel Power Mode
This chapter describes the Multi-Channel Power operating mode.

Following a short introduction on the use of this operating mode, this
chapter contains an overview of the different display modes and information
about the basic setting functions.
12.1 About Multi-Channel Power mode (page 206)

12.3 Using the Table view (page 209)
12.4 Using the Bar Graph view (page 212)
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12.1 About Multi-Channel Power mode

Multi-Channel Power mode is especially suitable for obtaining a quick
overview of defined frequency bands and channels. You can freely define up
to 500 channels per multi-channel table, each with its own RBW and
editable name. Simultaneous display of minimum, maximum and average
values allows you to immediately distinguish between continuous and burst
signals.

THis section describes functions that are specific to this operating mode.
Level) in chapter 6 Common Functions on page 87.
12.2.1 Selecting the display mode

Two display modes are available:
• Table (see page 209)
• Bar Graph (see page 212)
To switch the display mode:

2. Press the Views softkey.
 The Select View window opens.
3. Use the rotary control to highlight a view and press the OK key:
– Table
– Bar Graph
 The selected view will be displayed.
NOTE: Pressing the ESC key returns you to the top menu level in the measurement
screen. (Press the MENU key to return to the Main menu.)
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12.2.2 Signaling the maximum level audibly

Main Menu • Settings • Beep on new Maximum
A new maximum level can also be indicated by a beeper. To do this, you
must activate the Beep on new Maximum function in the main menu under
Settings and activate the Maximum Hold (Max) trace type.
To activate the beeper:

 See Editing device-specific settings on page 66.
12.2.3 Showing and hiding channels

You can specify the channels that are to be measured in the Select Menu.
To show or hide specific channels:

1. Press the Select Menu softkey.
 The Select menu opens.
2. Select the channels required using the rotary control and the softkeys.
You can find information on how to select items from a list under
Selecting entries from a list on page 50.
3. After you have selected the channels, press the OK key.
 The selected channels will be displayed.
12.2.4 Setting the resolution bandwidth (RBW)
Setting RBW automatically

The IDA-3106 sets the RBW automatically using the basic setting
Automatic:
Fspan  narrowest channel 

RBW  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4
This ensures that the narrowest channel to be measured is resolved finely

enough.
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Setting the RBW manually for the entire table

To set the resolution bandwidth manually:
1. Press the BW softkey.
(The largest value displayed is the only largest possible value of all
channels shown.)
NOTE: Finer resolution normally means slower measurement speed. Regardless of
the selected value, the narrowest resolution bandwidth is limited by the
narrowest channel:
Fspan  narrowest channel 

RBW  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4
Setting the RBW separately for each channel

NOTE: Separate RBWs cannot be selected unless Others = OFF.
The value selected manually on the device applies to the entire table. You
can also enter the resolution bandwidth for each channel separately using
the PC software. Refer to the online Help function of the PC software for
information on how to do this.
Tip: More information about the RBW is found in the Glossary page 267.
12.2.5 Measuring in the gaps between defined

channels (Others)
The field strengths of the channels not selected in the multi-channel table
can be measured and their overall value shown by activating the Others
function.
NOTE: Only those other channels between the first and last channels to be
measured are taken into account.
To activate and deactivate the function:

 Press the Others key until the desired status (On, Off) is displayed.
 The table view shows Others; the graphical view shows O.
Tip: The measurement can be speeded up by deactivating the Others function.
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12.3 Using the Table view

The channels and measured values are displayed as a table in the Table
view. The values displayed depend on the table type (see Changing the
table type on page 210) and from the selected trace types (see Selecting
the trace type (Trace) on page 99).
Figure 51: Table view in Multi-Channel Power mode
NOTE: Information about the status bars is found under The upper status bar on
page 45 and The lower status bar on page 46.
12.3.1 Changing the table displayed

You can make changes to the following table settings:
• Table type
• Units
• Sort order
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Changing the table type

The table below shows the measured values that are displayed depending
on the table type and the selected trace types.
NOTE: All the measurements for channels with the same name (e.g. Vodafone or T-
Mobile) are combined together in the Condensed table type.
Table 37: Table type Condensed
Index Channel Trace types, e.g. Max
These columns are A maximum of three trace types can be displayed.

displayed continuously. If more than three trace types have been selected,
you can use the keys to scroll through all of
the trace types. Arrow symbols in the navigation bar
indicate that further trace types are available and the
possible scrolling direction.
Table 38: Table type Detailed
Index Channel Fmin, RBW Trace types, e.g. Max

Fmax
These columns are RBW is only displayed Only one trace type can be
displayed continuously. if the resolution displayed.
bandwidth is selected If more than one trace type
individually using the has been selected, you can
PC software (Others = use the keys to scroll
Off). If this is not done, through all of the trace
the RBW is shown types. Arrow symbols in the
only in the lower navigation bar indicate that
status bar. further trace types are
available and the possible
scrolling direction.
To change the table type:

2. Press the Table softkey until the desired table type is shown.
3. Press the ESC key to return to the measurement menu.
Changing the displayed units

2. Press the Unit softkey.
3. Use the rotary control to select the desired sort order and press the OK
key.
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Changing the sort order

2. Press the Sort softkey.
3. Use the rotary control to select the desired sort order and press the OK
key.
 The list is re-sorted.
12.3.2 Displaying the channel power as a percentage

You can use the Distribution function to display the percentage contribution
of each channel to the overall field strength. The values are shown for the
trace type selected using the Active Trace softkey.
The sum of the individual channel powers is always 100% (=Total) for trace
type RMS. In principle, the total can deviate from 100% for the other trace
types.
To display the percentage distribution:

 The top menu level of the operating mode is displayed.
1. Press the Evaluation softkey.
2. Press the Distribution softkey.
The display now depends on the table type selected. The absolute
measured values for the selected trace are also always displayed as well as
the percentage values (Distribution).
Display for table type: Condensed:
Trace type selected using the Percentage value

Active Trace softkey
Display for table type: Detailed:
The arrow keys are used to switch between

the absolute measured value and the
percentage value.
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12.4 Using the Bar Graph view

The measured values are shown as bars in the Bar Graph view. The
selected trace types are shown as abbreviations on the right side of the
diagram and shown in the corresponding colors in the diagram. The Marker
menu is available here for evaluating the display, unlike the Table view.
Figure 52: Bar Graph view in Multi-Channel Power mode
NOTE: Information about the status bars is found under The upper status bar on
page 45 and The lower status bar on page 46.
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13 Measurement Data Memory
This chapter describes how to display measurement data and screenshots,

how to save data by condition and timer controls, and how to use the
comment function.
13.1 About the Memory menu (page 214)

13.2 Viewing and recalling data sets (page 215)
13.3 Exporting data (Export to SD Card) (page 216)
13.4 Viewing screenshots (page 217)
13.5 Replaying demodulation recordings (page 218)
13.6 Saving measured values manually (page 219)
13.8 Changing the comment modes (page 222)
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13.1 About the Memory menu

Main Menu • Memory Menu
The Memory sub menu of the Main menu contains the following functions:
• Recall or delete stored data
• Display screenshots
• Activate comment mode
• Configure automatic storage
(Time Controlled)
To open the menu:

 Switch to the Main menu and press the Memory softkey.
 The Memory menu is displayed with the stored data.
Figure 53: Memory menu
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13.2 Viewing and recalling data sets
13.2 Viewing and recalling data sets

 Press the Data Viewer softkey.
 The list of saved data sets is displayed.
Table 39: Column descriptions
Column Function / Explanation
Index Consecutive index number

Num. Number of data subsets (every saved value in a localization or a
timer or condition controlled measurement is a data subset)
Mode Operating mode saved from:
• DIR_FIND: Direction Finding
• SPECTRUM: Spectrum Analyzer
• SGRAM: Spectrum Analyzer / Spectrogram
• LEVEL: Level Meter
• SCOPE: Time Domain (Scope)
• IQ_ANLZ: I/Q Analyzer
• MCP: Multi-Channel Power
Storing Save type
• MAN: Manual (all operating modes)
• LOC: Localization (Direction Finding mode only)
Additionally for SPECTRUM, LEVEL and MCP modes:
• TIME: timer controlled storage
• AUTO: Event-controlled storage using the AUTO SAVE function
Date Date of storage
Time Time of storage
Comment Comment (if activated)
To view a data set:

 Select a data subset using the rotary control and press the
Recall Data Set softkey or the OK key.
 The data set is displayed in the form that it was saved. RECALL on
the screen indicates that the data set is a saved data set.
Tip: • You can use the softkeys to page through the list.
• You can use the softkeys to jump to the previous or next data set in
the data viewer as well as in the operating modes.
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To display and recall data subsets:

1. Select a data set with data subsets (column number > 1) using the rotary
control and then press the View Sub-Data Sets softkey.
 The data subsets are displayed.
2. Select a data subset using the rotary control and press the
Recall Data Set softkey or the OK key.
 The data subset is displayed in the form that it was saved. RECALL
on the screen indicates that the data set is a saved data set.
 The complete localization is displayed when you switch to the Map
menu.
Tip: • You can use the softkeys to jump to the previous or next data
subset without having to go back to the Memory menu.
• You can use the softkeys to jump to the previous or next data
subset if several results are saved in one data set..
To delete a data set:

 Use the rotary control to select a data set and press the Delete Data Set
softkey. You cannot delete individual data subsets.
To delete all data sets:

 Press the Delete All Data Set softkey.
13.3 Exporting data (Export to SD Card)

You can save data on the microSD memory card and transfer it from there
to a computer for further processing.
To save data to the microSD memory card:

1. Press the Data Viewer softkey, then the Export to SD Card softkey.
 The list of saved data sets is displayed.
2. Use the rotary control and softkeys to select the data sets you want to
export.
3. Press the Start Export softkey.
 The data are transferred to the microSD memory card and saved in a
folder named Export.
NOTE: You can export screenshots (png) and recordings of demodulated signals
(wav) in the same way.
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13.4 Viewing screenshots
To process the data on a computer:

1. Remove the memory card.
2. Connect the Memory Card Reader to the USB port on a computer and
insert the microSD memory card into the card reader.
 The contents will be displayed and can be further processed as
required.
13.3.1 Changing the CSV format

CSV data can be exported in the following formats:
• Decimal separator: dot, comma
• Column separator: semicolon, tab, comma
To change the format:

1. Press the CSV Export Settings softkey in the CSV Export menu.
2. Use the rotary control and the OK button to select and change a
parameter.
13.3.2 Deleting the export folder

The exported data are written into an export folder on the microSD memory
card. You can delete this folder if you want.
To delete the folder:

 Press the Delete Export Directory softkey in the CSV Export menu.
 The folder is deleted and will be created again when you next export
data.
13.4 Viewing screenshots

 Press the Screenshot Viewer softkey.
 The list of the stored screenshots is displayed.
To view a screenshot:
 Use the rotary control to select a screenshot and press the
Recall Screenshot softkey to display it.
(Press the softkeys to show the first or last entries of the list.)
 The selected screenshot is displayed.
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NOTE: Screenshots are saved without showing the softkeys.
 Press the or softkey to page through the list.

 Press ESC to return to the Screenshot Viewer menu.
To delete a screenshot:
 Use the rotary control to select a data set and press the
Delete Screenshot softkey.
To delete all screenshot:

 Press the Delete All Scr.shot softkey.
13.5 Replaying demodulation recordings

 Press the Demod. Record Viewer softkey.
 A list of recorded contents is displayed.
To replay a recording:
 Select an item using the rotary control and press the Play softkey.
 The recording is replayed.
– or –
Select an item using the rotary control and press the
Recall Demod. Record softkey.
 The recording is replayed and the data for the measurement is also
displayed.
 Press the Stop softkey to stop replaying the recording.
Tip: • You can use the softkeys to jump to the first or last item in the list.
• You can use the softkeys to jump to the previous or next data set.
To delete a recording:
 Select an item using the rotary control and press the
Delete Demod. Record softkey.
To delete all recordings:

 Press the Delete All Demod. Records softkey.
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13.6 Saving measured values manually
13.6 Saving measured values manually

To save measured values to the data logger:
 Press the SAVE button.

You can also save results automatically in the data memory instead of
pressing the SAVE key each time you want to save a result. There are two
memory functions for this purpose:
• Event triggered saving
Saving of results starts as soon as the trigger condition is met and a
measurement is triggered. Automatic storing controlled by trigger events
is only possible in Time Domain (Scope) and I⁄Q Analyzer modes.
• Timer controlled saving
Storing of data is controlled by a start time and a duration. Timer-
controlled storing is only possible in Spectrum, Level Meter and
Multi-Channel Power modes.
NOTE: The internal memory of the IDA-3106 has the capacity to store large
quantities of data. However, reading out a large number of data sets from
the instrument to a PC can take a long time. Try not to fill the data memory
too much, and carry out regular data maintenance.
13.7.1 Event triggered storing of measured values

(Scope)
NOTE: Automatic storing of measured values controlled by trigger events is only
possible in Time Domain (Scope) and I⁄Q Analyzer mode. You can find
information about this under Saving measured values automatically on
page 192.
13.7.2 Time controlled storing of measured values

(Time Controlled Storing)
Main Menu • Memory Menu • Time Controlled Storing
NOTE: Timer-controlled storing is only possible in Spectrum, Level Meter and
Multi-Channel Power modes.
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NOTE: Time controlled storing in Scope mode is started from the operating mode
itself and not from the Main menu. You can find information about this under
Using the trigger function on page 189.
For time controlled storing you specify the start time, duration, and interval
between store events in the Time Controlled Storing menu.
Figure 54: Time Controlled Storing
To save measured values by time control:

1. Select the desired operating mode and then press the MENU key to
open the Main menu.
2. Press the Memory softkey, then press the Time Controlled Storing
softkey and set the parameters:
Table 40: Time Controlled Storing parameters
Condition Function / Possible settings

Explanation
Start Date Start date You can use the date and time settings from
the IDA-3106 by pressing the
Start Time Start time
Current Date & Time softkey.
Duration Duration of Maximum 99 hours 59 minutes 59 seconds
recording
Time Interval Time interval • As often as possible
between saves • Maximum 60 minutes
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To start storing values immediately:

3. Press the Start Now softkey.
 Automatic storage is activated.
The screen displays the view of the operating mode previously
selected. The info line shows Time Controlled Storing and the
remaining recording time.
To start storing at the specified time:

4. Press the Prog Start softkey.
 The screen displays the view of the operating mode previously
selected. The info line shows Time Controlled Storing and the
remaining time until the start of recording. Storing starts when the
countdown reaches 0.
To stop storing:
 Storing stops automatically when the specified duration has elapsed. To
stop storing values before this, press the Stop softkey.
 The operating mode is again displayed normally. You can view the
stored measurement values from the Memory menu (see Viewing
and recalling data sets on page 215).
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13.8 Changing the comment modes

Main Menu • Memory • Comment
 Press the Comment softkey.
 The Comment dialog is displayed.
Comments can be added to data sets or screenshots. In both cases the
comment mode and the default comment text can be set individually.
Following table shows the available comment modes:
Table 41: Comment modes
Mode When saving a dataset or a screenshot ...
No Comment ... no comment can be added.

Standard Text ... the text saved in Standard … Text is added as a comment.
Individual Text ... the text saved in Standard … Text is displayed in the text
editor and can be edited.
Voice Comment ... a voice comment can be added
(a voice comment can only be made when saving data sets).
To change the comment mode:

1. Use the rotary control to select
Data Set Comment Mode or
Screenshot Comment Mode or
Demod. Rec. Comment Text and press OK.
2. Use the rotary control to change the mode and press OK.
To change the default comment text:

1. Use the rotary control to select
Standard Data Set Comment Text or
Standard Scr.shot Comment Text or
Standard Demod. Comment Text and press OK.
 The text editor opens.
2. Enter the default text and press OK.
 This text will be used when Standard Text is set as Comment Mode.
When Individual Text is set, the entered text is suggested in the
editor and can be complemented or overwritten.
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14 Maintenance, Repairs,
Updates
This chapter describes the maintenance and repairs that can be undertaken
by the user. It also contains information about updating the software and
enabling options.
14.1 Cleaning (page 224)

14.2 AC adapter / charger (page 224)
14.3 Updating the device software (page 225)
14.4 Activating options (page 225)
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14 Maintenance, Repairs, Updates
14.1 Cleaning
• Do not use solvents to clean the Basic Unit, the antennas, or the AC
adapter / charger. We recommend the use of lukewarm water to which a
drop of liquid detergent has been added as cleaning fluid.
• Only use a lightly moistened cloth for cleaning. Water must not get into the
device under any circumstances.
• To avoid spots and drying marks, wipe off the device while it is still damp
with a dry cloth.
14.2 AC adapter / charger

Opening the device
WARNING
Electric shock
Parts carrying dangerous voltages that can cause injury through
electric shock may be exposed if the AC adapter / charger is opened.
 The AC adapter / charger is not designed to be repaired. If it is
defective or malfunctioning, the entire device should be replaced.
 Do not open the AC adapter / charger.
Damage to the device
NOTICE
Improper repairs may change the characteristics of the AC adapter /
charger to the extent that it could be destroyed by short circuits e.g.
across creepage and air paths.
 Repairs must only be performed by qualified persons.
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14.3 Updating the device software
Spare parts
NOTICE
If constructional changes are made to the AC adapter / charger, the
safety of the device can no longer be guaranteed.
 Only use original spare parts for repairs to the AC adapter / charger.
14.3 Updating the device software

The device software is updated using the PC software. You will find
information about the PC software and about connecting the device to a PC
in chapter 15 starting on page 227.
Detailed information on how to use the PC software is provided in the online
Help function in each version of the PC software.
14.4 Activating options

Options are activated using the PC software. You will find information about
the PC software and about connecting the device to a PC in chapter 15
starting on page 227.
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14 Maintenance, Repairs, Updates
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15 PC Software
The PC software is an application for PC that allows convenient handling

and management of the IDA-3106.
15.1 PC software versions and functions (page 228)

15.2 Connecting the device to a PC (page 228)
15.3 Working with the PC software (page 229)
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15 PC Software
15.1 PC software versions and functions

The PC software IDA Tools is free and is included with the IDA-3106.
It contains the following functions:
• Download measurement data to the PC
• Download screenshots and demodulation recordings to the PC
• Create antenna, cable, and external device configurations as well as
multi-channel tables and measurement routines
• Transfer instrument configurations
• Activate options and update the device software (firmware)
NOTE: The IDA Tools CD additionally includes the latest information (ReadMe), pdf
documents (operating manuals, command references) and further auxiliary
applications.
15.2 Connecting the device to a PC

The device is configured for communication using the USB interface by
default. A suitable cable is included with the device. The IDA Tools PC
software does not support an Ethernet connection.
The IDA operates as a USB slave and can be controlled from a USB host
(PC) by means of the PC software.
 You have installed the IDA Tools PC software on your PC.
1. Connect the IDA-3106 and the PC together using the USB cable
supplied.
2. Start the IDA Tools PC software.
 The device is detected automatically.
3. If the interface configuration has been changed, set the appropriate
interface on the IDA-3106:
– Open the Settings menu (Main Menu • Settings), select the
Remote Interface command and press OK to confirm.
– Use the rotary control to select USB and press the OK key to confirm
the setting.
– or –
– Reset the settings using Main Menu • Settings • Reset Settings.
 Further information on connecting the IDA-3106 to the PC is found under
Connecting to the PC on page 232.
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15.3 Working with the PC software
15.3 Working with the PC software

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15 PC Software
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16 Remote Control
This chapter gives some basic information about remote control of the
IDA-3106 from a PC or via a network.
16.1 About remote control (page 232)

16.2 Connecting to the PC (page 232)
16.3 Connecting to the network (page 234)
16.4 Activating / deactivating remote control (page 234)
16.5 Syntax rules for remote control commands (page 236)
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16 Remote Control
16.1 About remote control

THe IDA Tools PC software is mainly intended for configuring the IDA and
for transferring saved measurement data via the USB or optical interface
(see PC Software on page 227).
Remote controlled measurements should preferably be made via the
Ethernet interface. Documentation for the remote control commands is
found on the IDA Tools CD along with some example applications.
16.2 Connecting to the PC

The connectors for the optical interface (RS 232) and the USB port (Mini B
type) are located on the left hand side panel of the device.
Neues Bild
1 2
Figure 55: Optical interface (1) and USB port (2)
The Ethernet connector is located on the right hand side panel of the device.
Figure 56: Ethernet interface (3)
The following types of connection between the IDA-3106 and the PC are
possible (cables and adapters are shown in the table below):
• USB – USB: The fastest and most used type of connection. The electrical
signals transmitted can affect the field being measured.
• Optical – USB: Slower transmission speed than USB – USB. However,
the field being measured is unaffected by the optical signals transmitted.
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16.2 Connecting to the PC
• Optical – Serial: The only connection possible for systems not equipped
with USB ports or if COM1of the PC must be used.
• Crossover network cable: Direct connection using an Ethernet network
cable. The device Ethernet interface is always activated. Use this
connection for remote controlled measurements. Static IP addresses
must be assigned to the client and server (DHCP: Off). The IDA Tools
program cannot be used via this connection.
The following cables and adapters are needed for these connection types:
IDA-3106
Link PC connector
connector
USB1)
USB USB
Cable Fiber Optic2)

Optical USB
OE Converter RP-02 to USB2)
Cable Fiber Optic2)

Optical serial
OE Converter RP-02 to serial2)
Crossover Cable3)
Ethernet Ethernet
1) Included with the device

2) Available as an option
3) Commercially available
To make the network cable connection:

1. Connect the IDA-3106 and PC together using a network cable.
2. Adjust the network settings for communication with the PC (see
Changing network settings on page 71).
To make the USB or optical interface connection:

1. Connect the IDA-3106 and PC together using one of the connection
types shown above.
2. Set the appropriate interface on the IDA-3106:
– Open the Settings menu (Main Menu • Settings), select the
Remote Interface command and press OK to confirm.
– Use the rotary control to select the interface being used on the
IDA-3106: Optical if you are using the optical cable, USB if you are
using a USB cable.
– Press OK to confirm the setting.
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16 Remote Control
3. Start the application for controlling and managing the PC interface and
set the following interface parameters:
Parameter Setting
COM Port Optical or USB, as selected by connection made (item 1 above)

Baud rate 115200 Baud
Start bits 1
Data bits 8
Stop bits 1
Parity None
Handshake None (the IDA-3106 does not support any software handshake)
16.3 Connecting to the network

There is an Ethernet connector (100BaseT) located on the right hand side
panel of the device for connecting it to a network.
To make the connection to the network:

1. Connect the IDA to the network using a commercially available network
cable.
2. Adjust the network settings to match the network properties (see
Changing network settings on page 71).
 The device can be remotely controlled via the network.
16.4 Activating / deactivating remote control

To activate remote control:
 Transmit the command REMOTE ON;
 The IDA-3106 switches to remote controlled operation.
 The screen display switches off.
 The keypad is disbled.
To deactivate remote control:

 Transmit the command REMOTE OFF;
 Remote control is deactivated.
 The screen display switches on.
 The keypad is enabled once more.
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16.4 Activating / deactivating remote control
16.4.1 Solving problems

If the IDA-3106 does not switch to remote controlled operation, check the
following items:
• Is the IDA-3106 set to the correct interface: Optical, USB
(Main Menu • Settings: Remote Interface)?
• Have you used the correct remote control cable (see Connecting the
device to a PC on page 228) and is the cable OK?
• Do the interface parameters on the PC and the IDA-3106 match
(see Connecting to the PC on page 232)?
• Was the command REMOTE ON; transmitted correctly (Response = 0)?
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16 Remote Control
16.5 Syntax rules for remote control

commands
16.5.1 Commands to the IDA-3106

The following types of command can be transmitted to the IDA-3106:
• GET: gets information about the actual settings of the IDA-3106
• SET: changes a setting on the IDA-3106
Remote control syntax is based on ASCII strings. The command interpreter
does not distinguish between upper and lower case characters
(Command [Parameter_1]; = COMMAND [Parameter_1];). For clarity,
some commands contain underline characters (e.g. F_MIN, BI_VALUE).
Rules for GET commands

• Each GET command comprises a command string and a question mark:
Command ?;
• No distinction is made between upper and lower case characters:
Command ?; = COMMAND ?;
• Each GET command must end with a semicolon (;).
Rules for SET commands

• Each SET command comprises a command string and a specific number
of parameters: Command [Parameter_1],...,[Parameter_n];
• The command must be separated from the parameters by one or more
spaces.
• Parameters must be separated from each other by a comma.
• /LF can be used optionally as a separator between parameters.
• The command string must not contain a question mark (?). Also, the
command string must not contain the characters /DC1 and /DC3 for
sequence control.
• The command must end with a semicolon (;).
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16.5 Syntax rules for remote control commands
16.5.2 IDA-3106 responses

• The IDA-3106 initially responds to a GET command with /CR followed by
the value of the requested parameter and an error code:
– 0 = transmission correct
– xxx (error code) = transmission error
The value and code are separated by a comma, and the response ends
with a semicolon (;): [Value],0;
• The IDA-3106 inserts /CR after a certain number of commas in long
responses in order to force a new line.
• The IDA-3106 also responds to a SET command with /CR and an error
code (normally "0"). The response ends with a semicolon (;). In this way
you can also check if the communication is working properly with SET
commands.
16.5.3 Example of a command sequence

Command (PC) Response Function / Explanation
(IDA-3106)
Remote ON; Activate remote control

0; No error
Remote ?; Query: is remote control activated?
ON,0; Remote control is activated,
no error
Mode SPECTRUM; Set operating mode to SPECTRUM
0; No error
Mode?;
SPECTRUM, Operating mode is SPECTRUM,
0; no error
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16 Remote Control
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17 Specifications
The specifications of the IDA-3106 Basic Unit and the available antennas
are listed in this chapter.
All specifications are subject to change without prior notice.
17.1 Definitions and conditions (page 240)

17.2 IDA-3106 Basic Unit (page 241)
17.3 Operating modes (page 244)
17.4 Antenna handle and antennas (page 249)
17.5 Declaration of Conformity (page 254)
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17 Specifications
17.1 Definitions and conditions

Conditions
Unless otherwise noted, specifications apply after 30 minutes warm-up time
within the specified environmental conditions.
Specifications with limits

These describe product performance for the given parameter covered by
warranty. Specifications with limits (marked as <, , >, , ±, max., min.)
apply under the given conditions for the product and are tested during
production taking measurement uncertainty into account.
Specifications without limits

These describe product performance for the given parameter covered by
warranty. Specifications without limits represent values with negligible
deviations which are ensured by design (e.g. dimensions or resolution of a
setting parameter).
Typical values (typ.)

These characterize product performance for the given parameter that is not
covered by warranty. Typical values stated as a range or as a limit (marked
as <, , >, , ±, max., min.) represent the performance met by approximately
80% of the instruments. Otherwise, the mean value is given. The
measurement uncertainty is not taken into account.
Nominal values (nom.)

These characterize expected product performance for the given parameter
that is not covered by warranty. Nominal values are verified during product
development but are not tested during production.
Uncertainties
These characterize an interval for a given measurand estimated to have a
level of confidence of approximately 95 percent. Uncertainty is stated as the
standard uncertainty multiplied by the coverage factor k = 2 based on the
normal distribution. The evaluation has been carried out in accordance with
the rules of the “Guide of the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement”
(GUM).
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17.2 IDA-3106 Basic Unit

RF data are valid in the temperature range of 20 °C to 26 °C and a relative
humidity between 25 % and 75 %.
17.2.1 Frequency
Frequency range 9 kHz to 6 GHz
Phase noise (SSB) TBD
Reference frequency • Initial deviation: < 1 ppm
• Aging: < 1 ppm/year, < 5 ppm over 15 years
• Thermal drift: < 1.5 ppm (-10 °C to +50 °C)
17.2.2 Amplitude
Display range From Displayed Average Noise Level (DANL) to +20 dBm
Reference level (RL) -30 dBm to +20 dBm in steps of 1 dB
RF Input attenuation 0 to 50 dB in steps of 1 dB (coupled with reference level)
Reference level setting Set individually from a list or using the RL Search function for
determining the optimum reference level at a given time
Level uncertainty  1.2 dB (15 °C to 30 °C) valid for Spectrum Analysis and
Multi-channel Power modes
Displayed Average Noise • f  30 MHz: < -160 dBm/Hz (noise figure < 14 dB)
Level (DANL) Basic unit • f  2 GHz: < -156 dBm/Hz (noise figure < 18 dB)
only 1) • f  4 GHz: < -155 dBm/Hz (noise figure < 19 dB)
• f  6 GHz: < -150 dBm/Hz (noise figure < 24 dB)
Displayed Average Noise • f  3 GHz: < -167 dBm/Hz (noise figure 7 dB)
Level (DANL) in conjunction • f  4 GHz: < -166 dBm/Hz (noise figure < 8 dB)
with Active Antenna Handle, • f  6 GHz: < -164 dBm/Hz (noise figure 10 dB)
preamp on, (typ.)1)
3rd order intermodulation < -60 dBc for two single tones with a level of 6 dB below RL,
spaced by 1 MHz or more
Spurious responses < -60 dBc or RL -60 dB (whichever is worse)
(input related) and a carrier offset of 1 MHz or more
Spurious responses < -90 dBm (RL= -30 dBm, input attenuation = 0 dB)
(residual)
1) RL = -30 dBm (input attenuation = 0 dB)
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17 Specifications
17.2.3 RF input
Type N-Connector, 50 , female
Maximum RF power level +27 dBm (destruction limit)
Maximum DC voltage 50 V
Return loss 1) • > 12 dB (typ.), f  4.5 GHz
• > 10 dB (typ.), f > 4.5 GHz
1) RL -28 dBm (input attenuation  2 dB)
17.2.4 General specifications

Display •
Type: TFT color display with backlight
•
Size, resolution: 7 inch (152 mm x 91 mm), 800 x 480 pixels
Interface •
Ethernet (100BaseT), IDA 2 only, 3106/02
•
USB mini B (USB 2.0)
•
Optical RS232 (Baud rate 115 200)
•
Earphone 3.5 mm TRS, switches off the integrated speaker
when connected
• microSD card interface for maps and export of measurement
data, screenshots and WAV
Antenna detection Narda Directional Antennas are automatically detected (type,
polarization, consideration of typical antenna factors, preamp gain
and frequency response).
For other antennas parameters can be defined and selected
manually.
Cables and external devices Narda RF cables are automatically detected (type, frequency
response and more)
Other cables and external devices (e.g. filters) can be defined and
selected manually.
Units • dBm, dBV, dBmV, dBµV
• With Antenna, additionally: V/m, A/m, W/m², mW/cm², dBV/m,
dBmV/m, dBA/m, dBµV/m
Display functions • Y-scale reference: -130 dBm to 40 dBm
• Y-scale range: 20 dB, 40 dB, 60 dB, 80 dB, 100 dB, 120 dB
• Y-scale auto: automatic scaling
• Screen arrangement: info bar, status bars on/off
• Immunity at least 200 V/m
• Spectrogram
Marker functions For graphical analysis of Spectrum, Spectrogram, Scope, MCP
Bar Graph
• Single marker or Delta marker
• Peak Marker: Highest, next, left, right. Adjustable peak
threshold and excursion.
• Peak Tracking function
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Demodulation • Modulation Types: AM, FM, LSB, USB, CW

selectable in operating modes Spectrum, Level and Direction
Finding (see Scope mode for details on I/Q demodulation)
• Representation: Instrument speaker or external earphone
• Squelch: -120 dB to -40 dB nominal, Off
• Recording: 16 kHz/16 bit wave file recording (WAV)
Setups Up to 200 complete device configurations can be saved in the
basic unit; can be uploaded and downloaded using IDA-3106
Tools software.
Storing
Format Result can be stored as a screenshot (in png format) or as ASCII
data sets for further evaluation and import into e.g. MS-Excel
Event Controlled Storing Auto Save function for up to 500 triggered events in
Time Domain (Scope) and I⁄Q Analyzer mode
Time Controlled Storing • Timer controlled storage of results for long term monitoring
(only Spectrum, Level Meter and Multi-Channel Power) start
date, start time and duration: resolution one second.
• Duration maximum 99 hours
• Storage rate settable to every 6 s, 12 s, 18 s, 30 s, 1 min, 2 min,
3 min, 5 min, 6 min, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 30 min, 60 min
Memory capacity 128 MB internal memory to store up to 8000 spectra,
4000 screen shots
Operating temperature range • -10 °C to +50 °C during normal operation
• 0 °C to +40 °C when charging
Compliance
Climatic • Storage: 1K3 (IEC 60721-3) extended to -10 °C to +50 °C
• Transport: 2K4 (IEC 60721-3) restricted -30°C to + 70°C due to
display
• Operating: 7K2 (IEC 60721-3) extended to -10 °C to +50 °C
Mechanical • Storage: 1M3 (IEC 60721-3)
• Transport: 2M3 (IEC 60721-3)
• Operating: 7M3 (IEC 60721-3)
EMC • Complies with EMC Directive 2004/108/EC and
IEC/EN 61326 -1: 2006
• Immunity: IEC/EN: 61000-4-2, 61000-4-3, 61000-4-4,
61000-4-5, 61000-4-6, 61000-4-11
Immunity at least 200 V/m
(RF input power limited to permissible values)
• Emissions: IEC/EN: 61000-3-2, 61000-3-3,
IEC/EN 55011 (CISPR 11) Class B
Ingress protection • IP 52 (with antenna attached and interface protector closed)
• IP 67 (stored in the hardcase)
Safety Complies with European Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC and
IEC/EN 61010-1: 2004
Air humidity < 29 g/m3 (< 93 % RH at +30 °C)
(operating range) RF
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17 Specifications
Weight 2.8 kg / 6.2 lbs (basic unit including rechargeable battery)

Dimensions (H x W x D) 213 mm x 297 mm x 77 mm (8.4" x 11.7" x 3.0")
Power supply Rechargeable battery
• Lithium-Ion rechargeable battery pack,
“hot-swappable” during operation
• operating time: 3 hours (nominal)
• charging time: 5.5 hours (nominal)
External power supply
• Input: 9 to 15 VDC
• Adapter: 100 – 240 VAC / 12 V DC, 2.5 A
Recommended calibration 24 months
interval
Country of origin Germany
17.3 Operating modes
17.3.1 Overview
Measurements vs. • Spectrum Analysis (including Spectrogram)
frequency • Multi-Channel Power
Measurements vs. • Level Meter
time • Time Domain (Scope) (option)
• I⁄Q Analyzer (option)
Measurement vs. • Direction Finding
orientation/position including Horizontal Scan and Localization
17.3.2 Direction Finding

Measurement principle Selective level measurement at a selectable frequency
from 9 kHz to 6 GHz.
Possible parameters and settings as specified under
Level Meter.
Antenna direction indication Numerical display of Azimuth, Elevation and Polarization
determined by the embedded electronic compass of the antenna
handle.
Position indication
Outdoor Instrument position displayed as latitude and longitude
(GPS WGS84) determined by the embedded GPS receiver of the
basic unit.
Optional:
Graphical indication of the current position drawn on a map.
244 IDA-3106 Narda

Indoor Instrument position set manually on an editable rectangular room

layout.
Detector Peak or RMS detection
RMS averaging time: selectable, 0.12 s to 30 min
Peak hold time: 480 ms
Display modes
Manual Bearing Bar graph and numerical display of the signal level and indication
of the direction.
Horizontal Scan Polar diagram of the signal level vs. antenna orientation,
normalized to the maximum signal. Automatic direction finding and
indication.
Map Graphical indication of the triangulation results for all
measurement positions. Accepts measurements being performed
by Manual Bearing or Horizontal Scan. Display of the estimated
emitter coordinates, optional drawn on a map (Option Mapping).
Horizontal Scan
Continuous Every 120 ms the polar diagram is updated with the current signal
level and compass data. Start and Stop is initiated by key press on
the antenna handle. The duration of a scan is limited to a
maximum of 4 min. The target azimuth is calculated automatically.
Discrete For every key press on the antenna handle the polar diagram is
updated with the current signal level and compass data. At least
3 samples are required for calculating the target azimuth (up to
2000 samples are possible). Useful for longer averaging times.
Discrete with Max Hold Same as for Discrete but using the highest measured values for
direction finding, ideal for intermittent signals.
Map - Average Position Shows the vector of target azimuth related to the measurement
position.
Triangulation results based on several vectors will be calculated
and the geo coordinates of the potential transmitter position will be
displayed. Coordinates are referenced to the WGS84 geodetic
datum. Signal fading vs. distance can be taken into account for
target position calculation. Remotely determined vector data can
be added by manual entry.
Transmitter Table Used to simplify frequency settings and speed up finding multiple
sources transmitting at different frequencies. Tables can be
created on-site and include Fcent, CBW, Polarization and Antenna
model.
Map View Display of high-resolution street maps in various zoom levels.
with Option Mapping OpenStreetMap bitmap files can be downloaded from internet free
of charge using the Narda Map Download Tool. Map data are
stored on microSD card and then plugged into the IDA card slot for
portable use.
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17 Specifications
17.3.3 Spectrum Analysis

Measurement principle Spectrum analysis
Resolution bandwidth RBW, 10 Hz to 20 MHz (1-2-3-5 steps)
(-3 dB nominal)
Video bandwidth VBW and • 0.2 Hz to 2 MHz (1-2-3-5 steps) or off
RMS detection Coupled with selected RBW (VBW = RBW/10 … RBW/1000)
• RMS detection: The effective integration time for forming the
RMS value can be defined as T  0.32/VBW.
Filter • Type: Gaussian
• Shape factor (-60 dB/-3 dB): 3.8 typical
Trace • Act: Displays instantaneous (actual) spectrum
• Max: Maximum hold function
• Avg: Average over a selectable number of spectra
(4 to 256) or a selectable time period of 1 to 30 min.
• Min: Minimum hold function
• Ref: Reference Trace stored by the user for comparing
spectrums or for Delta Spectrum view
Measurement functions • Spectrum: graph, peak table, channel power
• Delta Spectrum: displays the selected Traces relative to the
Reference Trace (Ref)
• Spectrogram
• Spectrogram & Spectrum
Spectrogram time axis • Up to 400 traces (spectrogram lines) can be captured
• Frequency resolution of Fspan/860
• Observation length: app. 4 s up to 40 hours
• Time resolution: as fast as possible, 10 ms, 20 ms, 50 ms,
100 ms, 200 ms, 500 ms, 1 s, 2 s, 5 s, 10 s, 20 s, 50 s, 1 min,
2 min, 5 min or 6 min
Spectrogram detection RMS, +Peak, -Peak
Magnifier (Graphical Zoom) • Simultaneous display of the selected spectrum and an enlarged
view of the section of interest
• Magnification level of 10 x and 50 x
17.3.4 Level Meter

from 9 kHz to 6 GHz
Detector • Peak (holding time 480 ms)
• Root mean square value (RMS), average time selectable from
120 ms up to 30 min
Channel bandwidth CBW, 100 Hz to 32 MHz
(-6 dB) In steps of
100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 320, 400, 500, 640, 800, 1000 Hz, …,
10 MHz, 13.33 MHz, 16 MHz, 20 MHz, 26.67 MHz, 32 MHz
246 IDA-3106 Narda

Filter • Type: Steep cut-off channel filter (app. raised cosine)

• Roll-off factor: 0.16
Video bandwidth (VBW) 0.01 Hz to 32 MHz or off,
Coupled with selected CBW (VBW = CBW/1 … CBW/10000)
Max Hold Available for Peak and RMS detectors
Noise threshold Selectable at 0, 3, 6, 10, 15, or 20 dB relative to device noise floor.
Measurement values below the threshold are shown as
"< absolute threshold value".
17.3.5 Time Domain (Scope) – Option

from 9 kHz to 6 GHz
(-6 dB nominal) In steps of
100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 320, 400, 500, 640, 800, 1000 Hz,…
Video bandwidth (VBW) 0.01 Hz to 32 MHz or off
Measurement
High Resolution Scope • Measures the actual magnitude, max. 250000 samples
• Time resolution coupled to 1/CBW (31.25 ns to 10 ms)
Long-Time Scope • Uses selectable detectors to measure the magnitude
• Time Span 4 µs to 24 h (resolution 250 ns)
Detector +Peak, RMS, -Peak can be selected individually for Long-Time
Scope
Evaluation functions Duty cycle (ratio of average power to maximum power) including
Time Domain Power
Triggering • Free run, single, multiple, time controlled
• Programmable trigger level, trigger slope and trigger delay
Magnifier (Graphical Zoom) • Simultaneous display of the selected trace and an enlarged view
of the section of interest
• Magnification level of 25 x and 500 x for High Resolution Scope
and 10 x and 50 x for Long-Time Scope
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17 Specifications
17.3.6 I⁄Q Analyzer – Option

Measurement principle Selective level measurement at a selectable frequency from
9 kHz to 6 GHz with I/Q demodulation and subsequent FFT
Fast Fourier Transformation • FFT points selectable: 256, 512, 1024, 2048
(FFT) • FFT window overlap selectable: 50 %, 75 %, 87.5 %
• FFT window type: Nuttall filter
(-6 dB nominal) In steps of
100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 320, 400, 500, 640, 800, 1000 Hz,…
Video bandwidth (VBW) • 0.01 Hz to 32 MHz or off
• Only affects the magnitude measurement and is useful for
triggering
Measurement Views
I/Q (Time Domain) • Measures the real and/or imaginary part of the signal I, Q (max.
250000 samples each)
Magnitude (Time Domain) • Measures the actual magnitude, max. 250000 samples
High Resolution Spectrogram • Gapless spectrogram with a time resolution up to 1 µs
(Frequency Domain) • Up to 7805 spectrums can be displayed
• Fspan = CBW x 0.8 (< 22 MHz)
Persistence Spectrum • Indicates by colors how often an amplitude value is present for a
(Frequency Domain) specific frequency
• Persistence range selectable: 2 to 4 decades or Auto
Four decades correspond to 0.01 – 100 %
Triggering • Free run, single, multiple, time controlled
• Programmable trigger level, trigger slope and trigger delay
Magnifier (Graphical Zoom) • Simultaneous display of the selected trace and an enlarged view
of the section of interest for I/Q and Magnitude
• Magnification level of 25 x and 500 x
I/Q Streaming • Remote controlled data streaming is provided via Ethernet
(only IDA 2, 3106/02) • Gapless data streaming for CBW settings from 100 Hz to
400 kHz
• Blockwise data transfer for all CBW settings
248 IDA-3106 Narda

17.4 Antenna handle and antennas
17.3.7 Multi-Channel Power

Measurement principle Spectrum analysis, followed by Channel Power evaluation
Number of channels 1 to 500, to be defined on instrument or by IDA Tools PC software
Channel band width CBW, Individually selectable for each channel, from 40 Hz to 6 GHz
(-3 dB nominal)
Roll-off factor < 4 x RBW / CBW
Applied RBW • Automatic: Frequency range of channel divided by 4 but not
more than 20 MHz.
• Manually: Can be set in the range of available RBWs of
spectrum analysis, but not more than CBW of channel
divided by 4.
• Individual: separately defined for each individual service
minimum service bandwidth divided by 4 (Other needs to be off)
Name of channel • User definable, maximum 15 characters
• Automatic creation of communication channel lists by PC
software. Channel name is assigned automatically.
Detection Root mean square value (RMS), integration time = 1 / RBW
Trace, RBW See spectrum analysis mode
Display: Table view • Channel name, corresponding frequency band, measurement
result, RBW if set individually for each channel.
• Sort function according to columns.
Display: Bar graph view Bar graph for measurement result of each channel.
Noise threshold • Selectable at 0, 3, 6, 10, 15, or 20 dB relative to device noise
floor.
• Measurement values below the threshold are shown as
"< absolute threshold value".
17.4.1 Antenna handle

Frequency range • 9 kHz to 6 GHz
• Frequency response correction is applied automatically when
used in conjunction with the IDA basic unit.
Preamplifier • Built in, can be switched off
• Amplification 20 dB, noise figure < 6 dB
Compass • Embedded electronic compass,
Azimuth uncertainty < 1.5° RMS (typ.) for tilt < 15°
• Pitch- and roll uncertainty < 3° RMS (typ.) in the range of 30°
(RMS means the standard deviation of the specified error)
Connection cable to RF cable and control cable combined in a flexible tube,
IDA basic unit length of 1 meter
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17 Specifications
RF connector to basic unit N-connector, male, 50 

RF connector to Narda BMA 50 , (female on handle side)
directional antennas
Antenna connectivity Narda antennas can be plugged in with horizontal and vertical
polarization. Type of antenna and polarization detected
automatically and transferred to basic unit.
Power supply From basic unit
Mounting Connecting thread on the underside of the handle for tripod
mounting.
17.4.2 Directional Antenna 1 (3100/11)

Frequency range 20 MHz to 250 MHz
Typical antenna factor correction is applied automatically when
used in conjunction with the IDA basic unit and Narda Active
Antenna Handle
Antenna type Loop antenna
Antenna factor 21 dB (1/m) typical @ 200 MHz

Frequency range 200 MHz to 500 MHz
Antenna Handle
Antenna type Dipole antenna
Antenna factor 21 dB (1/m) typical @ 350 MHz

Frequency range 400 MHz to 6 GHz
Antenna Handle
Antenna type Log-periodic antenna
Antenna factor 18.5 dB (1/m) typical @ 500 MHz
250 IDA-3106 Narda

17.4.5 Loop Antenna, H field (3100/14)

Frequency range 9 kHz to 30 MHz
Antenna Handle
Antenna type Shielded loop antenna
Antenna factor 66.0 dB (1/m) typical @ 100 kHz
47.5 dB (1/m) typical @ 1 MHz
42.0 dB (1/m) typical @ f > 10 MHz
17.4.6 General specifications

Operating temperature range -10 °C to +50 °C
Compliance
Climatic • Storage: 1K3 (IEC 60721-3) extended to -10 °C to +50 °C
• Transport: 2K4 (IEC 60721-3)
• Operating: 7K2 (IEC 60721-3) extended to -10 °C to +50 °C
Mechanical • Storage: 1M3 (IEC 60721-3)
• Transport: 2M3 (IEC 60721-3)
• Operating: 7M3 (IEC 60721-3)
EMC • Complies with EMC Directive 2004/108/EC and
IEC/EN 61326 -1: 2006
• Immunity: IEC/EN: 61000-4-2, 61000-4-3, 61000-4-4,
61000-4-5, 61000-4-6, 61000-4-11
Immunity at least 100 V/m for the handle with antenna (limited
by the max. permissible field for the antennas, Preamp: Off)
• Emissions: IEC/EN: 61000-3-2, 61000-3-3,
IEC/EN 55011 (CISPR 11) Class B
Safety Complies with European Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC and
IEC/EN 61010-1: 2004
Air humidity < 29 g/m3 (< 93 % RH at +30 °C)
Dimensions, weight
Active Antenna Handle Length: 165 mm, width: 165 mm, height: 43 mm
(dimensions without cable) Weight: 470 g / 1.04 lbs
Directional Antenna 1 Length: 325 mm, width: 255 mm, height: 80 mm
Weight: 400 g / 0.88 lbs
Loop Antenna 3100/14 Length: 430 mm, width: 370 mm, height: 42 mm
Country of origin Germany
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17 Specifications
17.4.7 Antenna factors (typical)
252 IDA-3106 Narda

17.4.8 Antenna characteristics (typical)
Figure 57: The directional characteristics shown apply for a Horizontal Scan and
vertical (V) or horizontal (H) polarization.
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17 Specifications
17.5 Declaration of Conformity
254 IDA-3106 Narda

17.5 Declaration of Conformity
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17 Specifications
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18 Annex
This chapter describes how to use a directional antenna properly.
18.1 Holding and panning the directional antenna properly

(page 258)
18.2 Determining the polarization plane (page 261)
18.3 Horizontal Scan in practice (page 261)
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18 Annex
18.1 Holding and panning the directional

antenna properly
Proper use of the antenna is a major factor in obtaining reliable
measurement results. Correctly holding the antenna and panning it (turning
it about the directional axis or azimuth) prevents inaccuracies in the
measurement and achieves reproducible results.
18.1.1 Proper holding

There is a position sensor built in to the antenna handle as well as the
electronic compass. The sensor measures the elevation angle and the
polarization angle of the antenna. While the elevation and polarization can
provide important information for determining the direction of the signal
source when taking bearings manually (Manual Bearing), the elevation and
polarization angles need to be kept constant during panning when
performing a Horizontal Scan. The polarization and elevation angles should
be as close to 0° as possible.
Figure 58: Correct alignment of the antenna for Horizontal Scan:

a = azimuth
b = polarization
c = elevation
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18.1 Holding and panning the directional antenna properly
Visual check (Azimuth uncertain)

The elevation and polarization are monitored continuously during a
Horizontal Scan. If an angle of 15° is exceeded, the display indicates
Azimuth uncertain to warn you that the bearing result may be impaired.
Figure 59: Azimuth uncertain indicates that the antenna is not being held properly.
In this example, the elevation angle is much too high at 18.5°.
Audible check (Tone Search)

In addition to the Azimuth uncertain indicator, you can activate an audible
check (Tone Search) similar to the park distance control system in an
automobile. Deviations from the ideal central position are signaled by an
intermittent tone that changes to a continuous tone as the angle increases.
• ±7.5° to ±15°: intermittent sound
•  15° and  -15°: continuous sound
To activate tone search:

 The Direction Finding menu is selected.
1. Press the Audio softkey, then press the Tone Search softkey.
2. Select Leveling using the rotary control and press OK to confirm.
 Tone Search is activated.
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18 Annex
18.1.2 Panning speed

To ensure that reliable results are obtained for a Horizontal Scan, the
antenna must be slowly and steadily panned as well as being kept
horizontal. As a general rule, panning through 360° should take at least
20 seconds (AVG of 0.48 s). If you pan the antenna too quickly, the bearing
will be falsified by the averaging time and deviations between the signal level
and the corresponding compass data. Ideally, panning should be in a
smooth line without interruptions. In the same way as when the elevation
and polarization angles are exceeded, Azimuth uncertain is displayed to
indicate that the result is too inaccurate if you pan the antenna too quickly.
Figure 60: Panning was too fast. There are large gaps between the blue
measurement points, so the display shows Azimuth uncertain.
Figure 61: Panning was slow and steady. The blue measurement points are close
together over the entire measurement curve.
NOTE: A new measured value is recorded and displayed on the polar diagram
every 120 ms in Horizontal Scan Continuous mode. This represents 167
values spaced less than 0.5° apart in a full rotation (360°) taking
20 seconds.
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18.2 Determining the polarization plane
18.2 Determining the polarization plane

You should determine the correct polarization plane before you take
bearings on transmitters and record measurement values. This will give you
more exact values and more reliable results. The measuring system cannot
warn you that the polarization plane is incorrect because this only results in
a reduction of the signal level.
To determine the correct polarization plane:

1. Pan the antenna until the signal maximum is displayed.
2. Tip the antenna by 90°: The maximum signal strength is displayed when
the polarization is correct.
3. If necessary, change the position of the antenna module in the holder.
18.3 Horizontal Scan in practice

A Horizontal Scan results in a polar diagram that displays the measured
signal strength over a 360° angle. In the ideal situation, i.e. a transmitter of
constant output power level without any reflections, the polar diagram would
show the directional characteristics of the antenna. In such cases, the
bearing can be determined very easily from the signal maximum.
Figure 62: Ideal Horizontal Scan situation: The polar diagram shows the directional
characteristic of the antenna. Interpretation is easy; the bearing of the
signal source can be determined without problems.
In reality, a large number of reflections are superimposed on the actual

signal, making the polar diagram difficult to interpret. Such reflections occur
due to natural changes in ground level, large metal objects such as vehicles,
and street canyons. In most cases, though, automatic evaluation of the polar
diagram to determine the bearing will lead to the correct result.
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18 Annex
In particularly complex situations it is possible that the automatic evaluation

will not give any plausible results. You can intervene at any time and correct
the bearing manually, however (see Horizontal Scan and manual
determination on page 136).
Figure 63: Multiple reflections make interpretation of the polar diagram difficult: The
calculated bearing (arrow pointing upwards) seems plausible in view of
the shape and level.
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19 Ordering Information
This chapter contains the ordering information for the IDA-3106, antennas
and accessories.
All specifications are subject to change without prior notice.
19.1 IDA Set with Antennas (page 264)

19.2 IDA Basic Unit (page 264)
19.3 Options (page 265)
19.4 Antennas (page 265)
19.5 Accessories (page 266)
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19.1 IDA Set with Antennas

IDA-3106 Interference Analyzer Order number
Set with 20 MHz – 6 GHz Antennas
IDA-3106 Basic Unit 3106/202
Active Antenna Handle
Directional Antenna 1, 20 MHz – 250 MHz
Directional Antenna 2, 200 MHz – 500 MHz
Directional Antenna 3, 400 MHz – 6 GHz
Arm Support
Headphone, 3.5 mm Plug
Carrying Strap for IDA
Power Supply 12 VDC, 100 V – 240 VAC
Cable, USB 2.0, A/B mini, 1.8m
Configuration Software
Memory-Card Reader, microSD / USB
Operating Manual IDA-3106, English
Hardcase for IDA Sets
Calibration Reports (Basic Unit and Handle)
19.2 IDA Basic Unit

IDA-3106 Interference Analyzer Order number
Basic Unit Set
IDA-3106 Basic Unit 3106/201
Power Supply 12 VDC, 100 V – 240 VAC
Cable, USB 2.0, A/B mini, 1.8m
Configuration Software
Operating Manual IDA-3106, English
Calibration Report
264 IDA-3106 Narda

19.3 Options
19.3 Options
Order number
Mapping 3100/95.01
Scope and I/Q Analyzer 3100/95.02
19.4 Antennas
Order number
Active Antenna Handle (Calibration Report included) 3100/10

Directional Antenna 1, 20 MHz – 250 MHz 3100/11
Directional Antenna 2, 200 MHz – 500 MHz 3100/12
Directional Antenna 3, 400 MHz – 6 GHz 3100/13
Loop Antenna, H Field, 9 kHz – 30 MHz 3100/14
Antenna Adapter, N Male 3100/15
Arm Support (for Active Antenna Handle) 3100/90.10
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19.5 Accessories
Order number
Battery Pack, Rechargeable, 7V / 6200 mAh 3001/90.15

(one is included with each IDA Basic Unit)
Charger Set for Battery Pack, External 3001/90.07
Power Supply DC Vehicle Adapter 2260/90.56
Protective Soft Carrying Bag for IDA-3106 Basic Unit 3001/90.13
Hardcase for IDA Sets (included in Set 3106/202) 3100/90.01
Headphone, 3.5mm Plug (included in Set 3106/202) 3100/90.11
Carrying Strap for IDA (included in Set 3106/202) 3100/90.12
Memory Card, microSD 8GB 3100/90.13
(one is included with each IDA Basic Unit)
Memory-Card Reader, microSD / USB 3100/90.15
(included in Set 3106/201/202)
O/E Converter USB, RP-02/USB 2260/90.07
Cable, FO Duplex (1000 µm), RP-02, 20 m 2260/91.03
RF-Cable, 9 kHz – 6 GHz, N 50 ohm, 1.5 m 3602/01
RF-Cable, 9 kHz – 6 GHz, N 50 ohm, 5 m 3602/02
Tripod, Non-Conductive, 1.65 m, with Carrying Bag 2244/90.31
Operating Manual IDA-3106, German 3106/98.01
266 IDA-3106 Narda

20 Glossary
The meanings of terms and abbreviations are explained in this chapter.
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20 Glossary
Term or Meaning Function / Explanation

Abbreviation
AM Amplitude modulation Modulation method (used for radio

broadcasting, for example).
Atten Attenuator Attenuators are used to adjust signal levels. A
Attenuator high measurement dynamic range can be
achieved in a signal analyzer by correctly
choosing the input attenuation. The finely
spaced setting for the IDA-3106 is coupled with
the reference level RL setting.
BFO Beat Frequency Oscillator The beat frequency oscillator is used to correct
Beat Frequency Oscillator the frequency offset of a demodulated signal.
This is particularly useful for carrierless single
sideband modulated signals (LSB, USB) where
there is no exact frequency reference.
BW Bandwidth The bandwidth is the width of the frequency
spectrum used to transmit data.
CBW Channel bandwidth Steep edged channel filters that give a high
Channel bandwidth degree of channel separation are used to select
individual channels.
CW Continuous wave Constant signal characterized by constant
Continuous wave amplitude and frequency. Can be selected as
the demodulation type for clocked carrier
signals (Morse signals).
Detector Detector A detector captures the measured values, e.g.
as peak values (+Peak, -Peak) or average
values (RMS). Detectors are mostly used to
compress the data, i.e. the number of data
points is reduced.
DGPS Differential GPS Method of increasing the accuracy of GPS
navigation by transmitting correction data (path
and time system).
DVB-T Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial digital transmission of television
Terrestrial signals.
Fcent Center frequency Center frequency in a frequency range. Also
called the tuning frequency of a receiver or for
receiving the signals from individual channels.
FM Frequency modulation Modulation method.
Fmax/Fstop Upper limit frequency Highest frequency in a frequency range.
Fmin/Fstart Lower limit frequency Lowest frequency in a frequency range.
Fspan Frequency span (range) Frequency band centered about the center
frequency Fcent.
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19.5 Accessories

Abbreviation
Full Span Full bandwidth All frequency values set using Fcent/Fspan or
Fstart/Fstop are reset to the maximum
possible frequency range that is defined by the
antenna connected, by the cable used, or by the
IDA-3106 itself.
GPS Global Positioning System The global positioning system is a satellite
Global positioning system navigation system developed by the US Ministry
of Defense that is used to determine positions
and to measure time throughout the world.
GPRS General Packet Radio Packet-switched service used for data
Service communications in GSM networks.
GSM Global System for Mobile Standard for fully digital mobile
Communications telecommunications networks; mainly used for
telephony but also used for circuit- and packet-
switched data communications.
I/Q data – Recording an I/Q demodulated signal enables
the reconstruction and analysis of signal
characteristics of any complexity. The RF signal
is represented by the components I and Q,
resulting from the complex output signal of a
base-band demodulation (I/Q demodulation).
• I data: Real part (In-phase)
• Q data: Imaginary part (Quadrature-phase)
LSB Lower Side Band The lower of the two sidebands that occur
Lower side band through amplitude modulation.
Magnetic Magnetic declination Describes the angle between the geographic

Declination (true) and the magnetic North and is used to
correct the compass reading at a given location.
You can find the declination values for any
location at (e.g.):
http://www.magnetic-declination.com
Pavg Power Average Average value of the power. Pavg corresponds
Average power to the Time Domain Power measurement.
Ppeak Power Peak Peak value of power

Peak power
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20 Glossary

Abbreviation
RBW Resolution bandwidth Signal selectivity.

Resolution bandwidth Only signals having a frequency spacing that is
greater than the defined resolution bandwidth
can be distinguished from one another. The
RBW selected for measuring signals having
very close frequency spacing must be
correspondingly small. A larger resolution
bandwidth can be used for measuring wideband
signals.
• The indicated level will be too low if the RBW
is too small.
• Individual signals cannot be separated from
one another if the RBW is too big.
RL Reference Level Parameter that determines the drive range and
Reference Level sensitivity of the instrument. This parameter
sets the input attenuator among other things.
Signals below the reference level can be
measured without clipping. Smaller reference
levels reduce intrinsic noise and yields
increased sensitivity.
RMS Root Mean Square The root mean square is an average value
Root Mean Square formed by taking the square root of the average
of the sum of the squares of the individual
values, e.g. when measuring high frequency
electromagnetic fields. It corresponds to taking
the linear average of power densities.
Spectrogram Spectrogram A spectrogram is used to display the variation in
the signal strength of a spectrum versus time.
The recorded spectrums are shown as lines.
Different signal levels are represented by
different colors. This enables changes in the
spectral distribution to be seen rapidly.
Squelch Noise suppression Squelch is frequently used in walkie-talkies to
suppress the noise during pauses in speech
and transmission. The squelch threshold value
is settable.
Trace Measurement curve The trace display can be altered using
arithmetical functions. Depending on the
selected trace type, minimum or maximum
values can be held, or curves averaged. The
number of data points is not changed by this.
USB Upper Side Band The higher of the two sidebands that occur
Upper side band through amplitude modulation.
270 IDA-3106 Narda

19.5 Accessories

Abbreviation
UTC Universal Time The primary standard used to express time

Coordinated throughout the world. The zero meridian is used
Coordinated universal time as the reference (Greenwich Mean time UTC
±0). Time zones are expressed as differences
from UTC (UTC -12 to UTC +14). The precise
UTC time can be received e.g. by navigation
satellites.
VBW Video bandwidth The VBW is used to smooth the signals,
Video bandwidth particularly to reduce the noise. The selected
VBW influences the sweep time. The smaller
the VBW selected, the more the noise will be
smoothed but the longer the sweep time will be.
WAV Wave file format The WAV file format is a container format for
saving audio data, which can contain
compressed audio data in addition to the
uncompressed PCM raw data. It is the de facto
standard for storing audio data on MS Windows
based PC systems.
WGS84 World Geodetic System WGS84 is a geodesy (ground survey) system
1984 introduced by the USA with satellite navigation
in 1984. WGS84 covers both the reference
point as well as the ellipsoid and is the geodetic
basis for GPS.
WiMax Worldwide Interoperability Radio system conforming to IEEE Standard
for Microwave Access 802.16 for fixed systems (e.g. radio links) as
well as for use with portable devices.
WLAN Wireless Local Area Wireless local area network conforming to the
Network IEEE-802.11 standard.
Narda IDA-3106 271

20 Glossary
272 IDA-3106 Narda

Index
A Bearings
AC adapter / charger Excluding 150
Maintenance 224 Beat frequency oscillator 117
Operation from 27 Beeper
Activating options 225 Level Recorder 175
Add Transmitter 82 Multi-Channel Power 207
AM 117 BFO 117
Amplitude modulation 117 Buffer battery 27
Antenna
Attaching to the Basic Unit 29, 30 C
Connecting using a cable 31 Cable
Connectors 23 Connecting antenna and Basic
Displaying and selecting 75 Unit 31
Displaying information 69 Connectors 23
Original accessory 4 Displaying and selecting 77
Typical antenna characteristics 253 Displaying information 69, 70
Typical antenna factors 252 Using other manufacturers
Using other manufacturers products 32
products 32 Calibration, compass 74
Audio 130 CBW
Auto saving measured values 192, 204 General 92
Average position 148 Scope 183, 201
Axis (Y) adjustment 103 Center frequency 89, 91
Axis, measuring with multiple axis Change date 65
antennas 122 Change date format 65
Change language 65
B Change network settings 71
Backwards and forwards 49 Change operating mode without keeping
Bar Graph view 212 parameters 123
Bargraph Change time 65
Audible indicator 130 Change time zone 65
Battery Changing
Change battery type 65 Device settings 66
Compartment 23 Channel bandwidth
Handling 26 General 92
Operation from 25 Scope 183, 201
Bearing Channels
Exporting 139 Show / hide (multi channel) 207
manual 129 Charging socket 24
Uncertainty 151 Cleaning 224
Narda IDA-3106 273

Index
Clock change Device

Normal time, Daylight saving time 65 Cleaning 224
Summer time 65 information, displaying 68
Commands, remote control 236 overview 21
Comment mode, changing 222 Reset settings 72
Compass, calibration 74 settings, changing 66
Conformity, declaration 254 Device Diag 73
Connecting Device settings
to a network 234 Reset 88
to a PC 232 Device software update 228
Connection Difference 108
N connector 23 Direction Finding 127
Connector Directional antenna 4
Antenna and cable 23 Disable Bearing 149, 150
Charging socket 24 Discrete with Max Hold 135
Ethernet 24 Display
External 24 Antenna information 69
Headphone socket 24 Available external devices 76
Multi-pin 23 Cable information 69, 70
N 23 GPS information 71
Optical interface 24 LCD screen elements 44
USB 24 Maps 145
Continuous wave 117 mode, selecting 206
Controls 40 Own location 150
CSV export 216 Display test 73
CW 117 Disposal 18
Distance 149
D Duty Cycle 193
Data sets, viewing 215
Daylight saving time 65 E
Declaration of conformity 254 Entering text 53
DECT, Scope example 185 Ethernet 24
Delta Marker 171 Event triggered storing 219
Delta Spectrum 164 Excluding bearings
Demodulation 116 Manual 149
Demodulation bandwidth setting 121 Excursion, Peak 111
Detector Export, data 216
I/Q Analyzer 203 Exporting data 216
Level Meter 176 External connectors 24
Time Domain (Scope) 203 External devices, displaying and
Detector (Spectrum) 168 selecting 76
Determine with marker 108
Determining transmitter location
Triangulation 148
274 IDA-3106 Narda

Index
F Location, displaying own 150

Factory settings 72 Loop antenna 4
Firmware update 228 Lower sideband 117
FM 117 LSB/USB 117
Formatting 86
Forwards and backwards 49 M
Free Run 189 Magnifier 112
Frequency modulation 117 Manual bearing 129
Functions, overview 56 Manual save 219
Maps
G Displaying 145
Glossary 267 Loading 146
GPS, displaying information 71 MapTools 146
GSM, Scope example 184 Marker
Determine a difference 108
H Spectrogram 169
Headphone socket 24 Using separately 107
Horizontal Scan 132 Marker menu 105
Continuous 133 Measurement
Discrete 134 input, overdriven 98
Discrete with maximum values 135 uncertainty 151
Practical 261 Memory menu 85, 214
Menu navigation 48
I microSD
I/Q streaming 196 Exporting data 216
IDA Tools 228 formatting 86
Improper use 11 Multi-channel tables, displaying and
Indoor localization 152 creating 77
Info bar, activating / deactivating 47 Multi-pin connector 23
Integrating measurement values 162 Multiple axis antennas, measuring
Integration time setting 94 with 122
Interfaces 228, 232 Multiple, trigger 189
ISM band, Scope example 188
N
L N connector 23
LCD screen 44 Navigating in the menus 48
Leveling, audible indicator 130 Navigator bar 47
List Noise suppression 121
Extended 51 noise suppression 119
Selecting items 50 Noise Threshold 121
Simple 50 Numerical values, changing 52
Localization
Indoor 152
Outdoor 137
Narda IDA-3106 275

Index
O Reference level
Operating mode Automatic search 97
Changing with same parameters 123 Manual selection 96
Direction Finding 125 Remote control
I/Q-Analyzer – Option 195 About 232
Level Meter 173 Activation / deactivation 234
Multi-Channel Power 205 Commands 236
Spectrum Analysis 157 Replaying demodulation recordings 218
Time Domain (Scope) – Option 179 Reset settings 72
Operating modes, overview 56 Resetting the device settings 72
Optical interface Resolution bandwidth
Connection via 232 General 92
Overview 24 Multi-Channel Power 207
Ordering information 263 RL Search 97
Others 208
Outdoor localization 137 S
Overload of measurement input 98 Saving reference traces 165
Overview, Main menu, functions and Scope parameters
operating modes 56 Setting 182, 201
Screen 44
P Screenshot
Parameters, keeping when changing Creating 54
operating mode 123 Viewing 217
Pavg/Ppeak 193 SD card
PC software Exporting data 216
About 228 formatting 86
Working with 229 Selecting frequencies from a transmitter
PC, connecting to 228, 232 table 83
Peak Excursion 111 Set as Reference 165
Peak Table, displaying values 160 Set minimum signal peak excursion 111
Peak Threshold 111 Set threshold 111
Peak Tracking 112 Setting
Percentage display 211 Demodulation bandwidth 121
Perform (device) diagnosis 73 Setting for Spectrum mode 91
Power on behavior, changing 85 Setting parameters (Scope) 182, 201
Power supply Setting using number keys 89
AC adapter / charger 27 Setting using rotary control 89
Battery pack 25 Settings, displaying and editing 64
Proper use 10 Setup
Deleting 84
R Editing the list 84
RBW Saving and loading 83
General 92 Switch on behavior 85
Multi-Channel Power 207 Signal demodulation 116
276 IDA-3106 Narda

Index
Single Channel Power 162 Triangulation 137

Single sideband 117 Trigger
Single, trigger 189 Auto save 192, 204
Softkeys 54 Trigger functions
Specifications 239 Free Run 189
Spectrogram 166 Single, Multiple 189
Spectrogram Marker 169 Time Controlled 191
Squelch 119 T-RMS 94
Standby mode 43 Typographic conventions in this
Status bar manual 6
Activating / deactivating 47
Lower 46 U
Upper 45 Units, changing 101
Storing Unpacking the device 20
Event triggered 219 Updating software 228
Manual 219 Upper sideband 117
Time controlled 219 USB
Summer time 65 Connecting via 228, 232
Switch on behavior, changing 85 Overview 24
Switching on / off USB/LSB 117
Device 43
Standby mode 43 V
Synchronize date with GPS 65 Values, changing 52
Synchronize time with GPS 65 VBW 94
Video bandwidth, setting 94
T View
Table type, changing 210 Bar Graph 212
Table view 209 Table 209
Text, entering 53
Threshold, Peak 111 W
Time controlled storing 219 Winter time 65
Time Controlled, Trigger 191 WLAN, Scope example 186
Time Domain Power 193
Time Resolution (Spectrum) 168 Y
Tone Search 130, 259 Y axis adjustment 103
Trace, selecting 99
Trace, Time Domain (Scope) 203
Tracking peak values 112
Tracking, Peak 112
Transmitter tables
Adding individual frequencies 82
Creating and editing 80
Deleting 82
Selecting frequencies from 83
Narda IDA-3106 277

Index
278 IDA-3106 Narda

Sandwiesenstraße 7
72793 Pfullingen, Germany
Phone: +49 7121-9732-0
Fax: +49 7121-9732-790
E-mail: Support.Narda-de@L-3com.com
www.narda-sts.com

Beijing Representative
Xiyuan Hotel, No. 1 Sanlihe Road, Haidian
100044 Beijing, China
Phone: +86 10 68305870
Fax: +86 10 68305871
E-mail: support@narda-sts.cn
www.narda-sts.cn

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IDA-3106

Interference and Direction Analyzer

2 Important Safety Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3 Connecting Up and Starting to Use the Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

4 Operation and Basic Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

5 The Main Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

7 Direction Finding mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

8 Spectrum Analysis Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

9 Level Meter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173

10 Time Domain (Scope) mode – Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

Narda IDA-3106 III

11 I/Q Analyzer Mode – Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195

12 Multi-Channel Power Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

13 Measurement Data Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

14 Maintenance, Repairs, Updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

16 Remote Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

19 Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

This chapter contains basic information on measuring electromagnetic

1.1 About this device (page 2)

1.1 About this device

Figure 1: IDA-3106 in field use

1.2 The antenna handle

Figure 2: Antenna handle

Figure 3: Antenna handle with arm support

1.3 Narda directional antennas

Figure 4: Directional antenna 1, frequency range 20 MHz to 250 MHz

Figure 5: Directional antenna 2, frequency range 200 MHz to 500 MHz

Figure 6: Directional antenna 3, frequency range 400 MHz to 6 GHz

Figure 7: Loop antenna, frequency range 9 kHz to 30 MHz

1.5 About this operating manual

1.5.1 User interface language

1.5.2 Symbols and characters used

Symbols and terms used in warnings

This general danger symbol in conjunction with

Indicates a danger that could lead to damage or

Indicates a danger that represents a low or

Indicates a danger that could lead to death or

Indicates a danger that will result in death or

Symbols and characters

2.1 Using this operating manual (page 10)

2.1 Using this operating manual

2.2 Before connecting up

2.3 Proper use

Proper use also includes the following:

2.4 Improper use

2.5 General hazards

2.6 Dangers due to electromagnetic fields

Metallic stickers on the antenna can lead to measurement errors,

2.7 AC adapter / charger

2.8 Rechargeable batteries

2.8.3 Fire hazards

2.8.4 Chemical hazards

2.8.5 Charging and discharging

2.9 Faults and unusual stresses

2.10 Proper disposal

3.1 Unpacking the device (page 20)

3.1 Unpacking the device

3.1.2 Package contents

3.1.3 Checking the device for shipping damage

3.1.4 Recovery after shipping and storage