ChapterI

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

In today's rapidly evolving society, the pursuit of higher education is increasingly

intertwined with the necessity of employment. As the cost of education continues to rise, many

students find themselves compelled to take on paid work while simultaneously studying to fulfill

their academic aspirations. These working students embark on a unique journey, striving to

balance the demands of education and employment, often referred to as "double duty."

Understanding the challenges they face and the strategies they employ in this delicate balancing

act is of paramount importance for educational institutions, policymakers, and employers alike

. "The Double Duty: Exploring the Challenges and Strategies of Working Students in Pursuit of

Education and Employment" aims to shed light on the multifaceted experiences of working

students.

This research seeks to investigate the inherent challenges they encounter, ranging from time

management constraints and financial pressures to academic performance concerns and limited

social engagement opportunities. Additionally, the study aims to explore the various strategies

that working students utilize to navigate these challenges effectively and achieve success in both

their educational pursuits and professional endeavors. By examining the experiences and

perspectives of working students, this research intends to contribute to the existing body of

knowledge surrounding this population. The findings will not only provide valuable insights into

the specific difficulties faced by working students but will also inform the development of

targeted support mechanisms, policies, and interventions to better assist them. Understanding the

strategies employed by these students to manage their dual responsibilities will enable

educational institutions to enhance their support services and foster an environment conducive to

their academic and professional growth.

students possess, allowing for the creation of more accommodating work environments that

recognize and harness their potential. Through this comprehensive exploration of the challenges

and strategies of working students, this research seeks to contribute to a deeper understanding of

the evolving landscape of education and employment. By shedding light on the experiences of

these individuals, we can collectively work towards fostering an educational system and

employment practices that empower and support the success of working students, paving the way

for a more equitable and inclusive society.

Statement of the Problem

This study seeks to identify the challenges encountered by the Grade Ten (10) selected

working student of Tarlac National High School. It sought to answer the following questions.

1. What are the problem encounterd by working students by grade 10 of tarlac national
highschool

2. What are the effects on their academic performance

3. how do they handle working and studying at the same time?

Significance of the Study

This study aims to know the challenges encountered by the working students that affects their

academic performance of Grade ten (10) student of Tarlac National High School. Thus, the

findings of this study will benefit he following; Grade Ten (10) Students. This study will help

the students to gain a deeper understanding of the challenges they face while balancing the

employment and academic responsibilities

Parents. The study will serve as an instrument for parent to comprehend the impact of
employment on their children’s academic performance.

Teachers. The collected data in this study will assist educators in developing targteted

intervention and support systems for working students.

Society. The study contributes to the broader society by addressing the challenges faced by

working students.

Others researchers. This study will add to the body of knowledge that the other researchers can

use as a reference material if they plan to research or explore the same topic.

Scope of the Research Study:

Participants: The study will focus on working students enrolled in Tarlac National High
School(Main).

Geographical Scope: The study will be conducted in Tarlac National High School (Main).

Data Collection: The research will employ a mixed-methods approach, combining surveys and

interviews to gather qualitative and quantitative data.

Challenges: The study will investigate the various challenges faced by working students, such as

time management, financial constraints, academic performance, and work-life balance.

Strategies: The research will explore the strategies adopted by working students to manage their

educational and employment responsibilities effectively.

Implications: The study will examine the potential impact of working while studying on students'

overall well-being, academic performance, and future career prospects.

Recommendations: Based on the findings, the study will provide recommendations for

educational institutions, employers, and policymakers to better support working students.

Limitations of the Research Study:

Generalizability: The findings may be specific to Tarlac National High School and may not be

representative of working students in other contexts.

Sample Size: Due to practical constraints, the study may have a limited sample size, which could
impact the generalizability of the results.

Self-reporting Bias: Participants' responses in surveys and interviews may be influenced by

recall bias or social desirability bias, affecting the accuracy of the data collected.

Time Constraints: The study will focus on the challenges and strategies of working students

within a specific timeframe, potentially excluding long-term effects or changes over time.

Subjective Interpretation: Qualitative data analysis involves subjective interpretation, which may

introduce researcher bias.

Limited Perspectives: The study may not capture the full range of perspectives and experiences

of working students, as it relies on the willingness of individuals to participate.

External Factors: The research may not consider all external factors that could influence the

experiences of working students, such as familial support or economic conditions.

These scope and limitations outline the focus of the research study on working students, the

aspects to be investigated, and the potential constraints that could affect the study's outcomes.

Definition of words

Challenges refer to difficulties or obstacles that individuals or organizations face when they try

to achieve a particular goal or objective. Challenges can arise from various sources such as

economic, social, technological, political, environmental, or personal factors. Some common

challenges that individuals or organizations may face include financial constraints, limited

resources, lack of skills or expertise, competition, changing market conditions, technological

disruptions, regulatory changes, cultural barriers, conflicts, and so on.

A working student is someone who is both a student and an employee at the same time.

Typically, a working student is someone who is pursuing their education while also working

part-time or full-time to support themselves financially and gain practical experience in their

field of study.
Academic refers to anything related to formal education, learning, or scholarly inquiry. The term

‘academic’ is usually used to describe activities that take place in an educational institution such

as a college, university, or research center. In an academic setting, individuals engage in

activities such as studying, researching, teaching, and publishing that are focused on advancing

knowledge and adding new insights to the field

Encountered means to come across or meet with something or someone unexpectedly or by

chance. It can refer to any kind of meeting or confrontation with a person or a thing, and is often

used to describe a situation where a person is faced with an obstacle or difficulty that needs to be

overcome.

Affects” is a plural noun that refers to an emotional state or mood that is experienced by a

person. It can be used to describe any range of feelings or emotions, such as happiness, sadness,

anger, fear, or joy.

Performance refers to the way in which a person performs a particular task or activity, often with

the goal of achieving a specific outcome. It is a term that can be applied to a wide range of

situations, from artistic performances such as music or theater, to academic or athletic

achievement, to everyday work-related tasks.

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 Chapter II

Introduction

This study explores the Challenges and Strategies of Working Students in Pursuit of Education

and Employment explores the challenges faced by working students in balancing education and

employment. The research aims to understand the strategies employed by these students to

navigate time management constraints, financial pressures, academic performance concerns, and

limited social engagement opportunities. This understanding can help educational institutions

and employers better support students and create more accommodating work environments. By

examining the experiences of working students, we can work towards a more equitable and

inclusive society.

Foreign authors

Jogaratnam and Buchanan (2004), specified that new students who

choose to do a part-time job while having full-time academic load were most likely

to suffer from stress and sleep deprivation. As many studies suggested, indeed a

combination of full-time studying and part-time working can cause a damaging

effect on the physical and mental health of students. It can create a negative impact

on academic performance (Hovdhaugen, 2015; Creed, French & Hood, 2015;

Darolia, 2014). In the study of Curtis and Shani (2002), they believed that students

who are working part-time would most likely miss lecturers with a lot of lessons to

catch and feel that they could achieve higher grades had they not been working.

For that reason, universities should be aware of contemporary students' lives.

Local author

This study explores how students create ways to maximize their time while working and

studying. It uses the Snowball technique to investigate the experiences of working while
studying. The findings show that financial support, self-development, and internal motivation are

the driving forces of working while studying, as well as good time management and self-

reflection. Suggestions for students who decide to work while studying include being committed

and disciplined.(Rica abenoja 2019)

Related literature

Steinberg et al. (2015) reported that part-time and some full-time employment is a common

phenomenon. Studies have found that part-time work can develop team cooperation, customer

care, communication, and practical skills. It can also enhance academic knowledge, motivation,

and employment prospects. Research has concluded that a combination of financial needs and

the opportunity to gain experiences will ultimately enhance career opportunities. Higher

education institutions should identify opportunities to increase the extent to which students can

be more familiar with work and expose them to educational, part-time vocational and career

experiences.

According to Elisabeth Hovdhaugen (2015), occupational status affects dropout rates. As much

as full-time employment, working more than 20 hours a week increases the likelihood of

dropping out. Models for retention and dropout must take into account circumstances outside of
the university as well as within events. Australian University Student Finances 2016: Final

Report of a National Survey of Students at Public Universities was a commissioned study that

was carried out by the Centre for the Study of Higher Education (CSHE) in 2017. According to

the report, students devote an average of over 4 hours per day to their education and 7-8 hours to

entertainment, with men devoting an additional half hour to unpaid employment and over an

hour to relaxation

Conclusion

In conclusion, working while studying has a impact or effect on a grade 10 student. Working

while studying can affect their mentl and physical health,( Pascarella and Padgett's 2017) study
found that working 20 hours or more had a positive effect on students' psychological well-being

and leadership skills. However, there were significant differences in the impact on students with

different academic abilities, with 1-10 hours a week having a positive effect for high-ability

students but a strong negative effect for low-ability students.

Methodology

This chapter introduces the procedure that is used in this study investigating the experiences of

Research Design

This qualitative methodology semi-structured interviews in order to collect data as well as to