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GPR Workshop 8

This document discusses the application of ground penetrating radar (GPR) methods to study geomorphological features in high mountain areas. GPR can be used to identify the structure, assess permafrost content, and determine the stratigraphy of rock glaciers, which are creeping ice-rock landforms. Acquiring GPR data in mountainous terrain presents challenges due to steep slopes and rugged topography. Methods to determine radar wave velocities and assess the ice and water content of rock glaciers are presented. Examples of GPR profiles collected on rock glaciers in the French Alps are shown and interpreted to identify internal stratigraphy and geomorphological features. Future applications of GPR in monitoring rock glaciers over time are discussed.

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Christian Camerlynck
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17 views

GPR Workshop 8

This document discusses the application of ground penetrating radar (GPR) methods to study geomorphological features in high mountain areas. GPR can be used to identify the structure, assess permafrost content, and determine the stratigraphy of rock glaciers, which are creeping ice-rock landforms. Acquiring GPR data in mountainous terrain presents challenges due to steep slopes and rugged topography. Methods to determine radar wave velocities and assess the ice and water content of rock glaciers are presented. Examples of GPR profiles collected on rock glaciers in the French Alps are shown and interpreted to identify internal stratigraphy and geomorphological features. Future applications of GPR in monitoring rock glaciers over time are discussed.

Uploaded by

Christian Camerlynck
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Application of GPR methods to

geomorphological problems in high and


remote mountain areas

C. Camerlynck(1), S. Monnier(2)
(1) UMR 7619 Sisyphe, UPMC, Paris, France
(2) CEAZA, La Serena, Chile

Near Surface Geoscience 2012, Paris,


1
Workshop 3 : GPR and applications, Sept 2, 2012
Numerous glaciers: ice and rock glaciers

Oussoue Glacier, French Pyrenees:


Ice volume, thermal conditions,…

Rock glacier in Thabor area, French Alps:


Stratigraphy, permafrost assesment,…. 2
GPR for rock glaciers: main concerns

• (creeping) Ice-rock high mountain morphological features:


– Ice cemented rock glacier (periglacial origin)
– Ice-cored rock glacier (glacial origin)
• Interests: structural identification, permafrost content,
water ressources, potential hazard, ….

• GPR acquisition: steep and rugged topography


• Material identification (ice content): velocity
determination
• Ice /permafrost, water assessment
• High resolution stratigraphy
3
Relief conditions: usual steep and rugged topography

Equipement and
optic fibers caring !

Boulders and
Antenna tilting!

Plan du Lac Rock Glacier Static corrections ≈ Investigation depth


N45.34°, E6.84° Datum plane for seismic-like processing?

40 m

4
Distorted imaging !

Thabor Rock Glacier 5


N45.13°, E6.57°
• Low-pass filtering of actual topography
2575
2570

Elevation (m)
2565
2560
2555
2550
2545
2540
2535
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Distance (m)

• Antenna position and tilt: possible corrections?

• Adaptation of topographic corrections /migration

• Acquisition in winter conditions (snow softening of boulder topography)

6
Radar wave velocity determination

(i) Punctual GPR wave velocity analysis (CMP)


La Sachette Rock Glacier
N45.48°, E6.87°

-> Stacking (RMS) velocities

7
Radar wave velocity determination

Thabor Rock Glacier


N45.13°, E6.57°

(ii) Highly heterogeneous medium: « Easy » diffraction hyperbola fitting, MVA, ….

slowness kriging -> RMS Velocity interpolation 8


Radar wave velocity determination

Pelambres Rock Glacier


S31.69°, W70.50°

Topography effect !

(iii) Multifold acquisition and


« classical » CDP velocity analysis
9
Ice, water,… assessment?

Massive ice
exposure (in
summer !)

Ground temperature logging

Mixture 1 Mixture 2
Ice fraction 0.80 0.60
Rock debris fraction 0.13 0.20
Water fraction 0.02 0.15
Air fraction 0.05 0.05
Relative dielectric permittivity 3.781 8.730
Radar wave velocity 0.154 0.101

εα = θiεiα + θ rεrα + θ wεwα + θ aεaα

Permittivity mixture model


Well coring (generally uneasy !) 10
Stratigraphic interpretation: Geomorphological features

La Planette Rock Glacier


N45.12°, E6.62°

15 m

11
Stratigraphic interpretation: GPR profile analysis

La Planette Rock Glacier


N45.12°, E6.62°

Long. profil – AGC Window: 60 ns

12
Stratigraphic interpretation: GPR profile analysis

La Planette Rock Glacier


N45.12°, E6.62°

Long. profil – AGC Window: 200 ns

13
Stratigraphic interpretation: GPR profile analysis

La Planette Rock Glacier


N45.12°, E6.62°

Long. profil – Interpretation

14
Stratigraphic interpretation: Final synthesis

La Planette Rock Glacier


N45.12°, E6.62°

15
Stratigraphic interpretation: Stratigraphy and interval velocity

La Sachette Rock Glacier


N45.48°, E6.87°

16
Future and perspectives?

2006

Assessed ( ) ice content


calibration

now

Col de Valmeinier Rock Glacier


N45.11°, E6.56° Time-lapse prospection
Climate change effect
Hazard evaluation () Ouille Moutta Rock Glacier
N45.28°, E7.07° 17
Future and perspectives?

• Rough GPR systems for improved profiling?

http://www.malags.com

• Multifold and continuous systems?

• Both ??

Bradford and others, Annals of Glaciology, 2009 18

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