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Practical 3 ANN

The document discusses a Python program to recognize even and odd numbers using a perceptron neural network. It then provides details on perceptrons, including that they are artificial neurons that mimic biological neurons and process information. The key components of a perceptron are described as the input features, weights, summation and activation functions, output, and bias. The learning rule is also explained as adjusting weights based on differences between the predicted and true outputs.

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Akshay Dhumal
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330 views

Practical 3 ANN

The document discusses a Python program to recognize even and odd numbers using a perceptron neural network. It then provides details on perceptrons, including that they are artificial neurons that mimic biological neurons and process information. The key components of a perceptron are described as the input features, weights, summation and activation functions, output, and bias. The learning rule is also explained as adjusting weights based on differences between the predicted and true outputs.

Uploaded by

Akshay Dhumal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment No 3:

Aim : Write a Python Program using Perceptron Neural Network to recognise even
and odd number. Given numbers are in ASCII form 0 to 9.
Theory:A Perceptron is an artificial neuron, essential for Deep Learning
neural networks. Discover its principle, its use, and its importance in Data
Science.

To understand what a Perceptron is, we must first understand the concept


of artificial neural networks. As you probably know, the human brain is made of
billions of neurons.

These neurons are interconnected nerve cells, and allow the processing and
transmission of chemical and electrical signals. Dendrites are branches that
receive information from other neurons. The cell nuclei process the
information received from the dendrites. Finally, synapses serve as connections
between neurons.

Artificial neurons try to mimic the functioning of brain neurons. It is a


mathematical function based on a model of biological neurons. Each neuron
receives data, weighs them, calculates their sum and produces a result through a
non-linear function.

An artificial neural network consists of multiple artificial neurons. The results of


the computations are transmitted from one neuron to another, and each neuron
maintains an internal state called the activation signal. The neurons are linked
together by connection links, through which information about the input data
flows.

In each neural network, we distinguish the input layer, the output layer, and
different hidden layers. The data is transmitted from one layer to the other.

What’s the Perceptron Learning Rule?

According to the Perceptron Learning Rule, the algorithm automatically learns


the optimal weight coefficients. The characteristics of the input data
are multiplied by these weights to determine whether a neuron “lights up” or not.

The Perceptron receives multiple input signals. If the sum of the signals exceeds a
certain threshold, a signal is produced or, conversely, no output is produced.

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Assignment No 3:

In the context of the supervised learning method of Machine Learning, this is


what makes it possible to predict the category of a data sample. It is therefore an
essential element.

The function of the Perceptron, how to interpret the result?

In reality, the Perceptron is a mathematical function. The input data (x) is


multiplied by the weight coefficients (w). The result is a value.

This value can be positive or negative. The artificial neuron is activated if the value
is positive. It is therefore activated only if the calculated weight of the input data
exceeds a certain threshold.

The predicted result is compared with the known result. If there is a difference,
the error is back propagated in order to adjust the weights.

Basic Components of Perceptron


A perceptron, the basic unit of a neural network, comprises essential components
that collaborate in information processing.
 Input Features: The perceptron takes multiple input features, each
input feature represents a characteristic or attribute of the input data.
 Weights: Each input feature is associated with a weight, determining
the significance of each input feature in influencing the perceptron’s
output. During training, these weights are adjusted to learn the optimal
values.
 Summation Function: The perceptron calculates the weighted sum of
its inputs using the summation function. The summation function
combines the inputs with their respective weights to produce a weighted
sum.

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Assignment No 3:

 Activation Function: The weighted sum is then passed through


an activation function. Perceptron uses Heaviside step function
functions. which take the summed values as input and compare with the
threshold and provide the output as 0 or 1.
 Output: The final output of the perceptron, is determined by the
activation function’s result. For example, in binary classification
problems, the output might represent a predicted class (0 or 1).
 Bias: A bias term is often included in the perceptron model. The bias
allows the model to make adjustments that are independent of the input.
It is an additional parameter that is learned during training.
 Learning Algorithm (Weight Update Rule): During training, the
perceptron learns by adjusting its weights and bias based on a learning
algorithm. A common approach is the perceptron learning algorithm,
which updates weights based on the difference between the predicted
output and the true output.

Conclusion:

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