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Underground Structures

Underground structures refer to man-made or natural structures located beneath the surface of the ground. They can serve purposes like transportation through subways and tunnels; storage in mines and caves; habitat in bunkers and homes; and utilities like power lines and sewage systems. Properly designing, constructing, and maintaining underground structures requires specialized expertise due to their complexity. Two underground structures discussed are swimming pools and basements. Swimming pools are man-made basins for recreation that require structural designs to safely support water pressure and loads.

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378 views

Underground Structures

Underground structures refer to man-made or natural structures located beneath the surface of the ground. They can serve purposes like transportation through subways and tunnels; storage in mines and caves; habitat in bunkers and homes; and utilities like power lines and sewage systems. Properly designing, constructing, and maintaining underground structures requires specialized expertise due to their complexity. Two underground structures discussed are swimming pools and basements. Swimming pools are man-made basins for recreation that require structural designs to safely support water pressure and loads.

Uploaded by

victor
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Subject: CEC

Topic: UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES


Definition

Underground structures refer to any man-made or natural structures that are located beneath the
surface of the ground. These structures can serve a variety of purposes, including:

1. Transportation: Underground structures such as subway systems, tunnels, and


underground parking garages are used for transportation and movement of people and
vehicles.
2. Storage: Underground structures such as caves and mines can be used for storage of
goods and materials, such as food, fuel, or minerals.
3. Habitat: Underground structures such as underground homes and bunkers can provide
shelter and a place to live.
4. Civil engineering: Underground structures such as foundation of building, underground
water management structures, and underground waste management structures are used
for civil engineering purposes.
5. Military: Underground structures such as underground fortifications, command centers,
and weapons storage facilities can be used for military purposes.
6. Archaeological: Underground structures such as tombs, pyramids, and underground cities
can be used for historical and archaeological purposes.
7. Entertainment: Underground structures such as underground clubs, cinemas and escape
rooms can be used for entertainment purposes.
8. Utility: Underground structures such as underground power lines, water pipelines, and
sewage lines can be used for utility purposes.

The design, construction, and maintenance of underground structures require specialized


knowledge and expertise, as they can be complex and challenging to build, operate and maintain.

The following are Underground structures discussed in this topic:


a) Swimming pool
b) Basements
Swimming pool
A swimming pool is a man-made basin or tank filled with water that is used for swimming, diving, or
other recreational activities. Pools can come in various shapes and sizes, from small above-ground pools
to large in-ground pools. They can be made of different materials, such as concrete, fiberglass, or vinyl.
Swimming pools can be found in residential backyards, hotel and resort grounds, public parks, and
fitness centers. Swimming is a popular activity for fitness and leisure, and pools provide a controlled and
convenient environment for swimming and other water-based activities.

structural designing of pool


Structural design of a swimming pool involves considering factors such as load bearing capacity,
water pressure, and load distribution to ensure the stability and safety of the pool. The following
steps are involved in the structural design of a pool:

1. Determine the loads: This involves considering factors such as the weight of the water,
the weight of the deck, and any additional loads such as people and furniture.
2. Choose the materials: The materials used for the pool structure must be able to withstand
the loads and also must meet the required strength and durability standards. Common
materials used include concrete, steel, and fiberglass.
3. Determine the size and shape of the pool: The size and shape of the pool will depend on
the intended use and the available space. The design should ensure that the pool is stable
and can safely hold the water.
4. Design the structure: This involves determining the size and placement of beams, girders,
and supports to ensure stability and safety. The structure must be designed to resist both
vertical and horizontal loads.
5. Perform a load analysis: The design must be analyzed to ensure that it can safely support
the loads and to determine if any additional reinforcements are needed.
6. Prepare detailed drawings and specifications: Finally, the design must be documented in
detailed drawings and specifications, which will be used for construction.

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